2022高考英语人教版一轮总复习学案：必修1 UNIT 5　NELSON MANDELA—A MODERN HERO WORD版含答案.doc

1、(一)高频重点词汇分类记忆，用时少，功效高.阅读词汇读懂默想下面单词的词性及含义，不会的在中做出标记并核对识记。1.mean2.invader3.republic4.principle5.relative6.easygoing7.lawyer8.fee9.quote10.release11.blanket12.terror13.league14.antiblack自主核对区1adj.吝啬的；自私的；卑鄙的2.n.侵略者3.n.共和国；共和政体4.n.法则；原则；原理5.n.亲戚；亲属 6.adj.随和的；温和宽容的7.n.律师8.n.费(会费、学费等)；酬金9.n.引用语；语录10.vt.释放

2、；发行11.n.毛毯；毯子12.n.恐怖；可怕的人；恐怖时期；恐怖活动13.n.同盟；联盟；联合会14.adj. 反黑人的.核心词汇练通1quality n质量；品质；性质2beg vi.请求；乞求3stage n.舞台；阶段；时期4opinion n.意见；看法；主张5reward n.报酬；奖金vt.酬劳；奖赏6found vt.建立；建设7attack vt.进攻；攻击；抨击8escape vi.& vt.逃脱；逃走；避开9vote vt.& vi.投票；选举n.投票；选票；表决10youth n.青年；青年时期11sentence vt.判决；宣判12._president n.总统；

3、会长；校长；行长13generous adj.慷慨的；大方的14warmhearted adj.热心肠的15mankind n.人类语境活用根据汉语意思填写单词1Great people have lots of good qualities(品质), such as honesty, selflessness and independence.2There is no denying that China is playing an important role on the international political stage(舞台)3Thanks to your generous(

4、慷慨的) help, I do believe that I will have a better understanding of your country and culture.4They managed to escape(逃脱) from the burning building by breaking down the door.5Little John hardly got anything in reward(报答) for his kind act, which made him unhappy.6In that film, the character is convicte

5、d (定罪) of a crime and sentenced(判决) to three years in prison.7We may have different opinions(看法) in organizing class activities, so we have to discuss them face to face.拓展词汇用活1guide vt.指导guidance n指导；领导2violent adj.暴力的；猛烈的violence n暴力；暴行3cruel adj.残忍的；残酷的cruelty n残忍；残酷4equal adj.相等的；平等的equally adv.平

6、等地equality n平等5active adj.积极的；活跃的actively adv.积极地；活跃地activity n活动6devote vt.(与to连用)献身；专心于devotion n奉献；献身；忠诚devoted adj.忠实的；深爱的7educate vt.教育；训练educated adj.受过教育的；有教养的education n教育educator n教育者8peace n和平；平静；和睦peaceful adj.和平的；平静的；安宁的peacefully adv.和平地；平静地9self n自我；自身selfish adj.自私的selfless adj.无私的；忘我

7、的selflessly adv.无私地；忘我地10legal adj.法律的；依照法律的反义词illegal adj.非法的，违法的11unfair adj.不公正的；不公平的fair adj.公正的；公平的12willing adj.乐意的；自愿的反义词unwilling adj.不情愿的；不乐意的13hope v希望；期待 n希望；期望hopeless adj.绝望的hopeful adj.怀有希望的；有希望的hopefully adv.有希望地；有前途地语境活用用所给词的适当形式填空1(2020浙江卷7月满分作文)Under your expert guidance(guide), we

8、 have had a better command of English than before and have achieved satisfactory results in recent examinations.2(2018江苏卷)Hopefully(hope) in 2025 we will no longer be emailing each other, for we will have developed more convenient electronic communication tools by then.3(全国卷)Bruce Pederson says the

9、idea is for people not to be selfish(self) by keeping a book to gather dust on a shelf at home.4All men are born equal,_so everyone hopes to be treated equally because equality is the basic demand.(equal)5China is known to be a peaceful country. Its been a model of peace in the world. (peace)6In ord

10、er to give her a good education,_her parents sent her to a famous school to be educated(educate)7Bethune, a devoted friend of Chinese, devoted his life to helping Chinese. I really respect his devotion to medical work.(devote)8Mr.Zhang asked us to be well prepared before attending the class and take

11、 an active part in discussions.We discuss actively in class and create a lively atmosphere.(active)(二)高频短语串记记牢用活，不枯燥，兴趣高单元短语再现1out_of_work失业2as_a_matter_of_fact事实上3in_ones_opinion/view在某人看来4turn_to求助于；致力于5lose_heart丧失勇气或信心6come_to_power当权；上台7set_up设立；建立8in_trouble在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中9be_willing_to_do_s

