2019-2020学年北师大英语必修四新素养同步讲义：UNIT 11 THE MEDIA SECTION Ⅲ　LESSON 2 .doc

1、Section Lesson 2 & Lesson 31arise vi.发生，出现2blame vt. 责怪，归咎于3attempt vt.& n. 尝试，试图4attitude n. 态度，看法5pretend vt. 假装6respect vt. 尊敬，尊重7approach n. 方法，方式8analyse vt.分析analysis n分析9employ vt.雇用employment n雇用10defend vt.为辩解；保卫defence n保卫；辩护11argument n争论；理由argue vt.争论12favour n赞同；恩惠favorable adj.支持的13dis

2、agreement n意见不一；分歧disagree vi.不同意；不一致14advertise vt.为做广告，登广告advertisement n广告15suitable adj.合适的suit vt.适合16contribution n贡献，捐助contribute v贡献；捐赠1in_favour_of 支持，赞同2consist_of 由组成3. turn_to 转向；翻书到；求助于4agree_with 同意5a_series_of 一系列的6be_responsible_for 对负责7give_up 放弃8set_out 出发；开始1疑问词不定式If there is a di

3、sagreement in your family about which_programme_to_watch(看哪个节目)，who in your family do you turn to for support?2be likely to do.可能做It_is_likely_to_be(它可能是) just the name of a company, part of which may be a general location.3动名词作主语For many of todays advertisers, repeating_old_ideas(重复旧的理念) is not a s

4、uccessful approach.4make宾语宾补By doing this, they hope to make_people_forget(使人们忘记) that someone is trying to sell them something!5not all.不全是However，not_all_advertising(不是所有的广告) is about selling products and services for a profit.Read the text carefully and choose the best answer according to the tex

5、t.1Which one is NOT a public advertisement?AFighting AIDS.BSaving water.CHelping the poor.DShanghai Sewing Machine.2Whats the top advertisements aim?ATo create something that has never been seen before and is fascinating for people to look at.BTo make contributions to society.CTo use modern techniqu

6、es of design.DTo make people know their products.3The last paragraph is about_Athe simplest adsBmodern adsCthe top ads of today Dpublic ads4Whats the main idea of the text?AThe advertising skills.BThe effects of advertising.CWith the development of the society，the advertising changes a lot.DThe kind

7、s of advertising.答案：14.DADCThe Advertising GameThe classic advertisement is one that gives information about finding certain products.It is likely to be just the name of a company，part of which may be a general location. For example，it could be “Shanghai Sewing Machine”，or “Tsing Tao Beer Corporatio

8、n”，and you would know what the companies sell，where they are located，and the brand names.However，this kind of advertising might not be suitable when there are products and services in direct competition with each other in the market place.In such situations，advertisements need to attract，and hold th

9、e attention of the public.Some advertisements consist of pictures or the words of experts to show people how good the products are.Others try to create advertisements that people simply enjoy looking at.As presentday advertisers often have large budgets，a lot of money is spent on applying modern tec

10、hniques of design to make these advertisements as visually attractive as possible.advertise dvtaz vt.为做广告，登广告advertisement n广告classic klsk adj.传统的；经典的that引导定语从句，修饰one。be likely to do sth.可能做某事此处是of which引导定语从句，修饰the name of a company。sew s vt.缝，缝制sewing s n缝纫，缝制品beer b n啤酒corporation kpren n公司locate

11、 vt.使坐落于be located in/ at.位于brand brnd n商标，牌子suitable sutbl adj.合适的；be suitable for.适合于in competition with.与竞争hold ones attention吸引某人的注意力consist of.由组成； 无被动用法，无进行时用法此处how 引导宾语从句。advertiser dvtaz n广告人budget bdt n预算visually vli adv.外表上；视觉地广告游戏传统的广告只为找到某种产品提供信息。它很可能只是公司的名称，其中可能含有公司的大概位置。如：“上海缝纫机厂”，或“青岛

12、啤酒厂”，一看你就知道他们卖的产品、地理位置和品牌名称。然而，这种广告可能就不太适合，如果产品和服务在市场上互相进行直接竞争的时候。在这种情况下，广告需要吸引和保持公众的注意力。有些广告中含有一些专家的图片或专家说的话，告诉人们该产品如何好。还有一些广告的设计只是让人们欣赏其画面。当今的广告设计者常常拥有大量的资金，他们把大笔的钱用在现代设计技术上，以使广告在视觉上尽可能地吸引人。 However，even this is often not enough to be noticed in a modern city.Because of the advertising boom，people

13、 are used to seeing high standards of visual design.Modern advertisements must stand out in a world full of competition by combining the highest standards of design with ideas linked to the products to make them more attractive. For example，some advertisements may suggest that buying a car can make

