北京市延庆区2021届高考一模英语试题 WORD版含解析.doc

1、延庆区202020学年度高三模拟试卷高三英语本试卷共11页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。“I Got Him!”It was the homecoming parade in Rockwall, Texas, and cheerleader Tyra Winters in her uniform, was riding atop one of the sc

2、hools floats(花车). As it slowly made its way down the street, the 17-year-old enthusiastically _1_ at the crowd, all the while soaking in the music, laughter, and applause.All of a sudden, a horrible _2_ came. Looking down, Winters saw a two-year-old on the sidewalk gasping for air, his mother _3_ fo

3、r help in panic. The boy had been sucking on a piece of candy when it _4_ down the back of his mouth, lodging in his throat and blocking his windpipe.“There was no coughing；there was no _5_ ,” his mother, Nicole cried. No one seemed to know how to help.Except for Winters. With dreams of becoming a s

4、urgeon, she had learned the Heimlichmaneuver（海姆利克氏急救法）. Knowing that every second _6_, she leaped off the moving float and ran to the child.By the time she got to the boy, his face had turned purple. “I got him!” she yelled to Nicole as she _7_ the boy from her. Winterspositioned him against her and

5、 gave a good three back slaps.Soon, the boy coughed up the piece of _8_, gasped, and began breathing again. Without another word, Winters handed the boy back to his mother and hurried back to her float before it could leave her behind.It all happened so _9_, Nicole never had time to thank the teen.

6、Winters heroic actions left Nicole _10_. “I dont really have any words,” she said, “thank you doesnt seem good enough.”1. A. laughedB. wavedC. shoutedD. stared2. A. noiseB. ringC. whistleD. scream3. A. beggingB. applyingC. waitingD. preparing4. A. ranB. slidC. fellD. jumped5. A. gaspingB. cryingC. b

7、reathingD. speaking6. A. fadedB. continuedC. approachedD. counted7. A. grabbedB. movedC. drewD. separated8. A. nutB. bloodC. candyD. biscuit9. A. quicklyB. quietlyC. graduallyD. obviously10. A. hopelessB. speechlessC. helplessD. emotionless【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. C 6. D 7. A 8. C 9. A 10. B【解析】【分

8、析】这是一篇记叙文，讲述了一名17岁的啦啦队队长在游行时从彩车上跳下来救助一名因糖果堵住气管的男孩的英勇故事。【1题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当花车缓慢地经过街道时，这位17岁的女孩热情地朝人群挥手，当时所有人都沉浸在音乐、笑声和掌声里。A. laughed 笑；B. waved 挥手；C. shouted 大叫；D. stared 凝视。分析句子可知这位17岁的啦啦队队长cheerleader，“riding atop of the schools floats 坐在花车的顶上”，应该是朝人群挥手示意。故选B。【2题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：突然，传来一阵可怕的尖叫声。A. nois

9、e 噪音；B. ring 戒指；C. whistle 哨子；D. scream 尖叫。后文“his motherfor help in panic 他的妈妈慌张地求救”可知嘈杂的人群中这位妈妈要求救需要大声呼喊，故有尖叫声。故选D。【3题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Winters 看到人行道上一个两岁男孩在尽力呼吸，他的妈妈惊慌地请求帮助。A. begging 乞求；B. applying 应用；C. waiting 等待；D. preparing 准备。后文“a piece of candylodging in his throat and locking his windpipe”“一块

10、糖果掉到他的喉咙里，堵住了气管”可知这个男孩难以呼吸，故他的妈妈呼救。故选A。【4题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个男孩之前吸吮一块糖果，当时糖果从嘴巴后侧滑落进入喉咙，堵住了气管。A. ran 跑；B. slide 滑；C. fell 落下；D. jumped 跳。分析句子可知吃糖果的时候，只有从嘴巴后侧滑进去，才会到喉咙。故选B。【5题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意： “不咳嗽、也没有呼吸，”他妈妈Nicole哭着说道。A. grasping 抓住；B. crying 哭泣；C. breathing 呼吸；D. speaking 说。前文说男孩子“grasping for air 努力、尽

11、力呼吸”可知堵住气管的他很难呼吸成功，几乎不能呼吸。故选C。【6题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：知道每一秒钟都十分重要，她跳下彩车，跑向那个孩子。A. faded 消逝；B. continued 继续；C. approached 接近；D. counted 重要、有价值。根据前文可知男孩呼吸困难，而“Winters had learned the Heimlich maneuver 学过海姆利克氏急救法”，故她知道对于呼吸困难的急救而言，每一秒钟都只举足轻重的。故选D。【7题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我来抓住他！”当她从Nicole那里夺过男孩时她朝Nicole大声喊道。A. grabb

