2020-2021学年新教材英语人教版必修第一册：UNIT 4　NATURAL DISASTERS 课时作业（二）　READING AND THINKING WORD版含解析.doc

1、课时作业(二)Reading and Thinking必备知识基础练进阶训练第一层.单词拼写1I was _ (震惊的) to hear the news that a great fire broke out in the factory.2These dead ducks should be _ (埋葬) immediately since they arent fit to be eaten.3Two people got _ (困住) in the lift this morning when the electricity was cut off.4There were deep _

2、 (裂缝) that appeared in the well walls.5The _ (电) has been cut off.6Fish cant _ (呼吸) out of water.7Nothing can be gained without _ (努力)8He is a man of great _ (智慧)9The new leader hopes to _ (统一) the country.10We should guess the meaning of a word from its _ (上下文).选词填空1He went to school _.2My holiday

3、is _ and I must go back to work tomorrow.3He spread his arms out _ to hold the whole world.4After the earthquake, the whole city lay _.5We are expecting to _ some important facts.6A long time ago, _ English people settled in America and Australia.7His friend has _ ill health for some years.8He _ his

4、 work when the boss came in.9I _ the heavy rain on the way to school yesterday.10We _ at the news that about 500 miners died in the accident.课文语法填空Strange things had happened before Tangshan Earthquake happened. The well walls had deep cracks. Some 1._ (smell) gas came out of them. Chickens and even

5、 pigs were too nervous 2._ (eat). At 3：42 3._ the morning of July 28, 1976, everything began to shake. 4._ seemed as if the world were coming to an end! Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt. In less than one minute, the whole city lay in 5._ (ruin). Two thirds of the people died or were 6._ (inj

6、ure). Everything in the city was destroyed. People were 7._ (shock) at this and wondered how long the disaster would last. The army organized teams to dig out those 8._ were trapped and to bury the dead. Workers built shelters for 9._ (survive). Fresh water was taken to the city. Slowly the city beg

7、an to breathe again. With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the citys people, a new Tangshan 10._ (build) upon the earthquake ruins.关键能力综合练进阶训练第二层.阅读The scientific study of earthquakes is comparatively new. Until the 18th century, few factual descriptions of earthquakes

8、were recorded, and the natural causes of earthquakes were not well understood.The earliest earthquake for which we have descriptive information occurred in China in 1177 BC. The Chinese earthquake catalog (目录) describes several dozen large earthquakes in China during the next few thousand years. Ear

9、thquakes in Europe were mentioned as early as 580 BC, but the earliest for which we have some descriptive information occurred in the mid16th century. The earliest known earthquakes in the Americas were in Mexico in the late 14th century and in Peru in 1471, but descriptions of the effects were not

10、well recorded. By the 17th century, descriptions of the effects of earthquakes were being published around the world.The most widely felt earthquakes in the recorded history of North America were a series that occurred in 18111812 near New Madrid, Missouri. A great earthquake, whose magnitude is rep

11、orted to have been about 8, occurred on the morning of December 16, 1811. Another great earthquake occurred on January 23, 1812, and a third, the strongest yet, on February 7, 1812. Aftershocks (余震) were nearly continuous between these great earthquakes and continued for months afterwards. These ear

12、thquakes were felt by people as far away as Boston and Denver. Because the population in these regions was small, the destruction of human life and property was slight.The San Francisco earthquake of 1906 was one of the most destructive in the recorded history of North Americathe earthquake and the

13、fire that followed killed nearly 700 people and left the city in ruins.1When did published descriptions of the effects of earthquakes become popular in the world?AIn the 1300s. BIn the 1400s.CIn the 1500s. DIn the 1600s.2What do we know about the earthquakes in 18111812 in North America?AThey killed

14、 a large number of people.BThey occurred in San Francisco.CThey could be felt very far away.DThey almost destroyed entire cities.3What can we infer from the passage?AFew earthquakes were scientifically studied before the 18th century.BEarthquakes can be avoided with the development of technology.CMo

15、st of the early earthquakes caused little damage.DPeople havent found the causes of earthquakes so far.4Whats the best title for this passage?AThe Scientific Study of EarthquakesBEarthquakes in HistoryCThe Effects of Earthquakes on HumansDWhy Earthquakes Occur.七选五News reports warn us that the smog i

16、s expected to stay with us for a couple of months. Air quality is 10 times worse than the World Health Organisations recommended levels. _1_ However, there are easy ways to protect yourself against smog and air pollution.Wear an N95 mask.Surgical masks wont do, my friends. You need a proper N95 mask

17、. _2_ The purpose is to filter out the little particles (颗粒) in the air that can be very unhealthy if breathed in. Its not attractive, but your health is more important than looking attractive.Drink lots of water and stay hydrated (含水的)High temperature and high humidity are often connected with high

