2019-2020学年外研版英语选修八同步讲义：MODULE 2 THE RENAISSANCE SECTION Ⅱ　INTRODUCTION & READING AND VOCABULARY—LANGUAGE POINTS WORD版含答案.doc

1、高考资源网（） 您身边的高考专家Section Introduction & Reading and VocabularyLanguage Points disturbingadj.引起烦恼的；令人不安的(教材P15)I find it mysterious, and perhaps even a little disturbing.我发觉它很神秘，或许甚至有一点让人不安。(1)disturb vt.打扰；扰乱；吵醒；弄乱(2)disturbed adj.被打扰的；担心的；不安的At that time, hunger was a disturbing problem in many part

2、s of the countryside.那时，在乡下很多地方，饥饿是一个令人烦恼的问题。Now and then some disturbing text messages made her unsleeping.时不时的骚扰短信使她睡不好觉。即学即练单句语法填空Toms mother was disturbed (disturb) to hear that he had failed to pass the exam.A piece of disturbing (disturb) news came that an unknown disease was spreading in the

3、area.interrupt指“插嘴，使中断，打断 (别人的讲话或行动等)”；disturb指“扰乱，干扰”，还可表示“使烦恼，使焦虑”等。巧学活用选词填空 (interrupt/disturb)Its bad manners to interrupt others when they are talking.Im sorry to interrupt, but theres something important I have to tell you.Sorry to disturb you, but can I talk to you for a minute? effectn结果；效果，

4、效能；作用，影响(教材P15)The effect of the light, the combination of light and shade, is astonishing.光线和阴影结合的效果令人吃惊。(1)have an effect on/upon对有影响bring/carry/put.into effect实施；使生效come/go into effect开始生效；开始实施take effect生效；实施cause and effect因果关系(2)effective adj.有效的(3)affect v.影响 (2016浙江卷6月)An important negative

5、effect of gossip is that it can hurt the person being talked about.闲谈的一个主要的消极作用是它可能会伤害被谈论的人。 (浙江卷)It is uncertain what side effect the medicine will bring about.还不确定该药会带来什么副作用。即学即练单句语法填空 (2017全国卷)This trend, which was started by the medical community (医学界) as a method of fighting heart disease, has

6、had some unintended side effects (effect) such as overweight and heart disease.a. The new law will come into_effect in 2022；surely it will have an effect on_the industry of the country.b. It wont be easy to put the changes into effect, so we must spare every effort to do it. (2018全国卷)While running r

7、egularly cant make you live forever, the review says it is more effective (effect) at lengthening life than walking, cycling or swimming.链接写作词汇升级/句式升级(普通表达)Smoking affects your health badly, so youd better give it up. (高级表达)Smoking has a bad effect on your health, so youd better give it up. (高级表达)Yo

8、ud better give up smoking, which has a bad effect on your health(非限制性定语从句) more than不仅仅；超过；非常(教材P16)But the Renaissance is, of course, more than just Mona Lisa.但是，文艺复兴当然不仅仅只是蒙娜丽莎。一词多义写出下列句中more than的含义 (2018北京卷)Humans produce more than 300 million tons of plastic every year.超过 (浙江卷)It took more than

9、 building supplies to construct these energysaving houses. It took brains, too.不仅仅 (天津卷)If there is something else that we can do for you, we are more than glad to give a helping hand.非常(1)more than数词或从句超过more than形容词非常more than名词不只是；不仅是(2)no more than只不过；仅仅not more than不超过；至多(3)rather than而不是other

10、than除了；不同于链接写作完成句子他所受的学校教育全部加起来不超过3年。His whole school education added up to no more than three years.他每月所赚的钱不超过2 000美元。He earns not more than 2，000 dollars a month. 他考试又失败了。依我看来，与其说他笨倒不如说他懒。He failed in the exam again. In my view, he was more lazy than stupid motivatev激发，激励(教材P17)The sense of explor

