2020-2021学年英语新教材人教版必修第一册学案：UNIT 5 预习新知早知道 WORD版含解析.doc

1、高考资源网（） 您身边的高考专家.匹配词义()1.factor An.符号；象征()2.system Bn.王朝；朝代()3.bone Cn.因素；要素()4.calligraphy Dn.骨头；骨(质)()5.dynasty En.体系；制度；系统()6.carve Fn.书法；书法艺术()7.symbol Gvt.& vi.雕刻()8.gap Hn.间隔；开口；差距()9.point of view I浮沉，兴衰()10.ups and downs J观点，看法答案15 CEDFB 610GAHJI.默写单词1despite prep.即使；尽管2attitude n态度；看法3major

2、 adj.主要的；重要的；大的 n主修课程；主修学生 vi.主修；专门研究4means n方式；方法；途径5character n文字；符号；角色；品质；特点6appreciate vt.欣赏；重视；感激；领会 vi.增值7equal n同等的人；相等物 adj.相同的；同样的8regard n尊重；关注 vt.把视为；看待9specific adj.特定的；明确的；具体的10struggle n& vi.斗争；奋斗；搏击.语境填空regarded，major，carved，gaps，dialects，dating，symbols，classic，related，civilisation1Th

3、ere are huge gaps in my knowledge of history，especially the European history.2Chinese characters are just meaningless symbols to most of the foreigners.3It is required that what you will write should be related to everyday life.4Since you are interested in Chinese classic novels，I think this book is

4、 well worth reading.5As the birthplace of Huaxia civilisation，Henan is a province with a long history and a number of cultural relics(遗迹)6The Spring Festival is regarded as the most important festival for Chinese people.7He travels around the country and can speak several dialects8The floor is made

5、up of the bricks carved with calligraphy.9This is an old building dating back to the 14th century.10When I graduated from high school，I wanted to major in literature.语法填空之派生词1His story is based(base) on his own experience when he was studying in Harvard University.2Students must be encouraged to do

6、their homework using reference(refer)books.3A variety(vary) of food is sold at a supermarket.4What are the effects of global(globe) warming on the climate?5The majority(major)of doctors believe smoking is harmful to health.6All expenses are to be equally(equal) divided among them.7Light industry is

7、closely related(relate)to agriculture.8It is a demanding(demand)role and she needs to work hard at it.9The park is beautiful beyond description(describe)10I wish to express my appreciation(appreciate) for your kindness.1China is widely known for its ancient civilisation which has continued all the w

8、ay through into modern times，despite the many ups and downs in its history.尽管在历史上经历了多次盛衰，但一直延续至今的古老文明让中国闻名世界。2Written Chinese has also become an important means by which Chinas present is connected with its past.中国书法也成为联系中国过去和现在的一种重要形式。3As China plays a greater role in global affairs, an increasing

9、number of international students are beginning to appreciate Chinas culture and history through this amazing language.随着中国在全球事务中扮演着更为重要的角色，越来越多的国际学生开始通过汉语这一奇妙的语言了解和欣赏中国的文化和历史。4When I listen to native English speakers talking in a video，I can catch only a few words.I can never quite get the main idea

10、.当我听到录音中以英语为母语的人在讲话时，我只能听懂几个词。我从来没能听懂过大意。5If Im talking to a close friend，I can use short requests，like“Open the window”our relationship is close and were equals，so I only need a few words to bridge the gap between us.如果我在和一个亲密的朋友讲话，我可以使用很短的请求语，如“开一下窗户”我们的关系很亲近，并且我们是平等的，因此我只需说几个字就能消除我们之间的距离。词语助读conn

11、ect/knekt/v.连接connect A to/with/and B把A与B连接起来widely/waIdlI/adv.广泛地be known for(be famous for)因而闻名be known/famous as.作为而闻名civilisation/sIvlaIzeIn/n.文明；文明世界civilise v教化，开化；使文明civilised adj.文明的all the way through一直以来，自始至终despite/dIspaIt/prep.即使；尽管(in spite of.)ups and downs浮沉；兴衰；荣辱factor/fkt(r)/n.因素；要素

12、base/beIs/vt.以为据点；以为基础 n底部；根据based/beIst/adj.以(某事)为基础的；以为重要部分(或特征)的picturebased adj.以图画为基础的date back(to.)追溯到bone/bn/n.骨头；骨(质)shell/el/n.壳；壳状物symbol/sImbl/n.符号；象征symbolic adj.象征性的symbolise v象征，代表carve/kv/vt.& vi.雕刻dynasty/dInstI/n.王朝；朝代welldeveloped adj.健全的；发展良好的develop into发展成divide/dIvaId/v.(使)分开，分

13、割，分成divide sth.into.把某物分成geographically/digrfIklI/adv.地理上地geographical/digrfIkl/adj.地理的geography/dIgrfI/n.地理(学)；地形variety/vraItI/n.(植物、语言等的)变体；异体；多样化；(同一事物的)不同种类，多种式样a variety ofvarieties ofvarious多种多样的dialect/daIlekt/n.地方话；方言character/krkt(r)/n.文字；符号；角色；品质；特点Chinese character汉字emperor/empr(r)/n.皇帝u

