2019-2020学年北师大英语选修八新素养同步讲义：UNIT 22 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION SECTION Ⅰ　WARM UP .doc

1、趣味导引Traveling Light中文名称为轻装前行，是一首由Joel Hanson演唱的乡村风格歌曲。这首歌曲是很轻松的音乐，思绪在缥缈的旋律中尽情地放纵，往事在悠悠的曲子里隐现，动听的旋律勾起的总是最美好的回忆。就像在夕阳下，迎着柔和的阳光，卸下身上重重的行囊，奔向远方去旅行！Traveling LightBy Joel HansonWell I was doubling over the load on my shouldersWas a weight I carried with me everydayCrossing miles of frustrations and river

2、s a ragingPicking up stones I found along the wayI staggered and I stumbled downPathways of troubleI was hauling those souvenirs of miseryAnd with each step taken my back was breakingTill I found the One who took it all from meDown by the riverside(Down by the riverside)I laid my burdens downNow Im

3、traveling lightMy spirit lifted high(I found my freedom now)I found my freedom nowAnd Im traveling lightThrough the darkest alleys and loneliest valleysI was dragging those heavy chains of doubt and fearThen with the one word spoken the locks were brokenNow Hes leading me to placesWhere there are no

4、 tearsDown by the riverside(Down by the riverside)I laid my burdens downNow Im traveling lightMy spirit lifted high(I found my freedom now)I found my freedom nowAnd Im traveling light轻装前行乔伊汉森如双倍的重量压在肩上感觉自己每日在负重前行走过挫折的道路，穿越伤痛的河流不断俯拾寻找路旁的卵石我摇晃着，坎坷前行眼前是充满烦恼的路我拖曳着这些痛苦的负重每一步都感觉后背要被压垮直到我发现了他卸下了我全部的负重走在河滩上

5、我卸下了负重现在我轻装前行我的精神在升腾我找到了自由我轻装前行在黑暗的隧道和孤独的山谷里我曾背负那些沉重的锁链充满不安和恐惧可现在一句简单的话语，锁链已打开他引导我来到了再也不要流泪的地方走在河滩上我卸下了负重现在我轻装前行我的精神在升腾我找到了自由我轻装前行词海拾贝 frustrationfrstreInn.挫折；挫败 staggerst(r)vi.蹒跚；动摇 stumblestmblvi.跌跌撞撞地走，蹒跚 haulhlv.拖，拉 souvenirsuvnI(r)n.纪念品；礼物 dragdrv.拖拽；吃力地往前拉Section Warmup & Lesson 1Comprehending

6、Can we take the heat?In the last few decades， scientists have reached consensus and reported that human beings are causing changes in the Earths climatesomething previously seen as beyond our control. They claim that in the last 50 years, gases pumped into the Earths atmosphere by the factories and

7、vehicles have been speeding up the process of global warming and affecting our climate. Looking ahead， scientists believe that global warming could be one of the biggest environmental problems facing the 21st century .But what exactly is global warming, why is it seen as a danger, and how is it rele

8、vant to our lives?Global warming refers to an average increase in the Earths temperature that, in turn， leads to climate change. Scientists found that the temperature of the Earth is controlled by greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide which trap heat from the sun in the Earths atmosphere. Without

9、these naturally occurring gases, the suns rays would bounce back into space leaving the Earth cold and impossible to live on. When the presence of these gases in the atmosphere increases, however, more heat is trapped and the Earths temperature rises.此处意为：在过去几十年里，与现在完成时连用。in可以换为over或during。consensus

10、 knsenss n一致的意见beyond ones control超出某人的控制seen as.是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰something。claim kleIm vt.声称pump into.注入，此处是过去分词作后置定语，修饰gases。speed up加速； slow down减速look ahead展望未来，向前看此处是现在分词作后置定语，修饰problems。be seen as.被看作relevant relvnt adj.有关的 be relevant to.与相关refer rIf to 指，意即in turn 依次，反过来；in return作为回报lead to 导

