2020-2021学年新教材高中英语 课时作业3 Unit 1 People of Achievement Discover Useful Structures（含解析）新人教版选择性必修第一册.doc

1、Unit 1 People of Achievement.阅读理解The search engine Google celebrated on Thursday the 110th birthday of the first Native American woman engineer.Google honored Mary Ross with a special Google Doodle on its homepage.Ross was born on August 9,1908，in the state of Oklahoma.She was the greatgranddaughter

2、 of John Ross，the longestserving chief of the Cherokee Nation.Her work is considered important to the early stages of the age of space travel.Ross showed special abilities in math and science from an early age.As a student，she developed an interest in aviation，or the practice of flying aircraft.She

3、went on to earn a masters degree in mathematics from Colorado State Teachers College，now called the University of Northern Colorado.During World War II，Ross began working for the Lockheed Aircraft Corporation as a mathematician.She earned a special certification in the field from the University of C

4、alifornia in 1949.Ross was later chosen to join Lockheeds topsecret Skunk Works team that worked on aircraft designs.The name refers to a group that is permitted to work independently on advanced projects.She was the only female engineer among the teams 40 members.Early on，she researched defense sys

5、tems.By the late 1950s，her work centered on satellites and a series of space rockets called Agenda.The rockets were extremely important in the 1960s during the Apollo moon program.Ross also helped develop early design ideas for space travel between planets，including flyby space flights to study Venu

6、s and Mrs Ross retired from Lockheed in 1973.But she continued to give talks at high schools and colleges to encourage more women and Native Americans to study engineering.She died in 2008，a few months before her 100th birthday.Many celebrated Ross life on social media.Twitter user Aaron Perez，for e

7、xample，wrote：“Mary Ross was an engineer who pioneered in the field of satellites.I never would have known if it wasnt for the doodle.Women engineers deserve more recognition.”00本文为说明文。谷歌搜索引擎在周四庆祝了美国第一位原住民女工程师诞辰110周年。谷歌在其主页上为玛丽罗斯(Mary Ross)做了一个特殊的谷歌徽标涂鸦。1Why did Google celebrate Mary Ross 110th birth

8、day?AShe invented a new flying aircraft. BShe had been a great designer ever.CShe contributed a lot to space travel. DShe got a masters degree in mathematics.答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的Her work is considered important to the early stages of the age of space travel.(她的工作被认为对太空旅行时代的早期阶段至关重要)可知，谷歌庆祝玛丽罗斯110岁生日

9、，因为她为太空旅行做出了很多贡献。故C选项正确。2What did Mary Ross do in the middle of the 20th century?AShe worked on Agenda. BShe gave talks at high schools.CShe helped women study engineering. DShe planned the Apollo moon program.答案：A解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的By the late 1950s，her work centered on satellites and a series of sp

10、ace rockets called Agenda.(20世纪50年代后期，她的工作集中于卫星以及一系列被称为Agenda项目的太空火箭上)可知，在20世纪中期，玛丽罗斯致力于Agenda项目。故A选项正确。3Which of the following can best describe Mary Ross?ACaring and cautious. BTalented and creative.CGenerous and patient. DCourageous and optimistic.答案：B解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的Ross showed special abilities

11、 in math and science from an early age.(罗斯从小就在数学和科学方面展现出特殊能力)及下文对玛丽罗斯所取得的成就的介绍可知，玛丽罗斯是一位有才华和创造力的杰出工程师。故B选项正确。4.What can be inferred from the last paragraph?ASocial media is very popular in the world.BEvery Twitter user thinks highly of Mary Ross.CMore attention should be paid to women engineers.DMan

12、 has made greater progress in space technology.答案：C解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的I never would have known if it wasnt for the doodle.Women engineers deserve more recognition.(如果不是谷歌徽标涂鸦，我永远不会知道这些。女性工程师应该得到更大认可)可推知，我们应该更多地关注女工程师。故C选项正确。.七选五Four Habits to Help You SucceedNobody would like to experience failure. We

13、 all want to succeed. For those who have tried and failed, success seems difficult to understand. _1_Know your values.Finding your values is in line with creating motivation._2_Pick a handful of things and write them down. Remind yourself of your values every day and reflect on whether you are honor

14、ing those values through your work._3_Choose one goal to start something large enough that will give you a sense of achievement, while adjusting well to your values. If you want to achieve your goal, focus is the key here._4_If you perform many tasks at a time, you might never finish your projects b