14、nite/junaIt/v.统一；联合，团结united adj.联合的，统一的；团结的major/meId(r)/adj.主要的；重要的；大的 n主修课程；主修学生 vi.主修；专门研究major in主修unify/junIfaI/v.统一；(使)成一体in one direction朝着一个方向be of great importancebe very important非常重要means/minz/n.方式；方法；途径(pl.means)by means of.用手段classic/klsIk/adj.传统的；最优秀的；典型的n经典作品；名著classical adj.经典的；古典的；

15、传统的work/wk/ nC著作，作品classic works经典作品regard/rIgd/n.尊重；关注 vt.把视为；看待calligraphy/klIgrfI/n.书法；书法艺术play a.role in在中扮演角色(role可换为part)global affairs全球事务global/glbl/adj.全球的；全世界的affair/fe(r)/n.公共事务；事件；关系appreciate/priieIt/vt.欣赏；重视；感激；领会vi.增值appreciation n欣赏；感激；增值amazing/meIzI/adj.惊人的；令人惊喜的amazed adj.大为惊奇的人物小

16、传秦始皇(公元前259年公元前210年)，嬴姓，赵氏，名政，是中国历史上著名的政治家、战略家、改革家，是完成华夏大一统的铁腕政治人物，也是中国第一个称皇帝的君主。秦始皇建立了一个以汉族为主体的统一的中央集权的强大国家秦朝。原文呈现THE CHINESE WRITING SYSTEM：CONNECTINGTHE PAST AND THE PRESENTChina is widely known for its ancient civilisation which has continued all the way through into modern times，despite the man

17、y ups and downs in its history1There are many reasons why this has been possible2，but one of the main factors has been the Chinese writing system.1which引导的定语从句修饰先行词its ancient civilisation。2关系副词why引导的定语从句修饰先行词reasons，同时why在从句中作原因状语。At the beginning, written Chinese was a picturebased language.It dat

18、es back several thousand years to the use of longguanimal bones and shells on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people3Some of the ancient symbols can still be seen in todays hanzi.3“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句修饰先行词animal bones and shells。which指代animal bones and shells。By the Shang Dynasty(around 1600

19、1046 BCE)，these symbols had become a welldeveloped writing system.Over the years，the system developed into different forms，as it was a time when people were divided geographically，leading to many varieties of dialects and characters4This，however，changed under Emperor Qinshihuang of the Qin Dynasty(2

20、21207 BCE)4as引导原因状语从句，该从句中包含一个“it is/was a time when.”句型，意为“这是一个的时代/时刻”，其中when引导定语从句，修饰a time。v.ing短语leading to.characters作结果状语。Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction5That writing system was of gre

21、at importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture.Even today，no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak6，they can all still communicate in writing.5where引导的定语从句修饰先行词one unified country，where在从句中作地点状语。6“no matter特殊疑问词”引导让步状语从句，what前省略了no matter。Written Chinese has also becom

22、e an important means by which Chinas present is connected with its past7People in modern times can read the classic works which were written by Chinese in ancient times.The high regard for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters as an art form，known as Chinese

23、 calligraphy，which has become an important part of Chinese culture.87“介词bywhich”引导的定语从句修饰先行词an important means。8该句是一个较复杂的主从复合句。The high regard是主语；介词短语for.system修饰主语。关系代词which引导的定语从句修饰先行词an art form。Today，the Chinese writing system is still an important part of Chinese culture.As China plays a greate

24、r role in global affairs9，an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate Chinas culture and history through this amazing language.9As在此引导时间状语从句，意为“随着”。译文参考汉字书写体系：连接过去与现在中国因其古文明而广为人知，虽然古文明在历史上有兴衰起伏，但它成功传承到了现代。这其中有很多原因，不过一个主要因素就是汉字的书写体系。起初，汉字是一种基于图画的语言，它的使用可以追溯到数千年前使用龙骨的时期古

25、代中国人民将符号刻在动物骨头和壳上，有些古代的符号在今天的汉字当中仍可见到。到商朝的时候(约公元前1600公元前1046年)，这些符号已经形成一个高度发达的书写体系。随着时间的推移，书写体系发展成不同的形式，因为那时人们居住在不同的地理区域，导致了多种方言和文字的形成。不过，秦朝(公元前221公元前207年)秦始皇统治时期，这一现象有所改变。秦始皇统一七国，中国的书写体系由此开始朝同一个方向发展。该书写体系对于统一中国人民和中国文化都具有重要意义。即使在今天，不论住在哪里，也不论说何种方言，中国人都仍能通过书写(文字)进行交流。书面汉语也成为连接中国的现在与过去的一种重要手段。现代人能阅读古代中国人创作的经典作品。中国人对中国书写体系的高度重视体现在汉字的发展中，汉字作为一种艺术形式，被熟知为中国书法，已经成为中国文化的重要组成部分。今天，汉字书写体系仍是中国文化的一个重要组成部分。随着中国在全球事务中扮演着更为重要的角色，越来越多的国际学生开始通过汉语这一奇妙的语言了解和欣赏中国的文化和历史。- 8 - 版权所有高考资源网