小学小升初英语语法总复习(整理版).ppt

1、小学英语语法总复习1一般情况下，直接加-s，名词复数规则如：book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds2以s.x.sh.ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches如：family-families,strawberry-strawberries3以“辅音字母 y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es 4以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v,再加-es，如：knife-knives leafleaves5不规则名词复数：man-men,woman-women,child-children；foot-f

2、eet；tooth-teethfish-fish,people-people,sheep-sheepChinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanesev写出下列各词的复数I _ him _ this _ vher _ watch _ child _vphoto _ diary _ day_ vfoot_ book_ dress _ tooth_ sheep _ box_ strawberry _ thief _ you _ peach_ sandwich _ man_ woman_一般现在时基本用法介绍一般现在时的功能一般现在时2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：The sky

3、is blue.天空是蓝色的。如：I get up at six every day.我天天六点起床。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。3.表示客观现实。一般现在时的构成1.be动词：主语 be(am,is,are)其它。如：我是一个男孩。_2.行为动词：主语 行为动词(其它)。如：We study English.我们学习英语。当主语为第三人称单数(he,she,it)时，要在动词后加“-s”或“-es”如：玛丽喜欢汉语。_I am a boy.Mary likes Chinese.1.be动词的变化。否定句：主语

4、 be not 其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。讲义共享一般疑问句：Be 主语 其它。如：-Are you a student?-Yes.I am./No,Im not.特殊疑问句：疑问词 一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike?一般现在时的变化 2.行为动词的变化。否定句：主语 dont(doesnt)动词原形(其它)。如：I dont like bread.当主语为第三人称单数，用doesnt构成否定句如：He doesnt often play.一般疑问句：Do(Does)主语 动词原形 其它。如-Do you often play football

5、?-Yes,I do./No,I dont.当主语为第三人称单数，要用does构成一般疑问句如-Does she go to work by bike?-Yes,she does./No,she doesnt.动词 s的变化规则1一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks,milk-milks2以s.x.sh.ch.o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes3以“辅音字母 y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es，如study-studies一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数drink _ go _ stay _ make _l

6、ook _ have_ pass_ carry _二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1.He often _(have)dinner at home.2.Daniel and Tommy _(be)in Class One.3.We _(not watch)TV on Monday.4.Nick _(not go)to the zoo on Sunday.5._ they _(like)the World Cup?6._ your parents _(read)newspapers every day?7.The girl _(teach)us English on Sundays.8.She

7、and I _(take)a walk together every evening.三、按照要求改写句子1.Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句)_v2.I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)_v3.She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答)_ 4.We go to school every morning.(改为否定句)_改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上)1.Is your brother speak English?_2.Does he likes going fishing?

8、_3.He likes play games after class._4.Mr.Wu teachs us English._5.She dont do her homework on Sundays._现在进行时5、现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：疑问词+be动词+主语+doing+其它？但疑问词当主语时其结构为：疑问词+be动词+doing+其它?1、现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。2、现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be 动词ing.3、现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。4、现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。动词加ing

9、的变化规则1一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking2以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making,taste-tasting3假如末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母,双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing如：run-running,stop-stoppingv现在进行时专项练习：一、写出下列动词的现在分词：run_ swim _make_ begin_ go_ like_ write_ shop _have _ sing _dance _put_ see_ love_ live_ take_come _ get _ stop_ sit _用所给的动词的正确形式填空：1.Th

10、e boy _(draw)a picture now.2.Listen.Some girls _(sing)in the classroom.3.My mother _(cook)some nice food now.4.What _ you _(do)now?5.Look.They _(have)an English lesson.句型转换：1.They are doing housework.(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)_2The students are cleaning the classroom.(改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)_一般将来时一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态

11、及 打算、计划或预备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow,next day(week,month,year),soon,the day after tomorrow（后天）等。二、基本结构：be going to do；will do.一般将来时否定句：在be动词（am,is,are）l后加not或情态动词will后加not成wont。例如：Im going to have a picnic this afternoon.Im not going to have a picnic this afternoon.一般疑问句：be或will提到句首，some改为any,and改为or，

12、第一二人称互换。例如：We are going to go on an outing this weekend.Are you going to go on an outing this weekend五、对划线部分提问。一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。六、同义句：be going to=willI am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）.=I will go swimming tomorrow.3、问什么时候。When.例如：Shes going to go to bed at nine.When is she going to bed?2、问干

13、什么。What do.例如：My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon.What is your father going to do with you this afternoon.1、问人。Who 例如：Im going to New York soon.Whos going to New York soon.练习：填空。1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_ _ _ have a picnic with my friends.I _ have a picnic with my friends.2.下个星期一你打算去干嘛?我

14、想去打篮What _ _ _ _ _next Monday?I _ _ _ play basketball.3.你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。_ your mother _ _ go shopping this _?Yes,she _.She _ _ _ buy some fruit.4.你们打算什么时候见面。What time _ you _ _ meet?v用所给词的适当形式填空。1.Today is a sunny day.We _(have)a picnic this afternoon.v2.My brother _(go)to Shanghai next week.