11、致，to是介词。which引导定语从句，修饰gases。ray reI n光线bounce bans vi.反弹此处是现在分词短语作结果状语。trap vt.包裹，困住我们受得了这么热吗？在过去的几十年里，科学家们一致认为，人类正在造成地球气候的变化这是一种原来被认为是超出我们控制能力的现象。他们声称，在过去的50年里，工厂和车辆排入地球大气层中的气体加速了全球变暖的进程，影响了我们的气候。展望未来，科学家们认为全球变暖可能是21世纪面临的最严重的环境问题之一。但是，确切地说，什么是全球变暖？ 为什么把它视为一种危险？ 它如何与我们的生活相关呢？全球变暖指的是地球温度平均增长，继而导致气候变化

12、。科学家们发现地球的气温受温室气体如二氧化碳的控制，这些气体能将来自太阳的热量留在地球的大气层里。如果没有这些自然产生的气体，太阳光线将会被反射回太空中去，地球将处于寒冷之中，生命也就不可能在地球上存活。然而，当大气层中的这些气体的浓度不断增加时，更多的热量被留在地球，造成地球气温上升。 Over the last 100 years, the global average temperature has increased by 1F and many experts insist that the blame for this global warming can mostly be pi

13、nned on human activities. As a result of6 increased industry, agriculture7, the cutting down of forests, the increase in transport and the burning of fuels, nearly 6 tonnes of carbon dioxide goes into the atmosphere every year for every one of the Earths 6 billion people. The amount of carbon dioxid

14、e in the atmosphere has risen by more than 30% in the last 250 years with half of this increase occurring8 since 1960. Given this data, it seems that the link between human activities and rising global temperatures is not merely a coincidence9.A temperature increase of 1F may not sound like a lot, b

15、ut if we continue to produce carbon dioxide and other gases in such huge quantities: , we are condemning; life on Earth and should expect severe consequences nature such as fishing will be badly affected. Increased temperatures will also cause the polar ice to melt, raising sea levels and flooding m

16、any islands and cities?. How can we stop these disasters from happening?Governments all over the world have a responsibility to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide which their countries are producingA. If less carbon dioxide goes into the atmosphere, global warming will slow downB. This is no easy t

17、ask, however, and some governments, for example, the USAs federalC government, express reservationsD about whether global warming is really caused by human activitiesE .Many people believe that they are simply not prepared to sacrificeF the amount of money they make from industry to save the Earth.

18、But why wait around for governments to take actionG ? Experts advocateH that each person play their partI. They suggest making small changes like taking public transport, recyclingJ, using lowflow shower heads, and buying light bulbs that use less energy. Even simple things like using recycled paper

19、 or switching offK the lights when you leave a room can help. If we add upL all these small changes made by everyone worldwideM, they wont be such small changes. They could be the changes that save our future. After allN, theres no substituteO for our Earth. Its all weve got to live onP.insist vt.作“

20、坚持认为”讲时，其后的宾语从句用陈述语气；作“坚决要求”讲时，其后的宾语从句用虚拟语气。pin pIn on 把责任加在某人身上；pin blame on归咎于as a result of 因为； as a result 结果agriculture rIklt n农业此处是with复合结构，其中现在分词作宾补。coincidence kInsIdns n巧合that引导主语从句，it作形式主语。in huge quantities大量condemn kndem vt.迫使(某人)陷于不幸的境地consequence n结果，后果； as a consequence结果drought drat

21、n旱灾rely on 依靠此处是现在分词短语表示结果。stop.from.阻止做某事；from可以省略。此处的which引导定语从句，修饰carbon dioxide。slow down减慢federal fedrl adj.联邦的reservation rezveIn n保护whether引导宾语从句。sacrifice skrIfaIs vt.& vi.牺牲；献出take action采取行动advocate dvkeIt vt.主张，提倡play ones part起到某人的作用recycle risaIkl vt.回收利用switch off关闭add up 把加起来此处是过去分词短语

