2019-2020学年新培优同步人教版英语选修八练习：UNIT 5 SECTION Ⅰ WORD版含解析.docx

1、Section Warming Up,Pre-reading,Reading & Comprehending课时过关即时巩固一、用所给单词的适当形式填空1.I wanted to make a trip to London,but I had no money.So I had no (alternatively) but to stay at home.答案:alternative2.(regard) of the colour of his skin,every man has the right to live where he wants to.答案:Regardless3.We (i

2、nterruption) this programme to bring you a news flash.答案:to interrupt4.I cant (assumption) anything in this case.答案:assume5.The explorers had to eat unripe fruit to prevent (starve).答案:starvation二、用下列单词或词组的正确形式完成句子at mostcut upampleas well asalternativekeep outused to beinterruptbe made ofregardless

3、 of1.What hotels are there in the small town?答案:alternative2.A heavy rain our baseball game so we had to put it off till the next week.答案:interrupted3.We go to the English Salon now and then, being busy doing our lessons.答案:regardless of4.She has ripe experience rich knowledge so that she has been a

4、ccepted.答案:as well as5.The farmer tried to shut the door at once to the elephant but he failed.答案:keep out6.The robber ran away half a mile.You can catch him if you speed up your car.答案:at most7.If you this kind of vegetable before cooking it,you will lose its vitamin.答案:cut up8.Her necklace glass b

5、ut it looks like a real diamond one.答案:is made of9.The policeman offered drinking water to the area where the villagers suffered the terrible flood.答案:ample10.This mountain an ocean millions of years ago.答案:used to be三、词语替换1.We have no choice but to do it.答案:alternative2.The workmen dug a hole in th

6、e wall to let the sewage pipe pass through.答案:excavated3.Hes not such a fool as you considered him to be.答案:assumed4.The natives of that region still live in ancient straw huts.答案:primitive四、单句改错1.We had no alternative but fire Gibson.答案:but后加to2.The more interruption you must deal with while you ar

7、e reading,the harder it will be to keep your attention on the task at hand.答案:interruptioninterruptions3.This leaves her ample of time to prepare three meals a day.答案:去掉of4.You should be encouraged to go on working hard regardless past failures.答案:regardless后加 of5.Her voice sharpenered as she became

8、 impatient.答案:sharpeneredsharpened五、阅读理解AThe discovery of a dwarfed(矮个的) “human being” who lived in Flores,Indonesia,up to 18,000 years ago is changing the way we think about the human family.This “Flores Human” was three feet tall and her brain was smaller than that of the average chimp(黑猩猩),yet sh

9、e and her relatives apparently lived fully human lives.They seemed to have made tools,worked together to find food and cook it,and perhaps even buried their dead with ceremony.It was a major surprise to find tools associated with the new human family member.The tools are like those formerly seen onl

10、y with European fossils(化石)from our own species,Homo sapiens(智人),and the oldest of them were made 94,000 years ago.Homo sapiens is thought to have arrived in the island about 40,000 years ago,much too late to be responsible for the tools.If this tiny human made the tools,then the inside structure (结

11、构)of its brain must have been more like our own than a chimps,despite being just a third the size of ours.This “new human” was suspected to be a dwarfed branch of Homo erectus(直立人).When creatures are separated in regions with rare resources but few enemies,being big is a disadvantage,and evolution t

12、ends to shrink them,a process known as island dwarfing.Could natural selection make a human smaller while keepingeven improvingmental ability?Quite possibly,believes Christopher Wills of the University of California.Has the “Flores Human” even shown the ability of language?“I find it difficult to im

13、agine that people could make tools,use fire,and kill large animals without fairly advanced communication.”Wills says.Did “Flores Human” possess the basic components of human culturesuch as the burying of the dead with ceremony?Emiliano Bruner of the Italian Institute points out that Indonesias hot,w

14、et environment is bad for fossilization.It is reasonable to assume,he says,that the 18,000-year-old bones of the most complete Flores woman were well-preserved because she was buried with special care.1.What did the dwarfed “human beings” look like?A.They were not small.B.They were very tall.C.They

15、were 30 inches tall.D.They were 36 inches tall.答案:D解析:细节理解题。根据“This Flores Human was three feet tall and her brain was smaller.”看出这些矮人有三英尺高,一英尺等于12英寸。2.According to the passage,“Flores Human” .A.lived a partly human lifeB.was a branch of Homo sapiensC.used tools before Homo sapiens arrivedD.had a br

16、ain as a common chimps答案:C解析:推理判断题。由“It was a major surprise to find tools associated with the new human family member.The tools.for the tools.”推出C项正确。3.The underlined part “this tiny human” in Paragraph 2 refers to .A.a chimpB.Flores HumanC.Homo sapiensD.Homo erectus答案:B解析:词义猜测题。从“a dwarfed(矮个的)hum