12、ed 夺取；B. moved 移动；C. drew 拖、拉；D. separated 分开。分析前后文可知最初男孩的母亲在照顾他，Winters 肯定是从妈妈Nicole那里把小孩抢夺过去，然后试图抢救。故选A。【8题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：很快，那个男孩就咳出了那块糖果，抓住，然后重新开始呼吸。A. nut 坚果；B. blood 血液；C. candy 糖果；D. biscuit 饼干。由前文可知男孩是被糖果卡住气管的，故咳出来也应该是糖果。故选C。【9题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：这一切如此的快，Nicole都没来得及感谢这位少年。A. quickly 快速地；B. quietl

13、y 安静地；C. gradually 逐渐地；D. obviously 显然地。由后文“never had time to thank the teen 没时间感谢这位少年”可推断出是救治速度很快，Winters救回男孩后就快速离开了。故选A。【10题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Winters 的英勇壮举使Nicole一时语塞，不知道说啥。A. hopeless 无希望的；B. speechless 一时语塞的；C. helpless 无助的；D. emotionless 没有情感的。后文“I dont really have any words 我真没什么可说的”可知Nicole一时语塞

14、了。故选B。第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Did you ever run off and forget your drink? Thats _11_ happened to 11-year old Frank Epperson in 1905. Hed been mixing drink mix with a stick, and _12_ (leave) the cup and stick out on the porch all nigh

15、t. And it got cold. In the morning, Frank found a _13_ (freeze) block of sweet drink- with a handy stick to hold it. He thought that was pretty cool so he made more. Soon, everyone enjoyed his ice pops. At first Frank called them Epsicles, but later they got a different namepopsicles.【答案】11. what 12

16、. left 13. frozen【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了冰棒的由来。1905年11岁的弗兰克埃珀森把用棍子搅拌饮料后把它放在门廊上一整晚，然后饮料变成了冰棒，这种冰棒受到了大家的欢迎。【11题详解】考查表语从句。句意：1905年11岁的弗兰克埃珀森就是这样。在表语从句中缺少主语，且是指事情，所以应用what引导。故填what。【12题详解】考查一般过去时。句意：他一直在用棍子搅拌饮料，把杯子放在门廊上一整晚。根据“in 1905”可知，此处描述过去的事情，且发生在他一直在用棍子搅拌饮料之后，所以应用一般过去时。故填left。【13题详解】考查形容词。句意：第二天早上，弗兰克

17、发现了一块冰冻的甜饮料，里面有一根手杖。根据“Soon, everyone enjoyed his ice pops.”(很快，每个人都喜欢他的冰激凌。)可知，此处是指冰冻的甜饮料，应用形容词frozen表示“冰冻的”修饰名词block。故填frozen。B阅读短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。The robotic lunar mission ended _14_ (successful) early on December 18th. Change 5s reentry capsule, _15_ (carr

18、y) rocks and soils from the moon, landed on the grassland in northern China. It is reported that Change 5 mission is Chinas most complicated and challenging space adventure, which_16_ (make) China the third nation in the world to bring back lunar samplesright after the U.S. and the former Soviet Uni

19、on. The missions results will contribute to deepening mankinds understanding of the origin of the moon and _17_ (develop) of the solar system.【答案】14. successfully 15. carrying 16. has made 17. development【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，旨在介绍嫦娥5号航天任务。【14题详解】考查副词。句意：机器人登月任务早在12月18号就成功结束。分析句子可知successful“成功的”在句中修饰动词en

20、ded“结束”，应该用其副词形式。故填successfully。【15题详解】考查现在分词。句意：嫦娥5号的返回舱，承载着从月球而来的石头和土壤，在中国北部的草原着陆。分析句意可知主语Change 5s reentry capsule“嫦娥5号的返回舱”与carry“携带”是主谓关系，但此句已有谓语动词landed“着陆”，故carry用现在分词表示主动进行的动作。故填carrying。【16题详解】考查时态。句意：据报道，嫦娥5号的任务是中国航天之旅最复杂而具有挑战性的，这也使得中国成为紧接在美国和前苏联后的第三个带回月球样本的国家。分析句子可知，此空为非限定性定语从句的谓语部分。且中国是过

21、去到现在为止第三个带回月球标本的，故make“使得”用现在完成时。故填has made。【17题详解】考查名词。句意：此次任务的成果将有助于深化人类对月球起源和太阳系发展的理解。分析句子可知空格处填develop“发展”的名词，表示太阳系的发展历史，且与前文的名词短语the origin of the moon “月球的起源”形成并列结构。故填development。C阅读短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Pixar is one of the worlds most famous and successful

22、lm _18_ (studio). Its latest animated lm, Soul, _19_ (release) last November. Soul tells the story of Joe Gardner, an aspiring jazz musician living in New York. One day, after an accident, Gardner ends up in the Great Beforea place _20_ souls must “find their spark” before entering a human body. Whe