15、v3.Tom often _(go)to school on foot.But today is rain.He _(go)to school by bike.v用所给词的适当形式填空。v4.What do you usually do at weekends?I usually _(watch)TV and _(catch)insects?v5.Its Friday today.What _she _(do)this weekend?She _(watch)TV and _(catch)insects.一般过去时 1一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用

16、。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。2Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：am 和is在一般过去时中变为was（was not=wasnt）are在一般过去时中变为were。（were not=werent）3句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子否定句：didnt 动词原形，如：Jim didnt go home yesterday.动词过去式变化规则：1一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：work-worked,2结尾是e加d，如：live-lived 3末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed如：stop-stopped4以“辅音字母 y”结尾的，变y为i，

17、再加-ed，如：study-studied5不规则动词过去式：am、is-was,are-were,do-did see-saw,say-said,give-gave,get-got go-went,come-came,have-had,eat-ate take-took,run-ran,sing-sang,put-put,make-made,read-read,write-wrote,draw-drew,drink-drank,swim-swam,sit-sat用动词的适当形式填空1.It _(be)Bens birthday last Friday.2.We all _(have)a go

18、od time last night.3.He _(jump)high on last Sports Day.4.Helen _(milk)a cow on Friday.用动词的适当形式填空5.She likes _ newspapers,but she _a book yesterday.(read)6._ they _(sweep)the floor on Sunday?No,they _.7.I _(watch)a cartoon on Monday.形容词和副词的比较级复习及练习一、形容词的比较级1、形容词比较级在句子中的运用：两个事物或人的比较用比较级，比较级后面一般带有单词tha

19、n。比较级前面可以用more,a little 来修饰表示程度。than后的人称代词用主格（口语中可用宾格）。形容词加er的规则：一般在词尾加er；以字母e 结尾，加r；以元音字母和辅音字母结尾，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加er；以“辅音字母+y”结尾，先把y变i，再加er不规则形容词比较级：good-better,beautiful-more beautiful。二、副词的比较级1形容词与副词的区别(有be用形，有形用be；有动用副，有副用动)在句子中形容词一般处于名词之前或be动词之后副词在句子中最常见的是处于实义动词之后2副词比较级的变化规则基本与形容词比较级相同(不规则变化：well-b

20、etter，far-farther写出下列形容词或副词的比较级short_ strong_ big_ small_ fat_ thin_heavy_ light_ nice_ good_ beautiful_ low_ high_ slow_ fast_late_ early_ far_ well_根据句意填入单词的正确形式：1.My brother is two years _(old)than me.2.Tom is as _(fat)as Jim.3.Is your sister _(young)than you?Yes,she is.4.Who is _(thin),you or He

21、len?Helen is.5._Nancy sing _(well)than Helen?Yes,she _.6.Fangfang is not as _(tall)as the other girls.7.My eyes are _(big)than _(she).8.Who gets up _(early),Tim or Tom?9._the girls get up _(early)than the boys?No,they_.翻译句子：1、谁比Jim年纪大？是你。_ is _than Jim？_ are2.我喜欢游泳。我所有的朋友都游得比我慢。I like _.All my_ _ _t

22、han me.3、谁的铅笔更长，他的还是她的？我想是她的。_pencil is _,_or_？_is,I think.翻译句子：4.我母亲比我父亲年纪小。My_ _ _than my _.5.多做运动，你会更强壮。_ more exercise,youll _ _soon.There be 句型与have,has的区别1、There be 句型表示：在某地有某人/物2、在there be 句型中，主语是单数，be 动词用is;主语是复数，be 动词用are;如有几件物品，be 动词根据最近be 动词的那个名词决定。There be 句型与have,has的区别3、there be 句型的否定句

23、在be 动词后加not,一般疑问句把be 动词调到句首。4、there be句型与have(has)的区别：there be表示在某地有某人/物；have(has)表示某人拥有某物。5、some 和any 在there be 句型中的运用some 用于肯定，any用于否定句或疑问句。6、and 和or 在there be句型中的运用：and 用于肯定句,or 用于否定句或疑问句。7、针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：How many+名词复数+are there+介词短语？How much+不可数名词+is there+介词短语？8、针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：Whats+介词短

24、语Fill in the blank with“have,has”or“there is,there are”1.I _ a good father and a good mother.2._a telescope on the desk.3.He_ a tape-recorder.4._a basketball in the playground.5.She_ some dresses.人称代词和物主代词1、人称代词主格和宾格的区别：主格通常位于句中第一个动词之前（有时候位于than 之后），宾格一般位于动词或介词之后。2、物主代词形容词性与名词性的区别：形容词性用时后面一般要带上名词，名词

25、性则单独使用，后面不带名词。人称代词和物主代词主格宾格形容词性名词性I me my mine you you your yours he him his his she her her hers it it its its we us our ours they them their theirs用所给词的适当形式填空。1.That is not _kite.That kite is very small,but _is very big.(I)2.The dress is _.Give it to _(she)3._is my brother._ name is Jack.Look!Those stamps are_(he)4.I can find my toy,but wheres _?(you)5.Show _ your kite,OK?(they)用am，is，are填空。1.That _ my red skirt.2.Who _ I?3.The jeans _ on the desk.4.The black gloves _ for Su Yang.5.This pair of gloves _ for Yang Ling.6.The two cups of milk _ for me.7.Some tea _ in the glass.