2020人教版高中英语课堂同步选修8学案 UNIT 3　INVENTORS AND INVENTIONS WORD版含答案.doc

1、三言两语1.The journey to outer space and other planets is not a dream any more.2Modern medicine prolongs peoples life and relieves patients of sufferings from many diseases.3However，the process of scientific development also arouses many severe problems to our human beings.1.科技的发展使得我们的生活更加舒适、方便。The deve

2、lopment of science and technology makes our life more comfortable and convenient.2如果非要放弃其中之一的话，我会选择关闭电视而不会关闭手机或切断网络。If I had to give up one of them, I would turn off the TV rather than switch off my cellphone or cut off the Internet.单词拼写应用核心单词1.distinguish vi.&vt.显示的差别； 使有所不同； 辨别2seize vt.抓住； 捉住；夺3b

3、ear vt.忍受；忍耐；负担4claim n& vt.要求；声称；主张5forehead n额头6tap vt.&vi.轻打；轻拍；轻敲 n轻轻地敲击(声)；(水)龙头7merry adj.愉快的；高兴的8practical adj.实际的；实践的；实用的9invaluable adj.无价的；极宝贵的10product n产品语境运用用所给词的适当形式填空1In my opinion，only by facing difficulties bravely and seizing (seize) opportunities can one succeed.2Your suggestion s

4、ounds reasonable and practical (practice)I think it deserves to be discussed at the next meeting.3The country is at peace and the people go merrily_(merry)to their work.4The suspect tapped (tap) the table nervously with fingers to hide his fear inside.5Hes too young to_distinguish(distinguish) right

5、 from wrong，and needs your guidance.拓展单词1.mercy n宽恕；仁慈merciful adj.宽大的；慈悲的；仁慈的merciless adj.残忍的；无情的 2convenient adj.便利的；方便的；就近的convenience n方便；便利3caution n小心；谨慎cautious adj.小心的；谨慎的cautiously adv.小心地；谨慎地4expect v预料；期待；期望；认为expectation n预料；期待；期望 5recognize vt.认出；识别；承认recognition n认出；认可；承认 6freeze v冰冻f

6、reezing adj.冰冻的；严寒的_frozen adj.冻结的7innocent adj.清白的；天真的；无罪的innocence n天真；清白8occasion n时机；机会；场合occasional adj.偶然的 occasionally adv.偶然地；不时地9associate vt.联想；联系 n同伴；伙伴association n联系；联盟；协会10abrupt adj.突然的；意外的abruptly adv.突然地；唐突地语境运用用所给词的适当形式填空1He is a cautious man and is always doing things with caution

7、You should get on with him cautiously(caution)2You can visit Professor Li when it is convenient,_that is, at his convenience(convenient)3In western countries, the number “thirteen” is usually associated with bad luck, but actually there isnt any association between them.(associate)4He is such a merc

8、iful man and always has mercy on those homeless animals but sometimes he can be merciless to those he doesnt like.(mercy) 5The dog wagged its tail in expectation of a bone but was expected to go out.(expect)6It is freezing outside now, and more snow is falling on already frozen streets.(freeze)阅读单词1

9、.patent n专利证书；专利权2stable adj. 稳固的；_稳定的；_安定的3cube n立方体；立方4passive adj.被动的；消极的；被动语态的5.valid adj.有效的；确凿的6ripe adj.熟的；成熟的7rainfall n降雨8jam n堵塞；阻塞；果酱9dynamic adj.充满活力的；精力充沛的；动态的；发展变化的10version n版本；译本petence n能力；胜任；本领12personnel n人力资源；人事部；全体人员13string n线；绳子；一串14file n文件；档案；文件夹vt.提交；将归档15identification n鉴定

10、；辨认；确定；身份证明1(2019全国卷)The likables playswellwithothers qualities strengthen schoolyard friendships, jumpstart interpersonal skills and, when tapped early, are employed ever after in life and work.开放，发掘2(2018全国卷)He turned up at the hospital bearing gifts for the new mother Lindsey and her baby boy.携带短

11、语多维应用高频短语1.call up给打电话；使想起2now and then偶尔；有时3dive into一心投入；迅速把手伸入4ring off挂断电话5hang on不挂断；稍等；紧紧握住语境运用(填入一个适当的词)Xiao Ming always dreams of inventing a new mobile phone that doesnt do harm to peoples eyes.He dives into his dreaming invention after school every day.Now and then he calls up to consult h

12、is science teacher on some questions.His teacher never ringsoff until Xiao Ming gets a satisfying answer.6.set about doing开始；着手(做)7set out (to do)开始(做)8out of order次序颠倒；发生故障9get through设法联系上(尤指打通电话)；(设法)做完；通过；度过10ring back回复电话语境运用(填入一个适当的词)Last year，Xiao Ming set about designing his new mobile phone

13、 after he figured out all the puzzling problems.He did get through a lot of pains during his work.To his regret，the phone he is using now is often out of order，especially when he rings others backHow he hopes to invent his new phone earlier！ 句式结构仿写教材原句背诵句式仿写应用1.so .that .引导结果状语从句The criteria are so

