2019-2020学年北师大英语选修八新素养同步讲义:UNIT 24 SOCIETY SECTION Ⅴ GRAMMAR & WRITING WORD版含答案.doc
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- 2019-2020学年北师大英语选修八新素养同步讲义:UNIT 24 SOCIETY SECTION GRAMMAR WRITING WORD版含答案 2019 2020 学年 北师大 英语 选修
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1、高考资源网() 您身边的高考专家Section Grammar & Writing 学生用书P72劝说与虚拟语气的特殊用法单句语法填空1The doctors insisted that the boy (operate) at once.答案:should be operated2Its high time that the local government (pay) attention to the air pollution.答案:paid3If I were you, I (offer) her some advice on it.答案:would offer4Without you
2、r help, he (finish) the task so early.答案:wouldnt have finished5If you (work) harder at school, you would be leading an easier life now.答案:had worked一、劝说1在正式书面语中,下列方式表达强化性“建议”用法例句should动词原形You should be careful.你应该小心为好。ought to动词原形I ought to invite him to the party.我应该邀请他参加聚会。insist/demand/suggest/re
3、commend后跟从句,从句中谓语动词为should动词原形,其中should可以省略He insisted that I (should) accept these gifts.他坚持要我收下这些礼物。Our teacher demanded that Mary (should) finish her homework within a week.我们老师要求玛丽在一周内完成作业。The dentist suggested that she (should) come another day.牙医建议她改天再来。The doctor strongly recommended that he
4、(should) take a holiday.医生竭力劝他去休假。Its high time that.后用动词过去式Its high time that we protected the old buildings.到了我们该保护古建筑物的时候了。2.在非正式英语口语中,下列方式表达试探性“建议”用法例句If I were you,I would.原形动词If I were you,I would accept the job at once.如果我是你,我会立即接受这份工作。续表用法例句I think you should. 动词原形I think you should study En
5、glish well before going abroad.我认为你在出国之前应该先把英语学好。I think you ought to.动词原形I think you ought to take care of him.我认为你应该照顾他。3.下列方式可用于强烈地批评某人或提出建议用法例句I would rather.后跟从句,从句用虚拟语气,谓语动词要用一般过去时表示当时或将来要做的事,用过去完成时表示过去做的事Id rather you met her at the airport tomorrow morning.我希望你明天早上能到机场去见她。Id rather you hadnt
6、 told him the news that day.我真希望你那天没有把那个消息告诉他。Youdbetter.后跟不带to的不定式;否定形式把not放在had better的后面Youd better not go to school at once.你最好不要立即去上学。Youd better leave for Nanjing the day after tomorrow.你最好后天动身去南京。Its about time.后跟主语一般过去时或should动词原形Its about time he came!是他该来的时候了!二、 虚拟语气的特殊用法1含蓄条件句(1)有时假设的情况并不
7、以条件从句形式表示出来, 而是通过一个介词短语或其他方式表示。常用的词或短语有:without, but for, but that, otherwise, or, if only等。Without your help(If we had not had your help), we could not have succeeded.要是没有你的帮助, 我们是不会成功的。(2)在某些暗含虚拟条件的简单句中, 虚拟语气可通过上下文表现出来。谓语动词用should/would do形式或should/would have done虚拟形式。Any man in his position would
8、 have done like that.任何人处在他的位置都会那么做的。You should (ought to) have come earlier.你本应来得早点。2错综时间条件句所谓错综时间条件句即条件从句与主句所指时间不一致, 如从句指过去, 而主句指的是现在或将来, 此时应根据具体的语境对时态作相应的调整。If I had studied harder in school, I could qualify for the job now.我在学校时要是有好好念书,现在就可以符合这项工作的要求了。3其他从句的虚拟语气在表示“建议、 命令、 要求” 以及“重要性” 和“紧迫性” 等含义
9、的主语从句、 宾语从句、 表语从句和同位语从句中, 谓语动词常用虚拟语气, 由“动词原形” 或“should动词原形” 构成。现分述如下:(1)主语从句It be形容词that.(should.)用于该句型的形容词有:necessary, good, important, right, wrong, better, natural, proper, funny, strange, surprising等。一些名词短语也可以用于该结构中, 如a pity, no wonder等。Its necessary that we (should) have a walk now.我们有必要现在出去散散步
10、。Its natural that she (should) do so.她这样做是很自然的。Its important that we (should) take good care of the patients.我们要照顾好病人是重要的。It be过去分词that.(should.)用于该结构中的过去分词是表示“建议、 请求、 命令” 等动词的过去分词。如:desired, suggested, requested, ordered, proposed等。It is required that he (should) come to the office as soon as possi
11、ble.他被要求尽快来办公室。(2)宾语从句wish后的宾语从句动词wish后接宾语从句时, 从句谓语要用虚拟语气。若要表示与现在事实相反的愿望, 从句谓语用一般过去时或过去进行时; 若表示与过去事实相反的愿望, 从句谓语用过去完成时或would/couldhave过去分词; 若表示将来没有把握或不太可能实现的愿望, 用would(could)动词原形。I wish I could be of some use.我希望我能起到一些作用。“坚持” 后的宾语从句主要是指insist的宾语从句, 从句谓语由“should动词原形” 构成, 其中should通常可以省略。I insisted that
12、 he (should) stay.我坚持要他留下。He insisted that I (should) go with them.他坚持要我同他们一起去。“命令” 后的宾语从句主要是指order, command的宾语从句, 从句谓语由“should动词原形” 构成, 其中should通常可以省略。He ordered that it (should) be sent back.他命令把它送回去。He commanded that we (should) attack at once.他命令我们立即进攻。They recommend that this tax (should) be ab
