2019-2020同步外研英语必修二新突破讲义：MODULE 4 SECTION Ⅲ　GRAMMAR——动名词和不定式作宾语.doc

1、Section Grammar动名词和不定式作宾语&动名词作主语语 境 自 主 领 悟先观察原句Pop art (from the word “popular”)was an important modern art movement that aimed to show ordinary twentiethcentury city life. Im studying art at school, and I enjoy it a lot, although I can get tired of looking at pictures all the time.My parents are f

2、ond of going to art galleries and often take me with them, so Ive developed an interest in art.Instead, a picture should try to show the “life” of its subject.Painting is difficult for me.Learning to paint well takes a long time.后自主感悟1.例句中的介词后接动词ing形式作宾语。2.例句中的动词后接不定式作宾语。3.例句中的动词ing形式在句中作主语。一、动名词和不定

3、式作宾语1只跟动名词作宾语的常见动词或短语：suggest, finish, practice, avoid, miss, enjoy, imagine, admit, consider(考虑), escape, risk, mind, stand(忍受)，allow, advise, forbid, permit, put off, give up, keep on, feel like, be used to doing, look forward to, protect/prevent.from等。We should avoid making the same mistakes in t

4、he exam.我们应该避免在考试中犯同样的错误。We have to prevent the air from being polluted.我们必须阻止空气被污染。Its quite hot today. Do you feel like going for a swim?今天很热。你愿意去游泳吗？(1)allow, advise, forbid, permit这些动词，如果后面有宾语，则要接动词不定式作宾语补足语。The doctor advised me to take a few days rest.医生建议我休息几天。(2)在下列句型中也要用动名词作宾语：be worth doin

5、g. 值得做What/How about doing.? 做怎么样？have difficulty/trouble/problems (in) doing.做有困难2只跟不定式作宾语的动词：afford, agree, decide, determine(决心), expect, aim, afford, hope, manage, refuse, want, wish, offer, promise, pretend等。I cant afford to go on vacation this summer.今年夏天我没钱去度假。He decided to go abroad for furt

6、her education.他决定去国外深造。3接不定式/动名词时意义差别不大的动词。(1)hate, like, love, prefer后，表示习惯性或经常性的行为，通常多用动名词作宾语；表示特定的、具体的或一次性的活动时则多用不定式作宾语。I like watching TV, but I dont like to do that this evening because I am too busy.我喜欢看电视，但我不喜欢今晚看，因为我太忙。(2)begin, start, continue等后接不定式或动名词作宾语时意义差别不大。Tom began to learn/learning

7、 how to use a computer.汤姆开始学习如何使用电脑。4接不定式或动名词作宾语且意义差别大的动词。remember to do记住要做remember doing记得做过forget to do忘记做forget doing忘记做过regret to do遗憾做regret doing后悔做过try to do努力去做try doing试着做mean to do打算、想要做mean doing意味着go on to do接着做(另一件事)go on doing继续做(同一件事)cant help to do不能帮忙做cant help doing禁不住做The teacher

8、 regretted to tell Tom he didnt pass the exam, and Tom regretted not studying hard.老师遗憾地告诉汤姆他没通过考试，汤姆后悔没有努力学习。5need, require, want表示“需要”时，后面接动名词，表示被动含义，相当于接不定式的被动形式(to be done)。The condition of this car is so serious. It really needs repairing/to be repaired before driving on the road again.这辆车的状况是如

9、此糟糕，它再次上路前确实需要维修一下。即时演练1单句语法填空All the staff in our company are considering going(go)to the city centre for the fashion show.Robert is indeed a wise man.Oh，yes. How often I have regretted not taking(take) his advice!You cant imagine what difficulty we had walking(walk)home in the snowstorm.二、动名词作主语1动

10、名词作主语通常表示一般性、习惯性的动作，且谓语动词一般用单数。Going to Hangzhou by train takes about 10 hours from here.从这儿乘火车到杭州大约要10个小时。2动名词作主语，且主语较长时，为了平衡句子结构，通常用it 作形式主语。常见句式：Its no use/no good doing sth.做某事没有用处/好处Its a waste of time doing sth.做某事是浪费时间的Its useless/worthwhile doing sth.做某事是没用的/值得的It is a waste of time trying p

11、ersuading such a person.试图说服这样的一个人是浪费时间。It is no good eating too much sweet food.吃太多的甜食没有好处。名师点津动名词和不定式都可以作主语，动名词作主语表示一般或抽象的多次性行为，不定式作主语往往表示具体的或一次性的动作。To finish the work in a week is impossible.一周内完成工作是不可能的。即时演练2单句语法填空It is no use complaining(complain) without taking any action.Nodding (nod)the head

12、 means saying “yes” in China.Planning so far ahead makes(make) no senseso many things will have changed by next year.单句语法填空1The boy stopped to pick (pick) up a purse on the ground and handed it to a policeman.2Its very nice today. I feel like taking (take) a walk for some fresh air.3He never remembe

13、red to lock (lock) the door when he went out.4My grandfather is a millionaire，but having money does (do) not solve all his problems.5In order to avoid being caught (catch) by the coming policemen, the thief quickly jumped out of the window.6In my opinion，having (have) a meeting to settle the problem

14、 is a proper way.7Ill need to know (know) your decision by next week.8As a result of the serious flood, twothirds of the buildings in the area need to be painted/painting (paint)9She remembered seeing (see) him play football an hour ago.10It is a waste of time discussing (discuss) such matters with

15、him.单句改错1As for me, read a good book is just like talking with a learned person.readreading2Im sorry I cant help preparing the dinnerI have an important meeting.preparingto prepare3We agree help the old people do some housework on weekends.help前加to4The day we had been looking forward to coming at in

16、gcame5I appreciate your helped me out of the trouble.helpedhelping6He wanted teach me about animals, insects and trees.wanted后加to7I enjoyed sit close to the windows and looking at the view.sitsitting8Later I became used to talk with people from various cultures.talktalking9Leaving the less important things until tomorrow are often acceptable.areis10The trees need watered.wateredwatering