2019_2020学年高中英语课时分层作业一Module1BritishandAmericanEnglishPeriod1Introduction.doc

1、课时分层作业 一 Module 1Period 1阅读理解American and British people use different greetings. In the USA the commonest greeting is “Hi”. In Britain it is “Hello! ” or “How are you? ” “Hi! ” is creeping(不知不觉地进入)into British, too. When they are introduced to someone, the Americans say, “Glad to know you. ” The Br

2、itish say, “How do you do? ” or “Pleased to meet you. ” When Americans say “Good-bye”, they nearly always add, “Have a good day. ” or “Have a good trip. ” etc. to friends and strangers alike. The British are already beginning to use “Have a good day. ”The British usually use “got” in the sense of “h

3、ave”. The Americans hardly ever do. AmE: Do you have a car, room, etc. ? Yes, I do. BrE: Have you got a car, room, etc. ? Yes, I have. There are a number of differences between AmE and BrE in the spelling of words, e. g. check(the US)/cheque(the UK). Many American words ending in “or”, e. g. honor,

4、labor are spelt in BrE with an “our”, e. g. honour, labour. Many verbs in AmE with “ize” or “izing” forms, e. g. organize, realizing are spelt in BrE with “ise” or “ising”, e. g. organise, realising. In AmE, “practice” is used both for the verb and noun. In BrE, the verb is spelt “practise”, and the

5、 noun “practice”. In AmE, one writes “traveler”, while in BrE, one writes “traveller”. It was once predicted that BrE and AmE would become separate (各自的)languages finally. But the opposite has happened. The links(联系)between the two countries are so strong that linguistically(语言上), and probably cultu

6、rally(文化上), too, they are closer together than ever before. AmEAmerican EnglishBrEBritish English【语篇概述】这篇短文主要介绍了英式英语和美式英语的一些差别及这两种语言间的联系。1. The Americans hardly say “_”A. Good-bye. Have a good day! B. Glad to know you! C. Hi! D. Have you got a car? 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据The British usually use “got” in the

7、 sense of “have”. The Americans hardly ever do. AmE: Do you have a car, room, etc. ? Yes, I do. 的描述可知选D。2. Which of the following is TRUE? A. The two languages will become separate languages. B. American English will be used more and more. C. The two languages will be closer and closer. D. British E

8、nglish will be used more and more. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据they are closer together than ever before. 及上文描述, 可知这两种语言变得越来越接近。3. The underlined word “predicted” means _in Chinese. A. 解释B. 预言C. 考虑D. 证明【解析】选B。词义猜测题。联系下文. . . BrE and AmE would become separate languages finally. 可知这个单词是“预言”的意思。【语言素养训练】. Skim the p

9、assage and find the main idea quickly. The differences between British English and American English and the connections between them. . Read the passage carefully and answer the following questions. 1. What would Americans say when they are introduced to someone? Glad to know you. 2. Whats the relat

10、ionship between AmE and BrE like now? They are closer together than ever before. . 阅读理解American and British people both speak English of course. But sometimes it does not seem like the same language. In fact, there are some important differences between British English and American English. First of

11、 all, they sound very different. Often, Americans dont say each word separately. They say several words together. Americans may say “I dunno” instead of “I dont know”. Or they may say “Whaddya say? ” instead of “What did you say? ” However, the British are more careful in their speech. They usually

12、say all the words and keep them separate. Words sometimes have different meanings too. Some American words are never used in England. The same thing is true of some British words in America. For example, the vocabulary(词汇)for cars and driving is very different. Americans drive trucks, but in England

13、 people drive lorries. Many expressions are also different in the two countries. In England, if you are going to telephone your friends, you “phone them up”. In America, you “give them a call”. Therere also some differences in grammar. For example, when Americans ask a question, they say “Do you hav

14、e a storybook? ” But the British often say “Have you got a storybook? ”All these differences can be confusing (易混淆的)if you are learning English. But most languages are like this. Languages change over time. When people live in separate places, the languages change in different ways. This is what has

15、 happened to English. It can also happen to other languages, such as French. Many people in Canada speak French but their French is very different from the French of France. 【语篇概述】这篇短文讲述了美式英语和英式英语在读音、词义、语法及固定表达等方面的不同。1. What does the underlined word “separate” mean in the passage? A. 含糊的B. 快速的C. 分开的

16、D. 简略的【解析】选C。词义猜测题。根据第二段的内容可知, 美国人说英语和英国人不一样。They say several words together. 美国人会把好几个单词连在一起说。那么由此我们可以猜测英国人应该是一个词一个词地说, 即分开说。2. The vocabulary for cars and driving is _. A. an example of British EnglishB. an example of American EnglishC. the same in America and EnglandD. not the same in America and

17、England【解析】选D。细节理解题。文章中第三段为我们讲的是英国英语和美国英语在词汇方面的不同, 并给我们举例说明。For example, the vocabulary for cars and driving is very different. Americans drive trucks, but in England people drive lorries. 由此我们可知答案为D。3. Languages _. A. are always changing as time passesB. keep unchanged even if time changesC. are th

18、e same in all placesD. are easy to learn【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据文中最后一段Languages change over time. , 语言是随着时间而改变的, 即语言是不断发展变化的。4. This passage is mainly about _. A. English vocabularyB. how American sounds are different from British soundsC. the way the British say wordsD. some differences between American and