23、n Gardner is given the job of mentoring a soul called 22, he tries to find his way back to Earth.【答案】18. studios 19. was released 20. where【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了由世界上最著名的电影制片厂皮克斯最新出品的动画电影心灵奇旅。【18题详解】考查名词的数。句意：皮克斯是世界上最著名和最成功的电影制片厂之一。one of + the +形容词最高级 + 复数名词。故填studios。【19题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：它的最新动画电影心灵奇

24、旅于去年11月上映。根据句中时间状语last November可知，用一般过去时。主语Its latest animated lm, Soul与release之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was released。【20题详解】考查定语从句。句意：一天，在一场意外之后，加德纳来到了“伟大的之前”一个灵魂在进入人体之前必须“找到他们的火花”的地方。句中先行词为place，在定语从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。故填where。第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题

25、卡上将该项涂黑。AThe simplest smartphone everThe Jitterbug Smart2 from GreatCall is the simplest phone with a simple menu, large screen and particular health and safety services.Easy Everything you want to do, from texting and taking pictures, to emailing and getting directions, is organized in a single lis

26、t on one screen with large legible letters. Plus, voice typing makes writing emails and texts effortless.Smart Turn your Jitterbug Smart2 into a personal safety device with GreatCalls 55tar Urgent Response Service and particular health apps.Affordable GreatCall has a variety of plans with data start

27、ing as low as $17.48 per month. Compared to other cell phone companies, you could save over $300 per year.Why the Jitterbug Smart2 is your best choice for a new smartphone:No long-term contractsKeep your current phone number100% U.S.-based customer service and technical supportNo hidden monthly fees

28、Affordable, flexible plansTo order or learn more, call1-800-410-2629Or visit25% off of $149.99 MSRP is only valid(有效的) for new lines of service. Offer valid 11/12/2020 through 1/2/20. Monthly fees do not include government taxes or assessment surcharges and are subject to change. Plans and services

29、may require purchase of a GreatCall device and a one-time setup fee of $35. $300 savings calculation based on market leaders lowest available monthly published fees. JITTERBUG are trademarks of Best Buy and its attached companies. 2020 Best Buy. All rights reserved. What makes writing emails and tex

30、ts easy according to the passage?A. The simple menu.B. The large screen.C. The single list.D. The speech input.22. When can you get the discount when buying Jitterbug Smart2?A. November 11st, 2020.B. January 10th, 2020.C. January 1st, 20.D. February 10th, 20.23. What is the purpose of this passage?A

31、. To advertise a smartphone.B. To recommend health apps.C. To introduce a safety device.D. To compare wireless networks.【答案】. D 22. C 23. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章是一则手机广告，并且介绍了这款手机的几个优点，其中包括使用简便，智能，便宜等。【题详解】细节理解题。第二段最后一句提到“Plus, voice typing makes writing emails and texts effortless.”（此外，语音打字让写邮件和短信变得毫不费力

32、）由此可知，语音输入使得写邮件和短信变得更简单，故选D。【22题详解】细节理解题。最后一段第一句提到“25% off of $149.99 MSRP is only valid(有效的) for new lines of service. Offer valid 11/12/2020 through 1/2/20.”（建议零售价149.99美元的25%折扣只适用于新服务线路。有效期11/12/2020至1/2/20）再结合选项可知，可以在20年1月1日使用折扣购买手机。故选C。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据文章标题“The simplest smartphone ever”（史上最简单的智能手

33、机）可知，本文介绍一款智能手机，后文中又介绍了手机的优点以及价格方面的折扣，由此判断是为这款手机进行广告宣传。故选A。【点睛】BMy first year living in Los Angeles, I was a birthday-party clown. I struggled a lot with my identity because, though I viewed myself as a filmmaker, everyone in my life viewed me as this ridiculous day job.Once I was told, “Tomorrow yo

34、ure going to be Batman.” Now, keep in mind that at the time I had a giant mustache. I know a clown with a mustache is a huge red flag for parents. But I hadnt wanted to alter my physical appearance for that job, because that would have been me subconsciously admitting I was more of a clown than an a

35、rtist.The next day, I went to the party in a huge public park, and I left my car parked far enough away so that the kids couldnt see Batman pulling up in a PT Cruiser. Walking to the party, I started to regret my choice not to shave. “Gosh, this party is not going to go well.” Sure enough, once I go

36、t close enough for them to actually start making out the features of my face, the entire party broke out in laughter. I was so embarrassed that I wanted to turn around and run back to my Batmobile. But then the laughter kind of changed into cheering and applause. Feeling kind of warm and fuzzy insid

