初中英语2026届中考核心时态归纳.doc

1、中考英语核心时态归纳一、核心时态详解1.一般现在时- Simple Present Tense【核心功能与用法】习惯性、经常性的动作: 表示日常规律、重复发生的事情 ( I get up at 6:30 every morning. She plays the piano on weekends.)客观事实、普遍真理: 描述科学事实、常识等 ( The sun rises in the east. Water boils at 100C.)表示状态、感觉、情感、拥有等: 常与表示状态、感觉、拥有、意愿等的动词连用 ( I like apples. She has a beautiful voi

2、ce. They know the answer. He wants to go home.)表示固定的时间表或安排(尤其交通工具、课程表): ( The train leaves at 9:00 pm. School starts at 8:00 am.)【结构】肯定句主语 + 动词原形 (主语非第三人称单数) / 动词原形+s/es (主语是第三人称单数 - he, she, it, 单数名词) + .We go to school by bus. / He goes to school by bus.三单变化规则加-s (plays); 以 s, x, sh, ch, o 结尾加-es

3、(guesses, fixes, washes, teaches, goes); 辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i加-es (studies, carries)。否定句主语 + do/does not (dont/doesnt) + 动词原形 + .I dont like coffee. / She doesnt live here.一般疑问句Do/Does + 主语 + 动词原形 + .?Do you speak English? / Does he play basketball?特殊疑问句疑问词 (What, When, Where, How, Why.) + do/does + 主语 + 动

4、词原形 + .?Where do they live ? / What time does the movie start ?【常用时间状语】 always, usually, often, sometimes, never, every day/week/year, on Mondays, once a week, at night, in the morning/afternoon/evening.2.现在进行时- Present Continuous Tense【核心功能与用法】说话时正在发生的动作: 描述此时此刻正在进行的事情 ( Look! It is raining . Liste

5、n! Someone is knocking at the door.)当前一段时间内正在进行的动作(但说话时不一定在进行): ( I am reading a very interesting book these days.)表示临时的计划或安排(将来时的一种表达, 尤指近期的、确定的): ( We are having a party this weekend. I am meeting my friend at 3 pm tomorrow.)【结构】肯定句主语 + am/is/are (be动词) + 动词-ing (现在分词) + .I am reading . / He is wr

6、iting . / They are playing .现在分词(ing)变化规则: 一般加-ing (going); 以不发音e结尾，去e加-ing (making); 重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写该辅音字母加-ing (running, swimming, sitting, getting).否定句主语 + am/is/are + not + 动词-ing + .I am not watching TV. / She is not/isnt sleeping .一般疑问句Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 动词-ing + .?Are you listening ? / Is

7、he doing his homework?特殊疑问句疑问词 + am/is/are + 主语 + 动词-ing + .?What are you doing ? / Where is she going ?【常用时间状语】 now, right now, at the moment, at present, Look! Listen! these days, this week/month, today (强调此刻正在发生)。注意：usually, always 等一般现在时的频度副词也可用于进行时，表示对“经常性”动作的某种情绪（如不耐烦、惊讶）。3.一般过去时- Simple Past

8、Tense【核心功能与用法】过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态: 描述已经结束的、发生在过去的事情 ( I visited my grandparents last week. He was a student five years ago.)过去经常或反复发生的动作: ( We played football together when we were children.)【结构】规则动词: 动词原形 + ed (walked, played, wanted)规则变化: 一般加-ed (worked); 以不发音e结尾加-d (lived); 辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i加-ed (studi

9、ed); 重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写该辅音字母加-ed (stopped, planned).不规则动词: 必须单独记忆 (go - went; see - saw; have - had; do - did; be - was/were; eat - ate; come - came; run - ran; etc.)关键点: be动词 过去时为 was (I/he/she/it/单数名词) / were (you/we/they/复数名词) 。肯定句主语 + 动词过去式 (规则动词-ed / 不规则动词) + .I watched TV yesterday. / She w

