2020-2021学年新教材高中英语 语法填空专练课时作业（含解析）外研版必修第三册.doc

1、课时作业19语法填空专练阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1Chinese researchers have planned to build an airport in Antarctica in November. The Chinese _1_ (be) not very used to flying to the southernmost continent because the countrys first polar plane, the Snow Eagle 601, _2_ (put) into use only three years ago.

2、Before the Snow Eagle 601, Chinese researchers traveled to the icecovered land by ship, which took significantly _3_ (long) than flying. There are currently more than 20 airports in Antarctica, but none of them belong to China. The Snow Eagle 601 has to rely on Russian airports _4_ (take) off and la

3、nd. Thats _5_ the Chinese researchers decided to build their own. Building an airport in Antarctica is very different from building one elsewhere. The continent is covered by a _6_ (constant) moving layer of ice, so the builders must find somewhere that moves at the slowest possible pace and in a _7

4、_ (fix) direction.The builders managed to find a spot back in early 2017 following _8_ tough measuring process that took place in the stormlike polar winds. The next problem is the snow. The soft nature of snow makes _9_ a bad material for a runway. So the builders must use road rollerlike _10_ (mac

5、hine) to press the snow, which can be very timeconsuming in extreme coldness.本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述的是中国研究人员计划在南极洲建造一座机场的有关事宜。1are解析：考查时态和主谓一致。句意：中国人不太习惯飞往最南端的大陆。这里在说一个客观事实，句子用一般现在时态，且主语是The Chinese，复数形式，故答案为are。2was_put解析：考查时态和语态。句意：该国第一架极地飞机“雪鹰601”仅在三年前投入使用。此处句子主语是第三人称单数形式，与谓语动词put之间是一种被动关系，再根据three years

6、ago可知句子用一般过去时态的被动语态，故答案为was put。3longer解析：考查比较级。根据than可知此空用比较级，故答案为longer。4to_take解析：考查动词不定式。句意：雪鹰601必须依靠俄罗斯机场起飞和降落。此处是动词不定式作目的状语。故答案为to take。5why解析：考查表语从句。句意：这就是为什么中国的研究人员决定建造一个属于自己国家的飞机场的原因。结合句意可知此处是why引导的表语从句，故答案为why。6constantly解析：考查词性转换。此处moving是形容词，意思是“移动的”，所以由副词来修饰形容词，故答案为constantly。7fixed解析：考

7、查形容词。句意：因此，建造者必须找到一个移动速度尽可能慢、方向固定的地方。fixed“固定的”，故答案为fixed。8a解析：考查不定冠词。句意：2017年初，在经历了一个艰难的测量过程后，建造者们成功找到了一个地点，测量过程是在风暴般的极地风中进行的。结合句意可知答案为a。9it解析：考查it的用法。句意：雪的柔软性质使它不适合作为跑道的材料。此处用it指代前面提到的snow。故答案为it。10machines解析：考查名词复数。句意：因此，建筑工人必须使用像滚轴一样的机器来压雪，这在极端寒冷的环境中是非常耗时的。结合句意可知machine用复数形式，故答案为machines。2Worldw

8、ide, each person 15 years and older consumes 13.5 grams of pure alcohol per day, according to the World Health Organization. _1_ (consider) that nearly half of the world doesnt drink at all, that leaves the other half drinking up their share.Alcohol can have _2_ significant effect on your good looks

9、. First, it dehydrates (使脱水) you. That can leave your skin looking parched and wrinkled. Its also _3_ (link) to rosacea, a skin condition causing redness and swelling on your face.While youre drinking, your liver (肝脏) _4_ (process) a single drink, which is on average an hour but varying for everyone

10、; some of it leaves your body via your breath and sweat.Another reason _5_ drinking can affect your looks has to do with sleep. _6_ even a little bit of alcohol can help you fall asleep _7_ (rapid), as the alcohol leaves the body, you may suffer the “rebound effect”. Instead of staying asleep, the b

11、ody enters lighter sleep and wakefulness, which appears to get _8_ (bad) if one drinks more. A lack of sleep leads to dark circles, puffy eyes and stress. Keep it up and youre likely _9_ (see) more signs of aging and a much lower _10_ (satisfy) with your appearance.So the next time you head to the p