22、作后置定语，修饰changes。after all毕竟，终究substitute sbstItjut n代替品，代用品live on以为生；住在上在过去的100年里，全球的平均温度上升了1 华氏度，许多专家坚持认为，在很大程度上，人类的活动是导致全球变暖的重要原因。随着工业、农业规模的不断扩大，成片成片的森林被砍伐，交通运输日益频繁，燃料消耗不断增长，每年有接近6吨的二氧化碳被释放到供地球上60亿人中的每一个人呼吸的空气中。在过去的250年里，大气中的二氧化碳含量已经增加了30%以上，而其中的一半是在1960年以后增加的。考虑到这一数据，人类活动与正在上升的全球温度之间的关联似乎不仅仅是一个巧

23、合。气温升高1华氏度也许听起来无关紧要，但是如果我们继续制造如此多的二氧化碳和其他气体，我们将毁灭地球上的生命，后果将非常严重。近期的报告警告说，全球变暖将导致气候急剧变化，包括更加频繁的洪水、热浪和干旱。严重的疾病将四处扩散，自然产业如渔业将会受到严重影响。温度升高还会引起极地冰山融化，海平面上升，从而淹没许多岛屿和城市。我们怎样才能防止这些灾难发生呢？世界上的每一个政府都有责任降低自己国家二氧化碳的排放量。如果少向大气中释放二氧化碳，全球变暖就会慢下来。然而，这是一项非常艰巨的任务。一些政府，例如美国的联邦政府，对于全球变暖是否真的是由人类活动引起的仍持保留意见。许多人认为他们只是不愿意牺

24、牲自己从工业中赚到的钱来拯救地球。但是为什么要等待政府来采取行动呢？专家主张每个人都发挥作用。他们建议做一些小的改变，比如搭乘公共交通工具，回收利用，使用节水淋浴喷头，购买节能灯泡。甚至是一些非常简单的事情，如使用再生纸或离开房间时关上灯，都会有用。如果把全世界每个人做的小改变累加起来，它们就不是小的改变了，而是拯救我们未来的改变。毕竟，我们的地球是不可替代的，它是我们必须赖以生存的全部。 学生用书P6 Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.1Which is one of the biggest environmental pr

25、oblems in the 21st century?ARaising sea level.BGlobal warming.CMore and more factories.DFloods and droughts.Scientists found that the temperature is controlled by Athe sunshineBthe gas from the EarthCthe greenhouse gasesDthe Earths climateWhat results in the increase of the global average temperatur

26、e?AHuman activities.BBurning fuels.CPlanting trees. DBush fires.What is the main idea for the last paragraph?AThe USA should play an important part in reducing carbon dioxide.BEveryone should try his best to save energy and reduce carbon dioxide.CWe must study hard and often do experiments.DWe are s

27、uggested that the pupils should turn off the lights.答案：14.BCAB Analyze the following difficult sentences in the text.1A temperature increase of 1 may not sound like a lot, but if we continue to produce carbon dioxide and other gases in such huge quantities, we are condemning life on Earth and should

28、 expect severe consequences. 本句是一个由but连接的 。第二个并列分句中if引导 ， we are condemning.是 。 尝试翻译气温升高1华氏度也许 ， 但是如果我们 的二氧化碳和其他气体， 我们 ， 后果将非常严重。答案：并列句；条件状语从句；主句；听起来无关紧要；继续制造如此多；将毁灭地球上的生命2They suggest making small changes like taking public transport, recycling, using lowflow shower heads, and buying light bulbs th

29、at use less energy. 本句的主干是They suggest making small changes。介宾短语like taking.作 ， 四个并列的动名词作介词like的宾语， that use less energy是 ，修饰先行词light bulbs。 尝试翻译他们建议 ， 比如 ， 回收利用， 使用 ， 购买 灯泡。答案：后置定语；定语从句；做一些小的改变；搭乘公共交通工具；节水淋浴喷头；节能A卷学生用书P77(单独成册) 阅读理解AThere are a few fresh bookgroup ideas for improving your gathering

30、s. Start one of your own or join one that surprises and delights you.The UnderOneHourofReading ClubJoanna Goddard always wanted to join a reading club, but she knew she was a slow reader and that shed never finish a 300page novel. Her idea? Start a club based on something that takes only 45 minutes

