2019-2020学年同步人教版高中英语选修八培优新方案练习：UNIT 2 单元加餐练 WORD版含答案.doc

1、Unit 2单元加餐练.阅读理解Based on new analysis, we are rapidly approaching major climate change and the effects on society and the environment could be quite severe. Geographers predict that within the next eighty years, current world climate zones could shift and some could completely disappear. Polar regio

2、ns will get colder while tropical regions will get even hotter, forcing animals to migrate (迁徙) north.Climate changes like these could lead to the spread of diseases. Tropical storms and hurricanes will not only increase but may also become more intense. If the changes come too quickly, animal and p

3、lant species may not be able to adapt fast enough and could disappear.According to Science Daily, a new study predicts that by the year 2100, many of todays familiar climates will be replaced by climates unknown in todays world. It is urgent that we reduce the risks of these farreaching consequences

4、 for the whole world. The planet itself has been showing signs of change. In 2004, a serious tsunami created by a major earthquake killed thousands in Sumatra and in 2008, thousands died in China because of another severe earthquake. Egypt was hit in 2009 with a major earthquake and Haiti was devast

5、ated in 2010 by yet another massive earthquake.Within just the last few months, new reports from around the world have been coming in and most agree that our climate situation is much worse than previously thought. At this point, it doesnt matter what is causing it, but rather, what can be done abou

6、t it. Whats more, our world is getting more and more unstable every year. There is war and threat of war everywhere. Natural disasters are becoming more frequent and serious.However, other planets are experiencing global warming as well as our own and some scientists believe there may be some connec

7、tion between this. No one knows anything for sure at this point because there is simply not enough data.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了未来气候的变化对人和动物的生存环境的影响。1What is the major function of Paragraph 1?ATo arouse the readers concern.BTo introduce the theme of the whole passage.CTo summarize the whole passage.DTo s

8、tate how climate changes.解析：选B推理判断题。根据第一段第一句可知，最新研究数据表明，即将到来的世界气候的巨大变化将严重影响社会和环境。而接下来的几段则是围绕气候变化对社会和环境具体的影响而展开的，由此可推知，第一段主要是介绍文章的主题。故选B项。2What is the authors purpose in using the examples of earthquakes?ATo show major changes will take place on the planet.BTo remind people to prevent future earthqua

9、kes.CTo show the damage earthquakes caused.DTo tell us more earthquakes will happen in the future.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“The planet itself has been showing signs of change.”可知，列举最近地球上所发生的地震是为了说明地球已有发生重大变化的迹象。故选A项。3Which of the following is NOT true of climate changes effects?AAnimal and plant species m

10、ay not be able to adapt fast enough and could disappear.BIt could lead to the spread of diseases.CCurrent world climate zones could shift and completely disappear.DNatural disasters are becoming more frequent and serious.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Geographers predict that . completely disappear.”可知，地理学家预计在

11、未来的八十年中，现在的世界气候带可能会改变，有的可能会完全消失，C项中说世界气候带可能会变化并会完全消失，与文中描述不符，故C项表述错误。故选C项。4What can be inferred from the passage?AAnimals and plants wont die out as long as climate changes slowly. BTheres enough data for us to predict the future of climate change.CThe world is getting more unstable because of anima

12、l migration.DThe earth is not the only planet that is experiencing climate change.解析：选D推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“However, other planets . there may be some connection between this.”可知，地球并不是唯一一个在经历气候变化的星球。故选D项。.阅读七选五How to Train Guide Dogs in the UKGuide dogs are a big help to blind people. A guide dog helps i

13、ts owner cross the street and do many other things. _1_ In the United Kingdom it is organisations such as Guide Dogs that raise and train animals for the job. Heres whats involved.Prepare the young dog for its training in its first year by socialising it and exposing it to a variety of different peo

14、ple, places, environments, toys, animals and transport. _2_ Teach it simple commands such as “sit”， “come”， “wait” and “forward”Move the dog to a training centre when it reaches one year of age. _3_ The course will develop its skills as a guide dog. It will be taught to lead a person while respondin

15、g to the environment such as stooping (俯身) to check for cars before crossing the road. The dog will be tested by staff members who wear something to cover their eyes pretending to be blind._4_ The advanced level training involves a process. The dog now guides the blind person around busy areas under