11、ation which motivated the artists went hand in hand with a new type of philosophy.这种激励艺术家的探索意识与一种新型的人生哲学携手共进。(1)motivate sb.to do sth. 激发某人做某事(2)motivation n. 积极性 While some people are motivated by a need for success, others are motivated by a fear of failure.一些人做事的动机是对成功的需求，而其他人做事的动机却是害怕失败。To some

12、degree, bonus is an effective way to motivate the workers.在某种程度上来说， 奖金是调动工人积极性的一种有效方法。即学即练单句语法填空I wonder how you motivate your students to work (work) hard and efficiently.Give them motivation (motivate) and they will do their best to work for you.Each achievement will keep us motivated (motivate) t

13、o realize the final goal. sb./sth.is believed to do.It is believed that.人们认为(教材P16)It is believed to be the best example of a new lifelike style of painting that amazed people when it was first used.它被认为是一种新的形象逼真型绘画风格的最好代表，这种绘画风格一经使用就使人们惊叹不已。主句属于“sb./sth.is believed to do.”句型， 该句型可改写成“It is believed

14、 that.”或“People believe that.”意为“人们相信/认为”。在上述句型中，不定式可用一般式 (to do)、进行式 (to be doing)、完成式 (to have done)。It is said that.据说It is reported that.据报道It is suggested that.有人建议It is thought that.人们认为It is known that.众所周知It is believed to be the best house in our village that attracted many villagers when i

15、t was built.它被认为是我们村里最好的房子，在它建成时，吸引了很多村民。Hard work is believed to lead to success. It is believed that hard work can lead to success.People believe that hard work can lead to success.人们相信努力工作就能成功。即学即练单句语法填空a(福建卷) Body language is said to account (account) for 55 percent of a first impression.b.The p

16、rofessor is said to have succeeded (succeed) in carrying out this experiment.c.The number of English learners is said to be increasing (increase) throughout the world every day.链接写作一句多译人们认为这些动物已经在这个地区生活了几万年了。Its believed that these animals have lived in the area for tens of thousands of years(形式主语)T

17、hese animals are believed to have lived in the area for tens of thousands of years(简单句) beof (adj.)抽象名词(教材P17)After centuries of accepting a medieval world view in which human life was considered of little value compared with the greatness of God, philosophers began asking questions like “What is a

18、person？” or “Why am I here？”几个世纪以来，哲学家们都接受中世纪的世界观，认为与上帝的伟大相比人的生命的价值很渺小，现在他们开始提出诸如“人为何物？”以及“我为何存在？”这样的问题。句中was.of little value是“beof (adj.)抽象名词”结构。该结构用来描述人或事物的特征，在句中可作表语、定语或宾语补足语。(1)be of抽象名词，相当于其名词的同根形容词，能用于该结构的名词：use, help, value, interest, importance等，名词前可以加上no, some, any, little, much, great等词来修饰

19、，以表示不同程度。(2)be of名词，该结构没有相当于其名词的同根形容词，能用于该结构的名词：size, length, height, width, colour, weight, age, kind等。名词前可以加a, an, the same, different等词来修饰。 Please give these things to people in need, which are of no use to me.请把我不需要的这些东西捐给需要的人。A college education is of great value in ones life.高等教育对人的一生有很重要的意义。即

20、学即练单句语法填空 (全国卷)The “Foreign Culture” section in our newspaper is of great popularity among us students.Now I am very happy in the new school because I have a lot of good friends of an age.Your suggestions on how to solve the problem are of great use (useful) to us. 品句填词1I was deeply disturbed (打扰) a

21、nd depressed by the news that Tom hadnt won the game.2Theres a great need for a new book on the subject (主题)3Basically (基本上), I agree with your suggestion, but there are still a few points Id like to discuss with you.4It is well known that alcoholic drink can have a bad effect (影响) on your body.5You

22、r support has always given me added inspiration and motivation (动机)6Demand for skilled (有技巧的) workers is high, but there is no demand for unskilled ones.7We were so worn out after the long walk in the sun that I suggested a rest in the shade (阴凉处)8The young writer learned a great deal from the works