31、to read. She says, “Articles are reallife, which makes them easier to relate to.”And the ideas discussed in those articles from magazines tend to be controversial, which leads to lots of fun, even heated debate.The ChooseYourOwnNovel Club (with a Side of Pizza)If youre the kind of person who buys ma

32、ny novels but youre still trying to finish the book you started in 2004, this club is for you. Tiffany Sun just couldnt find the time, energy or willpower to read. She and a friend decided to approach reading like “dieting, where you have a friend who keeps you on track with your eating plan, becaus

33、e shes doing it, too”. Once everyone finishes three books, the group will go out for pizza to talk about their choices and experiences. “Frankly speaking, without the pizza, I dont think any of us would make it all the way to The End month after month，” Sun says.The Club That Shares the Same DNAWhen

34、 your family are on holiday together, try presenting each member with the same book. As the family hang by the fire at night or stay around the coffeepot in the morning, theyll read. At night, over dinner, the group will also have something relatively safe and attractive to discuss, as opposed to ta

35、lking about exactly how dry the turkey is.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了几个别具一格的读书俱乐部。1How does Joanna Goddard solve her reading problem?ABy reading short articles.BBy changing her reading club.CBy making herself more patient.DBy improving her reading speed.A解析：细节理解题。根据第一个读书俱乐部描述中的Start a club based on something

36、 that takes only 45 minutes to read.可知，她选择的是碎片化的阅读，即不用花太多时间就可读完的短篇文章。2Tiffany Sun compares reading to dieting in that both of them Abenefit our healthBcause physical painsCrequire time and energyDneed outside motivationD解析：细节理解题。根据第二个读书俱乐部描述中的like “dieting, where you have a friend who keeps you on t

37、rack with your eating plan, because shes doing it, too”可知，读书与减肥的共同点就在于两者都可以有一个做同样事情的朋友，相互监督，相互鼓励，才能坚持下去。3What is the main feature of the last reading club?AAll members are strangers.BAll members read the same book.CIts members never talk about food at mealtimes.DIts members often go on holiday with

38、family members.B解析：细节理解题。根据最后一个读书俱乐部描述中的When your family are on holiday.the same book.可知，其主要特点就是大家同读一本书，这样大家就有了共同的话题。BA rainforest is an area covered by tall trees with the total high rainfall spreading quite equally through the year and the temperature rarely dipping below 16. Rainforests have a gr

39、eat effect on the world environment because they can take in heat from the sun and adjust the climate. Without the forest cover，these areas would reflect more heat into the atmosphere, warming the rest of the world. Losing the rainforests may also influence wind and rainfall patterns，potentially cau

40、sing certain natural disasters all over the world.In the past hundred years，humans have begun destroying rainforests in search of three major resources: land for crops，wood for paper and other products，land for raising farm animals. This action affects the environment as a whole. For example，a lot o

41、f carbon dioxide in the air comes from burning the rainforests. People obviously have a need for the resources we gain from cutting trees but we will suffer much more than we will benefit.There are two main reasons for this. Firstly，when people cut down trees，generally they can only use the land for

42、 a year or two. Secondly，cutting large sections of rainforests may provide a good supply of wood right now，but in the long run it actually reduces the worlds wood supply.Rainforests are often called the worlds drug store. More than 25% of the medicines we use today come from plants in rainforests. H

43、owever，fewer than 1% of rainforest plants have been examined for their medical value. It is extremely likely that our best chance to cure diseases lies somewhere in the worlds shrinking(萎缩的) rainforests.【解题导语】本文讲述了热带雨林在人们生活中的重要作用。号召大家保护雨林，不要乱砍滥伐。4Rainforests can help to adjust the climate because th

44、ey Areflect more heat into the atmosphereBbring about high rainfall throughout the worldCrarely cause the temperature to drop lower than 16Dreduce the effect of heat from the sun on the earthD解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第二句Rainforests have a great effect on the world environment because they can take in heat from