18、 smog levels. This makes it important to stay in the shade and drink lots of water to stay hydrated, especially before, during, and after exercise. _3_Stay indoors.If possible, stay indoors. While you might want to visit your favourite openair food stand, now its not the time to do so. _4_ Better st

19、ill, for those at work, pack your own lunch. Whats more important, avoid exercise outdoors, especially from midmorning to early evening, when smog levels are higher._5_Often neighbours or family members smoke in the hallways or just outside of apartment buildings, which makes the air much worse. And

20、 this air still comes into the apartments. So, keep the windows closed and use air purifiers to protect your home.AProtect your home.BKeep the doors open.CIf you want to go out, go to malls, and eat in enclosed spaces.DConsider exercising indoors in an airconditioned environment.EYou may think that

21、there is nothing you can do about the air you breathe.FBesides, water will not only relieve thirst, but help clear your breathing passages.GIts strings should be tightly tied behind your head, to hold the mask against your face.完形填空My name is Miranda Gibson. I have been at the top of a tree for five

22、 months now. Some people might wonder _1_ on earth I would choose to do that.I have walked through this forest many times. On 12 December 2011, _2_ rolled into the forest and the destruction (摧毁) began. I couldnt _3_ the thought that these forests would be _4_ forever. So, on 14 December 2011, I pac

23、ked up my life, _5_ of my job plans, and climbed 60 meters to the top of this tree. I have been here ever since. Life in the tree tops can be _6_ at times. I have times when I feel frustrated (沮丧) and wish I could _7_， to anywhere, just have a _8_ of scenery for a minute! There are times too, when I

24、 feel terribly _9_. I miss my friends and family. _10_ these times, I find myself loving the _11_.Living on the tree has been inspiring. I am willing to _12_ up here for as long as it takes, _13_ I honestly hope it wont be too _14_ before I can put my feet on the ground below and stand in a forest t

25、hat will never be _15_.1A.why Bwhen Chow Dwhere2A.water Banimals Cmachinery Dtourists3A.bear Bhelp Ckeep Dspare4A.sold Bstolen Cprotected Dlost5A.grew out Bfell short Cran out Dlet go6A.refreshing Brisky Cchallenging Drewarding7A.get up Bget away Cgive in Dgive up8A.change Blook Csearch Dtouch9A.con

26、fused Bnervous Csorry Dlonely10A.Beyond BWithout CDespite DUnlike11A.height Bexperience Cbackground Dposition12A.return Bstop Cstay Dhide13A.but Bthough Cbecause Dso14A.soon Blong Cnear Dbad15A.moved Blogged Cburned Dmissed.语法填空Hurricane Katrina was one of the deadliest hurricanes ever to hit the Un

27、ited States. About 1,833 people died in the hurricane and the floods that 1._ (follow) in late August 2005, and millions of others were left 2._ (home) along the Gulf Coast and in New Orleans.Katrina formed about 200 miles southeast of the Bahamas on August 23, 2005. By the time it made 3._ (it) way

28、 to southern Florida on August 25, Katrina was just a Category One hurricane. While it caused some floods and two deaths during its first landfall, it appeared to be just another hurricane in an 4._ (act) hurricane season. 5._ (surprising), Katrina strengthened into a Category Five hurricane on Augu

29、st 28, with winds 6._ (blow) at about 280 kph.The National Guard was called in to help people leave dangerous areas. Thousands looked for shelter in the New Orleans Convention Center, 7._ was extremely crowded.Government officials have tried to learn from the disaster and carried out better environm

30、ental and communication plans. The Army Corps of Engineers has rebuilt the levee (堤坝) system, making it 8._ (high). The city of New Orleans has improved peoples access 9._ disaster information. For example, they have 10._ email and text message system called NolaReady that 13,000 people have signed

31、up for.课时作业(二)Reading and Thinking必备知识基础练.单词拼写1shocked2.buried3.trapped4.cracks5.electricity6breathe7.effort8.wisdom9.unify10.context.选词填空1as usualing to an end3.as if4.in ruins5.dig out6a great number of7.suffer from8.was buried in9was trapped in10.were in shock.课文语法填空1smelly2.to eat3.on4.It5.ruins

32、6.injured7.shocked8.who9.survivors10.was built关键能力综合练.阅读【语篇解读】本文简要介绍了历史上有记载的几次大地震。1答案与解析：D根据第二段最后一句“By the 17th century, descriptions of the effects of earthquakes were being published around the world.”可知，答案为D。2答案与解析：C根据第三段中的“These earthquakes were felt by people as far away as Boston and Denver.”可

33、知，答案为C。3答案与解析：A根据第一段中的“Until the 18th century, few factual descriptions of earthquakes were recorded.”可推断，答案为A。4答案与解析：B通读全文可知，本文简要介绍了历史上有记载的几次大地震，故答案为B。.七选五【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在空气污染较为严重的情况下，我们可以采取的四种自我保护方法。1答案与解析：E根据设空处后的“However, there are easy ways to protect yourself against smog and air pollution.