12、ub for a tipple or two, remember: You could be paying a price for all that fun.本文是一篇说明文。有人认为少量饮酒有益于健康，但是最近的研究发现，即使是少量饮酒，你也要付出一定的健康代价。1Considering解析：考查介词。句意：考虑到世界上近一半的人根本不喝酒，剩下的一半人喝光了他们的那份。considering为介词，意为“考虑到；鉴于”，故填Considering。2a解析：考查冠词。句意：酒精对你的美貌有很大的影响。have an effect表示“对有影响”，effect前有以辅音音素开头的signif

13、icant修饰，故填a。3linked解析：考查固定搭配。句意：它也与酒糟鼻有关。be linked to表示“与有关”，故填linked。4is_processing解析：考查时态。句意：当你喝酒时，你的肝脏在处理每一口酒。根据“While youre drinking”可知，主句应使用现在进行时，表示两个动作同时发生，故填is processing。5why解析：考查定语从句。句意：喝酒会影响容貌的另一个原因与睡眠有关。reason作先行词且关系词在从句中作原因状语，故填why。6Although/Though/While解析：考查状语从句。句意：即使一点点酒精能帮助你快速入睡，当酒精离开

14、你的身体时，你可能会受到反弹效应。根据句意可知主句与从句之间为让步关系，故填Although/Though/While。7rapidly解析：考查副词。句意参考上题解析，修饰动词短语fall asleep用副词，故填rapidly。8worse解析：考查形容词。句意：如果酒喝得更多，情况会变得更糟。根据本空后的“if one drinks more”可知此处应用形容词比较级，故填worse。9to_see解析：考查不定式。句意：你可能会看到更多的衰老迹象，对你外表的满意度会低很多。be likely to do sth.表示“可能做某事”，故填to see。10satisfaction解析：考

15、查名词。句意参考上题解析，根据前面的冠词a与形容词lower可知，此处应用名词，故填satisfaction。3A CCTV journalist succeeded in arousing a heated discussion among netizens by asking people whether they were happy. The responses to the question were various, even some quite funny ones _1_ (include). Although people played jokes _2_ the answ

16、ers, it did not take long _3_ they began to figure out the true meanings of happiness.It is certain that peoples views on happiness _4_ (affect) greatly by their own life experience. Unfortunately, too many people refer to being rich as happiness and there is no sign of _5_ decrease in the number of

17、 those who are voluntarily at the mercy of wealth. Some people whose _6_ (intend) is to make big money appreciate _7_ (be) given any chance to multiply their income, believing that is _8_ their happiness lies. Some are eager to inherit their parents property, especially those who are known as silver

18、spoon kids. Even worse, some would rather break the law to satisfy their financial desire or seek their fortune _9_ (legally)In my opinion, happiness is not about pursuing wealth merely but about admiring the beautiful things in life. Therefore, live your life _10_ the fullest and be happy.本文是一篇记叙文。

19、幸福不应该建立在金钱的基础上。1included解析：考查非谓语。此处include 和ones之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词形式表示被包括。故答案为included。2on解析：考查固定搭配。固定搭配：play jokes on“跟开玩笑”。故答案为on。3before解析：考查连词。考查固定句型it did not take long before.不久之后就。故答案为before。4are_affected解析：考查被动语态。peoples views和affect之间是被动关系。人们的观点受到他们经历的影响。故答案为are affected。5a解析：考查不定冠词。句意：不幸的是，太多

20、的人把富有看作是幸福，并且那些自愿接受财富摆布的人也没有减少的迹象。结合句意可知答案为a。6intention解析：考查名词。whose在定语从句中意思是“的”，后面需接名词形式，故答案为intention。7being解析：考查固定结构。动词appreciate后面跟doing作宾语，故答案为being。8where解析：考查连接词。句意：相信这就是他们幸福的所在。分析句式可知，此处是表语从句，从句中lie并不缺宾语，所以用where作状语。故答案为where。9illegally解析：考查副词。此处修饰seek their fortune需用副词形式，根据语境可知此处是非法获得财富。故答案

21、为illegally。10to解析：考查固定结构。live your life to the fullest充分享受你的生活。故答案为to。4The university of Birmingham, UK, announced that it would accept the Gaokao exam for highflying Chinese students _1_ (wish) to join its undergraduate courses in 2019. High school students _2_ complete the National Higher Educatio

22、n Entrance Examination, or Gaokao, with top grades can apply for direct entry into Birmingham degree programmes _3_ first completing a foundation year.Gaokao, which _4_ (hold) across China in early June, is _5_ (increase) accepted by universities in Australia, the USA, Canada and mainland Europe. Bi