23、 (著作) by masters in literature.9His lecture was dull (枯燥的)and some students fell asleep halfway.10The frontiers (新领域) of medical knowledge are being pushed forwards as time goes on. 单句改错1On short, the solution to all our problems lies in economic development.OnIn2I cannot help contrast her attitude

24、with that of her friends.contrastcontrasting3(2019山东莱州一中高二月考)There are numerous moments in my memory worthy of being preserved for a time.athe4It took them much than one billion dollars to complete the project.muchmore5The conference has been held to discuss the effects of tourism in the wildlife in

25、 the area.第一个inon 课文语法填空The Renaissance，a French word，which 1.means (mean) “rebirth”，appeared in English in 2.the 19th century. The word was used 3.to describe (describe) a period in European history which began with the 4.arrival (arrive) of the first Europeans in America，an age of exploration，and

26、the beginning of the modern world. From Italy, it spread all over Europe 5.where artists found new ideas for their work in classical Greece and Rome. They also 6.opened (open) new frontiers in the arts such as painters use of perspective 7.and the effects of light. The sense of exploration which 8.m

27、otivated (motivate) the artists also developed together with a new type of philosophy. Besides, it was also a time of scientific invention，when Leonardo，the extraordinary genius，did a lot in the scientific research.9.In short，the Renaissance made great 10.contributions (contribute) to the developmen

28、t of Europe. 单句语法填空1(江西卷)I used to try effective (effect) methods to achieve my academic goals.2The fire is believed to have spread (spread) quickly due to dry and windy conditions yesterday.3He often disturbs us when we are working, so we all find him disturbing(disturb)4As is known to all, the dev

29、elopment of education goes hand in hand with the economy of a society.5Basically, we can meet peoples basic needs in life, which is based on a recent survey(basic)6As a teacher, you should know what motivates the students to work (work) hard and make greater progress.7Master the skills needed in the

30、 work and you will become a skilled (skill) worker.8On no account can we ignore the significance (significant) of education.9(2019云南玉溪一中高二期中)Twenty students want to attend the class that aims to watch how to read (read) fast.10Our products are of higher quality and lower prices，compared (compare) wi

31、th those of our competitors. 阅读理解AIt is a tiny portrait of one of the most powerful women of the Renaissance. And for more than 50 years the old BBC journalist Charles Wheeler kept the picture of Eleonora of Toledo on his bookshelf.But yesterday Wheeler returned the painting to Berlins Gemldegalerie

32、 after discovering that it was a priceless original looted (掠夺) from the museum during the Second World War, not a copy as he had thought.Wheeler, 83, acquired the 16thcentury portrait by the Florentine artist Alessandro Allori from a German farmer who dropped in to the BBCs West Berlin office.“It w

33、as 1952. At the time people could move freely between East and West，”he said yesterday.“We were doing a programme called Letters Without Signature, where people living in the eastern zone could write a letter. The farmer reached into his pocket, took out a brown envelope and said it was a wedding pr

34、esent for me.”The farmer claimed he had got it from a Russian soldier in exchange for two sacks of potatoes to make vodka. Over the next 50plus years, Wheeler, one of the BBCs most distinguished foreign journalists, took the miniature (小画像) with him.“I was burgled four times over the years，”he said.

35、“People were always taking my TV and radio. But they ignored the painting.”It was only last year while making a BBC radio series on missing art that Wheeler realised the painting could have been stolen. After contacting the Londonbased Commission for Looted Art in Europe, the work was swiftly identi

36、fied as a minor masterpiece and returned yesterday to Berlins picture gallery, where it was last seen in 1939.Yesterday Anne Webber, cochair of the commission, hailed (赞扬) the work as one of the“earliest diplomatic portraits of a woman”“Its a charming painting，”she said. The miniature depicts (描绘) E

37、leonora of Toledo，whose husband Cosimo de Medici was one of Renaissance Italys most powerful men.【解题导语】 一位记者得到一幅意大利文艺复兴时期一位妇女的画像，但他以为是复制品，因此并没有在意。在保存了50多年以后，他最后得知画像是柏林艺术馆在二战中被盗的真品，于是他把这幅画归还给了该艺术馆。1Charles Wheeler kept the miniature on his bookshelf because_Ahe thought it was of little valueBhe thoug