37、e, I wondered, “Is this what encouragement and support feel like? Its so new.”Then I decided to make an entrance for these kids. I was still about 20 yards away from the party when I started running. My cape was billowing in the wind, and mustache or not, in that moment, I was Batman. I ran into the

38、 party, and the kids were all high-fiving me. The dad was saying, “I told you, son. I told you Batman has a mustache.” Then he took me over to this huge birthday cake with a frosting Batman drawn on it, and the Batman has a mustache. I just stared at it in disbelief and learnt that instead of just a

39、dmitting that the cake was messed up, the parents said, “Batman has a mustache. He just shaves it for his movies.”That year, I struggled a lot with my identity; was I a filmmaker, or was I a clown? But that day, at least, there was no doubt in my mind what I was. I may not have been the hero that th

40、ey ordered, and I certainly was not the hero they expected. But that day, I was the hero that they needed.24. Why did “I” keep my mustache?A. I struggled a lot for being a filmmaker.B. I wanted to be a Batman in a birthday party.C. I knew that a clown should wear a mustache.D. I hadnt wanted to chan

41、ge my appearance for the job.25. How did “I” enter the party?A I ran fast.B. I high-fived.C. I drove the car.D. I walked slowly.26. How did “I” feel at the end of the party?A Satisfied.B. Astonished.C. Disappointed.D. Ashamed.【答案】24. D 25. A 26. A【解析】【详解】本文是一篇记叙文。作者是一名在生日聚会上表演的小丑。有一次，作者需要扮演成蝙蝠侠，他却决定

42、以不刮胡子的形象示众。1细节理解题。根据第二段“I know a clown with a mustache is a huge red flag for parents. But I hadnt wanted to alter my physical appearance for that job, because that would have been me subconsciously admitting I was more of a clown than an artist.(我知道有胡子的小丑对于父母来说是一种鼓舞。但我不想为了扮演蝙蝠侠而改变我的外形，因为那对我来说就是承认与其

43、说我是艺术家，倒不如说是我是小丑)”可知，作者保留了胡子，因为他不想为了这份工作而改变自己的外貌。故选D。2细节理解题。根据第四段中的“I ran into the party, and the kids were all high-fiving me.(我跑进派对，孩子们都跟我击掌)”可知，作者跑着进入派对。故选A。3推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“But that day, I was the hero that they needed.(但是那天，我是他们需要的英雄)”可推知，作者对自己的表现是满意的。A. Aatisfied.满意的；B. Astonished. 吃惊的；C. Dis

44、appointed.失望的；D. ashamed.可耻的。故选A。CWhile many people arent getting enough calcium, new research cautions that some people may have the opposite problem: They could be getting too much. Americans spend more than$1 billion a year on calcium supplements in hopes of delaying osteoporosis, the brittle bon

45、e disease that cripples many elderly women and some men. Yet recent studies link calcium supplements to a higher risk of heart attacks. Last month, the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force issued a draft recommendation against taking calcium and vitamin D, saying there wasnt enough evidence of benefi

46、t to justify the risk.For generations of Americans who grew up encouraged to drink milk to maintain strong bones, the reports raised troubling questions: Is calcium not so important after all? Are the supplements unsafe? And how much is too much? “Its gotten very confusing but it doesnt need to be,”

47、 says Ethel Siris, director of the Toni Stabile Osteoporosis Center in New York. How much calcium people need varies by age and gender. “Adults generally need 1,000 mg daily, rising to 1,200 mg for women over 50 and men over 70, according to guidelines issued in 2010. Children need 1,300 mg daily du

48、ring the peak growing years of 9 to 18.”People also need sufficient levels of vitamin D to absorb the calcium. The IOM recommends 600 international units a day for most adults, and 800 daily after age 70, although many physicians recommend more. It is difficult to take in that much vitamin D from fo

49、od sources, so experts say many people should take vitamin D in supplement form.Getting adequate calcium from food is easier. For example, 8 ounces of milk or 6 ounces of yogurt has 300 mg of calcium, and one cup of spinach has 270 mg.But studies linking calcium supplements to heart attack have made

50、 experts more cautious of excess calcium than before. A study of 24,000 Germans published in the journal Heart last month, found that those who got their calcium exclusively from supplements were more than twice as likely to have a heart attack as those who took no supplements.Exactly how calcium su

51、pplements might contribute to heart attacks baffles cardiologists. “Nobody has associated the calcium in your bloodstream with calcification in your arteries,” says Nieca Goldberg, medical director of the Joan H. Tisch Center. Still, she says she now urges patients get their recommended calcium from

52、 food than from supplements to avoid possible problems.Osteoporosis experts also urge patients not to take more than the recommended amount of calcium. “People should definitely stop taking two big calcium supplements a day,” says Dr. Dawson-Hughes. Even if the risks remain unclear, taking more than