10、ent to the park. / They were happy.否定句主语 + did not (didnt) + 动词原形 + . (规则&不规则动词在此都用原形！ )I didnt watch TV. / She didnt go to the park. / They werent (were not) happy. (be动词的否定直接在was/were后加not )一般疑问句Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + .? (规则&不规则动词在此都用原形！)Did you watch TV? / Did she go to the park? / Were they happy? (b

11、e动词疑问句直接把was/were提前 )特殊疑问句疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动词原形 + .? (规则&不规则动词在此都用原形！)When did you watch TV? / Where did she go ? / Why were they happy?【常用时间状语】 yesterday, last night/week/month/year, .ago (two days ago, a month ago), in 1990, in the past, just now (刚才), the day before yesterday, once upon a time (很

12、久以前).4.一般将来时(初一常用表达法) - Simple Future Tense【核心功能与用法】 表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。初一阶段主要掌握两种表达方式:a. be going to + 动词原形主要用法:表示计划、打算要做的事情: ( I am going to visit my uncle next Sunday.)表示根据当前迹象、证据推测即将发生的事情: ( Look at the dark clouds! It is going to rain .)【结构】肯定句主语 + am/is/are going to + 动词原形 + .否定句主语 + am/is/are +

13、not going to + 动词原形 + .一般疑问句Am/Is/Are + 主语 + going to + 动词原形 + .?特殊疑问句疑问词 + am/is/are + 主语 + going to + 动词原形 + .?b. will (shall) + 动词原形主要用法:表示单纯的未来事实或预测: ( Tomorrow will be sunny. He will be 15 next year.)表示说话时即时决定的意愿或承诺: ( The phone is ringing. I will answer it. I will help you.)(shall在初一较少见，主要用于第一

14、人称I/we的问句中表示建议或征求对方意见: Shall we go now?)【结构】肯定句主语 + will (ll) + 动词原形 + .否定句主语 + will not (wont) + 动词原形 + .一般疑问句Will + 主语 + 动词原形 + .? (回答: Yes, . will. / No, . wont.)特殊疑问句疑问词 + will + 主语 + 动词原形 + .?两种表达法的区别(初一理解即可): be going to 强调计划、打算、有迹象 的将来；will 更强调预测、即时决定、客观未来 。【常用时间状语】 tomorrow, the day after to

15、morrow, next week/month/year, in the future, in + 时间段 (in two hours, in five years), soon, tonight, this afternoon/evening/weekend (如果还没到的话)。二、核心区分与易错点一般现在时vs 现在进行时:【关键】习惯 vs 此刻正在发生 / 长期状态 vs 短暂动作 。【易混淆点】He watches TV every night. (习惯) vs He is watching TV now. (此刻)I live in Beijing. (长期居住状态) vs I a

16、m living in a hotel these days. (暂时居住)特别注意状态动词(like, love, hate, know, understand, believe, have, own, need, want, see, hear, smell, taste, feel 等表示感官、情感、拥有的动词) ：它们通常不用 进行时态。不能说 I am liking this book. (应该说 I like this book.) 但有些状态动词在特定语境下含义改变时可用进行时 ( Im having dinner. 这里的have表示动作“吃”)。一般过去时vs 一般现在时:【关键】时间标志词 ！过去时必须有明确的过去时间状语或上下文提示发生在过去。【易错点】 容易忘记将动词变为过去式，尤其是第三人称单数的过去式。混淆时间状语 ( 把usually用在过去时句子里)。一般将来时be going to vs will:【重点】理解 be going to 侧重计划/打算/迹象 ； will 侧重预测/即时决定/承诺 。在没有明确计划或迹象的情况下谈论未来时，两者常可互换，但细微差别需体会。【易错点】 be going to 结构中漏掉be动词 (I going to . - I am going to . )。混淆 will 和 be going to 的结构。4