12、th.愿意做某事10fight_for为而战11be_sentenced_to被判处(徒刑)12blow_up使充气；爆炸语境活用选用左栏短语填空1In modern society, many people often turn_to the Internet for help when they run into problems.2It was in the company which was set_up by Mr.Green that Jack got his first job. 3Henry has been out_of_work for three months, duri

13、ng which his father offers him a lot of help.4True friends can help you a great deal whenever you are in_trouble5Johnson was_sentenced_to ten years in prison for what he had done and he will be 30 years old when he was set free.6We had got to blow_up the bridge so that the enemy wouldnt catch up wit

14、h us soon.会积累(日积月累，联想发散)1.百年大计，“教育”为本educate vt.教育；训练education n.教育instruct vt.指导；教授drill v.训练；练习train vt.训练；培养bring up养育；教育2.“奖；奖赏”家族reward vt.酬劳；奖赏n.报酬；奖金award vt.授予；奖给n.奖品；奖金prize n.奖金；奖品bonus n.奖金；红利3.“inn.”短语面面观in return作为回报in vain徒劳地 in order井然有序 in place在适当的位置in detail详细地in turn依次；轮流地(三)重点句型仿

15、写背熟巧用，造佳句，表达高背佳句明句型巧仿写However, this was a time when one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg.然而在那个时候，一个人要想住在约翰内斯堡就非得要有身份证不可。“this is/was a time when.”意为“这是一个的时期”1.那是一个妇女被轻视而没有权利接受教育的时代。 That_was_a_time_when_women_were_looked_down_upon and had no right to receive education.The last thir

16、ty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺我们的权利，阻挡我们的进步，一直到今天，我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。拟人修辞法；where引导定语从句修饰表示抽象概念的名词2.矗立在天安门前的两只石狮见证了许多伟大的历史事件。The two stone lions standing in fron

17、t of Tiananmen saw_many_great_historic_events.我们到了这样一个阶段：为了拯救我们自己，我们必须采取有效措施来保护环境。We have_reached_a_stage_where we must take effective measures to protect the environment so as to save ourselves.only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.只有到那个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。only修饰状语放在句首，句子用部分倒装3.(2020

18、新高考山东卷满分作文)当约翰拿出带来的物品时，伯纳德(Bernard)才意识到发生了什么。Only when John took out what he carried did_Bernard_realize_what_was_happening.I felt bad the first time I talked to a group.第一次给旅行团作讲解时， 我的心情很不好。“the first time”意为“第一次”，引导时间状语从句4.他们第一次参观科技馆的时候，就对看到的所有事物产生了很大的兴趣。The_first_time_they_visited_the_Science_Mus

19、eum，they showed great interest in everything they saw. devotevt.(与to连用)献身；专心于先练会单句语法填空(2019浙江卷6月满分作文)I still remember what you have devoted to improving(improve) my oral English and writing skills.We expressed our gratitude to the people devoted(devote) to protecting the ecology in the area.We have

20、learned a great deal from her devotion(devote) to her work and her willingness to help others.再写美补全句子/句式升级(普通表达)Jane devotes_herself_to_teaching(致力于教育) the deaf children and she has little time to care for her own daughter.(高级表达)Devoting_herself_to_teaching_the_deaf_children,_Jane has little time to

21、 care for her own daughter.(现在分词短语作状语)(高级表达)Devoted_to_teaching_the_deaf_children,_Jane has little time to care for her own daughter.(过去分词短语作状语)(1)devote.to.把奉献给；专注于devote oneself to致力于；献身于(2)devoted adj.忠实的；深爱的be devoted to专心于；致力于(3)devotion n.奉献；献身；忠诚 佳句背诵 She devoted all her life to carrying out

22、the research on the Dream of Red Mansion, which is a masterpiece of classical Chinese literature.她一生致力于红楼梦的研究，该书是一部中国古典文学名著。名师点津 devote.to.中的to是介词，其后常接名词、代词或动词ing形式作宾语。 equalv等于；抵得上adj.相等的；平等的；胜任的n同等的人；相等的物先练会单句语法填空In my opinion, he is equal to accomplishing(accomplish) the tough task, for no one eq