16、 the supervision (监督) of the instructor until they are satisfied that the dog is ready to be a guide dog for the blind._5_ Then they will work as a team.AIf the dog has done well at school, it is ready to meet its blind owner.BGuide dogs are assistance dogs trained to lead blind people around.CIt in

17、cludes matchmaking, hard training, and lifetime support.DBegin training when the young dog reaches six weeks old.EHere it will receive a course of rewardbased training.FMove the dog on to the final stage of training.GBut it is not easy to become a guide dog.答案：15GDEFA.完形填空A clone is an exact copy of

18、 a plant or an animal _1_ from any one cell. Since Scottish scientists reported that they had _2_ to clone a sheep named Dolly in 1996, research into cloning has grown rapidly. In May 1998, scientists in Massachusetts managed to create two identical calves (牛犊) _3_ cloning technology. A mouse has _4

19、_ been cloned successfully, but the debate over cloning humans really started when Chicago _5_ Richard Seed made a surprising announcement. “We will have managed to clone a human being within the next two years，” he told the world.Seeds announcement _6_ a lot of medias attention. In Europe, nineteen

20、 nations have already _7_ an agreement banning human cloning and in the US the President _8_： “We will be introducing _9_ law to ban human cloning and many states in the US will have _10_ anticloning laws by the end of the year.”Many researchers are not so negative _11_ cloning. They are worried tha

21、t laws _12_ human cloning will threaten important research. In March, the New England Journal of Medicine called any plan to ban research on cloning humans _13_ mistaken. Many researchers also believe that _14_ attempts to ban it, human cloning will become routine because it is _15_ to stop the prog

22、ress of science.Is there a reason to fear that cloning will _16_ a nightmare world? The public has been bombarded (轰炸) with newspaper articles, television shows and films, _17_ cartoons. Such information is often misleading, and makes people _18_ what on earth the scientists will be doing next._19_

23、the next five to ten years scientists will probably have found a way of cloning humans. It could be that _20_ soon we will be able to choose the person that we want our child to look like.语篇解读：本文对克隆技术的发展进行了简要叙述，并列举了各国对克隆人的禁令以及许多科学家对该禁令的反对意见。当然，至于人类的克隆是否会出现我们还要拭目以待。1A.produces BproduceCproducing Dpro

24、duced解析：选Dproduced from any one cell“由任何单细胞产生的”，过去分词短语作后置定语。copy与produce之间存在被动关系，因此应用过去分词短语作定语。2A.tried BsucceededCattempted Dmanaged解析：选Dmanage to do sth.“设法做成某事”；try to do sth.“努力做某事”，但不一定成功；succeed不接to do sth.; attempt to do sth.“试图做某事”，但不一定成功。而本句表示已完成的一件事情，故选D项。3A.taking BteachingCusing Dlearnin

25、g解析：选Cusing cloning technology“利用克隆技术”。take“带走”；teach“教”；learn“学会”，均不符合句意。4A.too BeitherCalso Das well解析：选Calso表示“也”，一般放在句中；too用于肯定句的句末；either用于否定句的句末；as well用于肯定句的句末。5A.reporter BphysicistCwriter Dartist解析：选BChicago physicist“芝加哥物理学家”。从事其余三项所代表的职业的人都不搞科研。reporter“记者”；writer“作家”；artist“画家，艺术家”。6A.ar

26、oused BroseCrose up Dwas raised解析：选Aarouse a lot of medias attention“引起众多媒体的关注”；rose是rise的过去式，意为“上升，上涨”；raise意为“抬起；引起，导致”，此处用被动形式是错的；rise up“起义，上升”。arouse“引起；激发”，符合句意。7A.signed BwrittenCdrawn Darrived解析：选Asign an agreement“签署一项协议”；write“写”；draw“画”；arrive at an agreement“达成协议”，但D项中缺少介词at。8A.spoke Bto

27、ldCreported Dannounced解析：选Dthe President announced .“总统宣布”。9A.the BaCan D/解析：选Bintroduce a law“实施一项法律”。此处是第一次提到该法律，因此用不定冠词修饰，表示泛指。10A.allowed BagreedCpassed Dapproved解析：选C“通过”法律应用pass，而非allow“允许”，agree“同意”或approve“赞成，同意”。11A.in BforCbeyond Dabout解析：选Dbe negative about sth.“否定某事”。12A.forbidden Bpermi