14、you free. That is，they use the concept of freedom to sell the car.Other common ideas include happiness，wealth and success.In fact，in the world of advertisements，such content is as old as advertising itself.For many of todays advertisers，repeating old ideas is not a successful approach. They realise

15、that it does not matter how attractive the idea linked with the product ismost people know that the main purpose of the advertisement is making customers spend money.Instead，these advertisers look for other ways to make people notice their products.The top advertisers of today believe that using hum

16、our as well as new and unusual ideas to surprise people is important in modern advertisements.Their aim is to create something that has never been seen before and is fascinating for people to look at.By doing this，they hope to make people forget that someone is trying to sell them something！boom bum

17、 n迅速增长be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事；used to do sth.过去常常做某事；be used to do sth.被用来做某事visual vl adj.视觉的，视力的stand out 突出，显眼stand for 代表过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰ideas。that 引导宾语从句。concept knsept n概念；观念此处是动名词作主语。approach prt n方法，方式the approach to sth.做某事的方法第一个that引导宾语从句，作realise的宾语；it是形式主语，how引导主语从句；第二个that引导宾语从句，作know

18、的宾语。humour hjum n幽默humorous adj.幽默的a sense of humour幽默感此处的不定式作表语；that引导定语从句，修饰something。然而即使这样，这经常不足以在现代城市中引起关注。由于广告的繁荣，人们习惯于看到高水准的视觉设计。现代广告要想在激烈的竞争中胜出，必须把最高水平的设计和产品理念相结合。比如，有些广告示意买车可以给您自由。其实，他们是在用自由的理念来卖车。其他常见的理念包括幸福、财富和成功。事实上，就广告界而言，这些内容都已很陈旧。对当今很多广告设计者来说，重复旧的理念已不是有效的办法。他们意识到，与产品相关联的理念多么吸引人并不重要多数人

19、知道广告的主要目的就是让消费者花钱。因此，广告设计者寻找其他方式来使人们关注他们的产品。当今的顶级广告设计者认为，在现代广告中运用幽默、新颖独特和出其不意的创意很重要。他们的目的是要创造一种人们以前没有见过的、赏心悦目的东西。通过这样做，他们希望能使人们忘记有人正在向他们推销商品！ However，not all advertising is about selling products and services for a profit. Some contemporary advertisements mainly aim to make contributions to society.

20、There are public advertisements which encourage citizens to participate in improving their neighbourhood，protecting the environment，and helping other people.Over the last decade，the government has worked hard at using advertisements to educate the public on fighting AIDS，saving water，helping the poo

21、r，giving up smoking，etc.These advertisements have helped to increase public knowledge，which has made our society a better place for everyone.not all.表达的是部分否定，意为：并非所有的广告都是为了盈利而推销产品和服务。contemporary kntemprri adj.当代的aim to do sth.目标是做某事contribution kntrbjun n贡献，捐助make a contribution to.对做贡献citizen stzn

22、 n公民；市民which引导定语从句，修饰advertisements。over the last decade在过去的十年里，常与现在完成时连用。which引导非限制性定语从句，指上文的整件事情。然而，并非所有的广告都是为了盈利而推销产品和服务。一些当代广告的主要目的是为社会做贡献。如：公益广告鼓励人们参与改善社区、保护环境和帮助他人的活动。在过去的十年中，政府努力用公益广告教育公众防范艾滋病、节约用水、扶贫、戒烟等。这些公益广告有助于增加公众知识，使我们的社会变得更加美好。 arisevi.发生，出现(arose; arisen)(教材P115) Could you tell us how

23、 the problem arose?你能跟我们说说这个问题是怎么出现的吗？arise from.由引起 Problems arose over plans to build a supermarket here.在这里建新超市的计划出现了些问题。The countrys problem has arisen from the bad environment.这个国家的问题起因于糟糕的环境。risevi.上升，升起， 升高； 说明主语自身移向较高位置，常用于日、月、河水、温度、物价等，无被动语态arisevi.(问题，困难等)出现；发生， 产生；主语一般为抽象名词，如problem, trou

24、ble等，无被动语态。常用短语：arise from.由引起；因产生raisevt.提高，升起，举起；说明主语发出的动作是要作用于其他事物的，往往有使物体达到其应有的高度的含义，可用于被动语态arouse意为“激起，唤醒；使奋发”，可用于被动语态巧学活用选词填空(arise/rise/raise/arouse)(1)He rose and walked to the window.(2)He raised his hat to me as a sign of respect.(3)The birds also attack crops when the opportunity arises(4