23、uals(equal) him. In other words, he is without equal.(2019全国卷)Your personal circumstances are equally(equal) important. 再写美一句多译(2019全国卷满分作文)我可以做一名志愿者，带领参观者参观画廊，我确信我能胜任这项工作。 I can serve as a volunteer to guide the visitors round the gallery and I am convinced that I_am_equal_to_the_job. I can serve a

24、s a volunteer to guide the visitors round the gallery and I hold the firm belief that I_am_fit_for/qualified_for the job.(1)be equal to (doing) sth.等于/胜任(做)某事A equal(s) B in.A在方面比得上B/与B相匹敌have no equal无人可比，无可匹敌without equal无敌；无与伦比(2)equality n.平等equally adv.相等地；同等地 佳句背诵 You should be positive and ch

25、eerful, for your mental health is equal to your physical health.你应该积极向上和开心，因为你的心理健康和身体健康同等重要。名师点津 表示“胜任”的其他常见表达：(1)be up to; (2)be fit for; (3)be qualified for escapevi.& vt.逃脱；逃走；避开；被忘掉；被忽视n逃跑；逃走先练会单句语法填空/猜测加黑词的含义It is said that he narrowly escaped being_killed(kill) in the traffic accident the oth

26、er day.Compared with the escaped(escape) driver, I am proud of what I did.It was owing to my ignorance that his name escaped me.被遗忘再写美补全句子/句式升级(普通表达)The woman managed to escape_from_the_fire(逃离火灾) with her baby.She was extremely terrified and exhausted.(高级表达)The woman managed to escape_from_the_fire

27、 with her baby, extremely_terrified_and_exhausted. (形容词作状语)(1)escape (doing) sth.逃避(做)某事escape from.从逃脱；逃避escape ones attention/notice逃过某人的注意(2)a narrow escape九死一生；死里逃生(3)escaped adj.逃跑了的 佳句背诵 Last year I had a narrow escape，so I dont want to risk my life a second time.去年我死里逃生，因此我不想再去冒生命危险了。名师点津 “不一

28、样的”忘记，遗忘：(1)sth. escape(s) sb.某人遗忘某事(2)sb. forget(s) sth.某人忘记某事 rewardn报酬；奖金vt.酬劳；奖赏先练会单句语法填空Everyone who reached the top of Mount Tai was_rewarded(reward) with a beautiful view.(2020全国卷满分作文)Every one of us considered the picking both meaningful and rewarding(reward)再写美一句多译我非常乐意带你游玩北京以报答你的慷慨相助。Im mo

29、re than willing to show you around Beijing in_reward_for_your_generous_help(reward n)Im more than willing to show you around Beijing as_a_reward_for_your_generous_help(reward n)Im more than willing to show you around Beijing to_reward_you_for_your_generous_help(reward vt.)(1)as a reward for作为(对某事的)报

30、酬/奖赏in reward for为酬谢；作为的奖励(2)reward sb.with.for sth.因为某事而用酬谢某人(3)rewarding adj.值得的；有益的；有意义的 佳句背诵 You mentioned that you could teach me English as a reward, which is exactly what I want. 你提到你可以教我英语作为回报，这恰恰是我想要的。 in trouble在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中；有麻烦先练会单句语法填空If you are in trouble, Mike is always willing to

31、lend you a hand.Whenever we have trouble with our studies, our teachers always help us patiently.You cant imagine the trouble I had persuading(persuade) him to change his mind.再写美微写作(2019全国卷满分作文)我英语掌握得很好，因此我在和尊贵的客人进行有效交流时没有任何困难。I have a good command of English. Therefore, I have_no_trouble_in_commun

32、icating with our distinguished guests efficiently.ask for trouble 自找麻烦；自讨苦吃get into trouble陷入困境；惹麻烦have trouble (in) doing sth./with sth.在(做)某事方面有困难/麻烦take the trouble to do sth.不辞辛苦做某事 佳句背诵 As is known to us all, if we are in trouble, it is not our phones but our friends that can really help us out

33、.众所周知，如果我们陷入困境，是朋友而不是手机可以真正地帮助我们摆脱困境。 turn to求助于；致力于；开始从事；翻到(书的某页)；查阅；转向先练会写出下列句中turn to的含义(2020新高考山东卷)He turned to the forest department for help but was told that nothing would grow there. 求助于After he left university he became a teacher, but later turned to journalism.开始从事Dont always turn to the d

34、ictionary when you come across a new word.查阅Follow the main road until it branches and then turn to the left.转向再写美词汇升级(普通表达)However, when it is something beyond my competence, I ask my classmates or teachers for help.(高级表达)However, when it is something beyond my competence, I turn_to my classmates o