23、rmingham will only be considering high quality students who achieve a minimum 80% Gaokao score and meet additional academic and English language _6_ (require)Professor Jon Frampton, Director of the University of Birminghams China Institute said, “I am _7_ (delight) that the university is now accepti

24、ng the Gaokao. This gives the _8_ (bright)and best Chinese students _9_ opportunity to move straight into the first year of our undergraduate programmes and experience the benefits of studying at a _10_ (globe) Top 100 university.”本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是关于中国高考的成绩被国外部分大学认可的有关事宜。1wishing解析：考查现在分词作后置定语。句意：英国伯明

25、翰大学宣布，2019年将接受中国优秀学生的高考成绩。此处是现在分词作后置定语，修饰学生，表示希望在伯明翰接受本科教育的学生，学生与希望是主动关系，所以用现在分词，故答案为wishing。2who解析：考查定语从句。句意：以优异成绩完成全国高等教育入学考试(National Higher Education Entrance Examination，简称高考)的高中生，无须先完成预科课程，就可以申请直接进入伯明翰的学位课程。此处High school students是先行词，指人，空处在后面的定语从句中作主语，故答案为who。3without解析：考查介词。句意：以优异成绩完成全国高等教育入学

26、考试(National Higher Education Entrance Examination，简称高考)的高中生，无须先完成预科课程，就可以申请直接进入伯明翰的学位课程。介词without后面跟动名词作宾语，结合句意可知答案为without。4is_held解析：考查时态和语态。句意：6月初在中国各地举行的高考，越来越多地被澳大利亚、美国、加拿大和欧洲大陆的大学所接受。此处指目前的一种客观事实，且定语从句的主语which(Gaokao)和hold之间是一种被动关系，所以句子用一般现在时态的被动语态，故答案为is held。5increasingly解析：考查词性转换。句意：6月初在中国各

27、地举行的高考，越来越多地被澳大利亚、美国、加拿大和欧洲大陆的大学所接受。此处accepted是动词，由副词来修饰，故答案为increasingly。6requirements解析：考查名词复数。句意：伯明翰只会考虑那些在高考中至少取得总分80%的高分，并满足额外的学术和英语要求的高质量学生。结合句意可知此处用名词复数，故答案为requirements。7delighted解析：考查形容词。句意：我很高兴这所大学现在接受高考。be delighted“感到高兴”，故答案为delighted。8brightest解析：考查形容词最高级。根据the和best可知此处用形容词最高级，故答案为brigh

28、test。9an解析：考查不定冠词。此处表示泛指，且opportunity以元音音素开头，故答案为an。10Global解析：考查词性转换。此处是形容词修饰名词，故答案为Global。5Inserting needles through the skin may sound scary，but acupuncture and moxibustion，two key components of _1_ (tradition)Chinese medicine (TCM)，are said to improve the patients health and wellbeing._2_ (add)t

29、o UNESCOs representative list of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity in 2010，acupuncture and moxibustion are _3_ (wide) practiced in China. Their format and practice have distinctive regional characteristics and they have a precious heritage based _4_ Chinese culture and science.The theory of C

30、hinese medicine believes the human body is a small universe with _5_ (it)own circulatory system. In this system，there are acupoints (穴位)connecting the channels. By stimulating these acupoints, the selfregulating functions of the human body can _6_ (promote). Acupuncture refers to the practice of ins

31、erting needles into the body of a patient at a certain angle and using _7_ (technique) such as twisting and lifting the needles to excite acupoints _8_ (treat)diseases. Moxibustion normally refers to placing moxa (艾) directly on acupoints or holding moxa sticks at _9_ distance to warm the body.In 19

32、95, the World Health Organization published _10_ can be treated by acupuncture and moxibustion. TCM has become more and more accepted by other countries in the world.本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中医针灸。1traditional解析：考查词性转换。此处Chinese medicine是名词，由形容词修饰，故答案为traditional。2Added解析：考查过去分词作状语。句意：在2010年被添加到联合国教科文组织的人类非物质文化

33、遗产列表之后，针灸在中国被广泛使用。此处句子主语acupuncture and moxibustion和add之间是一种被动关系，用过去分词作状语，故答案为Added。3widely解析：考查词性转换。句意：在2010年被添加到联合国教科文组织的人类非物质文化遗产列表之后，针灸在中国被广泛使用。此处practiced是动词，由副词修饰，故答案为widely。4on解析：考查固定搭配。句意：它们的形式和实践有独特的区域特征，并且它们包含着基于中国文化和科学为基础的宝贵遗产。固定搭配：be based on “以为基础”。故答案为on。5its解析：考查形容词性物主代词。此处own “自己的”与形