53、 the body can absorb doesnt benefit bones, “so its not worth any risk.” She adds.27. According to the new studies, taking much calcium might _.A. delay agingB. build musclesC. cause heart problemsD. cure bone diseases28. What is Ethel Siris opinion on taking calcium supplements?A. Taking calcium sup

54、plements is unsafe.B. Adults need more calcium than children.C. Age and gender determine taking calcium.D. It is much safer to take calcium from food.29. What does the underlined word “baffle” in Paragraph 6 mean?A. InterestB. PuzzleC. AmazeD. Frighten30. What can we learn from the passage?A. It is

55、helpful to take two calcium supplements a day.B. It is important to maintain strong bones for women.C. It is unnecessary to take too much calcium supplement.D. It is best to take calcium and vitamin D from supplement.【答案】27. C 28. C 29. B 30. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。作者介绍如今大多数人喜欢从补充物上过多的摄取钙以为对身体有好处。实际上相关研究证

56、明没有好处，反而可能有害处。【27题详解】细节理解题。第一段倒数第二句“Yet recent studies link calcium supplements to a higher risk of heart attacks.”（最近的研究表明额外补钙与较高的心脏病风险有联系。）即摄入过多的钙可能会导致心脏病。故选C。【28题详解】细节理解题。第二段第四至五行“How much calcium people need varies by age and gender.”（人们所需钙的摄入量因年龄和性别不同而有所不同。）可知，Ethel Siris认为性别和年龄是决定每个人所需钙的摄入量的决定

57、因素。故选C。【29题详解】词句猜测题。第六段二三句“Nobody has associated the calcium in your bloodstream with calcification in your arteries,” says Nieca Goldberg, medical director of the Joan H. Tisch Center. Still, she says she now urges patients get their recommended calcium from food than from supplements to avoid poss

58、ible problems.”（Joan H. Tisch中心的主任医师Nieca Goldberg认为虽然还没有人将血液中的钙和人体动脉的钙化联系在一起，她还是劝她的病人从食物中摄取钙，而不是从补充物上摄取，以防可能出现的问题。）也就是说她虽然不确定血液中钙的含量对心血管疾病有害，但也不敢下定论说完全没有害，故可推断对于这个问题像她这样的心脏病专家也是迷惑的。可推测baffle意思与puzzle相似，意为“使迷惑”。故选B。【30题详解】推理判断题。最后一段倒数第二句“Even if the risks remain unclear, taking more than the body ca

59、n absorb doesnt benefit bones”（虽然风险还不确定，摄取比身体能够吸收的量还要多的钙对骨头没什么益处。）故摄入过量即使没有危害，也是没什么必要的。故选C。【点睛】 DNeurotechnew, potentially revolutionary technologypromises to transform our lives. With all the global challenges of today, we need revolutionary technology to help the world cope.There are different typ

60、es of neurotechsome is invasive, some isnt. Invasive brain-computer interfaces involve placing microelectrodes or other kinds of neurotech materials directly onto the brain or even embedding them into the neural tissue. Such technology has already improved the quality of life and abilities of people

61、 with different illnesses or impairments, from epilepsy to Parkinsons Disease to chronic pain. There is also noninvasiveneurotech that can be used for similar applications. For example, researchers have developed wearables to infer a persons intended speech or movement. These are already quite impre

62、ssive, but there is also neurotech that really pushes the envelope. Not only can it sense or read neurodata but it can also modulateinvasively and noninvasively. This research is still in early stages, but its advancing rapidly.As neurotech becomes more commonplace, we must consider the risks it mig

63、ht present, the morals around it, and the necessary regulation. We have to anticipate and deal with the implications related to the development and use of this technology. Any neurotech applications should consider potential consequences for the autonomy, privacy, responsibility, consent, integrity

64、and dignity of a person.What if someone were to face employment discrimination because the algorithms（算法） that power a neurotech application used for hiring misinterpret his or her neurodata? What if a criminal gets a hold of the previous or current neurodata of the secretary of defense and steals t

65、op secret information? Concerns increase when we are not just monitoring someones neurodata but also interpreting it, decoding the persons thoughtswith implications for accuracy and mental privacy.One tricky aspect is that most of the neurodata generated by the nervous systems is unconscious. It mea

66、ns it is very possible to unknowingly or unintentionally provide neurotech with information that one otherwise wouldnt. So, in some applications of neurotech, the presumption of privacy within ones own mind may simply no longer be a certainty.As new, emerging technology, neurotech challenges corpora

67、tions, researchers and individuals to reaffirm our commitment to responsible innovation, its essential to enforce guardrails so that they lead to beneficial long-term outcomeson company, national and international levels. We need to ensure that researchers and manufacturers of neurotech as well as p