35、r teachers.turn down关小；拒绝turn away避开；解雇；不准入内turn up出现；露面；调大turn out证明是，结果是；赶走；生产turn over打翻；翻身；移交 佳句背诵 (1)I couldnt quite believe my luckit turned out no one got badly hurt, but the outcome could have been awful. 我简直不敢相信我的运气结果没人受重伤，但结果本来可能会很糟糕。(2020浙江卷7月)(2)Tom had to turn down the invitation to the

36、 party last weekend because he was too busy.汤姆因为太忙，不得不拒绝上周末的聚会邀请。 拟人修辞法；where引导定语从句修饰表示抽象概念的名词(教材P34)The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺我们的权利，阻挡我们的进步，一

37、直到今天，我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。先练会单句语法填空(2018全国卷满分作文)Our school has_witnessed(witness) great changes in the last few years. (2019天津卷)Their child is at the stage where she can say individual words but not full sentences.Its helpful to put children in a situation where they can see themselves differently.再写美句

38、式升级(普通表达)Today, well discuss a number of cases. In such cases beginners of English fail to use the language properly in the cases.(高级表达)Today, well discuss a number of cases where/in_which_beginners_of_English_fail_to_use_the_language_properly. (定语从句)(1)see、 witness等动词可以用表示时代、年代、世纪或地点的名词作主语，表示某时或某地“

39、目睹、发生、经历”了某事；(2)当先行词是stage、 point、 case、 situation、 position、 job、 business、 scene等表示抽象地点的名词，并且定语从句缺状语时，常用关系副词where来引导定语从句，相当于in which。 佳句背诵 (1)The last two decades have witnessed the impressive growth of Chinas economy.过去的二十年目睹了中国经济突飞猛进地增长。(2)Now their peace talks have reached a key stage where one

40、 side must give in to the other.现在他们的和平会谈到了一个关键阶段，彼此双方必须相互妥协。 only修饰状语放在句首，句子用部分倒装(教材P34).only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.只有到那个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。 先练会补全句子Only by understanding and learning from each other can_we_spend_those_days_together_happily(我们才能一起开心地度过那些日子)She couldnt get

41、in touch with her friend Mary any longer. Only then did_she_realize(她才意识到) how easy it was to lose a close friend.再写美一句多译(2018全国卷满分作文)只有当你来到中国时，你才能体验中国的饮食文化。Only when you come to China can_you_experience_Chinese_food_culture(部分倒装)It_is_only_when_you_come_to_China_that you can experience Chinese food

42、 culture.(强调句型)(1)条件：only置于句首修饰状语(通常是副词、介词短语或状语从句等)时，句子需要部分倒装；(2)结构：only状语助动词/情态动词/系动词be主语其他。 佳句背诵 Only when I won the first prize in the spoken English contest did I realize it was important to have a good command of spoken English.只有当我在英语口语比赛中获得一等奖时我才意识到精通英语口语的重要性。(2018浙江卷6月满分作文)名师点津 only置于句首修饰主语时

43、不用倒装。 Only about one in ten places offered him food that would otherwise be discarded.只有大约十分之一的地方愿意给他提供即将丢弃的食物。(2019浙江卷6月) “the first time”意为“第一次”，引导时间状语从句(教材P38)I felt bad the first time I talked to a group.第一次给旅行团作讲解时，我的心情很不好。先练会选词填空(for the first time/the first time)/补全句子Naturally, you felt nervo

44、us when you went on the platform for_the_first_time(2018全国卷)The_first_time I went there, they were living in a small house with dogs, ducks, and other animals.(全国卷)I remember you showed me some photos on that theme the_last_time_you_visited_our_school(你上次参观我们学校的时候)再写美句型转换He became interested in the

45、young teachers lesson when he attended his class for the first time.He became interested in the young teachers lesson the_first_time he attended his class.(1)each/every time每次的时候next time下次时the last time上次时(2) 佳句背诵 I still remember that the first time we met at school, you were reading in the classr

46、oom.我仍旧记得我们在学校第一次见面的时候，你正在教室里读书。名师点津 (1)the first time意为“第一次”，在句中可作宾语、表语，还可以用作连词，引导时间状语从句；(2)for the first time意为“第一次”，独立作状语，不引导从句。提能训练一阅读理解障碍词.语境辨义根据语境写出加黑词的词性及含义1(2020全国卷)In order to release the pressure, I went to Xingxing Farm to pick some oranges together with my classmates last weekend. v释放2(2