45、 the sun and adjust the climate.可知，热带雨林对气候有很大的影响。故选D项。5What does the underlined word “this” in the third paragraph refer to?AWe will lose much more than we can gain.BHumans have begun destroying rainforests.CPeople have a strong desire for resources.DMuch carbon dioxide comes from burning rainforest

46、s.A解析：代词指代题。根据第二段最后一句People obviously have a need for the resources we gain from cutting trees but we will suffer much more than we will benefit.可知，人们这样做会得不偿失的。故下一段的画线单词指的是“我们会失去更多”。6It can be inferred from the text that Awe can get enough resources without rainforestsBthere is great medicine potent

47、ial in rainforestsCwe will grow fewer kinds of crops in the gained landDthe level of annual rainfall affects wind patternsB解析：推理判断题。根据第四段More than 25% of the medicines we use today come from plants in rainforests. It is extremely likely that our best chance to cure diseases lies somewhere in the wor

48、lds shrinking(萎缩的) rainforests.可知，热带雨林里有很多药用植物可供我们开发利用。故选B项。7What might be the best title for the text?AHow to Save RainforestsBHow to Protect NatureCRainforests and the EnvironmentDRainforests and Medical DevelopmentC解析：标题归纳题。本文在第一段就点出了主题：热带雨林对气候的影响很大。下文介绍了具体的情况。故选C项。CMexican weddings are deep in c

49、ustoms and traditions. Many customs still repeat in Mexican weddings as far back as seven centuries. Weddings are usually held in a Roman Catholic Church. The bride and groom stand or kneel at the church. Family and Godparents play a leading role in the ceremony.In Mexico, the couple choose those wh

50、o would be “mentors” for themselves during the wedding. They are usually people who have played a powerful role in the life of the bride and groom or their parents. Sometimes, in most popular houses or towns, the couple also choose the “sponsors” who can support them and pay partly for the wedding.M

51、exican brides have various choices for their wedding dress. Wedding dresses can vary from simple cotton silk to embroidery(刺绣) fabric. But some brides prefer a traditional wedding. There is a tradition where the bride sews three ribbons, yellow, blue, and red in her underwear for good luck. The ribb

52、ons are meant to ensure food, money and passion in the coming years, and yes, no one else can see, but it is a part of the traditions and preparations. In more modern families, the bride would only wear a blue color.In a tradition dating back to ancient Rome, the groom gives the bride 13 coins at th

53、e ceremony. The gift of the pieces is blessed by the priest(牧师) in Catholic ceremonies and is supposed to represent the grooms promise to support his wife throughout their life together and the acceptance means her promise to take care of him.In most traditional cities, the wedding menu may include

54、chicken or pork, fresh dishes of rice, and beans. But menus can get very fancy if the budget allows. In weddings and social events in the Huasteca region, a large tamale called zacahuili is cooked overnight in a hole in the ground and then distributed between 50 and 150 people. It is made of corn po

55、wder, butter, peppers and the ground pork.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了墨西哥婚礼的一些风俗习惯。8Who are most likely to be chosen as “mentors”？AEducated people who can take charge of the wedding.BRich people who can pay for the whole wedding.CPeople who mean a lot to the new couple.DPeople who have a high social positio

56、n.C解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的They are.their parents.可知，这些人通常是对这对新人或者他们的父母很重要的人。9How would a bride ensure good luck?ABy wearing a beautiful wedding dress.BBy choosing a traditional wedding.CBy avoiding wearing blue clothes.DBy sewing ribbons in her underwear.D解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的There is.good luck.可知，新娘的贴身衣物上会缝制三条丝带

57、，以求好运。10What do the 13 coins at the ceremony stand for?AResponsibility.BWealth.CLoyalty. DHealth.A解析：推理判断题。根据第四段的is supposed to.take care of him可推测，13枚硬币代表着夫妻间的“责任”。11What is the text mainly about?AHow to attend a Mexican wedding.BVarious facts about Mexican weddings.CChanges Mexican weddings have e