38、ht it would be safer thereChe liked the picture very muchDhe wanted it to be seen by othersA解析：细节理解题。从第二段最后可知，这位BBC记者本来以为这是一件复制品，并没有重视。2The miniature was probably taken from the Berlins picture gallery by_Aa burglarBa German farmerCa Russian soldierDa worker at the galleryC解析：推理判断题。由第三段可知，这幅画是一个德国农民

39、从一个俄国士兵手中用两袋土豆换来的。由此可以推断，该画很可能在战乱中落入一个俄国士兵手中。3In what way is the miniature considered to be priceless?AIt survived the Second World War.BIt depicts a powerful woman of the Renaissance.CIt is a masterpiece by a famous artist in Germany.DIt was painted more than 50 years ago.B解析：推理判断题。从第一段和最后一段可知，这是一幅

40、意大利文艺复兴时期一位重要妇女的画像，它具有重大意义。4From the passage we can learn_Athe painting was drawn by a woman of the RenaissanceBAllori gave the journalist the painting as a wedding presentCCharles Wheeler has kept the painting for over 50 yearsDEleonora of Toledo was one of the most powerful men in ItalyC解析：细节理解题。根

41、据第一段和第三段中的“Over the next 50plus years, Wheeler, one of the BBCs most distinguished foreign journalists, took the miniature (小画像) with him.”可知，他保存这幅画已经50多年了。B(2019惠州市高二月考)Following the crowd may not always be in a persons best interest.But new research suggests that teens who get along with their fri

42、ends may end up healthier as adults.Scientists have known that close friendships help boost health. Thats true for both teens and adults. The finding inspired Joseph Allen, a psychologist at the University of Virginia, and his team was to study whether experiences during teen years would influence a

43、dult health.So they followed 171 teens, starting when the kids were just 13.They interviewed each one every year for five years, and also spoke to these teens closest friends，who provided additional information about the quality of their friendships. The same 171 people were interviewed again at age

44、s 25, 26 and 27. This time, the questions surveyed each persons overall health. When the researchers analyzed the data, they found a strong connection between a teens behavior and adult health. Teens who had close friends grew up to be the healthier adults. Whether teens held back their feelings or

45、expressed them to close friends also influenced later health. Those who held back their feelings were more likely to be sick as adults. The connection held up even after the scientists accounted for other possible influences on health.Weight，family income and drug use were all examined. So were ment

46、al health issues，such as anxiety and depression. And in these people，such other factors did not explain adult health as well as teen friendships did.“Getting along with the crowd may have benefits”， says Allen, “but there are also drawbacks. Teens who are more independent tend to do better at school

47、 and work. And peer pressure may lead some kids to engage in risky behavior, such as smoking, drinking or using drugs.” “Dealing with it is an ongoing challenge，” Allen acknowledges.“Finding the right balance is the key. Teens shouldnt lose heart for not finding this easy.”And, he adds，“Parents need

48、 to be understanding about the pressures teens face.”【解题导语】研究表明，与朋友较少或者没有朋友的青少年相比，有朋友的青少年在长大后更健康。当然，与朋友相处也有坏处。5Where can you probably read this passage?AScience fiction.BHealth column.CFashion magazine.DEntertainment newspaper.B解析：文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍青少年时的友谊对青少年成年后健康的影响。据此可知，本文属于健康知识类文章，故可判断，本文可能选自“健

49、康专栏”。故B项正确。6We can learn from Allens study that _Amany other factors have a greater influence on adult health than teen friendshipsBmental health issues have nothing to do with adult healthCthe same 171 teens were interviewed each year from 13 to 27Dthe teens who couldnt express themselves grew up t

