2021高考英语精准大一轮复习新高考外研专用精炼：课时提能练5 必修1　MODULE 5　A LESSON IN A LAB WORD版含答案.doc

1、课时提能练(五) 必修1Module 5A Lesson in a Lab课时作业A：基础层面.单句语法填空1Twenty students want to attend the class that aims to teach(teach) how to read fast.2I listened to his adventure with a mixture(mix) of amusement and disbelief.3The business has expanded(expand) from having one office to having twelve so far.4Th

2、e conclusion(conclude), I think, he drew from his simple experiment is not scientific.5Sadness is a normal reaction(react) to lifes struggles, setbacks, and disappointments.选词成篇in the area of，find out，used to，keep out ofI 1.used to take part in voluntary work at a childrens hospital in my hometown,

3、where I learned that a child is less likely to be born with disease if its pregnant mother changes her eating habits.I 2.found out that food preservatives(防腐剂) in particular may be a reason, so I decided to do some research 3.in the area of food safety.Before I started my experiment, I made sure oth

4、er people 4.were kept out of my lab.be proud of，be supposed to，react with，at the bottom ofDuring the experiment, I observed how the materials 5.reacted with each other.Of course, I 6.was supposed to set down all the results for future reference.After I finished my scientific report, I excitedly sign

5、ed my name 7.at the bottom of it.In the course, I learned not only how to conduct a scientific experiment, but also how to express my research result.Most importantly, I 8.was proud of myself.根据提示补全句子1这个国家欢迎以物质和现金形式的外国援助。(form)The country welcomes foreign aid in the form of material and cash.2我相信这次旅

6、行会大大加深我们的知识。(add)The trip, I believe, will add greatly to our knowledge3问题越难，他回答出来的可能性就越小。(the比较级 .，the比较级 .)The more difficult the questions are, the less likely he is able to answer them.4你通晓中国文化是必要的。(it beadj.to do .)Its necessary for you to have a good knowledge of Chinese culture.5这是你今天早上要的文件。(

7、here引起的完全倒装句)Here is the document you asked for this morning.课时作业B：能力层面.阅读理解 (2019湖南省六校联考)If I scratch your back and you scratch mine, then were both better off as a resultso goes the principle of reciprocityAs humans, we are familiar with the concept, whether it is by buying rounds of drinks or exp

8、elling diplomats.But do animals also help those who help them? The answer may be yes.A paper by Dolivo and Taborsky shows that Norway rats will only give as good as they get.In their laboratory, Dolivo and Taborsky first trained rats to pull a stick that provided a food item within the reach of a ra

9、t in a neighboring cage separated from them by wire mesh(铁丝网)They then introduced a further treatment in which an experimental rat was placed in a cage with other caged rats on either side.On one side the rat pulled a stick that provided pieces of carrot to the rat in the central cage, while the oth

10、er pulled a stick that produced banana pieces.In the following trials the focal rat (the one in the central cage) had the opportunity to repay the other rats using the same stick tool to deliver food items.Now, the rats had typically turned their noses up at the carrot and showed a strong preference

11、 for the more desirable banana.On the basis that the bananaproviding rat should be therefore remembered as the superior partner, the authors predicted that in the test phase(阶段) the focal rat would more readily provide help for bananaoffering rats than for carrotoffering rats.This proved to be the c

12、ase: the rats that had provided better help in the past received greater rewardsit seemed that they were behaving reciprocally.Dolivo and Taborskys experiments show that rats can recall the quality of help provided and by which rat, and adjust their behavior so as to invest more time and energy in h

13、elping those that helped them.It is apparent that we shouldnt undervalue the ability of animals to engage in reciprocity.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章详细介绍了Dolivo和Taborsky用挪威老鼠做实验得出结论的过程。实验的结果告诉人们，我们不应该低估动物的互惠能力。1What does the underlined word “reciprocity” probably refer to?AThe act of being kind to other people

14、.BA cooperative exchange of favors.CA positive attitude to everything.DThe quality of being generous.B词义猜测题。根据第一段第一句中的“If I scratch your back and you scratch mine, then were both better off as a result”可知，如果两个人互相抓背，则两人都能得到好处；由此可推知，reciprocity意为“互惠”，故B项正确。2What would happen if a rat pulled the stick?