13、olished.他们建议取消这种税。“建议” 后的宾语从句主要是指advise, suggest, propose等的宾语从句, 从句谓语由“should动词原形” 构成, 其中should通常可以省略。He suggested that we (should) leave early.他建议我们早点动身。The doctor advised that he (should) change his job.医生劝他换工作。(3)同位语从句和表语从句在下列名词的同位语从句和表语从句中, 谓语动词用虚拟语气:suggestion(建议), proposal(提议), order(命令), inst
14、ruction(指示、 指令), advice(劝告), plan(计划)等。He gave the order that the results of the experiment (should) be rechecked.他命令对那次实验的结果重新核对。My suggestion is that we (should) send a trade delegation to Malaysia.我的建议是我们派一个贸易代表团去马来西亚。 单句语法填空1The doctor suggested that he (take) a short leave of absence.答案:(should
15、) take2It is time we (go) to the library.答案:went/should go3Dont come tomorrow. Id rather you (come) next weekend.答案:came4I insisted that you (give) my money back.答案:(should) give5If I (be) you, I wouldnt have missed the film last night.答案:were6All the settlers nearby demanded that the nightclub (mov
16、e) away as soon as possible.答案:(should) be moved7Youd better (spend) your time on some books worth reading.答案:spend8Id rather you (tell) my parents about this next week.答案:told9The black people demanded that they (treat) as equally as the white people.答案:(should) be treated10It is suggested that ano
17、ther hospital (build) in the centre of the city.答案:(should) be built 单句改错1The old man insisted that the boy should taken home at once. 答案:should后加be2It is high time that you have a talk with your son face to face. 答案:have前加should或havehad3If she had followed my advice, she would have be in a better s
18、ituation now. 答案:去掉have4He offered me a lot of help, otherwise I would have finished the work on time. 答案:would后加not5His suggestion is that the boys left the camp as soon as possible. 答案:leftleave 语法与写作1我宁愿没有告诉过她这个坏消息。I would rather 答案:I hadnt told her the bad news2我们注意书法是非常必要的。It is necessary that
19、.答案:we (should) pay attention to our handwriting3我的老师建议我先制定一个计划。My teacher suggested 答案:that I (should) make a plan first4要不是他的帮助,我就在考试中失败了。But for his help , I 答案:would have failed in the exam5如果今晚我有时间,我就和他一起去看望老师了。If I had time tonight, I 答案:would go to see our teacher with him 学生用书P74如何写图表式或提纲式议论
20、文 文体感知本单元的写作要求是写图表式或提纲式议论文。议论文必须含有论点、 论据和论证三个要素。议论文的种类有立论和驳论两种, 立论是作者证明自己的论点正确; 驳论是作者证明别人的论点错误。写作时可采用三段式写作, 先罗列支持方的观点, 再写反对方的观点, 最后阐述个人观点。同时要注意论证合理、 论点突出, 还要注意表述的层次性和逻辑性。 写作要求最近, 某机构针对2 384名青少年使用手机上网的情况进行了一次调查。结果如下:调查内容使用手机上网的情况59%偶尔浏览不健康的信息67.3%依赖手机或手机网络90.9%正在或曾经使用社交软件请你根据以上的素材, 为某英语报纸写一篇稿件, 陈述这项调
21、查的结果, 并对这个现象进行简短的评论。注意:词数100左右。 审题谋篇项目结论体裁议论文话题青少年使用手机时态一般现在时为主人称第三人称为主 词句推敲1词汇浏览 依赖 而且, 并且 社交软件 优点和缺点 采取措施 限制 集中精力 答案:glance throughrely onwhats moresocial networking softwareadvantages and disadvantagestake measureslimitfocus ones attention on2句式67.3%的人承认他们太依赖手机或网络以致没有手机就不能活。一般表达:67.3% of them adm
22、it they rely on their mobile phones or the Internet and they couldnt live without them.高级表达:(用so.that改写上面句子) 答案:67.3% of them admit they rely on their mobile phones or the Internet so much that they couldnt live without them.政府应采取措施保证网络安全。一般表达:The government(should) take measures to make sure that t
23、he Internet is safe for teenagers.高级表达:(使用Its important that.改写上面句子) 答案:It is important that the government (should) take measures to make sure that the Internet is safe for teenagers.只有这样青少年才能集中精力学习。一般表达:The teenagers can focus their attention on their lessons in this way.高级表达:(使用Only状语的倒装句) 答案:Onl
24、y in this way can the teenagers focus their attention on their lessons. 妙笔成篇 One possible version:A survey conducted recently shows that 59% of the 2, 384 teenagers interviewed glance through the unhealthy information on the Internet now and then.67.3% of them admit they rely on their mobile phones
25、or the Internet so much that they couldnt live without them.Whats worse, 90.9% say they are using or have used social networking software.Just as a saying goes, “Every coin has two sides.” Surfing the Internet brings disadvantages as well as advantages.It is important that the government should take
26、 measures to make sure the Internet is safe for teenagers.Besides, parents should limit the time that their children spend playing with mobile phones or surfing the Internet.Only in this way can the teenagers focus their attention on their lessons.A卷 单句语法填空1His health demands that he (go) to bed ear