19、 British English【解析】选D。主旨大意题。文中的第一段就点明了文章的中心there are some important differences between British English and American English, 美式英语和英式英语之间有一些重要的不同。. 阅读填句(2018汕头高二检测)根据短文内容, 从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。We eat to satisfy our hunger and to provide necessary nutrition for our body. 1 Research sh

20、ows that there are times when certain foods may provide possible solutions for various problems. When you cant sleep: 2 Almonds(杏) contain magnesium(镁), an essential nutrient that helps relax the muscles and promote sleep. When you have bad breath: Drink a cup of black, green or oolong tea, which co

21、ntains a compound that stops the growth of the bacteria that causes bad breath. When you feel irritable: Reach for a chocolate bar. 3 That is not only because it tastes good, but also because it increases the production of serotonin(血清素), which affects peoples moods. When you have joint pain: Eat st

22、rawberries, oranges or other foods loaded with Vitamin C. Eating two oranges daily gives you 120 milligrams of Vitamin C, which may help slow the wear and tear on your joints. 4Drink ample amounts of water. When you dont drink enough water, oxygen and nutrients cant reach your brain in an efficient

23、manner, leaving you tired and less able to concentrate. 5A. When you dont have much energy. B. The next time you have a problem, remember to check your kitchen first for a solution. C. When you have any trouble. D. It is known to make most people happy. E. By doing these, you are expected to solve a

24、ll of your annoying problems. F. But there are other reasons to reach for particular foods. G. Try a few almonds for a late-night snack. 【语篇概述】本文主要介绍了食物除了能帮助我们抵抗饥饿和获取营养, 还能帮助我们解决许多种问题。1. 【解析】选F。根据空前的“We eat to satisfy our hunger and to provide necessary nutrition for our body. ”及下文内容可知, 此处是说除了抵抗饥饿和获

25、取营养, 我们需要食物还有其他的原因。2. 【解析】选G。根据小标题及空后的“Almonds contain magnesium”可知, 此处是说吃一些杏仁作为宵夜。3. 【解析】选D。空后的“That is not only because it tastes good, but also because it increases the production of serotonin, which affects peoples moods. ”是对此处的解释说明, 此处是说巧克力会让人高兴, D项中的It指代的就是前面的a chocolate bar。4. 【解析】选A。根据空后的“ox

26、ygen and nutrients cant reach your brain in an efficient manner, leaving you tired and less able to concentrate. ”可知, 此处说的是当你没有精力的时候。5. 【解析】选B。根据第一段中的“certain foods may provide possible solutions for various problems. ”可知, 此处总结上文, 说的是下次有问题时, 先去厨房找解决办法。阅读理解In the early nineteen fifties, researchers f

27、ound that people scored lower on intelligence tests if they spoke more than one language. Research in the sixties found the opposite. So which is it? Researchers presented their newest studies last month at a meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. The latest evidence sho

28、ws that being bilingual (双语的)does not necessarily make people smarter. But researcher Ellen Bialystock says it probably does make you better at certain skills. She says bilingual people are often better at controlling their attentiona function called the executive(执行的)control system. Ms Bialystock i

29、s a psychology professor at York University in Toronto, Canada. She says the best method to measure the executive control system is called the Stroop Test. A person is shown words in different colors. The person has to ignore the word but say the color. The problem is that the words are all names of

30、 colors. Her work shows that bilingual people continually practice this function. They have to, because both languages are active in their brain at the same time. They need to limit one to be able to speak in the other. This mental exercise might help in other ways, too. Researchers say bilingual ch

31、ildren are better able to separate a word from its meaning, and more likely to have friends from different cultures. Bilingual adults are often four to five years later than others in developing dementia or Alzheimers disease. Foreign language study has increased in the United States. But linguist A

32、lison Mackey at Georgetown University points out that English-speaking countries are still far behind the rest of the world. In England, like in the United States, bilingualism is seen as something special and unique and something to be commented on and perhaps work towards, while in many other part

33、s of the world being bilingual is just seen as a natural part of life. 【语篇概述】根据研究, 学习双语的人在某些方面会具有优势。 1. Being bilingual can make people _. A. smarter than othersB. better at all skillsC. better at controlling their attentionD. higher in intelligence【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第二段可知, 学双语的人不一定比别人更聪明, 但是在某些技能方面可能会做

34、得更好。在控制他们的注意力方面学双语的人就做得比较好。2. Bilingual children more likely to _. A. be healthier than othersB. make more friends from different countriesC. develop dementia or Alzheimers diseaseD. recognize a word from its meaning【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第五段第二句话“Researchers say bilingual children are better able to separat

35、e a word from its meaning, and more likely to have friends from different cultures. ”可知, 学双语的孩子更可能与不同文化的人交朋友。A项文中没有提及; C项是对原文的曲解; D项应该是“separate a word from its meaning”才正确。3. The last paragraph suggests that _. A. bilingualism is just seen as a natural part of life in the United StatesB. foreign la

36、nguage study needs improving in English-speaking countriesC. bilingualism is seen as something special and unique all over the worldD. English-speaking countries do better than others in foreign language study【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据最后一段“. . . English-speaking countries are still far behind the rest of the w

37、orld. ”可知, 说英语的国家在外语学习方面落后于世界其他地方, 所以需要提高。同时也说明D项是错误的。根据最后一句“. . . in many other parts of the world being bilingual is just seen as a natural part of life. ”可知A和C项错误。4. The text is most probably a _. A. science fiction storyB. newspaper adC. book reviewD. science news report【解析】选D。推理判断题。整篇文章讲的是根据研究说双语的人在某些方面可能会具有优势。所以这篇文章该是一份科学新闻报告。