2020-2021学年新教材英语人教版必修第一册：UNIT 4　NATURAL DISASTERS 课时作业（一）　LISTENING AND SPEAKING WORD版含解析.doc

1、Unit 4Natural Disasters 课时作业(一)Listening and Speaking必备知识基础练进阶训练第一层.单词拼写1Earthquakes are one of common natural _ (灾难)2The crops died during the _ (旱灾)3A _ (直升飞机) landed in an open area in the jungle.4The flood caused a _ (滑坡)5Two children fell into the river and many people tried to _ (营救) them.6Can

2、cer is the leading cause of _ (死亡) in women.7The big fire lasted for four hours and all the buildings along the street got _ (毁坏)8Computers and the Internet are _ (影响) our lives now.9These bushes grow well in the _ (掩蔽) of big trees.10Heavy rainfalls _ (淹没) the village.11The fire badly _ (破坏，损害) the

3、 town hall.12Officials ordered people to _ (撤离).单句语法填空1To enjoy themselves, the children decided _ (slide) the grassy slope.2Firefighters worked for two hours _ (rescue) people from the building.3Several days later most of the buildings which had been _ (damage) were repaired.4The villagers _ (evacu

4、ate) from the village before it was flooded.5Eight of the students were _ (affect) by the freezing water and were being kept in hospital for further observation.6The flood _ (destroy) a lot of houses and many people became homeless.关键能力综合练进阶训练第二层.阅读AEarthquake rescue robots experienced their final t

5、ests in Beijing. Their designers said with these robots, rescuers would be able to buy more time to save lives during an earthquake.This kind of robot looking like a helicopter is a flying robot. Its about 3 metres long, and it took about 4 years to develop the model. Its main functions (作用) are to

6、collect information from the air, and send goods of up to 30 kilos to people trapped by an earthquake. It has a highdefinition 360degree panoramic (全景的) camera. It can work day and night and is also able to send the latest pictures from the quake area.Dr. Qi Juntong, a researcher at Chinese Academy

7、of Sciences, said, “The most important feature of this flying robot is that it doesnt need a distant control. We just set the destination information on it, and then it takes off, and lands by itself. It flies as high as 3,000 metres, and as fast as 100 kilometres per hour.”This robot has a differen

8、t functionit can change as the environment changes. Its main job is to search for any signs of life in places where human rescuers are unable to go. As well as a detector (探测器) that finds victims and detects poisonous gases, a camera is placed in the 3metrelong robot, which can work in the dark. Ano

9、ther use for the rescuers is the supply bot. With its 10metrelong pipe, people who are trapped in the ruins will be able to get supplies including oxygen and liquids.Experts have said that the robots would enter production and serve as part of the national earthquake rescue team as soon as possible.

10、1What does Dr. Qi Juntong think makes this robot mainly different from the others?AIt has more functions.BIt has a unique shape.CIt has more advanced cameras.DIt can work by itself once given the information.2What does the underlined word “which” in Paragraph 4 refer to?AA camera. BA detector.CA res

11、cuer. DA supply.3What can we learn about this robot from the text?AIt is carried by the helicopter.BIt weighs about 30 kilos.CIt is a machine with a length of 10 metres.DIt hasnt been put into production so far.4What is the text mainly about?AWhat the robot looks like.BAn introduction to a robot.CHo

12、w the robot is made.DInformation about earthquakes.BTaiwan officials say a mudslide (泥石流) caused by heavy rains from Typhoon Morakot buried a mountain village in the southern part of the island. The fate of hundreds is unknown.Rescue helicopters made their way up into the mountains to reach Shiao Li

13、n village, bringing food, water and supplies to those who survived the mudslide. Some have been transported to safety. Leng Chiayu, a spokesman at Taiwans disaster response agency, says the fate of an estimated 500 people who live in the village, which was wiped out when the mudslide hit Sunday, is

14、still unclear. Leng says that originally there were 150 buildings in Shiao Lin, but now only one or two are left. He says everything is gone, and officials do not know how many may have been buried. Leng says that while helicopters reached the village Tuesday morning, rain and strong winds made it i

15、mpossible for them to return in the afternoon.Landslides have also hit other parts of the island. Swollen (水涨的) rivers have wiped out roads and sucked away houses, hotels and even a school. Disaster officials say that up to Tuesday, the storm has killed 41 people and 62 are missing. Those figures do

16、 not include estimates for Shiao Lin.Chinese state media say Typhoon Morakot caused floods and a mudslide along Chinas east coast, and affected over eight million people. Hundreds of thousands have been forced to flee their homes as the storm heads north. State media say a landslide in the town of P

17、engxi, in Zhejiang province, destroyed a building, killing two people and seriously injuring four others.5When did the mudslide hit Shiao Lin village according to the passage?AOn Sunday. BOn Monday.COn Tuesday. DOn Wednesday.6The Typhoon Morakot and the mudslide caused by it have caused _ deaths acc