27、ly.答案:(should) go2If I (be) that strong man, I would apologize to her at once.答案:were3You had better (not follow) his advice.答案:not follow4Id rather she (set) out to do the work now.答案:set5Its time for supper.I (go) home.答案:should/ought to go6The boss ordered all the workers (be) there on time.答案:(s
28、hould) be7I think you (go) home and take a rest.答案:should go8It is suggested that they (finish) their work before 6:00 pm.答案:(should) finish9She insisted that I (stay) for supper.答案:(should) stay10He made the suggestion that we (go) by train.答案:(should) go 阅读理解ASummer time is a great opportunity for
29、 kids to learn how to work and earn a little bit of spending money. If your child needs a summer job, here are a few options to consider:Lemonade/Cookie StandBenefits:Creates a concept of running a business: Your child will be his own boss, set his own price , and run the show. Its a great introduct
30、ion to running his own business.Limited StartUp Costs: The things used to make lemonade are cheap, so your child should be able to get back his investment with a handful of sales.What Kids Learn About Money: Your child will learn a very valuable lesson about pricing. The price of his lemonade will d
31、ecide how much he can sell, if he will recover his investment and the amount of profit.Yard WorkBenefits:Repeated Customers: If a homeowner needs help raking(耙地) this year, hell probably want help again next year. Your child should be able to maintain a regular set of customers after one season.Safe
32、ty: Yard work is generally safer than a lawnmowing job. Without having to operate machines, your child will be much safer.What Kids Learn About Money: Because of the variability(变动) in pay, your child will need to learn how to negotiate(谈判) a fair price with homeowners if they ask.LifeguardBenefits:
33、Responsibility: Kids learn a lot about responsibility when lifeguarding. They are within rights to tell whether a certain activity is safe and are allowed to take action as they see fit.Exercise: Lifeguards need to be proficient at swimming and must exercise to stay in shape.What Kids Learn About Mo
34、ney: To be a lifeguard, one must be certified. Your child may have to pay for lifeguard training, although some employers provide it onsite.【解题导语】本文介绍了几个适合孩子们在暑假里锻炼的工作。1Which one is not the benefit of selling lemonade or cookies for children?ATo learn how to run a business.BTo own repeated customers
35、.CTo learn profit and loss.DTo lower the risk of losing money.B解析:细节理解题。根据第一部分中的Creates a concept of running a business可知A正确;根据The things used to make.可知C、D项正确;B项是第二部分的内容。故选B项。2Which is suitable if you want your child to learn communication and negotiation?ALemonade/Cookie StandBYard WorkCLifeguard
36、DAll of the aboveB解析:推理判断题。根据Yard Work中的Because of the variability(变动) in pay, your child will need to learn how to negotiate(谈判) a fair price with homeowners if they ask.可知,孩子可以从这项体验中学会交流和谈判。故选B项。3If your kid wants to be a lifeguard, he or she has to do all the following except Akeeping a good figu
37、reBexcelling at swimming Creceiving training for freeDlearning to take action when necessaryC解析:推理判断题。根据第三部分中的They are within rights to tell whether a certain activity is safe and are allowed to take action as they see fit.和Lifeguards need to be proficient at swimming and must exercise to stay in sh
38、ape.可知,lifeguard所需要的条件。故选C项。BI am 26. Im clear that Im never going to catch up with Mother Teresa. But I want to do something to help people every single day like her.Everybody thinks we just serve food and soda. The safety training is serious and stressful. Caring for 49 people in a business class
39、in 90 minutes is not easy. I had a roommate who was a waitress; she just left a candle and a table cloth burning, and I used a fire extinguisher(灭火器) to put out the fire. If something goes bad at her job, she calls the police. But if something happens up in the air, its up to us.Im single and have n
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2019届人教A版数学必修二同步课后篇巩固探究:2-1-1 平面 WORD版含解析.docx