15、ecause they will take far too long. Set a time for success.Set a date for success. Know when you hope to realize your goal._5_By setting a time limit, you are making the process realistic.Dont give up because of failure.Failure cant be avoided when you take risks. By its very definition, the desire

16、to succeed means you are risking failure. Many people tend to give up far too early. Dont fall into this trap! Use failure. Treat it as a good thing, and go on.AMake the right decision.BPick a goal and focus on it .CThe more focused you are on one goal, the higher chance you have of success.DKeep it

17、 realistic, while not giving yourself too much time.EI have made a list of four habits to help you set goals and realize them.FSit and reflect on what you value most.GPush yourself to be courageous, and take that next step.本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四个习惯可以帮助你取得成功。1E解析：上文提示“对于那些尝试过又失败的人来说，成功似乎是难以理解的。”再根据下文设定的目标，承

18、接上下文，E项I have made a list of four habits to help you set goals and realize them.(我列出了四个习惯来帮助你设定目标并实现它们。)切题。该选项引出下文内容，故选E。2F解析：本段标题是Know your values.(知道你的价值观。)再根据上文提示“发现你的价值与创造动机是一致的。”承接上文与标题，F项Sit and reflect on what you value most.(坐下来思考一下你最看重什么。)切题。关键词value。故选F。3B解析：此空是小标题，用短小精悍的祈使句，应该在A、B、F、G中选择。

19、再根据本段第一句“选择一个目标，开始做一些足够大，让你有成就感，同时很好地符合你的价值观的事情。”由此可知，B项Pick a goal and focus on it.(选择一个目标并专注于它。)切题。故选B。4C解析：上文提示“如果你想实现你的目标，专注是关键。”承接上文，C项The more focused you are on one goal, the higher chance you have of success.(你越专注于一个目标，你成功的机会就越大。)切题。关键词focus。故选C。5D解析：下文提示“通过设定一个时间限制，你正在使这个过程变成现实。”承接下文，D项 Kee

20、p it realistic, while not giving yourself too much time.(不要给自己太多的时间，保持现实。)切题。关键词realistic。故选D。.语法填空Tea is one of the _1_(much) popular drinks in the world. You make it by pouring hot water over the dried leaves of a tea plant. For _2_(hundred) of years people believed that tea could cure illnesses,

21、and they used _3_ as medicine. Today scientists know that tea contains chemicals that prevent cells from dying. Most teas have caffeine in them, _4_ makes you feel more active. Some people have problems _5_(drink) tea because it can cause sleeplessness. The tea plant _6_ (grow) best in tropical and

22、temperate places where rain falls throughout the year. Teas can be grown from sea level _7_ about 2,000 metres, but the best quality grows in higher regions. Tea comes from the leaves and buds of tea plants. Wild plants can be up to 9 metres high but on tea plantations，_8_ (pull) the leaves _9_ (eas

23、y), people cut them back to a bush of about a metre in height. It takes a plant three to five years before it is ready for picking.A picker can harvest about 20 kg of tea a day. On large tea plantations the leaves are harvested by machines, but the quality of tea is _10_(high) when the leaves are pi

24、cked by hand.茶是世界上最流行的饮品之一。它主要种植在热带和温带全年降雨的地方，海拔高度大约二千米以下。茶树可以长到高达九米，但为了采摘方便，人们时常把它修剪到一米左右的高度，茶树种植三五年之后便可采摘了。1most解析：考查形容词最高级。one of形容词最高级名词复数意为最之一，popular是多音节形容词，其最高级在其前加most。2hundreds解析：考查固定搭配。hundreds of数以百计的，hundred前无数词，用复数形式。故填hundreds。3it解析：考查代词。it指代前文提到的tea。故填it。4which解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知这是一个定语

25、从句，先行词caffeine在从句中作主语，用关系代词which。5drinking解析：考查动名词。have a problem doing意为“做不容易，做有困难”，是固定搭配。故填drinking。6grows解析：考查动词时态。因指的是一般事实，且主语是the tea plant，故要用一般现在时的单数形式。故填grows。7to解析：考查介词词组。from.to.意为“从到”，是固定搭配。故填to。8to_pull解析：考查动词不定式。此处动词不定式表示目的，作目的状语。故填to pull。9easily解析：考查副词。pull是动词，要用副词修饰。故填easily。10higher解析：考查比较级。by hand和by machine作比较，所以用比较级。故填higher。