34、”中的However可知，E项(也许你会认为你对于吸入的空气无能为力。)与之构成转折关系，符合语境。故选E项。2答案与解析：G设空处前一句讲人们需要N95型号的口罩，后一句讲这样做的目的，G项介绍口罩的使用方法，符合文意。3答案与解析：F本段标题“Drink lots of water and stay hydrated.”提示本段与喝水有关，F项介绍水的益处，符合语境。故选F项。4答案与解析：C设空处前一句讲不要去室外吃路边摊，后一句讲工作时最好自己带午饭，由此可知设空处讲的也是吃饭方面的事情。C项(如果你想外出，就去购物中心，在封闭的空间里吃饭。)符合上下文语境。故选C项。5答案与解析：A

35、设空处为主题句。根据本段最后一句“So, keep the windows closed and use air purifiers to protect your home.”可知当人们在室外抽烟的时候，我们最好关闭门窗并使用空气净化器来保护我们的家。A项Protect your home.符合段意。.完形填空【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者为了保护森林，离开家和工作，一个人来到森林在树上生活的故事。1答案与解析：A考查疑问词。根据句意：我已经在树上待了好几个月了，一些人会奇怪我究竟为什么选择那样做，故选A。2答案与解析：C考查名词。根据句意：机器进入森林，破坏开始了，machi

36、nery 机器，故选C。3答案与解析：A考查动词。根据句意：我不能容忍这片森林要失去的想法，bear 容忍，故选A。4答案与解析：D考查动词。A. sold卖；B.stolen偷盗；C.protected保护；D.lost丢失。根据句意：机器的破坏，森林丢失，故选D。5答案与解析：D考查动词短语。A. grew out长出，发芽；B.fell short 缺乏，不足；C.ran out 用光；D.let go 放走，放下。根据句意：我收拾好行装，放下工作计划，爬上60米的树顶，从此就一直在这里，故选D。6答案与解析：C考查形容词。A. refreshing 令人耳目一新的；B.risky 冒险

37、的； Cchallenging 富有挑战性的；D.rewarding 值得做的。 根据句意：在树顶上生活是富有挑战性的，故选C。7答案与解析：B考查动词短语。A. get up 起床；B.get away 逃脱；C.give in 屈服； Dgive up 放弃。根据句意：有时我会感到沮丧，希望能去任何地方，只需要换个环境就好了，故选B。8答案与解析：A考查名词。解析见第7题。9答案与解析：D考查形容词。A. confused 困惑的；B.nervous 紧张的；C.sorry 遗憾的，对不起；D.lonely 孤独的。 根据下文：想念我的朋友和家人，因此是感到孤独，故选D。10答案与解析：C

38、考查介词。A. Beyond 超出；B.Without 没有；C.Despite 尽管；D.Unlike 不像。根据句意：尽管如此，我发现自己喜欢这种经历，故选C。11答案与解析：B考查名词。A. height 高度； Bexperience 经历，经验； Cbackground 背景； Dposition 职位，位置。根据句意：尽管如此，我发现自己喜欢这种经历，故选B。12答案与解析：C考查动词。根据句意：只要需要，我就愿意待在这里，故选C。13答案与解析：A考查连词。根据句意：但我真的希望不久我就能把脚放在下面的地上，站在一片永远不会被砍伐的森林里，故选A。14答案与解析：B考查形容词。

39、解析见13题。15答案与解析：B考查动词。 A. moved 移动；B.logged 砍伐；C.burned 燃烧；D.missed 错过。句意解析见13题。.语法填空【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了2005年在美国新奥尔良市发生的超级飓风卡特里娜给当地人带来的巨大痛苦。1答案与解析：followed考查时态。本题叙述的是2005年发生的事情，要使用一般过去时。2答案与解析：homeless考查形容词。所填的词作主语补足语，对主语millions of others进行补充说明，所以用homeless。3答案与解析：its考查代词。短语make ones way to意为“前往”。4答案与

40、解析：active考查形容词。所填的词作定语修饰名词hurricane season，所以用形容词形式。5答案与解析：Surprisingly考查副词。所填的词作状语修饰整个句子，所以用副词形式。6答案与解析：blowing考查非谓语动词。此处为“with宾语宾语补足语”复合结构。当宾语和作宾语补足语的动词为逻辑主谓关系的时候，要使用动词ing形式。7答案与解析：which考查定语从句。此处是一个非限制性定语从句。which指代先行词the New Orleans Convention Center，在句中作主语。8答案与解析：higher考查比较级。本句使用比较级表示与过去相比，现在的堤坝更高，故填higher。9答案与解析：to考查介词。have access to.意为“有权进入，可以使用”，是固定搭配。10答案与解析：an考查冠词。此处泛指一个邮件和短信系统，且email读音以元音音素开头，故填an。