25、)The peoples living standard has greatly been raised(5)Her temperature is still rising blamevt.& n责怪；指责；归咎于(教材P24)The media is often blamed for encouraging the paparazzi.媒体常因怂恿狗仔队而受指责。(1)blame sb.for sth./doing sth.责备某人做了某事blame sth.on sb. 把某事归咎于某人be to blame (for.) 应(对)负责任(表示被动)(2)put/lay the blame

26、 for sth.on sb. 把某事归咎于某人take the blame for sth. 对某事负责任 She blamed him for the failure of their marriage.她把他们婚姻的失败归咎于他。The boss blamed the great loss on the engineer.老板把这次大的损失归咎于这位工程师。The police said that the driver was to_blame(blame) for the accident.警察说，司机应该为这次事故负责。They shouldnt have put the blame

27、 for it on the girl.他们本不该把这件事归咎于这个女孩。We were ready to take the blame for what had happened.我们愿意对发生的事情负责。They all blamed the car accident on him.In fact，he was really to blame for his careless driving.So he took the blame for it without any complaint. attemptv& n尝试，试图，努力 (教材P115)But sometimes，the pap

28、arazzi go too far in their attempt to get the best photographs.但是有时，狗仔队得走很远，企图获得最好的照片。(1)attempt to do sth.试图/努力做某事(2)at the/ones first attempt 第一次尝试make an attempt to do sth. 试图做某事(3)attempted adj. 未遂的 They are attempting to climb from the mountains north face.他们正试图从山北面爬上去。The book attempted to_exp

29、lain(explain) the origins of the war.这本书试图阐述战争的起源。The girl failed to pass the driving test at the first attempt.这个女孩第一次考驾照没过。They made an attempt to persuade the girl to quit, but failed.他们试图说服这个女孩放弃，但是失败了。He was thrown in prison because of an attempted(attempt) murder.他因为涉嫌谋杀未遂而被抓进监狱了。巧学活用一句多译这个小偷试

30、图从大厅里逃跑，但是失败了。(1)The thief attempted_to_escape_from the hall ，but failed.(attempt v)(2)The thief made_an_attempt_to_escape_from the hall ，but failed.(attempt n) defendvt.保卫；防御；辩解(教材P115)But I know there are people who defend the paparazzi.但是我知道有保护狗仔队的人。(1)defend.from/against.保卫免受defend oneself 自我辩护(

31、2)defence n. 保卫；保护；防御in defence of 为了保护；为辩护 Thousands of young men came forward, willing to defend their country.成千上万的年轻人挺身而出，愿意保卫自己的国家。He has employed one of the UK.s top lawyers to_defend(defend) him.他请了英国一位顶尖律师为他辩护。Some think that students should be trained to defend themselves against some attac

32、ks.有些人认为应该训练学生保护自己免遭某些攻击。Every mother should try her best to defend her child from being hurt.When the children were misunderstood, she should be in defence of them.In addition, she should teach the children to learn to defend themselves.巧学活用句型转换The woman rushed out to defend her daughter immediatel

33、y.The woman rushed out in_defence_of_her_daughter_immediately pretendvt.假装(教材P24)Pretending to be a repair man to get into the house of a film star and take pictures of her daily life.假装成一个维修工进入电影明星的家去拍摄她日常生活的照片。pretend to do.假装做pretend to be doing. 假装正在做pretend to have done. 假装做过pretend that. 假装 We

34、 are never going to make the marriage work, so why pretend?我们完全不打算挽救我们的婚姻，那又何必假装呢？She closed her eyes and pretended to_be(be) asleep.她闭上眼睛，假装睡着了。When I entered the room, he pretended to_be_listening (listen) to the music.我进入房间时，他假装正在听音乐。In fact, the man pretended to_have_known(know) the truth.事实上，这个

35、人假装知道了事情的真相。Im sorry, but I cant just sit back and pretend that it hasnt happened.对不起，但是我不能坐视不管，假装一切没有发生。巧学活用句型转换(1)He pretended to be ill that day.He pretended that_he_was_ill_that_day(2)The man pretended that he was looking for something.The man pretended_to_be_looking_for_somethingrespect vt.尊敬；尊

36、重n尊敬；重视；方面(pl.)问候；问好(教材P25)The media should respect famous peoples privacy.媒体应尊重名人的隐私。(1)have/show respect for sb.尊重某人out of respect for. 出于对的尊敬；顾及(2)respect sb.for sth. 因某事而尊敬某人respect oneself 自重(3)give/send ones respects to sb. 向某人表示敬意in all/many respects 在各个方面/在许多方面 I hope airlines can show more

37、respect for passengers and improve service.我希望航空公司能多尊重乘客并提高服务水平。She is respected for her kindness and broad knowledge.她因心地善良和知识广博而受到尊重。Out_of_respect,_wed better ask him for advice on this matter.出于尊重，我们最好就此事征求他的建议。approachn方法；方式 vi.靠近；走近；处理；临近(教材P26)For many of todays advertisers，repeating old idea