14、strict that it is difficult to get new ideas accepted unless they are truly novel.她那么努力以至于英语取得了很大的进步。She is so hardworking that she has made great progress in English.2.祈使句and/or陈述句Follow it up，explore all around it，and before you know it，you will have something worth thinking about to occupy your m

15、ind.(2018浙江卷)给我一次机会，我决不会辜负你的期望。Give me a chance, and Ill live up to your expectations.1.distinguish vi.& vt.辨别；显示的差别；使有所不同(1)distinguish between.and.区分/辨别和distinguish.from.把与区分开来(2)distinguished adj.卓越的；著名的；杰出的distinguish between good and evil分清善恶 distinguish facts from rumours辨别事实和传闻distinguish him

16、self by winning 4 prizes因获得4个奖项而名声大噪基础练习单句语法填空Reading good books enriches our mind and teaches us to distinguish(distinguish) between right and wrong.(2019北京卷) This task interdependence distinguishes baseball from football and basketball.(2018浙江卷)No one will ever know what mix of talent, ambition, e

17、nergy and luck made Dickens such a distinguished (distinguish) writer.链接写作句式升级(普通表达)The Chinese Nation which is distinguished for its diligence and courage has attracted the attention from the world.(高级表达)Distinguished for its diligence and courage, the Chinese Nation has attracted the attention fro

18、m the world.(过去分词短语作状语)2.bear(bore，borne) vt.忍受；忍耐；负担；生育(1)cant bear sb.doing/to do sth.不能忍受(某人)做某事(2)bear/keep sth.in mind 记住某事bear/keep in mind that.记住bear your weight承受重量bear a heavy burden承担重任bear the responsibility/blame承担责任基础练习单句语法填空Do parents have to bear(bear) the whole cost of tuition fees?

19、Bearing (bear) a heavy burden, she has to work hard to bring up her children.Why did Bob cry?He couldnt bear being laughed/to be laughed (laugh) at before the whole class.链接写作词汇升级(普通表达) (福建卷)My mother often reminds me to remember that failure is the mother of success.(高级表达)My mother often reminds me

20、 to bear/keep in mind that failure is the mother of success.名师点津bear 作“忍受”讲时，其后跟动名词作宾语，表示习惯性的动作；也可接不定式作宾语，表示某一次具体动作，且多与can, could或be able to连用。3.associate vt.联想；联系 n同伴；伙伴(1)associate sb./sth.with sb./sth.把和联系在一起be associated with.和有关(2)association n联合；联想；交往；协会；团体in association with.与合伙/合作business as

21、sociates生意伙伴an associate editor/professor副主编/副教授基础练习单句语法填空(2019全国卷)Just as importantly, we tend to associate fresh air with health care.(江苏卷)Team leaders must ensure that all members get over their natural desire to avoid the embarrassment associated (associate) with making mistakes.We are working i

22、n association (associate) with a local company to raise money for the homeless.链接写作一句多译有很多严重的健康问题与吸烟有关。There are many serious health problems which are associated with smoking(定语从句)There are many serious health problems associated with smoking(分词短语作定语)4.call up 给打电话；使回忆起call at 拜访(某个地点)call on/upon

23、拜访(某人)；号召call for 需求；需要；去接(某人)call in 邀请；请来基础练习单句语法填空(2018江苏卷)Developing the Yangtze River Economic Belt is a systematic project which calls for a clear road map and timetable.(湖北卷)As I grew up in a small town at the foot of a mountain, the visit to the village called up scenes of my childhood.(江西卷)

24、The Ministry of Education calls on/upon students to exercise for an hour every day.链接写作完成句子(山东卷)关于友谊的这句谚语使我想起了去年我经历的一件难忘的事。The saying concerning friendship calls up one unforgettable thing that I went through last year.名师点津 与“打电话”有关的短语：ring up给打电话；ring/call back回复电话；ring off 挂断电话；give sb.a ring/call

25、 给某人打电话；hang/hold on不挂断电话。5.get through 设法联系上(尤指打通电话)；(设法)做完；通过；度过；用完；耗尽get across 被理解；使人了解get away with 被放过；受到从轻发落get down to 着手认真做某事get over 克服get on 进展；进步get in 收获基础练习写出下列句中get through的含义(湖北卷)Ive been trying to phone Charles all evening，but there must be something wrong with the network；I cant se

26、em to get through.打通电话Luckily，the gap in the fence was just wide enough for the sheep to get through.通过The little boy got through all his money in just one week and had to ask his mom for some more.用光Lets startthere is a lot to get through.完成链接写作完成句子(江西卷)不管怎样，我们现在在这儿，那就让我们着手做些要紧的活吧。Anyway, were here

27、 now, so lets get down to some serious work(重庆卷)当我们陷入困境时，我们的朋友总会伸出援助之手， 帮助我们渡过难关。Our friends lend us a hand when we are in trouble and help us get through difficult situations名师点津常考的“动词through”短语：go through检查；经历；look through浏览；仔细查看；break through突破(障碍)；pass through经过；路过6. 教材佳句Follow it up，explore all