50、o be unhealthierD解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Whether teens held back.sick as adults.”可知，青少年是否向他们的好朋友表达情感也会影响到其成年后的健康，那些压抑情感的青少年成年后很可能不健康。故D项正确。7According to what Allen said, we can know that _Ain order to do better at school, teens should not follow the crowdBthough its challenging for teens to deal with peer

51、pressure, they should not give up Cteens will engage in smoking, drinking or using drugs when facing peer pressureDparents should understand their teens and stop them going with friendsB解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段内容可知，与朋友相处使得青少年在成年后更加健康的同时也会带来不利影响，即周围同龄人带来的压力，这些压力会导致许多问题。分析Allen的话“Finding the right balance is t

52、he key.Teens shouldnt lose heart for not finding this easy.”可以判断，青少年要应对这些压力，找到正确的平衡点是关键，不能因为很难找到平衡点就灰心丧气。故选B。8What can be inferred from the passage?AThere is nothing bad for teens to follow the crowd.BClose friendships are the most important for peoples health.CTeen friendships may help teens become

53、 healthier adults.DAdult health is only influenced by teen friendships.C解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段第二句“But new research suggests that teens who get along with their friends may end up healthier as adults.”可知，与朋友相处的青少年在成年后会更加健康。C项意为“青少年时期的友谊会帮助青少年成为更加健康的成年人”，符合文章意思。故C项正确。 七选五Do you know that intelligence can be

54、 developed？Do you realize it doesnt matter how smart you are but how hard you can work to grow? 1._ In her book, Mindset：The New Psychology of Success, Carol Dweck shares years of research conducted to prove its not just talent that determines success but whether we approach a situation with the rig

55、ht mindset. Having a growth mindset has many, many benefits.2_ Having a growth mindset encourages you to not look at a deficit (不足额) as a deficit in ability but one of learning and that is one which can easily be achieved. This naturally has an impact on your sense of selfworth.Enjoy the process of

56、learning. With a growth mindset, you look forward to acquiring new skills and absorbing new knowledge. You realize that everything that you learn can help you improve and become a better person. 3._Increase your confidence. According to Dweck and her fellow researchers“.in the growth framework, havi

57、ng clear deficits doesnt mean you arent or wont be good at something. Its simply an occasion for learning. 4._You just need to believe in improvement over time.”Dont get confused by setbacks (挫折). When you have a growth mindset, you dont view a setback as something that sets you back. 5._Dweck share

58、s，“Despite setbacksor even because of themthey find ways to keep themselves committed and interested.”ASeek challenges.BImprove your sense of selfworth.CSo you should never ignore the importance of learning.DIt can affect all areas of your life, from business to love.EYou view it as an opportunity t

59、o get better, and stronger.FMoreover, you dont need a full load of confidence to set about learning.GIf so, youre one of the fortunate few who are blessed with a growth mindset.【解题导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要论述成功不仅仅是靠天赋，还要靠后天的努力和成长的心态。1G解析：根据空处后一句“In her book, Mindset：The New Psychology of Success, Carol Dweck sh

60、ares years of research conducted to prove its not just talent that determines success but whether we approach a situation with the right mindset.”可知，Carol Dweck在她的书中分享了多年的研究来证明：决定成功的不仅仅是天赋，而是我们是否用正确的心态来处理事情；该句中的“the right mindset”和G项中的“ a growth mindset”相匹配，故G项正确。2B解析：空处为第二段的主题句，根据该段尾句“This naturall

61、y has an impact on your sense of selfworth.”可知，该段主要介绍提高自我价值感的建议，故B项正确。3C解析：根据空处前一句“You realize that everything that you learn can help you improve and become a better person.”可知，你意识到你所学到的所有东西都能帮助你进步，让你成为一个更好的人，该句说明了学习的重要性，故C项与此处匹配。4F解析：根据该段主题句“Increase your confidence.”可知，该段主要介绍提高自信心的建议，F项中的“confidence”与此处匹配，故F项正确。5E解析：根据语境可知，当你有成长的心态，就不会把挫折看成阻碍，而是看作让你变得更好、更强的机会，故E项正确。高考资源网版权所有，侵权必究！