38、s is not a successful approach.对当今很多广告设计者来说，重复旧的理念已不是有效的办法。(1)approach sb./sth.靠近/接近某人/某物be approaching 临近，靠近(2)(an)approach to 接近，近似；(做某事)的 方法(途径)at the approach of. 在快到的时候 Buried in painting，John didnt notice evening approaching.由于专心绘画，约翰没有注意到夜幕正在降临。As Teachers Day was approaching(approach)，our cl

39、ass decided to hold a party to celebrate the important day for a change this year.随着教师节的临近，今年我们班决定换一种方式举行一场晚会来庆祝这个重要的节日。The best approach to building(build) up your body is to do exercise every day.增强体质的最佳方法就是每天进行体育锻炼。All the approaches(approach) to the airport were blocked by the police.所有通往机场的路都被警

40、察封锁了。approach作名词表示“方法，途径；通路”之意时，其后常接介词 to；way，means，method表示“方法”时，其后常接介词of。 in favour of支持；赞同；有利于(教材P115)Since then，the law and the public opinion have been less in favour of the paparazzi and their job.从那以后，法律和公众意见减少了对狗仔队及他们的工作的支持。 “in名词of”短语：in advance of在之前in case of 如果；万一in charge of 看护；管理；负责in

41、defence of 保卫；为辩护in fear of 害怕in honour of 为了纪念in memory of 为纪念in place of 代替in possession of 拥有in need of 需要in search of 寻找in spite of 尽管in support of 支持in praise of 赞扬 Everyone in the class voted in favour of the musical party.班里每个人都投票赞成开个音乐会。Galileos theories were in advance of the age in which h

42、e lived.伽利略的思想超越了他所生活的时代。In case of danger, you must be calm.如果遇到危险， 你必须镇定。He is in charge of the school.他负责管理这所学校。 consist of由组成(教材P26)Some advertisements consist of pictures or the words of experts to show people how good the products are.有些广告中含有一些专家的图片或专家说的话，告诉人们该产品如何好。(1)consist ofbe made up of

43、be composed of由组成consist in 在于；存在于consist with 与一致(2)consistent adj. 前后一致的；相符的be consistent in. 在方面一致be consistent with. 与一致；符合 Your password should consist of at least five characters.你的密码应该至少包括五个字符。The beauty of this city consists in the old buildings.这个城市的美在于这些古老的建筑。What you say should consist wi

44、th what you do.你应该言行一致。The report is not consistent(consist) with the truth.这个报告与真相不相符。巧学活用一句多译这个小组由5名医生和10名护士组成。(1)The team consists_of_five doctors and ten nurses.(2)The team_is_made_up_of_five doctors and ten nurses.(3)The team is_composed_of_five doctors and ten nurses. (教材P25)If there is a disa

45、greement in your family about which programme to watch，who in your family do you turn to for support？如果你家人在看哪个节目上有异议，你会向家中哪位寻求支持？(1)If.to watch为条件状语从句，who.for support为主句。which programme to watch为“疑问词动词不定式”作 about 的宾语。(2)不定式可以和疑问代词who，what，which及疑问副词when，how，where连用，构成不定式短语，在句中担当主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语等成分。 Wh

46、at to do is a big problem.做什么是个大问题。He doesnt know how to_complete(complete) the task.他不知道如何完成这个任务。I didnt find out when to_leave(leave)我不清楚何时出发的。Can you tell me which way to_go(go)? 你能告诉我走哪条路吗？The girl wrote two books on how to_do(do) sports.这个女孩写了两本关于如何做运动的书。 (教材P26)However，not all advertising is a

47、bout selling products and services for a profit.然而，并非所有的广告都是为了盈利而推销产品和服务。本句not allall.not为部分否定， 表示 “并非所有的都” 。部分否定通常有以下几种情况：(1)否定词与 all, both, every, everyone, everything等连用(不管否定词放在什么位置)；(2)否定词和always, often等连用。 What do you think of the songs?你认为这些歌曲怎么样？As a matter of fact, not every one of them soun

48、ds beautiful.事实上，并不是每一首歌曲都好听。All these books are not popular with people.Not_all these books are popular with people.这些书并非全都受人们的欢迎。Both of the two math problems are not very difficult.Not_both of the two math problems are very difficult.这两道数学题并非都很难。全部否定的情况：(1)表示全部否定意义的词(no, none, nobody, nothing, no