28、 around it，and before you know it，you will have something worth thinking about to occupy your mind.跟随它，在它的周围探索，不知不觉中，你将有值得考虑的某些东西占据你的大脑。句法句式本句为“祈使句and/or陈述句”句型。该句型中的祈使句相当于一个if引导的条件状语从句，and/or之后的句子相当于主句，所以用一般将来时。(1)“祈使句and陈述句”表示祈使句与后面的句子是顺承关系。(2)“祈使句or/or else/otherwise陈述句”相当于“if否定条件状语从句主句”。(3)“名词词组a

29、nd陈述句”也有上述句式功能，名词词组中常含有more，another等词。金句推送 (天津卷)Give me a chance, and Ill give you a wonderful surprise.给我一个机会，我会给你一个惊喜。基础练习单句语法填空a.(湖南卷)Close the door of fear behind you, and you will see the door of faith open before you.bFollow your teachers advice, or youll be left behind by your classmates.cA b

30、it more effort, I think, and you will settle the problem.(2018北京卷)In any unsafe situation, simply press the button and a highlytrained agent will get(get) you the help you need.链接写作一句多译充分利用各种条件，我们就能取得成功。Make the most of all kinds of conditions, and we will achieve success.(祈使句)If you make the most o

31、f all kinds of conditions, we will achieve success.(if从句)Making the most of all kinds of conditions, we will achieve success.(分词短语作状语)多维训练夯实基础维度1用所给词的正确形式填空1The speech mainly deals with the trouble young children have distinguishing (distinguish) between right and wrong.2(2019湖北枣阳模考)While there are

32、many positive developments associated(associate) with the Internet, there are also certain fears and concerns.3As soon as she got into the classroom, she set about preparing (prepare)for the lessons.4Read this story, and you will realize(realize) that not everything can be bought with money.5The fat

33、her as well as his three children goes skating on the frozen (freeze) river every Sunday afternoon in winter.维度2在空白处填入一个适当的词6Please bear in mind that success comes from hard work while laziness leads to failure.7Your letter calls up the days when we worked together on the farms fifteen years ago.8(湖

34、南卷)I couldnt get through to Hannah.Her brother was talking on the phone all the time!9Dont be discouraged.Take things as they are and you will enjoy every day of your like.10I checked the files and some of the papers were out of order.You had better sort them out.维度3查缺补漏11He took measures to make up

35、 his fault, which received our recognition(recognize)12He is always so busy with his work that he has no choice but to go to see his parents occasionally (occasional)13We hope that you will accept our invitation if it is convenient(convenience) for you.14The new government must set out to find (find

36、) solutions to the countrys economic problems.15We all have an expectation (expect) that we can be admitted to our own ideal universities.语篇练习提升能力提能一单元话题语篇练根据P2021教材课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 When the writer called 1.up her mother in the countryside on the phone, she learned that snakes came near

37、 their house and that they seemed 2.to have made(make) their home near their house.The writer considered it a chance for her 3.to distinguish(distinguish) herself by 4.inventing(invent) something merciful that would catch snakes but not harm them.She set about 5.researching(research) the habits of s

38、nakes.She decided to cool them so that they could be 6.easily(easy) caught.7.However, her first two plans were not successful.As a result, she had to attempt 8.a third time, which helped her fulfill her aim 9.successfully (successful)She was so delighted that she was 10.determined(determine) to send

39、 her invention to the patent office to get recognition for her successful idea.提能二单元话题写作练1补全要点句(加黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)Philip先生是一个谨慎的美国蔬菜水果商，他发明了一款新式的自行车。Mr.Philip was a cautious American greengrocer.He invented a new style of bike.他给专利局打电话为他的新产品申请专利。不久，他就获得了专利。He called up the patent office to apply for a

40、 patent for his new product.Soon, he got the patent for his new product.但是，后来在实际使用过程中，他发现他的新产品没有达到标准。But later he found his new product didnt live up to the criteria in the process of practical use.他开始抓住机会来改善他的新式自行车。He began to seize the chance to improve his new bike.他忍受了别人的指责，期望自己的产品能经受得住检验。He bor

41、e others blame and was in the expectation that his new product could bear the test这样，他的收入得到了稳定的增长。In this way, his income had a stable increase2升级平淡句(1)用定语从句升级句Mr. Philip was a cautious American greengrocer who invented a new style of bike(2)用本单元词汇替换句中的began toHe set about seizing the chance to impr

42、ove his new bike.3衔接成美文(注意利用适当的过渡衔接词汇：at once)Mr. Philip was a cautious American greengrocer who invented a new style of bike. At once, he called up the patent office to apply for a patent for his new product. Soon, he got the patent for his new product. But later he found his new product didnt live up to the criteria in the process of practical use. He set about seizing the chance to improve his new bike. He bore others blame and was in the expectation that his new product could bear the test. In this way, his income had a stable increase.