58、xperienced.DWhat people eat and drink at a Mexican wedding.B解析：主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了墨西哥婚礼的一些风俗习惯。 七选五Because of work, school or family responsibilities, many people have no time to take an extended vacation. 1. Therefore, there is one popular choice for thema mini vacation.A mini vacation is a one to three

59、days getaway. Unlike the standard vacation, it doesnt require weeks of planning and neednt cost much. 2. You will have the chance to get your mind off work and take a break from your regular routine.Quite often, a mini vacation is scheduled around an official holiday or school break, in order to avo

60、id taking too many personal days off from work or having to pull children out of classes. A typical long weekend could start after work or school on Friday and end the night before a regular schedule comes again. Time is really limited. 3. An overnight trip to an amusement park nearly could be consi

61、dered a mini vacation. It has advantages. People can enjoy an inexpensive vacation from the stresses of work or school. 4. Many people are surprisingly unaware of interesting attractions located within a few hours of their hometowns, but local hotels and visitor centers often have lots of informatio

62、nal booklets on local attractions.5 It includes minimal(最少的) packing and little gas. Other costs may include entry fees of the attractions, hotel reservations, meals and souvenirs. Some vacationers on limited budgets may be able to stay overnight with relatives or friends. They can also save money b

63、y purchasing inexpensive meals at local stores or fast food restaurants.AStop at any scenic spot that looks interesting.BA mini vacation generally calls for less money.CBut it will still provide the same basic content of any trip.DA mini vacation is also sometimes annoying to prepare for.ESo people

64、usually look for destinations within a few hours of their homes.FBesides, they are still able to drive back home for emergencies if necessary.GOthers may have the time, but not have the money to travel for a week or longer.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了当下受人们欢迎的迷你假期。1G解析：此空设于段中，与前文形成对比。前文说许多人没有时间去度长假，故选项Others

65、 may.week or longer.符合语境，说明有的人不能度长假是由于没有足够的钱。2C解析：此空设于段中，与前文形成转折关系。前文说迷你假期不需要数周的计划且花费少，故选项But it.any trip.符合语境，说明虽与长假不同，但迷你假期也可以有跟长假一样的乐趣。3E解析：此空设于段尾，与前文形成因果关系。前文说迷你假期时间有限。故选项So people usually.their homes.符合语境，说明人们由于时间有限通常会选择离家较近的目的地。4F解析：此空设于段中，与前文形成递进关系。前文说迷你假期经济实惠且同样能让人放松心情。选项Besides，they are.if

66、necessary.符合语境。除此之外，人们还可以在紧急情况出现时立即返回家中。这都是迷你假期的好处。5B解析：此空设于段首，是本段的主题句。本段后面的内容主要介绍了迷你假期的费用，且说明了迷你假期不需要花费很多钱。故选项A mini.less money.符合语境。B卷学生用书P79(单独成册) 阅读理解In some minutes, I will arrive at the airport to start the long trip to Santiago in Chile and then on down to Puerto Williams at the bottom of Sou

67、th America. From there it will be a twoday sail across the Drake Passage to Antarctica.I have been looking forward to this expedition(探险) for a long time. Well be flexible to operate in the best light of the day and to explore the places we choose. Being the first expedition of the season means we w

68、ould encounter really fantastic ice and snow conditions on the Peninsula. If you follow my blog, then you will know Ive written a series of long articles on How to Choose a Photographic Expedition to Antarctica over the past months. Everything about this expedition has been designed with the photogr

69、apher in mind first and foremost.I like to do a post of what equipment I am taking with me on an expedition. After much soul searching, and a lot of hesitation, I have decided not to take my underwater housing and Polecam system with me on this expedition. Simply put, I dont feel I have enough exper

70、ience with the underwater system now to maximize any opportunities to present them.Antarctica is a difficult place to operate and photograph, and trying to work with equipment with which you are unfamiliar is at best problematic and at worst a complete waste of time. It would certainly result in mis

71、sing other opportunities. Underwater work in Antarctica is simply going to have to wait until such time as I have become more familiar with the housing controls and the slight difference in working underwater. Without the burden of the underwater equipment, I can focus on work on land and bring a go