49、 one, neither等)表示肯定意义的谓语(2)否定词any/anybody/anything.学生用书P39 品句填词1The latest information confirms my belief that he is to _(应负责任)答案：blame2If we cant solve the problem right now，more serious ones will _(出现) soon.答案：arise3After graduation，Jean was _(雇用) by a company as an accountant.答案：employed4To expan

50、d his company，Bill will _(尝试) to develop the international business.答案：attempt5When the dog attacked me，I _(保卫) myself with a stick.答案：defended6She _(假装) that she was not at home when we rang the bell.答案：pretended7He is very well _(尊敬) in the business world.答案：respected8Having a healthy _(态度) toward

51、s life is important for us to be happy.答案：attitude9The dress isnt _(适合的) for the party；youd better get changed.答案：suitable10If you want to sell your product，you must _(做广告) it.答案：advertise 单句改错1As a student, we should show respect to our teachers._答案：tofor2The police fired into the air in a attempt

52、to disperse the crowd._答案：aan3Who is it that is blame for the rise in house prices？_答案：blame前加to4It is said that the problem arise from his careless attitude._答案：arisearises5Drinking too much will contribute to you lose your health._答案：loselosing 完成句子1我们还没有决定去哪里。We havent decided _答案：where to go2汤姆将

53、告诉你乘哪一路公共汽车。Tom will tell you _答案：which bus to take3问题是要如何去做。The question is _答案：how to do4并不是我所有的朋友都懂法语。All my friends _ French.答案：do not know5他们中没有一个人会酿酒。_ can make wine.答案：None of themA卷学生用书P109(单独成册) 单句语法填空1The problem arose _ the recent changes in the law.答案：from2You are not wholly to blame _ t

54、he failure in the game.答案：for3The government has reduced its expense on _(defend)答案：defence4She pretended _(forget) the conversation，but she had not.答案：to have forgotten5Get on your feet and show respect _ your visitor.答案：for6He had _ money for books.答案：no7The true wealth does not consist _ what we

55、are.答案：in8She makes a big _(contribute) to modern sculpture.答案：contribution9We must take a scientific approach _ the problem.答案：to10This isnt a _(suit) place to unload the van.答案：suitable 阅读理解AYou either have it or you donta sense of direction，that is.But why is it that some people could find their

56、way across the Sahara without a map，while others can lose themselves in the next street?Scientists say were all born with a sense of direction，but it is not properly understood how it works.One theory is that people with a good sense of direction have simply worked harder at developing it .Research

57、being carried out at Liverpool University supports his idea and suggests that if we dont use it，we lose it.“Children as young as seven have the ability to find their way around，” says Jim Martland，Research Director of the project.“However，if they are not allowed out alone or are taken everywhere by

58、car，they never develop the skills.”Jim Martland also emphasizes that young people should be taught certain skills to improve their sense of direction.He makes the following suggestions：If you are using a map，turn it so it relates to the way you are facing.If you leave your bike in a strange place，pu

59、t it near something like a big stone or a tree.Note landmarks on the route as you go away from your bike.When you return，go back along the same route.Simplify the way of finding your direction by using lines such as streets in a town，streams，or walls in the countryside to guide you.Count your steps

60、so that you know how far you have gone and note any landmarks such as tower blocks or hills which can help to find out where you are.【解题导语】本文介绍了人的方向感的知识以及如何改善方向感。1Scientists believe that _Asome babies are born with a sense of directionBpeople learn a sense of direction as they grow olderCpeople neve

61、r lose their sense of directionDeverybody has a sense of direction from birthD解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的 Scientists say were all born with a sense of direction可知，科学家认为我们生来就有方向感。2What is TRUE of sevenyearold children according to the passage?AThey never have a sense of direction without maps.BThey should never

62、 be allowed out alone if they lack a sense of direction.CThey have a sense of direction and can find their way around.DThey can develop a good sense of direction if they are driven around in a car.C解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Children as young as seven have the ability to find their way around，” says Jim Martl

63、and可知，七岁的孩子就有能力找到回家的路。故选C项。3If you leave your bike in a strange place，you should _Atie it to a tree so as to prevent it from being stolenBdraw a map of the route to help remember where it isCavoid taking the same route when you come back to itDremember something easily recognizable on the routeD解析：细

64、节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的Note landmarks on the route as you go away from your bike.When you return，go back along the same route.可知，记住一些地标建筑会有助于找到方向。4According to the passage the best way to find your way around is to _Aask policemen for directions Buse walls，streams，and streets to guide yourselfCremember your

65、route by looking out for steps and stairsDcount the number of landmarks that you seeB解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的Simplify the way of finding your direction by using lines such as streets in a town，streams，or walls in the countryside to guide you.可知答案。BIf Confucius(孔子) were still alive today and could celebrate

