2020-2021学年高一英语寒假提升天天练之语法 Day 9 不定式（含解析）.doc

1、不定式1. Im looking for a house which is big enough _ all the children.A. to hold B. to have heldC. to be held D. to holding【答案解析】 A【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我正在找一个足够大的房子，可以住得下所有的孩子。enough to do是固定用法，to为动词不定式。当hold的意思为容纳时，其主语为物，用主动态。该句中hold的逻辑主语为a house，指物，所以用其主动态，非谓语动词的动作发生在谓语动词的动作之后，要用动词不定式的一般式。故选A。2. All the p

2、olice went out _ the missing boy.A. searching B. in search forC. search for D. to search for【答案解析】 D【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：所有的警察都出去寻找那个失踪的男孩。分析句子结构可知，此处应用不定式作状语，表目的，动词search 后跟指人的名词作宾语时，需加介词for构成固定结构，故选D。3. With a lot of difficult problems _, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.A. settled B. s

3、ettlingC. to settle D. being settled【答案解析】 C【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于许多困难的问题要解决，新当选的总统日子很不好过。动词不定式to settle作定语表示现在或将来要解决的难题；过去分词settled作定语表示已经解决的难题；现在分词的被动式being settled作定语表示正在被解决的难题。所提供的语境the newly-elected president is having a hard time说明新任总统现在和将来都有难以解决的问题，所以要用to settle作定语。故选C项。【点睛】with结构是许多英语复合结构中最常用的一种。

4、学好它对学好复合宾语结构、不定式复合结构、动名词复合结构和独立主格结构均能起很重要的作用。with结构：with + 宾语（名词或代词）+ 宾补（介词短语，形容词，副词现在分词，过去分词，不定式）,是一个独立主格结构，在句中做状语，可表原因，伴随等。The teacher came in with a book in his hand.老师手里拿着一本书进来了。With a lot of work to do, I have no time go out with you.(不定 式表将来动作)有许多工作要做，我没时间和你一起出去。We found the house easily with

5、the little boy leading the way.(现在分词表示主动动作，即分词所表示的动作是由with后的宾语发出来的)With all the things she needed bought, she went home happily.(过去分词表示被动，with后面的宾语与过去分词之间是被动关系)4. Every minute is made full use of _ our lessons before the exam.A. studying B. being studied C. to study D. to be studying【答案解析】 C【详解】考查动词

6、不定式表示目的。句意：考试前每一分钟都被充分利用来学习功课。根据句子语境判断“Every minute is made full use of（每一分钟都被充分利用）的目的是study our lessons（学习功课），所以需要的是表示目的动词不定式。故选C。5. In those days my family didnt have enough room _.A. to live B. living in C. to live in D. living【答案解析】 C【详解】考查不定式作定语。句意：那时候我家没有足够的地方住。enough修饰的名词后接不定式作定语，to live in不定

7、式作定语修饰room，表示“没有足够的房间住”，且room作live的逻辑宾语，live是不及物动词，接宾语需加介词in。综上所述。故选C项。6. Dont forget _ the letter for me when you pass by the post office.A. post B. to post C. posted D. posting【答案解析】 B【详解】考查不定式作宾语。句意：你经过邮局时别忘了替我寄这封信。forget to do sth意为“不要忘记去做某事”，表示事情未做；forget doing sth.意为“忘记做过某事”，表示事情已发生，根据语境，是强调不要

8、忘记，故选B项。7. They havent decided when _ for Shanghai.A. to be leaving B. to leave C. leaving D. leave【答案解析】 B【详解】考查疑问词+不定式作宾语。句意：他们还没有决定什么时候动身去上海。decide后接“疑问词+不定式”作宾语，when to do意为“什么时候去做”。故选B项。8. I told you _ that car, and now look and see what has happened.A. not buy B. not to buy C. dont buy D. not

9、buying【答案解析】 B【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我告诉过你不要买那辆车，现在你看发生了什么事情。分析句子，tell sb not to do sth 译为“告诉某人不要做某事”，是固定搭配。故选B项。9. _the early flight, we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early.A. Catching B. CaughtC. To catch D. Catch【答案解析】 C【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了赶上早班的飞机，我们提前叫了出租车并且起得很早。这里逻辑主语是we，空中用不定式作目的状语，表示提前交出租车并且

10、早起的目的。故选C。【名师点睛】此题应抓住逻辑主语与从句的关系，然后从句意中看出句子中缺少的成份，可以知道这里用不定式做目的状语，意思是“为了”，学生需要注意非谓语动词中现在分词、过去分词、不定式和各种动词在句子中做的成份，才可以做好此类题。10. William, one of the first man _ the depths of the sea in a bathysphere, got interested in oceanography because of one book.A. exploring B. having explored C. to explore D. to