68、olicymakers and consumers approach it responsibly. Lets act now to avoid any future risks as neurotech maturesfor the benefit of humanity.31. The first two paragraphs mainly _.A. state the quality of neurotechB. stress the necessity of neurotechC. compare the functions of neurotechD. present the tec

69、hnology of neurotech32. What can be inferred from the passage?A. Noninvasive neurotech is much better than invasive one.B. Messages within ones mind can be safer with neurotech.C. It brings more risks to privacy to have neurodata anyalyzed.D. Proper rules have already been made to deal with neurodat

70、a.33. According to the passage, companies, policy makers and consumers should _.A. interpret all neurodata to improve accuracyB. use neurotechnology in a responsible wayC. help develop more noninvasive applicationsD avoid neurotech for the benefit of mankind34. Which of the following would be the be

71、st title for the passage?A. Neurotech Has Long-term BenefitsB. Neurotech Meet Moral ChallengesC. Neurotech Transform Human livesD. Neurotech Become Commonplace【答案】31. D 32. C 33. B 34. B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了神经技术的定义和它面临的道德挑战。【31题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Neurotechnew, potentially revolutionary technologypromis

72、es to transform our lives.（神经科技一项潜在革命性的新技术承诺改变我们的生活。）”以及第二段“There are different types of neurotechsome is invasive, some isnt.（有不同类型的神经科技有些是侵入性的，有些不是。）”可知，前两段主要介绍了神经技术。故选D。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Any neurotech applications should consider potential consequences for the autonomy, privacy, responsibility,

73、consent, integrity and dignity of a person.（任何神经技术应用都应该考虑对个人的自主性、隐私、责任、同意、正直和尊严的潜在后果。）”可知，对神经数据进行分析会给隐私带来更多风险。故选C。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“We need to ensure that researchers and manufacturers of neurotech as well as policymakers and consumers approach it responsibly.（我们需要确保神经科技的研究人员和制造商，以及政策制定者和消费者负责任地对待

74、它。）”可知，公司、政策制定者和消费者应该以负责任的方式使用神经技术。故选B。【34题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“As neurotech becomes more commonplace, we must consider the risks it might present, the morals around it, and the necessary regulation.（随着神经科技变得越来越普遍，我们必须考虑它可能带来的风险、围绕它的道德以及必要的监管。）”以及下文都在讲述神经科技保证消费者的精神隐私的问题，可知，本文主要介绍的是神经科技面临道德挑战的主题。故选B。第二节（共5

75、小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Can you move 11 minutes a day? Youll live longer if you doThere is no denying that 2020 has reduced activity levels. Between the Zoom meetings, Netflix binges and virtual cocktail hours, increased sitting is a pandemic-driven reality for many.

76、_35_ But there is good news! Despite all that sedentary time, with as little as 11 minutes of movement a day, you can increase your life span, arecent studyhas found._36_ Its true; past studies, including a popularstudyfrom 2016, had originally put the daily exercise target at 60 to 75 minutes for m

77、ortality benefits. However, that study was based on self-reported data, which this latest study, published in the British Journal of Sports Medicine, found to be flawed due to people misremembering their actual activity levels.Taking a more objective approach, scientists at the Norwegian School of S

78、ports Medicine based their research on the use of activity monitors to track exercise versus sedentary time. The results showed that participants who exercised 35 minutes per day saw the biggest statistical difference on life span. Yet just 11 minutes of moderate exercise equivalent to a brisk walk

79、still had a noticeable positive impact. _37_Here is a way to consider4 sets of a 3-minute body-weight exercise sequence. Depending on the exercises you use, you may go at a slightly different pace during each round, making it about 11 minutes. When selecting your exercises, try to pick a sequence of

80、 movements that will equate to a full-body workout of moderate effort. _38_ Ideally, do a combo, determining the number of repetitions for each exercise based on your fitness level and maintaining a three-minute sequence for the time frame.See how easy it is to fit in 11 minutes of daily exercise? Y

81、ou can do it. _39_ Although no one can give you a do-over of 2020, you can make up for lost time by adding a little more to your life span.A. In fact, you owe it to yourself after getting through this past year.B. And studies have revealed the greathealth risksof prolonged sitting.C. The simplest wa

82、y is with a walk outside or on the treadmill at your local gym.D. A lower barrier makes it easier to get even the most inactive among us moving.E. You might wonder about the hour-per-day measurement youve been hearing about for years.F. Whats more, both time frames were positively impactful, regardl

83、ess of the amount of sitting.G. Avoid doing only upper-body movements unless you do lower-body movements the next day.【答案】35. B 36. E 37. F 38. G 39. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了疫情导致了人们久坐，从而危害健康，主要就每天锻炼11分钟可以延长寿命研究展开了说明。【35题详解】根据上文“There is no denying that 2020 has reduced activity levels. Between the Z