66、 his September 28 birthday with a big cake，there would be a lot of candles.Hed need a fan or a strong wind to help him put them out.While many people in China will remember Confucius on his special day，few people in the United States will give him a passing thought.Its nothing personal.Most American

67、s dont even remember the birthdays of their own national heroes.But this doesnt mean that Americans dont care about Confucius.In many ways he has become a bridge that foreigners must cross if they want to reach a deeper understanding of China.In the past two decades，the Chinese studies programs have

68、 gained huge popularity in Western universities.More recently，the Chinese government has set up Confucius Institutes in more than 80 countries.These schools teach both Chinese language and culture.The main courses of Chinese culture usually include Chinese art，history and philosophy(哲学)Some social s

69、cientists suggest that Westerners should take advantage of the ancient Chinese wisdom to make up for the drawbacks of Western philosophy.Students in the United States，at the same time，are racing to learn Chinese.So they will be ready for life in a world where China is an equal power with the United

70、States.Businessmen who hope to make money in China are reading books about Confucius to understand their Chinese customers.So the old thinkers ideas are still alive and well.Today China attracts the West more than ever，and it will need more teachers to introduce Confucius and Chinese culture to the

71、West.As for the old thinker，he will not soon be forgotten by people in the West，even if his birthday is.5The opening paragraph is mainly intended to _Aprovide some key facts about ConfuciusBattract the readers interest in the subjectCshow great respect for the ancient thinkerDprove the popularity of

72、 modern birthday celebrationsB解析：写作意图题。作者首先提出，如果孔子活到今天，按照西方国家的方式点蜡烛庆祝他的生日，吹蜡烛将会是一件麻烦的事。作者以这个作为开场白，目的是吸引读者。C项有一定的干扰性。6We can learn from Paragraph 4 that American students _Ahave a great interest in studying ChineseBtake an active part in Chinese competitionsCtry to get high scores in Chinese examsDfi

73、ght for a chance to learn ChineseA解析：推理判断题。第四段的第一句就是本段的主旨句。这一段讲述了孔子文化在西方国家的受欢迎程度，由此可以得出答案。7What is the best title for the passage?AForgotten Wisdom in AmericaBHuge Fans of the Chinese LanguageCChinese Culture for WesternersDOld Thinker with a Big FutureD解析：标题归纳题。全文讲述了孔子学院在西方国家受欢迎的程度。它架起了一座东方文化向西方传播的

74、桥梁，因此是古老的思想家与未来的结合。C项有一定的干扰性。本文主要介绍了孔子思想在西方国家的传播，C项的范围过大。8The passage is likely to appear in _Aa biographyBa history paperCa newspaperDa philosophy textbookC解析：文章出处题。本文介绍了孔子学院在西方的盛行，因此属于报道类文章，应出现在报纸上。 七选五Imagine sitting in a classroom and not being able to see a picture that your teacher is showing.

75、Imagine driving a car, not knowing that your vision is so bad and that driving is dangerous to you and others.1._That is because there are not enough eye specialists(眼科医生) to find and treat eyesight problems in many poor nations.In some developing countries，there is only one eye specialist for every

76、 eight million people.2._He started the group Global Vision 2020, which is working to bring eye tests and lowcost eyeglasses to people in developing countries.3_That is too much for most people in many developing countries where many earn $2 a day or less, White said.White has developed a lowcost to

77、ol that teachers, nurses, and almost anyone can be trained to use and quickly learn if children or adults need glasses. White showed his system at a coffee shop near Global Visions office in Easton, Maryland.In less than five minutes, he tested the eyesight of a woman who could not see things well a

78、 short distance away.He then picked out the correct lenses(镜片) for her, and placed them into a frame.4._This meant she could see a group of letters about six meters away.5_For example, White said, studies show that people with vision problems drop out of school at higher rates than those with normal

79、 vision.He believes many car accidents are caused by people who need but do not have glasses, so people with eyesight problems should be helped to see normally.AShe could then see normally.BThats what JKevin White found.CIt is helpful to be able to see clearly.DThe woman loved wearing it very much.E

80、Not every child can afford a pair of glasses.FFor millions of people, that condition is normal.GA person can expect to pay $100 for an eye test and a pair of glasses. 【解题导语】很多发展中国家的小孩视力有问题，他们需要戴眼镜，可眼镜对于他们而言太贵了。1F解析：第一段主要描写了一些因视力差而会导致的一些后果，故很多人都视力差最符合语境。2B解析：根据第二段的In some developing countries，there i

81、s only one eye specialist for every eight million people.以及He started the group Global Vision 2020可知，这些数据正是J.Kevin White收集发现的。3G解析：根据第三段的That is too much for most people in many developing countries where many earn $2 a day or less, White said.可知，这里是在讲做一次眼睛测试及配一副眼镜所需要的价格。4A解析：根据第四段的This meant she co