72、od range of equipment to work with.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者即将去南极摄影和探险，描述了选择带什么样的设备的心理过程。1Where was this article most probably finished?AAt home.BAt the airport.COn board the plane.DOn the way to the airport.D解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段的In some minutes, I will arrive at the airport to start可推断，作者写这篇文章的时候应该是在去往机场的路上。2W

73、hat do we learn about the authors expedition?AIts the first expedition in her life.BShe cant choose her destinations.CIts mainly to explore and photograph.DShe doesnt know what to expect out of it.C解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的Well be flexible to operate in the best light of the day and to explore the places we c

74、hoose.以及后文的内容，可推断作者去南极主要是去探险和摄影的。3What does the author most probably like doing in her spare time?AWriting posts on her blog.BDesigning camping equipment.CPublishing books about Antarctica.DTeaching others how to photograph.A解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的If you follow my blog, then you will know Ive written a seri

75、es of long articles以及第三段的I like to do a post of what equipment可知，作者喜欢在空闲时间写博客。4Why will the author give up taking her underwater housing and Polecam system?ABecause she wants to keep it safe.BBecause she isnt skilled at using them.CBecause she cannot take much equipment.DBecause she has already got

76、other equipment.B解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的I dont feel I have enough experience以及第四段的trying to work with equipment with which you are unfamiliar.waste of time可知，作者不带水下作业设备是因为自己并不熟悉它们，不擅长使用它们。 完形填空Imagine what your life would be like if all of the things that most of us take for granted(理所当然的) were not there. T

77、hen imagine that you were a young child living in that environment with no hope and no end of 1 Liz Murray spent her childhood living in such a(n) 2 . Her parents were drug addicts and AIDS patients.Liz 3 ， from a very young age, that she was not only going to take care of herself but also her paren

78、ts. Her parents income was always spent on drugs.When Liz was six, her mother died from AIDS. When she was 15, Liz became 4 and spent the next several years living on the street, or sleeping in subways all night in order to stay 5 Living in such an environment made it impossible for Liz to 6 school

79、at all.7 she got turned down by many high schools, Liz continued to 8 for an education and was finally 9 into the Humanities Preparatory Academy in Manhattan where she was befriended by two 10 teachers.When it was time for Liz to 11 college, a teacher suggested that she consider Harvard. He told her

80、, “Sure it would be a 12 ， but its not impossible.” What happened next was not fiction but 13 . Liz was accepted by Harvard.Liz stopped her education at Harvard in 2001 to 14 for her father who was sick with AIDS until he died. Liz later 15 to Harvard and graduated in 2009.She now travels internatio

81、nally and is a highly soughtafter 16 speaker. She is the founder and director of a company that inspires adults to achieve 17 things in their lives, as Liz has.Her life story was 18 for an original film, Homeless to Harvard: The Liz Murray Story.She is an inspiration to everyone who is 19 enough to

82、cross paths with her. The next time you doubt your 20 to accomplish something that is very important to you, think again. Think of Liz.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。Liz Murray童年饱尝苦难，一度流落街头，然而她勇敢而博爱，一直照顾着自己患病的父母，经过不懈努力考上了哈佛大学。她的故事被改编成电影风雨哈佛路，激励着全世界的人们砥砺前行。1A.sicknessBhardnessChappiness DlonelinessB解析：根据第一段中all of t

83、he things that most of us take for granted(理所当然的) were not there以及与此空并列的no hope可知，此处为无尽的“苦难(hardness)”。2A.background BemotionCenvironment DareaC解析：根据第一段中environment可知，Liz正处在上文所述的恶劣的“环境(environment)”里。3A.insisted BlearnedCrequired DsuggestedB解析：根据第二、三段可知，Liz的父母为瘾君子，从小她就“知道(learned)”她不仅要照顾自己还要照顾父母。4A.

