2019-2020学年人教版英语必修三新素养同步练习：UNIT 4 ASTRONOMY SECTION Ⅰ　知能演练轻松闯关 WORD版含答案.doc

1、学生用书P125(单独成册) 阅读理解AMake Space in Your Summer for Free FunYou dont have to go to the moon to meet an astronaut: You can do it at the Air and Space Museum on July 16.Pioneering pilot Amelia Earhart disappeared on a flight around the globe in 1937. But shell be at the National Air and Space Museum on

2、July 16the museums first Family Day of the seasonto tell you all about her adventures.(Okay, its actually an actress pretending to be Earhart.) NASA astronaut Patrick Forrester will be there to answer your questions, too.Come to learn how space exploration changed the world.Another Family Day event

3、takes place on July 25. At “Discover the Moon Day！” you can steer(驾驶) a robotic rover (a vehicle for exploring the surface of a planet), examine meteorites(陨石) that were found on the moon, see the capsule(太空舱) that took the Apollo 11 astronauts there and back and view photos of the lunar surface usi

4、ng 3D glasses.You can create lunar art and take a moon quiz. Well give you one example: July 20, 196946 years ago this month. Do you know what happened that day?National Air and Space MuseumIndependence Avenue at Sixth Street SWOpen daily 10 am. to 7：30 pm. through September 1 (with a few early clos

5、ings at 5：30 pm.; visit our website for details)Family Day programs are from 10 am. to 3 pm.Information specialists are available Monday through Friday from 9 am. to 5 pm. and Saturday from 9 am. to 4 pm.All ages, but best for age 7 and older.For more information, call 2026332214 or go to www.airand

6、space.si.edu.【解题导语】本文是一篇应用文，是美国国家航空航天博物馆的活动介绍。1What can museum visitors do on July 16?ACreate lunar art.BStep into an unusual capsule.CSee a movie about Earharts adventures.DLearn about a missing woman pilots life.D解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的 Pioneering pilot Amelia Earhart disappeared on a flight 和 on July 16

7、. to tell you all about her adventures 可知，在7月16日博物馆的家庭日活动中，游客可以学习了解一些关于 Earhart 这名失踪的女飞行员的故事。2What do we know about “Discover the Moon Day！”？AIt includes a moon quiz competition.BIts the first Family Day at the museum.CIt features a famous astronauts explanations.DIt gives people firsthand experienc

8、e of space.D解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中列举的“发现月球日”活动：steer(驾驶) a robotic rover, examine meteorites(陨石), see the capsule(太空舱)和 view photos of the lunar surface 可知，该活动给人们提供亲身体验太空的机会。3Whats the closing time for the Family Day programs?A3 pm.B4 pm.C5：30 pm.D7：30 pm.A解析：细节理解题。根据文章后半部分中的 Family Day programs are from 1

9、0 am. to 3 pm.可知，家庭日的活动最晚到下午3点结束。BMars is the secondsmallest planet in the Solar System. And like the Earth, the climate of Mars has changed over time. Today, Mars is cold and dry and liquid water is not stable on the surface. However, Mars has valley networks, deltas and lake deposits(沉积物). It mean

10、s it must have had freely flowing water at some point, probably around 4 billion years ago.But climate models of the planets deep past havent been able to produce warm enough conditions to allow liquid water on the surface. “There are people trying to model Mars ancient climate using the same kind o

11、f models we use here on Earth, and theyre having a really hard time doing it. Its difficult to create a warm ancient Mars because the Sun was less brighter then and the whole Solar System was cooler at that time，” said Briony Horgan, an assistant professor of earth, atmosphere and planet sciences at

12、 Purdue University. “While a lot of people are using climate models, were coming at this from a special viewwhat do the volcanic(火山的) records of Mars tell us？”Volcanic eruptions(喷发) always happened throughout Mars early history. When volcanoes erupt under the ice, the mixture of heat and melt water

13、could create flattopped mountains called “tuyas”， or table mountains. “We now have data that say there had to have been ice on Mars at some point，” said Ackiss, a Ph.D. candidate at Purdue.If researchers could find evidence for the volcanic activity under ice elsewhere, it would make sure the case f

14、or a very cold ancient Mars. But dont fear, space lovers. This doesnt kill the possibility of past life on Mars. “Even if Mars was a cold and icy wasteland, these volcanic eruptions acting with ice could have created a little happy place for life to exist，” Horgan said.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家Brion

15、y Horgan根据火山运动推测火星过去的气候。4According to Paragraph 1, Mars in our Solar System _.Ahad water long agoBhas cold and wet climateChas valleys and lakes nowDis the second largest planetA解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的It means it must have had freely flowing water at some point, probably around 4 billion years ago.可知，很久以前火

16、星上有水。5When talking about the research of Mars ancient climate, Briony Horgan _Awas confused about the change of itBsuggested studying it in the traditional wayCwas for climate models used on Earth for itDconsidered volcanic records as important evidenceD解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的While a lot of people are usin

17、g climate models, were coming at this from a special view.可知，Briony Horgan认为火山记录是研究过去火星气候很重要的证据。6What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs?AThere was no ice on Mars in old days.BThere might be living things on ancient Mars.CThe volcanic eruptions showed evidence of life.DThe volcanoes on Mar

18、s erupt frequently nowadays.B解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的This doesnt kill the possibility of past life on Mars.以及.these volcanic eruptions acting with ice could have created a little happy place for life to exist.可知，过去火星上可能会存在生命。CMost people have experienced ostracism(孤立) as an observer, whether in school, at w