84、oom meetings, Netflix binges and virtual cocktail hours, increased sitting is a pandemic-driven reality for many.(不可否认，2020年的活动水平有所下降。对许多人来说，在Zoom会议、Netflix狂欢和虚拟鸡尾酒时间之间，久坐是一个受流行病驱动的现实)”可知，上文提到疫情导致了人们久坐，可知本句应当承接上文说明久坐对人们的影响，故B选项“研究表明长时间坐着对健康有很大的危害”符合语境，故选B。【36题详解】根据上文“But there is good news! Despite

85、all that sedentary time, with as little as 11 minutes of movement a day, you can increase your life span, a recent study has found.(但也有好消息！最近的一项研究发现，尽管久坐不动，每天只需运动11分钟，你仍然可以延长寿命)”以及后文“Its true; past studies, including a popular study from 2016, had originally put the daily exercise target at 60 to 75

86、 minutes for mortality benefits.(这是真的；过去的研究，包括2016年的一项流行研究，最初把每天锻炼的目标定为60至75分钟，以降低死亡率)”可知，上文提到了每天运动很短时间仍然可以延长寿命，后文则提到了每天锻炼一小时可以降低死亡率，故E选项“你可能想知道你已经听了很多年的每天一小时的运动”符合语境，故选E。【37题详解】根据上文“Taking a more objective approach, scientists at the Norwegian School of Sports Medicine based their research on the u

87、se of activity monitors to track exercise versus sedentary time. The results showed that participants who exercised 35 minutes per day saw the biggest statistical difference on life span. Yet just 11 minutes of moderate exercise equivalent to a brisk walk still had a noticeable positive impact.(挪威运动

88、医学院的科学家采取了更客观的方法，他们的研究基于使用活动监测器来跟踪锻炼和久坐时间。结果显示，每天锻炼35分钟的参与者在寿命方面的统计差异最大。然而，仅仅11分钟的适度锻炼相当于快走仍然有显著的积极影响)”可知，上文提到了每天锻炼35和11分钟两个时间段，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文说明这两个时间段的作用。故F选项“更重要的是，无论坐的时间长短，这两个时间段都具有积极的影响”符合语境，故选F。【38题详解】根据上文“Here is a way to consider4 sets of a 3-minute body-weight exercise sequence. Depending on

89、 the exercises you use, you may go at a slightly different pace during each round, making it about 11 minutes. When selecting your exercises, try to pick a sequence of movements that will equate to a full-body workout of moderate effort.(下面是一种三分钟的四组体重锻炼的方法。根据你所使用的练习，你可以在每一轮中以稍微不同的速度进行，大约11分钟。当选择你的运动

90、时，试着选择一个运动顺序，这将等同于一个中等力度的全身锻炼)”可知，上文提到了选择运动顺序以及提到了全身锻炼，故本句承接上文继续就身体锻炼的顺序进行说明。故G选项“避免只做上半身的动作，除非第二天你做下半身的动作”符合语境，故选G。【39题详解】根据后文“Although no one can give you a do-over of 2020, you can make up for lost time by adding a little more to your life span.(虽然没有人能给你2020年重新来过的机会，但你可以通过延长一点寿命来弥补失去的时间)”可知，后文提到了

91、可以通过延长寿命来弥补失去的时间，可推测本句是在解释过去的一年虽然无法重来，但仍然应该心存感激。故A选项“事实上，在度过了过去的一年之后，你应该感谢自己”符合语境，故选A。第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节 阅读表达（共4小题；第1、2题各2分，第3题3分，第4题5分， 共12分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。Two-drink limit at Wetherspoons for parents of rowdy childrenThe pub chain JD Wetherspoon has insisted families are welcome but on the pr

92、emises despite advising staff to make them agree a limit of two alcoholic drinks per person for parents with children in town.The two-drink limit came to light after a member of staff at a Wetherspoons pub in Gravesend, Kent, put up a poster detailing its policy.“As part of our licensing it is our r

93、esponsibility to ensure that we are protecting children from harm,” read the poster at The Robert Pocock pub.“Therefore adults in charge of children will be allowed to have one alcoholic drink and a further alcoholic drink with a sit-down meal.”It is a crime for anybody in charge of a child under th

94、e age of seven to be drunk in a public place under the 1902 Licensing Act. A person convicted of this offence can be subject to a fine or up to one month in prison.“Its been around eight or 10 years. Its a guideline, not a policy,” said Eddie Gershon.But while the poster stressed the need to “protec

95、t children from harm”，Mr Gershon suggested the rule had been adopted to “prevent unruly behavior” among young guests. Asked whether children were welcome in Wetherspoons pubs, Mr Gershon replied，“Yes, wed be a fool to say otherwise. We have a kids menu, coloured pencils for kidschildren in pubs is a