28、ttingCbanning Dreferring解析：选Cbanning human cloning “禁止克隆人”为现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰laws。forbidden形式不对，故排除。13A.seriously BpersonallyCpartly Dpossibly解析：选A由上句可知此处表示“任何禁止克隆人研究的打算都是严重错误的”。 seriously“严重地”，符合语境。personally“个人地”；partly“部分地”；possibly“可能地”。14A.despite of BthoughCalthough Din spite of解析：选Ddespite和in spi

29、te of为介词(短语)，后接名词、代词或动名词，而though和although是连词，后接从句。15A.possible BimpossibleClikely Dprobably解析：选Bit is impossible to do sth.“做某事是不可能的”，符合语境。16A.lead to Bstick toCcome to Dadd up to解析：选Alead to a nightmare world“导致一个可怕的世界的产生”。stick to“坚持”；come to“谈到”；add up to“总计达”，都不符合句意。17A.as much as Bas many asCas

30、 well as Das good as解析：选Cas well as有“还有”的意思，符合句意。as much/many as “和一样多”；as good as“和一样好”。18A.puzzle BworryCwander Dwonder解析：选Dwonder后可接表示疑问意义的从句，符合语境。19A.Upon BWithinCOut of DAt解析：选Bthe next five to ten years“随后的5到10年”是时间段，只能用within，表示在某个范围之内。20A.much BprettyCtoo Dmore解析：选Bpretty“相当”，含有very之意。much一般

31、不修饰副词；too“太”；more是比较级。.语法填空Although Socrates (苏格拉底) was poor all his life, he never asked his pupils to pay for their lessons. He taught _1_ the love of wisdom, not for money. And _2_ he had to say was always new and worth hearing. All his pupils loved him.But his unusual ways of teaching and his de

32、mand that students always ask questions made him some _3_ (danger) enemies. The rulers did not want to be questioned. So they _4_ (false) accused Socrates of teaching young men bad things and _5_ (lead) them to ignore religion. In fact Socrates was a very religious man. His enemies had him _6_ (arre

33、st), and he was sentenced to death by poisoning.During the 30 days before he was put to death, his friends and pupils _7_ (allow) to visit him in his prison. They were astonished to find that _8_ was calm and cheerful. He had no fear of dying. When the deadly poison was finally brought to Socrates,

34、his friends were in _9_(tear), but Socrates seemed to be the _10_(brave) man in the room. He raised the cup and drank it as if it were a glass of banquet wine.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了著名学者苏格拉底的故事。1for考查介词。由“not for money”可知，此处应用介词for，表示“为了”。2what考查连词。what 引导主语从句，在从句中作宾语，表示事物的概念，符合语境。3dangerous考查形容词。修饰名词应用

35、形容词，故用形容词dangerous修饰名词enemies。4falsely考查副词。此处用副词falsely修饰动词accused。5leading考查动名词。根据语境及and可知，空处与动名词teaching 并列，故用动名词leading作介词of的宾语。6arrested考查非谓语动词。arrest和句子谓语had之间没有连词，故用非谓语动词，且与其逻辑主语him构成动宾关系，故用过去分词作宾语补足语。7were allowed考查动词时态和语态。根据“was put”可知，此处表示发生在过去的事情，且allow与句子主语his friends and pupils 构成动宾关系，故用

36、一般过去时的被动语态，即were allowed。8he考查代词。根据空后一句“He had no fear of dying”可知，此处表示苏格拉底死前很平静，故用人称代词he作宾语从句的主语。9tears考查名词的数。in tears意为“哭泣，流泪”，为固定搭配，故用名词的复数形式。10bravest考查形容词最高级。根据语境可知，此处表示“最勇敢的人”，故用形容词最高级bravest，与空前的定冠词the呼应。.短文改错It is known to all that nothing is much precious than time. A famous saying goes，“Ti

37、me is money”， which shows that time is invaluable. When time is gone, it never return. But it is pity that some people didnt make full use of their time. They spend a lot of time sleep, chatting or playing computer game. They dont realize that wasting time is actual equal to killing themselves. We a

38、lways regret not having made great achievements. However, to be successful, they should first form the habit of being on time. Dont put down what can be done today until tomorrow. Being lazy will eventually lead to failure.答案：第一句：muchmore第三句：returnreturns第四句：pity前加a; didntdont第五句：sleepsleeping; gamegames第六句：actualactually第七句：WeThey第八句：HoweverTherefore第九句：downoff