84、worthless BhopelessChomeless DindependentC5A.warm BclearCalone DawakeA解析：根据第四段可知，15岁的时候，Liz“无家可归(homeless)”，常常流落街头，在地下人行道里过夜来“取暖(warm)”。6A.graduate from Bknow aboutCleave DattendD解析：根据上下文可知，Liz的生活环境如此窘迫，几乎不可能“上(attend)”学。7A.Because BAlthoughCUntil DSinceB解析：根据下文可知，Liz经过努力继续学业。因此，“尽管(Although)”很多学校拒绝

85、接收她，她依然没有放弃。8A.struggle BmakeCstand DwaitA9A.attracted BinvitedCaccepted DappointedC解析：根据第六段可知，Liz经过不断的“努力(struggle)”，最终被一所高中“接受(accepted)”。10A.curious BinspiringCsatisfying DseriousB11A.access Bapply toCappeal to DvisitB12A.reach BsecretCdifficulty DpuzzleA解析：根据第七段可知，老师建议她在“申请(apply to)”大学的时候选择哈佛大学

86、，告诉她虽然这所学校对她来说有些“距离(reach)”，但这不是不可能，由此可知，这里的老师“启发(inspiring)”了她。13A.belief BreliefCreality DchallengeC解析：根据最后她被哈佛大学录取可知，申请学校之后所发生的事不是小说故事，而是“事实(reality)”。14A.act BcareClook DallowB15A.returned BpreferredCtook DstuckA解析：根据上文可知，Liz很有孝心和爱心。在哈佛大学上学期间，她中途休学去“照顾(care for)”患病的父亲，直到他去世后才“返回(returned)”哈佛大学继续

87、学业。16A.practical BmotivationalCpolitical DtechnicalB17A.effective BdifferentCbasic DuncommonD解析：根据倒数第三段可知，Liz毕业后到世界各地去演讲，成为备受人们推崇的“励志(motivational)”演说家，而且创办了公司，旨在激励人们创造“非凡的(uncommon)”成就。18A.admitted BdevotedCadapted DusedC19A.suitable BfortunateCinteresting DenergeticB20A.quality BsafetyCability Did

88、entityC解析：根据最后两段可知，Liz的故事被“改编(adapted)”成电影，对每个“有幸(fortunate)”遇见她的人来说都是一种鼓励。下次当你怀疑自己“能力(ability)”的时候，想想Liz的奋斗历程吧。 语法填空If youre like most teenagers, you will probably love to listen to music. Some teenagers like to listen to music when they are studying. But can music help them think 1. improve their

89、memory?Some scientific studies show that 2. (baby) respond to music even before theyre born. Bringing classical music 3. childrens life at an early age can help their brains develop and make them 4. (smart) than those who dont listen to music.Scientists who 5. (study) the phenomenon over the years c

90、ome to different conclusions. Some scientists believe it may 6. (part) depend upon what youre studying and what type of music you are listening to. Music can help with reading and speaking skills by 7. (improve) the listeners ability to recognize the difference between sounds and better understand l

91、anguage patterns. So music might help you with language arts. But what should you listen to? Some scientists say classical music might be a good choice, as it can tend 8. (calm) the nerves(神经) and help you focus. On 9. other hand, listening to loud music that is distracting(分散精力的) can negatively aff

92、ect you because your mind may 10. (occupy) by the music rather than the matter at hand.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了音乐对于思维或者记忆的影响。1or解析：考查连词。用在疑问句中，表示选择，用并列连词or。2babies解析：考查名词。根据谓语动词形式可判断，主语为复数形式。3into解析：考查介词。根据语境可知，指将音乐引入孩子的生活中。4smarter解析：考查形容词的比较级。根据后面的than those who dont listen to music可判断，用形容词的比较级。5have studied解析：考查动词的时态。over the years意为“这些年来”，表示从现在算起的过去几年，通常与现在完成时连用。6partly解析：考查副词。修饰后面的动词depend，用副词形式。7improving解析：考查非谓语动词。跟在介词by后面，用动名词形式。8to calm解析：考查非谓语动词。tend to do sth.意为“倾向于做某事”。9the解析：考查冠词。固定搭配on the other hand意为“另一方面”。10be occupied解析：考查动词的语态。这里表示被动关系，大脑被音乐所占据，情态动词的被动语态为：情态动词be done。