34、容词性物主代词连用，故答案为its。6be_promoted解析：考查被动语态。句意：通过刺激这些穴位可以提升人体的自我调节功能。此处应用被动语态，故答案为be promoted。7techniques解析：考查名词复数。句意：针灸疗法指的是在一定角度将针插入病人的身体并使用技术，如扭动和拔出针刺激穴位来治疗疾病。此处用名词复数，故答案为techniques。8to_treat解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：针灸疗法指的是在一定角度将针插入病人的身体和使用技术，如扭动和拔出针刺激穴位来治疗疾病。此处是动词不定式作目的状语，故答案为to treat。9a解析：考查固定词组。句意：艾炙通常是指将艾直接

35、放在穴位上或在一定距离内持有艾棒温暖身体。固定词组：at a distance“在远处，一定距离内”。故答案为a。10what解析：考查宾语从句。句意：1995年，世界卫生组织发表了什么病可以接受针灸治疗。此处published是动词，后面是宾语从句，从句缺少主语，能引导宾语从句，且在句子中作主语的，表示事物的只能填what，故答案为what。6China has always been famous for being a “State of Etiquettes (礼仪)”. According to _1_ (history) documents, as early as 2,600 y

36、ears ago, this nation has already established a thorough set _2_ dining etiquettes. A famous 19th century Russian writer, Anton Chekhov, once invited a Chinese man _3_ (have) a drink in a bar. Chekhov said, “Before drinking from his cup, he held _4_ with his hands and presented to me and the bar own

37、er and bar tenders, _5_ (say) qing (please)” This is the custom of China. They are not like us to finish it in one drink, _6_ prefer to drink by taking a small amount at a time. With every sip (一小口), he _7_ (eat) some food. Afterwards he handed me some Chinese coins to show _8_ (grateful). This is a

38、 rather interestingly polite nationality. This was the most valuable opinion of a Chinese person _9_ was given by a foreigner two centuries ago. Chinese traditional dinner procedures used to be long and dealt seriously with. The _10_ (important) the occasion, the more complex the procedures were.这是一

39、篇记叙文。文章通过俄国作家契诃夫与一位中国人在酒吧喝酒的故事来展示中国的餐桌礼仪。1historical解析：考查形容词。句意：根据历史文献记载，早在2600年前，中国就建立了一套完整的餐桌礼仪。此处要用形容词形式修饰名词documents，故填historical。2of解析：考查固定短语。短语a set of意为“一套”，a set of dining etiquettes 一套餐桌礼仪，故填介词of。3to_have解析：考查固定用法。句意：19世纪俄国著名作家契诃夫曾经邀请一位中国男子去酒吧喝酒。邀请某人做某事invite sb. to do sth.，故填to have。4it解析：

40、考查代词。根据上一句可知，在喝杯子里的酒之前，他举起它并向大家致敬，此处要用代词it指代cup，故填it。5saying解析：考查非谓语动词。他举起杯子的同时说“请”，此处的say要作伴随状语，故用saying。6but解析：考查连词。根据上一句“他们不像我们一口就喝完了”和下一句“更喜欢一次喝一点”可知，两句之间是转折关系，故填but。7ate解析：考查时态。根据语境文章讲述的是过去的事情，eat要用过去式，故填ate。8gratitude解析：考查名词。句意：后来他递给了我一些中国硬币以表示他的感激。此处是作show的宾语，要用名词，故填gratitude。9that解析：考查定语从句。此

41、句是定语从句，先行词是opinion，从句缺少主语，且先行词前用形容词的最高级修饰，只能用that引导，故填that。10more_important解析：考查固定用法。固定结构the形容词的比较级，the形容词的比较级的含义是“越，越”，根据后半句的the more complex可知，此处填more important。7I had always considered acupuncture oldfashioned. But the drama of my recent strange illness and recovery changed my mind _1_ (complete)

42、Last month, after sleeping through a flight, I discovered I couldnt move my right arm and fingers. The doctors diagnosed me with neural (神经的) injury. I was scared. Luckily, Richard, an acupuncturist, offered _2_ (help) me.I started my acupuncture treatment. Dozens of tiny needles _3_ (insert) across