11、be explored【答案解析】 C【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：William是第一个在深海探索海洋深处的人之一，因为一本书而对海洋学产生了兴趣。名词man由序数词the first修饰，后跟不定式做后置定语，the first man to do sth.表示“第一个做某事的人”。故选C。【点睛】用不定式作定语的几种情况：不定式表将来：I borrowed some books to read during my holiday.用来修饰被序数词、最高级或no, all, any 等限定的中心词。如：He was the best man to do the job.He was alw

12、ays the first to come and the last to leave.She was the first woman to win the gold medal in the Olympic Games.Women and children were the first to get into the lifeboats.用来修饰的词是抽象名词时，常见的有：ability, chance, idea, fact, excuse, promise, answer, reply, attempt, belief, way, reason, moment, time 等。如：Do

13、you have the ability to read and write English ?I have a chance to go sight-seeing.11. Yesterday I went to see him, _ that he had gone for Beijing.A. only to learn B. to learn only C. only learned D. learning only【答案解析】 A【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：昨天我去看他，却获悉他两天前已经去了北京。only to一般指随后立刻发生的事，表示“结果却，不料”，一般指失望、惊讶、不幸等等

14、。根据语境可知，此处表示意料之外的结果。故选A。12. Helen had to shout _ above the sound of the music.A. making herself hear B. to make herself hearC. making herself heard D. to make herself heard【答案解析】 D【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：Helen不得不大声呼喊以盖过音乐的声音使自己被听到。分析句子结构及句意可知，此处使用不定式做目的状语，同时此处是make的复合结构，宾语herself和宾语补足语hear之间为动宾关系，故用过去分词表被动。故

15、选D。13. There are still 30 minutes _, so we _ hurry with lunch.A. goingneednt B. to leavedont needC. leavingneednt to D. to goneednt【答案解析】 D【详解】考查非谓语动词和情态动词。句意：仍然剩下三十分钟了，所以我们不必匆忙吃午饭。to go是不定式做定语，修饰minutes，表示剩下的30分钟，此时to go可与left互换；而neednt是情态动词，后直接加动词原形；而dont need中的need是实意动词，是dont need to do sth.故选D。1

16、4. Weve had a good start, but next, more work needs _to achieve the final success.A. being done B. do C. to be done D. to do【答案解析】 C【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们有一个好的开端，但是下一步需要做更多的工作达到最后的目标。分析句子可知，主语work与do是被动关系，故排除B、D项；need doing或need to be done都表示：需要被做 ，故A项错误，故选D。15. _ satisfying grades in the final test, eve

17、ryone has been working hard day and night.A. Getting B. Got C. To get D. To be got【答案解析】 C【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了在期末考试中取得满意的成绩，每个人都夜以继日地努力学习。结合句意可知，这里用不定式作目的状语。逻辑主语everyone与get之间为主动关系，所以用不定式的主动形式。故选C。16. That is the only way we can imagine _ the overuse of water in students bathrooms.A. reducing B. to red

18、uceC. reduced D. reduce【答案解析】 B【详解】句意：这是唯一一个我们能想到的减少学生宿舍过渡用水的方法。we can imagine做的是the only way的定语，去掉之后就变成了That is the only way _the overuse of water in students bathrooms.由此可知后面的选项部分做了the only way定语，解释抽象名词应用to do的形式，故答案为B。17. Meyer and his team were the first people _ how the disease spreads from ani

19、mals to human.A. showing B. showC. to show D. shown【答案解析】 C【详解】句意：Meyer和他的团队第一个证明了这种疾病是如何由动物传播给人类的。the first后面用不等式作后置定语，不等式作定语时，通常与被修饰名词构成主动或被动关系，本题表示主动，故选C。18. _ the coming talent competition, he has spent all his free time making preparation.A. Win B. Winning C. Having won D. To win【答案解析】 D【详解】考查非

20、谓语动词。句意：为了赢得即将到来的才艺比赛，他把所有的空闲时间都花在了准备上。To do 结构表示目的。19. He claimed _ in the supermarket when he was doing shopping yesterday.A. being badly treated B. to be treated badlyC. treating badly D. to have been treated badly【答案解析】 D【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他声称他昨天购物时在超市受到了恶劣地对待。此处是短语claim to have done sth.“声称做过某事”，又逻辑主语he和treat之间是被动关系，故应用to have done的被动式to have been done，故选D项。20. The young lady prefers dressing up for a party to_by others.A. be noticed B. being noticedC. having been noticed D. have been noticed【答案解析】 A【详解】考查不定式。句意：为了被其他人注意到，这些年轻女孩喜欢盛装出席聚会。根据句意可知，此处是被动，本句中不定式to be noticed by others做目的状语。故选A