17、an being.This Flores Human.”,“If this tiny human made the tools,then the inside structure(结构)of its brain must have been more like our own than a chimps”,以及第三段的“This new human was.”看出,this tiny human 意指“Flores Human”。4.This passage mainly talks about.A.the tools made by “Flores Human”B.the language

18、used by “Flores Human”C.the evolution of “Flores Human”D.the major surprising findings about “Flores Human”答案:D解析:主旨大意题。本文主要论述了关于“Flores Human”的主要发现。A、B、C项均为D项的一个方面。5.According to the passage,it is believed that “Flores Human”.A.was dwarfed by its enemiesB.could use languageC.left a lot of fossils i

19、n hot and wet environmentD.reached Flores 40,000 years ago答案:B解析:推理判断题。由文章最后一段“I find it difficult to imagine that people could make tools,use fire,and kill large animals without fairly advanced communication.”看出,没有高级交流很难做到上述行为,说明 “Flores Human”能够使用语言。BThe baby is just one day old and has not yet le

20、ft hospital.She is quiet but alert(警觉).Twenty centimeters from her face researchers have placed a white card with two black spots on it.She stares at it carefully.A researcher removes the card and replaces it by another,this time with the spots differently spaced.As the cards change from one to the

21、other,her gaze(凝视)starts to lose its focusuntil a third,with three black spots,is presented.Her gaze returns:she looks at it for twice as long as she did at the previous card.Can she tell that the number two is different from three,just 24 hours after coming into the world?Or do newborns simply pref

22、er more to fewer?The same experiment,but with three spots shown before two,shows the same return of interest when the number of spots changes.Perhaps it is just the newness?When slightly older babies were shown cards with pictures of objects(a comb,a key,an orange and so on),changing the number of o

23、bjects had an effect separate from changing the objects themselves.Could it be the pattern that two things make,as opposed to three?No again.Babies paid more attention to squares moving randomly on a screen when their number changed from two to three,or three to two.The effect even crosses between s

24、enses.Babies who were repeatedly shown two spots became more excited when they then heard three drumbeats than when they heard just two;likewise(同样地)when the researchers started with drumbeats and moved to spots.6.The experiment described in Paragraph 1 is related to the babys .A.sense of hearingB.s

25、ense of sightC.sense of touchD.sense of smell答案:B解析:细节理解题。根据第一段“She stares at it carefully.”及“.her gaze(凝视)starts to lose its focus.”可知实验是与婴儿的视觉有关的,故选B项。7.Babies are sensitive to the change in.A.the size of cardsB.the colour of picturesC.the shape of patternsD.the number of objects答案:D解析:推理判断题。根据第一段

26、“Can she tell that the number two is different from three.”及第二段“.changing the number of objects had an effect separate from changing the objects themselves.”可知婴儿对物体数目的变化比较敏感,故选D项。8.Why did the researchers test the babies with drumbeats?A.To reduce the difficulty of the experiment.B.To see how babies

27、 recognize sounds.C.To carry their experiment further.D.To keep the babies interest.答案:C解析:推理判断题。前文提到改变物体的数目对婴儿的影响较大,故为了进一步研究婴儿是否对数字有认知能力而利用鼓声进行测验,故选C项。9.Where does this text probably come from?A.Science fiction.B.Childrens literature.C.An advertisement.D.A science report.答案:D解析:推理判断题。本文主要介绍了一项科学研究,

28、讲述了新生儿对数目有先天的认知能力,故最有可能出自科学报道,故选D项。六、七选五阅读理解Every student has tests when they are at school.But have you ever been so worried about the tests that you cant fall asleep at night?Have you ever felt sick or had a headache during a test?If so,you know what stress is.1 This worry in your mind can make yo

29、ur body feel bad.You may feel angry,frustrated,scared or afraid,which can give you a stomachache or a headache.2 Good or normal stress might happen when you are called to answer a question in class or when you have to give a speech.This kind of stress can help you to get things better done.3But bad

30、stress can happen if the stressful feelings keep going over a long time.You may not feel well if your parents are fighting,if a family member is ill,if you are having problems at school or if you are going through something else that makes you upset every day.45That means making good decision about

31、how to spend your time.If you are only dealing with school stuff and have no time to play,you can get stressed.Make sure you keep your SELF in mind:Sleep,Exercise,Leisure and Food.If you take care of yourself and get enough sleep and food,and if you exercise and leave time for fun stuff,you will pro

32、bably be less stressed out.A.Can you tell a kind of stress from another one?B.However,there are two different kinds of stress.C.The best way to keep stress away is to have a balanced life.D.That kind of stress isnt going to help you;it can actually make you sick.E.Since bad stress is harmful to us,youd better try to change it into good stress.F.Stress is what you feel when you are worried or uncomfortable about something.G.For example,you may do better on your test if the stress pushes you to prepare well before the test.答案:1.F2.B3.G4.D5.C