82、uld see a group of letters about six meters away.可知，那个女人戴上眼镜后就能看清楚了。5C解析：根据末段那些例子可知，能够看清楚东西很有用。B卷学生用书P111(单独成册) 阅读理解When a child has been told he is “uncool”， it can be very painful. He may say that he doesnt care, and even act in ways that are the opposite of cool on purpose. But these are simply w

83、ays to deal with sadness by pretending its nothing.Helping a child like this has to be done carefully, otherwise the child will be guided in a wrong way. If you say “Why are you worried about what other children think about you? It doesnt matter！”， children know that it does matter. Instead, an acti

84、ve way may be best. You could say，“Im going to do a couple of things to help make school feel better for you.”If a boy is having trouble making friends, it helps most if he can be in a school and in a class. The teacher can arrange things so that he has chances to use his abilities to be helpful to

85、class projects. This is how the other children learn to value his good qualities and to like him. A teacher can also raise a childs popularity in the group by showing that she values that child. It even helps to put him in a seat next to a very popular child, or to let him be partners with that chil

86、d in activities, etc.There are things that the parents can do at home, too. Be friendly when your child brings others home to play. Encourage him to invite friends to meals and then serve the dishes that they consider “super”. When you plan weekend trips, picnics, movies, and other shows, invite ano

87、ther child with whom your child wants to be friends.What you can do after is to give him a chance to join a group that may be shutting him out. Then, if he has good qualities, he can start to build real friendships of his own.【解题导语】本文介绍了如何帮助那些认为自己“不酷”的孩子。1A child who has been told “uncool” may _Apre

88、tend to be hurt very muchBdevelop a sense of shameCdo something uncool on purposeDcare nothing about the wordC解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的He may say that he doesnt care, and even act in ways that are the opposite of cool on purpose.可知，认为自己不酷的孩子可能会故意做一些不酷的事情。2People have to be careful when it comes to helping a

89、child because the child may _Abehave in an unfriendly wayBfeel sad about themselvesCbe worried about others wordsDget misled by negative adviceD解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的Helping a child like this has to be done carefully, otherwise the child will be guided in a wrong way.(帮助一个这样的孩子必须很小心，否则这个孩子可能会被误导。)可知，选D项。3

90、The text is mainly about _Awhy some children are unpopularBwhat good points unpopular children have Chow an unpopular child can be helpedDwho cares about unpopular childrenC解析：主旨大意题。本文在第一段点出主题：But these are simply ways to deal with sadness by pretending its nothing.下文就如何帮助这类孩子提出了具体建议。故选C。 完形填空Many y

91、ears ago, when I was in high school and working on weekends, I lost my wallet. After adding gas to my old car, I paid, and_1_my wallet at the gas station. I hadnt even had time to_2_I had lost it when my phone rang. A man asked me if I had lost my wallet. I_3_my purse and to my_4_， I had.He asked me

92、 to_5_him what was in it. I did so. He then told me where to_6_my wallet.When I reached his_7_， I noticed his wheelchair and a slope(坡道) going up to the house. I thought that it might have been_8_for him to lower his body and pick up my wallet. I knocked on the door and he told me to come in. I_9_hi

93、m for finding my wallet. While I didnt want to insult(侮辱) him by offering_10_， I really felt like_11_something. So I asked him if there was anything I could do to repay his_12_， and he said，“Just pass it on.”I said I would be_13_to do that. I was raised to be honest in any case and I would have done

94、 so, _14_promising this fellow I would, but I wanted to_15_his kindness, so I promised I would.Ten years later I found a_16_lying on the ground.It_17_me several days to find the owner. He lived in another state, about 60 miles away from where I found the wallet. When he_18_me back, we_19_to meet, so

95、 I could return his wallet. He was actually_20_all his money was still in the wallet and he tried to hand me a $20 bill. I told him，“Thanks, but just pass it on.”【解题导语】捡到作者钱包的人不要任何的报酬， 只是希望作者把爱心传递下去作为感谢； 作者通过自己的善意的行为影响他人， 将爱心继续传递。1A.forgotBleftCfound DsawB解析：根据下文我去取回钱包， 可推断我把钱包掉在了加油站。leave sth. in/a

96、t. 把某物掉在了某地。而forget表示“忘记”， 不符合句意。2A.realize BregretCconsider DrecognizeA解析：根据下一句A man asked me if I had lost my wallet. 可推知在此之前我并没有“意识到”我的钱包丢了。realize意识到； regret后悔； consider考虑， 认为； recognize认出。3A.looked BcheckedCfound Dsearched forD解析：在有人问了你的钱包丢没丢后， 接下来的反应肯定是找钱包。look看； check核对； find发现； search for寻找，