43、 my arm and fingers. I dared not move, because even a small change of position could cause a sharp pain. After a few days, I could move my fingers. Two weeks _4_ (go) by before I could eat a meal with chopsticks. Within a month, my arm and fingers were almost back to _5_ (they) normal functions.In t

44、hat clinic, I made friends with many other patients and heard their _6_ (story). One lady, who became deaf two months ago, has recovered her hearing abilities. I was very surprised at _7_ magic these tiny needles are.Acupuncture originated in China 2,000 years ago. Essentially, it functions _8_ impr

45、oving the smooth flow of life force energy, _9_ (know) in Chinese as “qi”. Although acupuncture may not cure all illnesses, at least it creates a good starting point for a healthy body. I hope the _10_ (wise) of acupuncture will continue to bring health to more friends.本文是一篇记叙文。作者一直认为针灸过时了。但是最近奇怪的疾病

46、和康复完全改变了他的想法。作者介绍了中国的针灸。1completely解析：考查词性转换。句意：但是我最近奇怪的疾病和康复完全改变了我的想法。此处changed是动词，由副词来修饰，故答案为completely。2to_help解析：考查固定搭配。offer to do sth.“提供做某事”，由动词不定式作宾语，故答案为to help。3were_inserted解析：考查被动语态。句意：几十根小针插在我的胳膊和手指上。此处句子主语needles为复数形式，与谓语动词insert之间是一种被动关系，再根据上文中Last month，可知句子用一般过去时态的被动语态，故答案为were inse

47、rted。4had_gone解析：考查时态。句意：两个星期过去了，我才可以用筷子吃饭。结合句意可知句子用过去完成时态，故答案为had gone。5their解析：考查形容词性物主代词。句意：不到一个月，我的手臂和手指几乎恢复了正常功能。此处用形容词性物主代词修饰名词，故答案为their。6stories解析：考查名词复数。句意：在那个诊所里，我和许多其他病人交朋友，听他们的故事。结合句意可知此处用名词复数，故答案为stories。7how解析：考查宾语从句。句意：我对这些小针的魔力感到非常惊讶。此处是how引导的宾语从句，故答案为how。8by解析：考查介词。句意：本质上，它是通过改善生命力量

48、能量的平稳流动起作用，在中国被称为“气”。by doing sth.“通过做某事”，故答案为by。9known解析：考查过去分词作后置定语。句意：本质上，它通过改善生命力量能量的平稳流动起作用，在中国被称为“气”。此处the smooth flow of life force energy，和know之间是一种被动关系，这里是过去分词作后置定语，故答案为known。10wisdom解析：考查名词。句意：我希望针灸的智慧能继续为更多的朋友带来健康。根据the可知此处用名词形式，故答案为wisdom。8Most people nowadays are so busy with their live

49、s that they do not have time to enjoy a healthy and _1_ (balance) diet. For most individuals, as _2_ result of eating foods rich in fats and sugar several years, they choose to go on a diet but do not succeed at the end. Be sure to be with a strong _3_ (aware) that you are _4_ you eat! Therefore, ma

50、intaining a healthy diet not only _5_ (provide) your body with energy but also numerous health benefits. One is that you will keep a healthy weight and is also the easiest and most _6_ (benefit) way in which you can be energetic and protect yourself _7_ a number of diseases when growing old. Another

51、 benefit is that you will meet your everyday nutritional _8_ (require). _9_ (Basic) speaking, you should ensure that you take the good amount of vegetables, grains, milk and proteins. In most cases, a healthy diet can help you decrease the risk of _10_ (get) some diseases like diabetes and cancer.这是

52、一篇健康类的文章，饮食可以反映出一个人的性格和生活习惯，保持健康的体重让身体充满活力，同时带来许多益处。1balanced解析：形容词修饰名词，balance的形容词形式是balanced。2a解析：as a result of 为固定搭配，由于的结果。3awareness解析：形容词修饰名词，故用aware的名词形式awareness。4what解析：You are what you eat.饮食可以反映出一个人的性格和生活习惯。5provides解析：maintaining a healthy diet为动名词作主语，动词用第三人称单数形式。6beneficial解析：形容词修饰名词。beneficial为形容词，意为“有益处的”。7from/against解析：protect.from/against：保护以免。8requirement(s)解析：形容词修饰名词。requirement为名词，意为“要求”。9Basically解析：固定搭配basically speaking：从根本上讲。10getting解析：介词of后动词用动名词形式。