15、AIt would find some food in its own cage.BOther rats would be able to enter its cage.CAnother rat in another cage would get food.DIt would be able to enter a neighboring cage.C推理判断题。根据第二段的内容和第三段尾句“On one side the rat pulled a stick that provided pieces of carrot to the rat in the central cage, while

16、 the other pulled a stick that produced banana pieces”可推知，如果一只老鼠拉棍子，则另一个笼子里的老鼠会吃到食物，故C项正确。3Which got more benefit from the focal rat?AThe rats that preferred carrot pieces.BThe rats that preferred banana pieces.CThe rats that had provided carrot pieces.DThe rats that had provided banana pieces.D细节理解

17、题。根据倒数第二段的内容尤其是“the rats that had provided better help in the past received greater rewards”可知，提供香蕉片的老鼠会得到更多的回报，故D项正确。4Which of the following might Dolivo and Taborsky agree with?ASome animals may return others help.B. Norway rats have very poor memories.CIt is hard to explain the ability of animals

18、.DRats behavior is very uncommon.A推理判断题。根据尾段第一句“Dolivo and Taborskys experiments show that rats can recall the quality of help provided and by which rat, and adjust their behavior so as to invest more time and energy in helping those that helped them”可知，Dolivo和Taborsky的实验表明，老鼠能够回忆起谁提供的帮助和帮助的质量，并调整它们

19、的行为，从而投入更多的时间和精力去帮助那些帮助过它们的同类；由此可推知，动物会回报帮助过它们的对象，故A项正确。.完形填空(2019昆明市诊断测试)I received 3 missed calls from a number I didnt recognize today. I 1 it was something to do with an accident I had recently. I was ready to answer 2 when the number called the 4th time. Instead, I was asked if I was Jessica an

20、d if I had 3 anything. I said I didnt think so and 4 who it was.It was a man called Darren who explained he was behind me in the shop this morning. As I was leaving, my purse 5 . He picked it up and 6 to see where I had gone but he couldnt see me anymore. So he opened my purse and called the number

21、inside it.I have just been to 7 him to get my purse back, only to find out Darren is 8 and lives rough in the streets of Cardiff. He even apologized as he said he had taken out some change to call me to return my purse. But 9 a few pounds used to contact me, everything was all still 10 . I admit tha

22、t I wouldnt have blamed him if hed spent more of the 11 I felt 12 that someone returned it, and that the person who returned it was someone who had nothing. It made me 13 not only was I lucky that my purse was found by someone 14 ， but that I was going to a warm home.The 15 would be a much better pl

23、ace with more kind people like Darren in it.【语篇解读】本文通过作者的钱包失而复得的故事告诉我们：只要人人都能够善良对待他人，我们的世界将会变成更加美好的人间。1A.assumedBpromisedCdeclaredDagreedA根据语境可知，作者有三个来自同一号码的未接来电，作者认为(assumed)这和自己最近的一起事故有关。promise“许诺”；declare“宣传”；agree“同意”。2A.gentlyBgratefullyChumorouslyDeagerlyD根据上文中的“I it was something to do with

24、an accident I had recently”可推知，作者渴望(eagerly)去接通这电话。gently“温和地”；gratefully“感激地”；humorously“幽默地”。3A.exploredBboughtClostDcheckedC根据第二段和第三段的描述可推知，Darren捡到了作者的钱包，因此他打电话问作者是否丢了(lost)什么东西。4A.forgotBrememberedCsuspectedDaskedD根据语境可知，作者接电话时并不知道打电话的人是谁，因此作者问(asked)对方是谁。forget“忘记”；remember“记得”；suspect“怀疑”。5A.

25、brokeBfailedCdroppedDdisappearedC根据语境可知，作者离开商店的时候钱包掉在(dropped)地上了。6A.walked awayBlooked aroundCturned upDgot throughB根据语境并结合常识可推知，Darren环顾(looked around)四周寻找作者。7A.meetBquestionCbegDremindA根据语境可知，通过电话后，作者去见(meet)Darren以拿回自己的钱包。8A.hopefulBhelpfulChomelessDspeechlessC根据本句中的“lives rough in the streets o

26、f Cardiff”可推知，Darren是一个无家可归的(homeless)人。9A.in spite ofBin terms ofCowing toDapart fromD根据语境及该句中的“But”可推知，Darren除了(apart from)从作者的钱包里拿出几英镑和作者联系，其余的东西都没动。10A.untouchedBunlimitedCclassifiedDconsumedA参见上题解析。untouched“原封未动”符合语境。11A.timeBeffortCcashDenergyC作者承认，即使Darren从自己的钱包里多拿一些现金(cash)，作者也不会责怪他。12A.emb

27、arrassedBsurprisedCworriedDrelaxedB作者的钱包丢了，有人捡到并归还给作者，而且这个人一无所有，这让作者感到惊讶(surprised)。13A.realizeBconsiderCrecallDimagineA根据语境可知，这件事让作者意识到(realize)自己是幸运的，因为自己丢失的钱包被一个诚实的(honest)人捡到，并且作者将回到一个温暖的家。14A.familiarBpoliteChonestDwiseC参见上题解析。15A.shopBworldCenvironmentDstreetB根据语境可知，如果这个世界有更多像Darren这样善良的人存在的话，这个世界(world)将会是一个更好的地方。7