18、ording to the passage.A41 B43C103 D6037What can we know from the second paragraph?AAlmost no one survived from the mudslide.BMore than 500 have been killed by the mudslide.CThe mudslide destroyed all the houses in the village.DIts very difficult for rescue helicopters to rescue the victims.8Whats th

19、e main idea of the passage?ATyphoon are dangerous to people all over the world.BThe power of a mudslide is powerful and undefeatable.CMan is weak, compared with nature and wont conquer nature.DThe mudslide caused by Typhoon Morakot buried a village in Taiwan.CThere was an earthquake this morning. I

20、was working in front of my computer when it hit the city. The quake started with a sudden loud noise. I thought that something heavy in a neighbors house probably had fallen. However, the walls and the floor began to shake. I finally realized it was an earthquake.My son Zac, a sixteenyearold boy, wa

21、s sleeping with his door locked. Being sixteen, he can sleep through any kind of noise. “Zac！” I shouted. “Are you OK？” But nobody replied. I was a little worried. I couldnt imagine that someone was able to get such a deep sleep. The house was dancing. There were waves in the swimming pool. I was af

22、raid the house would come down. “Zac！” I yelled, knocking on his door with an open palm (手掌). “Zac! Wake up! Its an earthquake! We need to get out！”My son finally emerged in his underpants. We looked around the room. I knew that we should hide under a table to stop things from falling on us and stay

23、 away from glass. Unfortunately, none of our furniture was designed for hiding under. “Should we go into the garden？” Zac asked.“No, trees could fall on us！” I said. Actually, Zac had done earthquake drills (训练) at school. He must have been told to hide under a desk and cover his head. But we had no

24、thing to cover our heads in the house.Luckily, before we took any action, the windows stopped moving and the pool calmed down. Everything went back to normal soon. But both my son and I knew what we should do, because we knew if there had been a really big earthquake this morning, we couldnt have es

25、caped from it.9When the earthquake started, the author _.Adidnt hear anythingBwas repairing her computerCdidnt consider it an earthquakeDwas sleeping with her door locked10According to Paragraph 2, why was the author worried?ABecause her son seemed to be in pain.BBecause she couldnt wake her son up.

26、CBecause her son was locked in his room.DBecause she couldnt solve her sons sleep problem.11What problem did the author and her son face?AThey couldnt get out of the house.BThey couldnt stop things from falling.CThey couldnt find anything to hide under.DThey couldnt remember what to do in an earthqu

27、ake.12The author and her son most probably realized they should _.Areplace their furnitureBbuild a stronger houseCreceive earthquake drillsDwatch the weather report often.七选五Meteorologists (气象学家) love hurricanes because they are wonders of nature. But if youre on a ship at sea or in a house on the b

28、each, a hurricane is not so pretty. _1_ At the shore they can punch out windows, knock down trees, or blow away the roofs from houses._2_ Hurricane winds can push the ocean water toward shore, building it up into a huge, rushing tide called a storm surge. Water level at the shore can rise 20 feet in

29、 just a few hours. The deadliest hurricane in United States history happened in 1900, when Galveston, Texas, was struck. _3_ These days, with more and more people living in coastal cities, experts predict that if a hurricane hit without warning, the death toll could be even higher._4_ Meteorologists

30、 can now track the path a hurricane takes and predict where it is likely to hit days in advance. When Hurricane Isabel swept toward the North Carolina coast in 2003, the National Hurricane Center was able to make forecasts five days ahead, and scientists were off by only one hour in their prediction

31、 of where and when Isabels eye would make landfall. The information collected by the hurricane hunters improves the accuracy of such forecasts by 30 percent. _5_AThe hurricane happened without warning.BSo thousands of lives have been saved.CIt is hard to predict the time and the path of a hurricane.

32、DIn the big storm surge more than 6,000 people were killed.EBut scientists have learned a lot about hurricanes since 1900.FThe screaming winds and enormous waves can overturn a ship.GThe most dangerous part of a hurricanes destruction is flooding.语法填空Earthquakes are quite common. In fact, thousands

33、of earthquakes 1._ (happen) almost at every moment. 2._， most of them are too weak to feel. During a big earthquake, there is often a big noise first. Then the earth shakes 3._ (terrible) and many houses fall down.As one of the most deadly natural disasters in the world, the earthquake often results

34、 4._ many people being injured or killed. In 2008, a severe earthquake hit Chinas Sichuan Province, 5._ (kill) more than 80,000 people there.Besides the great damage and 6._ (die) caused by the earthquake, other accidents such 7._ fires often follow. More buildings may be damaged and more 8._ (injur

35、e) may be caused. For centuries, people have been making studies of earthquakes. About 2,000 years ago, for example, a Chinese scientist 9._ (name) Zhang Heng invented a machine which could find out the direction 10._ the earthquake waves came.Unit 4Natural Disasters课时作业(一)Listening and Speaking必备知识

36、基础练.单词拼写1disasters2.drought3.helicopter4.landslide5.rescue6death7.destroyed8.affecting9.shelter10.flooded11damaged12.evacuate.单句语法填空1to slide2.to rescue3.damaged4.had evacuated5.affected6.destroyed关键能力综合练.阅读A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一款即将投入生产的用于地震救灾的机器人。1答案与解析：D细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The most important feature of th