47、019北京卷)Although she founded her company early on in life, she wasnt driven primarily by profit. v创办3(2019江苏卷)The bone structure of our ancestors developed for millions of years to support a creature that walked on all fours and had a relatively small head.adv.相对地.熟词生义根据语境写出加黑词的词性及含义1(2020全国卷)Sponsor

48、 book fairs. n展销会2(2019全国卷)A lunchtime escape allows her to keep a boss from tapping her on the shoulder. She returns to work feeling energized. n休息3Little joy can equal that of a surprising ending when you read stories. vt.等于；抵得上.一词多义根据语境选出mean的词性及含义Aadj.自私的；吝啬的Badj.卑鄙的Cvt.意欲；打算Dvt.意味着1(2020浙江卷7月)

49、New methods meant that fewer people worked in farming. D2I had meant to buy some butter, but I forgot about it. C3(2019全国卷)I was the queen of the playground. Then came my tweens and teens, and mean girls and cool kids. A4In my view, it is mean to speak ill of others. B提能训练二微语法填空短文中黑体部分为本单元核心词汇和重点句式，

50、 请按照要求填好短文， 并背诵体会黑体部分的用法。In my poinion, being active, hardworking and willing to help others are 1.qualities(quality) of a great person.Gandhi fought for freedom in a 2.peaceful(peace) way. Mandela worked as an 3.educated(educate) lawyer to offer legal guidance to the poor black people 4.in trouble

51、or out of work. He believed that all are born equal and should be treated 5.equally(equal), so everyone shouldnt lose heart. But the black suffered 6.cruelty(cruel) and terror, and even reached a stage 7.where many begged for food from their relatives. He set up the ANC Youth League. He was 8.hopefu

52、l(hope) about equal rights but failed. He decided to answer violence with violence. In 1964, he 9.was_sentenced(sentence) to prison for life on Robben Island where no one could escape. In 1994, he came to power as president and he 10.was_rewarded(reward) with the Nobel Peace Prize.提能训练三用本单元词汇、句式和语法知

53、识写满分作文你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请以身边值得尊敬和爱戴的人为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：人物简介；尊敬和爱戴的原因。1补全要点句(黑体部分请用本单元所学词汇)我们身边有很多值得尊敬的人。我最尊敬的人是李兰娟，一位中国医学领域的女科学家。There are many respectable people around us. And the person I_respect_most_is_Li_Lanjuan,_a Chinese woman scientist in the field of medicine.第一次听说她时，她全心全意为人民服务的精神感动了我。The_first_t

54、ime_I_heard_of_her,_I was moved by her devotion to serving people heart and soul.当新冠肺炎袭击武汉时，既不知道病因，也不知道如何治疗，武汉人民处于极大的困境。When COVID 19 attacked Wuhan, neither its cause nor cure was understood. People_in_Wuhan_were_in_great_trouble直到李兰娟和许多医疗救援队赶到，疫情才得以控制。The epidemic situation was controlled only_whe

55、n_Li_Lanjuan_and_many_medical_rescue_teams_arrived事实上，她在医学领域的贡献是无与伦比的。As_a_matter_of_fact,_her contributions to the medicine field have_no_equal是她的奉献精神和责任感让我钦佩她。Her devotion and the sense of responsibility make_me_admire_her她为我们树立了一个好榜样，完全值得我们尊敬。Having_set_a_great_example_to_us,_she fully deserves o

56、ur respect. 什么也报答不了她对科学的贡献。Nothing could reward_her_contributions_to_science2升级平淡句用倒装句升级句Only_when_Li_Lanjuan_and_many_medical_rescue_teams_arrived_was_the_epidemic_situation_controlled.用强调句升级句Its_her_devotion_and_the_sense_of_responsibility_that_make_me_admire_her._3衔接成美文(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：so, in my op

57、inion)One possible version：There are many respectable people around us. And the person I respect most is Li Lanjuan, a Chinese woman scientist in the field of medicine. The first time I heard of her, I was moved by her devotion to serving people heart and soul. When COVID 19 attacked Wuhan, neither

58、its cause nor cure was understood, so people in Wuhan were in great trouble. Only when Li Lanjuan and many medical rescue teams arrived was the epidemic situation controlled. As a matter of fact, her contributions to the medicine field have no equal. Its her devotion and the sense of responsibility that make me admire her. Having set a great example to us, she fully deserves our respect. In my opinion, nothing could reward her contributions to science.17