19、ork, or among family or friends. Even the people who are not in trouble often couldnt keep calm when it comes to ostracism. And when a group ostracizes someone out of unkind reasons, others usually view it very negatively as unfair. However, outsiders may also judge(评判) ostracism to be acceptable, f

20、or example, when the person ostracized has behaved out of place.A research team from the University of Basel led by the psychologist Dr. Selma Rudert has now researched five studies. These studies are used to examine by what evidence people are influenced in such judgment situations. The number of v

21、olunteers in each of the studies ranges from 30 to 527. The result shows that when somebody is visibly different from the others, the person will be ostracized. We consider that this person is ostracized only because of differences.The researchers showed the volunteers various situations of ostracis

22、m. Imagine there were three students in a room. The ideas and suggestions from one of the students were regularly taken no notice by the other two. When the ostracized person was “different” from the other two, for example, outsiders judged the ostracism to be unfair. They were annoyed at the two st

23、udents. However, when the group members were more similarsuch as all from the same country, the outsiders viewpoints changed. In this case, they thought the ostracized person was negative, and considered the ostracism on him/her was reasonable.“These studies are important for topics such as ostracis

24、m in schools or workplaces，” says Rudert. When people are too heavily influenced by factors on the surface only and dont care actual information, it can quickly lead to misjudgments. “In fact，” says Rudert, “you should always try to understand the whole history behind an ostracism situation before j

25、udging.”【解题导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了群体内的相似性影响着人们对孤立现象的评判。7What do outsiders think of ostracism?AIt is always unfair.BIt is unkind to others.CIt can be accepted at times.DIt can help people keep calm.C解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的.outsiders may also judge(评判) ostracism to be acceptable.可知，旁观者有时认为孤立是可以接受的。8What can we l

26、earn from Paragraph 2?AThere are 2，785 volunteers totally in the studies.BThe ostracized people behave differently from others.CThese studies examine the evidence of peoples differences.DPeople are easily influenced by others when judging somebody.B解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的The result shows that when somebody

27、 is visibly different from the others, the person will be ostracized. We consider that this person is ostracized only because of differences.可知，被孤立的人通常行为举止异于他人。9The outsiders showed negative opinions on the ostracized person when _Athe person had annoyed themBthere were more similarities among themC

28、their ideas were taken no notice by the personDthey wanted to have no relationship with the personB解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的.when the group members were more similarsuch as all from the same country, the outsiders viewpoints changed. In this case, they thought the ostracized person was negative, and consider

29、ed the ostracism on him/her was reasonable.可知，当小组成员有相似之处的时候，旁观者不会同情被孤立的人。10Whats Ruderts suggestion on the ostracism?AGiving support to the ostracized people.BPaying more attention to the ostracized people.CKnowing about the actual situation before judging.DAvoiding talking about ostracized people i

30、n schools.C解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的.you should always try to understand the whole history behind an ostracism situation before judging.可知，Rudert建议人们在评判之前先了解情况。 七选五Many of us long to give a humorous speech well. We imagine ourselves being clever, telling jokes, seeing our hearers smile appreciatively, and la

31、ugh in the places where theyre meant to.1._ If youre trying to give a humorous speech, here are some tips.2_ Is the primary goal of your speech to be funny or is it to give knowledge with humor? Unless you are a comedian, the main purpose of your speech is probably to give your message in an enterta

32、ining way, which will include humor. This implies that you will use humor as a tool to help you communicate and carry your message to the audience.Understanding humor. Humor comes in many shapes and sizes from silly smiles to belly laughs(捧腹大笑).3._ This enables you to choose what will suit your audi

33、ence, your speech topic, and the occasion.Learning to use humor effectively. What works, what doesnt, and why? We know adding humor to our presentations makes them more effective and more memorable, but sometimes the more we try, the worse it gets. The jokes may fall flat.4._Practising before you gi

34、ve your speech. Having prepared your speech, youre ready for practising. Try to practise more time.5._ Youll find out what works, what doesnt, where you need to edit and why. Truly, Im not exaggerating(夸张) when I say that practice can make all the difference between success and disappointment.ABut t

35、his is not easy to achieve.BIn this way, you will improve your speech.CUnderstanding the main purpose of your speech.DAsking for advice if you dont know how to make it.ESo its unlikely that youll deliver a humorous speech.FKnowing the variety of it can help you use humor more effectively.GTherefore,

36、 its important for you to know how to use humor effectively.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何创作出一篇富有幽默感的演讲稿提了几点建议。1A解析：此空设于段中，与上文存在逻辑上的转折关系。本空前讲的是一场幽默的演讲的效果，本空后就如何创作出一篇富有幽默感的演讲稿提了几点建议，故此处需要一个承上启下的句子，故可推出答案。2C解析：此空设于段首，是本段的主题句，后面提到的要懂得演讲稿的主要目的都是围绕这一句展开的。3F解析：此空设于段中，与上文存在逻辑上的指代关系。本句中的it指代上文的humor，是指懂得幽默的种类能帮助我们更有效地使用幽默。4G解析：此空设于段尾，是对这一段讲述的内容进行总结。前面讲的是在演讲稿中正确使用幽默并不容易，所以我们需要知道怎样才能高效使用幽默。5B解析：此空设于段中，与上文存在逻辑上的顺承关系。根据上文的Having prepared your speech.Try to practise more time.可知，准备好演讲稿后，你就准备好练习了。尝试练习更多时间。这样，你的演讲就会得到提高。