97、 搜寻。D项与句意相符。4A.anger BdelightChorror DexcitementC解析：发现丢了钱包， 作者应该是恐慌的心情。to ones horror使某人感到恐慌的是。5A.tell BgiveCbuy DofferA解析：一般情况下， 拾东西的人为了弄清楚对方是否为真正的失主， 就会要求对方告诉他钱包里有什么东西。故选A项。6A.turn up Bbring upClook up Dpick upD解析：根据句意可知“他告诉我到哪里去取我的钱包。”可知要选“去拿， 去取”这样的词义。turn up出现； bring up养育， 抚养， 提出； look up查找， 向上

98、看； pick up捡起， 搭载， 去拿， 去取。故选D项。7A.house BschoolCcompany DstationA解析：根据下文的“a slope(坡道) going up to the house”可知选A项。8A.easy BpracticalCdifficult DusefulC解析：根据上文可知这个人坐着轮椅， 可推知他要弯下身体去拾钱包应该是困难的。difficult困难的。9A.presented BthankedCblamed DpaidB解析：别人还给你东西， 你自然会感谢他。10A.help BthanksCmoney DwalletC解析：根据上一句“我非常感

99、谢他帮我找到钱包。”以及本句中“提供给他_”是对他的侮辱， 以及最后一句中帮助了另外一个人后那个人的表现来看， 应填入C项。11A.leaving BsayingCoffering DowningC解析：结合本句句意可知选offer(主动提供)给。12A.labor BpatienceCkindness DsupportC解析：根据本段最后一句话可知选C项。13A.able BhardCcertain DpossibleC解析：根据下文的I was raised to be honest in any case. 可知作者答应拾钱包的人“他一定会把爱心传递的”。be certain to do

100、 sth. 一定会做某事。14A.without BwithCon DbyA解析：因为作者从小被教育一定要诚实， 可推知“即使没有答应这个人， 他也会这么做的”。介词without表示“没有”， 符合句意。15A.repay BthankCshow DreplyA解析：根据上下文可知作者一直想要回报拾钱包人的善心， 故选repay回报， 偿还。thank感谢； show出示； reply回复， 为不及物动词。16A.package BcellphoneCcard DwalletD解析：根据下文的He lived in another state, about 60 miles away fro

101、m where I found the wallet. 可知选D项。17A.spent BcostCwasted DtookD解析：it takes/took sb.some time to do sth. 为固定结构， 表示“做某事花费某人多长时间”。18A.called BpaidCbrought DwentA解析：根据上一句话可知丢钱包的人住在很远的地方， 两个人的联系方式应为打电话， 故选A项。19A.started BpreferredCagreed DfailedC解析：根据下文so I could return his wallet可知两人约定见面。agree to do sth

102、. 同意做某事。20A.satisfied BworriedCpuzzled DsurprisedD解析：看到自己钱包里的钱一点没少， 出乎那个丢钱包的人的意料， 所以可推知他很吃惊， 故选D项。 语法填空The task of being accepted in a university begins early for some students.Long before they graduate from high school，these students take special courses 1._(prepare) for advanced study.They may als

103、o take one or more examinations that test 2._ well prepared they are for the university.In the final year of high school，they complete 3._(apply) and send them to the universities which 4._(interest) them most.Some high school students may be required to have 5._ interview with people from the unive

104、rsity.6._(neat) dressed and a little bit frightened，they are determined to show that they have a good attitude and the ability to succeed.If the new students 7._(accept)，many universities will offer an instruction program for them to get to know the procedures for students advising，university rules，

105、the use of the library and all the other major 8._(serve) of the university.Beginning a new life in a new place can be very 9._(puzzle)The more knowledge students have about the school，the easier 10._ will be for them to adapt to the new environment.However，it takes time to get used to college life.

106、1to prepare解析：考查非谓语动词。此处是不定式作后置定语，修饰courses。2how解析：考查副词的用法。句意：测试他们为大学准备得多么好。3applications解析：考查词性转换。此处是名词作宾语且是复数意义。4interest解析：考查主谓一致。定语从句的谓语的数由先行词的数决定。本句的主语是universities。5an解析：考查冠词的用法。此处表示泛指，第一个发音是元音音素，意为“一次采访”。6Neatly解析：考查词性转换。此处是副词修饰动词dressed。7are accepted解析：考查动词的时态和语态。句意：如果新生被接收了故用一般现在时的被动语态。8services解析：考查词性转换。major修饰名词，此处是复数意义。“其他的主要服务”。9puzzling解析：考查词性转换。此处意为：令人迷惑的，用puzzling。10it解析：考查代词的用法。此处的it 作形式主语，真正的主语是不定式to adapt.