37、is flying robot is that it doesnt need a distant control. We just set the destination information on it, and then it takes off, and lands by itself.”可知，这个机器人不需要远程控制，一旦给它输入信息它就可以自己行动，这是与其他机器人不一样的地方。故选D项。2答案与解析：A词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“As well as a detector that finds victims and detects poisonous gases, a came

38、ra is placed in the 3metrelong robot, which can work in the dark.”可知，除了能发现受害者和检测有毒气体以外，这种3米长的机器人还装有一台相机，它可以在黑暗中工作。所以which指代的是a camera。故选A项。3答案与解析：D细节理解题。根据最后一段“Experts have said that the robots would enter production.as soon as possible.”可知这款机器人会尽快投入生产和应用。4答案与解析：B主旨大意题。本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一款即将投入生产的用于地震救灾的机器

39、人。故选B项。B【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了发生在台湾岛的泥石流及其所造成的危害。5答案与解析：A细节理解题。根据第二段第三句中的“.which was wiped out when the mudslide hit Sunday，.”，可知这次泥石流发生在星期天，故选A。6答案与解析：B细节理解题。根据第三段的第三句及第四段最后一句，可知莫拉克台风及其引起的泥石流已造成43人死亡(台湾41人，中国大陆2人)。7答案与解析：D细节理解题。根据本段最后一句可知，对直升机来说，开展营救任务也是十分困难的，故选D。根据本段第一、三、四句，分别可知A、B、C三项是错误的。8答案与解析：D主旨大意题。本文

40、主要讲述了发生在台湾岛的泥石流及其所造成的危害，故选D；其余三选项偏离了文章主题。C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。一场地震让作者和她的儿子知道要防患于未然。9答案与解析：C细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I thought that something heavy in a neighbors house probably had fallen. However, the walls and the floor began to shake. I finally realized it was an earthquake.”可知，作者一开始没有意识到发生了地震。10答案与解析：B细节理解题。根据第

41、二段中的“But nobody replied. I was a little worried.”可知，作者担忧是因为她无法叫醒儿子。11答案与解析：C细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Unfortunately, none of our furniture was designed for hiding under.”可知，她的家里没有任何可让人藏身于其下的家具。12答案与解析：A推理判断题。根据全文内容以及最后一段中的“But both my son and I knew what we should do, because we knew if there had been a really

42、big earthquake this morning, we couldnt have escaped from it.”可推断，作者和她的儿子在这次地震中意识到应该未雨绸缪，为地震做好准备，故很有可能更换家具。.七选五【语篇解读】飓风是大自然的奇迹，但是飓风会给人们带来灾难。随着科学技术的发展，气象学家可以准确地预测飓风。1答案与解析：F上文提到“on a ship at sea or in a house on the beach”，下文介绍的是对房子的危害。由此可知，所填的句子应该介绍对船的危害，所以选F项。2答案与解析：G根据下文提到的water和所举的例子可知，本段讲述的是飓风引起

43、的洪灾危害，所以选G项。3答案与解析：D所举的例子是1900年发生在美国的飓风所引起的洪水，根据上文提到的deadliest可知，应该是有很多人死亡，D项符合语境。4答案与解析：E本段中提到的飓风，科学家五天前就做出了精准的预测。由此可知，E项可作本段的主题句。5答案与解析：B前面提到科学家对此类飓风的预测准确率提高了30%，B项“因此挽救了成千上万人的生命”是其结果。.语法填空【语篇解读】文章主要讲述了地震时常发生这一事实，介绍了地震造成的巨大危害和损失。1答案与解析：are happening考查动词时态。此处指成千上万的地震几乎每时每刻都在发生，根据时间状语at every moment

44、可知用现在进行时。主语为thousands of earthquakes，故填are happening。2答案与解析：However考查副词。句意：然而大多数都太弱而感觉不到。设空处前后内容之间是转折关系，此处单独作状语，故填However。3答案与解析：terribly考查副词。此处修饰动词应用副词，故填terribly。4答案与解析：in考查介词。此处指地震经常导致许多人受伤或死亡，“导致”是result in。故填介词in。5答案与解析：killing考查现在分词。句子主语a severe earthquake和动词kill是逻辑主谓关系，用现在分词形式，故填killing。6答案与解

45、析：deaths考查名词及名词的数。由and前的the great damage可知此处用名词。此处指地震造成的极大破坏和死亡，由语境可知应用复数名词。故填deaths。7答案与解析：as考查固定短语。表示“例如，比如”应用such as，故填as。8答案与解析：injuries考查名词及名词的数。由and前的More buildings可知此处用复数名词，故填injuries。9答案与解析：named考查过去分词。句中a Chinese scientist和name是逻辑动宾关系，用过去分词，故填named。10答案与解析：where考查关系副词。设空处引导定语从句，先行词是the direction，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，指地震波从哪个方向过来，用关系副词where引导，故填where。