96、 massive part of what Wetherspoons does.”However, he warned that parents believed to be “using the pub as a nursery might be asked to leave. Mr Gershon added that “it is just good manners” for parents to stop their children from misbehaving and being unruly in public places.On its website the pub op

97、erator states: “Families are welcome to dine in the majority of our pubs; however, permitted hours for customers aged under 18 years may vary from pub to pub.”It adds: “Some of our pubs may request that all members of a party with an under-18 present order a main meal, if alcoholic is ordered.”40. W

98、ho does the Two-drink policy apply to?41. What is the result of disobeying the 1902 Licensing Act?42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why？To protect children and those under 18 years, the pub chain JD limits the drinks but is open to those

99、customers at any time.43. In daily life, how do your parents keep you away from alcohol and why? (about 40 words)【答案】40. Those who have dine with children under the age of seven. 41. If you disobey the 1902 Licensing Act, you will be fined or up to one month in prison. 42. To protect children and th

100、ose under 18 years, the pub chain JD limits the drinks but is open to those customers at any time. 43. 言之有理即可【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了一家酒吧为保护儿童免受伤害而规定限制带孩子的父母每人最多只能喝两杯酒。【40题详解】考查细节理解。根据第四段“Therefore adults in charge of children will be allowed to have one alcoholic drink and a further alcoholic drink with

101、 a sit-down meal.”和第五段“It is a crime for anybody in charge of a child under the age of seven to be drunk in a public place under the 1902 Licensing Act.”( 因此，负责照看孩子的成年人可以在坐下来吃饭时喝一杯酒精饮料，再喝一杯。根据1902年的执照法，任何有7岁以下孩子的家长在公共场所醉酒都是犯罪行为)”可知，该规定适用于那些带着七岁以下孩子出来酒吧用餐的家长。故答案为Those who have dine with children unde

102、r the age of seven.【41题详解】考查细节理解。根据第五段“A person convicted of this offence can be subject to a fine or up to one month in prison.( 被判犯有这一罪行的人可被罚款或监禁一个月)”可知，违反这一政策的人会判罚款或监禁一个月。故答案为If someone disobeys the 1902 Licensing Act, he will be fined or be put in prison up to one month.【42题详解】考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段“Fam

103、ilies are welcome to dine in the majority of our pubs; however, permitted hours for customers aged under 18 years may vary from pub to pub.”(我们大多数酒吧都欢迎家庭用餐；然而，18岁以下顾客的营业时间因酒吧而异)”可知，有18岁以下孩子在场时，营业时间是有限制的，并不是在任何时间都开门营业。所以at any time 错误。故答案To protect children and those under 18 years, the pub chain JD

104、limits the drinks but is open to those customers at any time.【43题详解】考查表达能力。可以表示父母耐心讲解饮酒的危害并以身作则，及时监督。故答案为My parents patiently explained the bad effects on my well-being and life,and they set a good example to me,living a healthy life.第二节 应用文写作（20分）44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。 为迎接北京2022年冬奥会，你们学校下个月将要举办“迎冬奥 做贡

105、献”主题活动。请你给交换生Jim写一封邮件，邀请他参加此次活动，内容包括：1.活动目的；2.具体安排；3.发出邀请。注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dear Jim,_Yours,Li Hua【答案】Dear Jim,Having known that you are into the Winter Olympics to be held in Beijing, I am writing to invite you to participate in the relevant activity in our school.In order to promote

106、 the Olympic spirit and get deeper insights into the winter sports, an activity themed on “Make a Contribution to the Winter Olympics” will be held next month, when a series of lectures will be open to everyone, such as lectures on how to communicate with people from different countries and ways to

107、improve air quality. Additionally, there will be many competitions varying from skiing to skating so that you can choose whichever you are interested in.Hopefully, you can come and enjoy the activity. Yours,Li Hua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生交换生Jim写一封邮件，邀请他参加你们学校下个月将要举办“迎冬奥 做贡献”主题活动。【详解】1.词汇积累对感兴趣：be int

108、erested inbe into/be crazy about参加：join in/take part inparticipant in深入了解：make a better understanding ofget deeper insights into范围从到：range fromto= vary fromto2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Hopefully, you can come and enjoy the activity.拓展句：I sincerely hope that you can come and enjoy the activity.【点睛】高分句型1 Having

109、known that you are into the Winter Olympics to be held in Beijing, I am writing to invite you to participate in the relevant activity in our school. (运用了that引导的宾语从句)高分句型2 Additionally, there will be many competitions varying from skiing to skating so that you can choose whichever you are interested in. (运用了so that引导的状语从句)