2020-2021学年高中英语 单元素养提升（四）Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars（含解析）新人教版必修3.doc

1、单元素养提升(四) Unit 4. 单句语法填空1. This is one of the reasons why operators love those systems(system). 2. Upon listening to the abrupt news, his heart is beating(beat) violently in her breast. 3. Frequent exposing to bad air can harmfully(harm) influence ones well-being. 4. Do you really believe in the exi

2、stence(exist) of god, which is believed by many people? 5. Prevention(prevent) of health-risky behaviors among the youngsters should be paid more attention to. 6. I tried to puzzle(puzzle) the matter out, but as you know, all is in vain eventually. 7. He succeeded in pulling(pull) through the illnes

3、s, which is beyond the imagination of all people. 8. His word was received with loud cheers(cheer), while the next candidate was on the opposite. 9. The plane was carrying 250 passengers when it crashed(crash). 10. The astonishing(astonish) fact is that some eggs are laid upon his pillow. . 选词填空bill

4、ions of, cheer up, now that, watch out for, lay down, break out, prevent sb. from, block out, amounts of, give birth to1. There is so much cloud, which almost blocks out the sky. 2. I had intended to call on you, but something prevented me from doing so. 3. The sun has been emitting energy at this r

5、ate for billions of years. 4. Watch out for harmful behaviors and deal with them the moment they crop up. 5. All TV stations specialize in time wasting, which is a fact that amounts of audience know. 6. In the end, the enemy were urged to lay down their arms. 7. Uncle said loudly, “Now that you are

6、here, youd better stay. ”8. Although quite small, this town gave birth to many great men. 9. Try and cheer up a bit, young man, and life isnt that bad. 10. War broke out again, pulling the people into misery and suffering. . 根据汉语提示完成句子1. This painting is splendid, but what we actually need(我们真正需要的)i

7、s a different matter. 2. Whether you like it or not(不管你是否喜欢它), youll have to give up smoking. 3. They dont allow smoking here(他们不允许在这里抽烟). That is to say, we are not allowed to smoke here. 4. All these gifts must be mailed immediately so as to be received in time for Christmas(在圣诞节到来的时候). 5. The way

8、 he did it was different from what we were used to(与我们过去常常使用的方式不同). 6. All that happened(所有发生的事情)made it possible for China to succeed in carrying on the reform and opening-up policy. 7. Because of(因为)what you said, he got very angry. 8. People will be encouraged to eat healthy food, not to smoke an

9、d to drink less beer and liquor(不要抽烟, 且少喝啤酒和烈酒). 9. The teacher as well as a number of students was asked to attend the party(被要求去参加这个派对) yesterday. 10. We need to improve the appearance of our new products. (我们的新产品的外观). . 阅读理解AWhen I grow upIn kindergarten, my class was asked to draw pictures, show

10、ing what we wanted to be when we grew up. Our drawings were expected to display our dream occupations. I remember pictures of ballerinas dancing, firefighters putting out a blaze, and astronauts leaping across the moon. My picture showed a figure with brown hair holding a box of orange juice beside

11、a counter. Underneath was my handwriting: “When I grow up, I want to work at Market Basket because it would be fun to swipe (刷) orange juice across the scanner. ” Out of everything, my five-year-old self wished to work at the local grocery store. When we are young, questions of what we want to be wh

12、en we grow up are common. Yet we are not expected to respond with an answer that is likely to come true. However, when we become teens, we are asked the very same questions twice as often. The difference is that now we are supposed to answer with confidence. Teens are expected to know exactly what w

13、e want to be and how we will achieve that goal. However, not all of us can be so sure. Even though I am in high school, I cannot answer with certainty. But I dont consider that a bad thing. How am I supposed to know what I will want to spend my time doing at age 40? When I think about the future, I

14、definitely dont see myself working at Market Basket, but in reality, if that was what would make me happy, I would do it. So, the next time someone asks me what I want to be when I grow up, I will simply say “happy”. Happiness is a destination for everyone. We may want to walk different paths in lif

15、e, but we all want to be happy wherever we end up. Choose your path, but dont worry too much about choosing wisely. Make a mistake or two and try new things. But always remember, if youre not happy, youre not at the end of your journey yet. 【文章大意】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者在儿时想做一名收银员, 但就未来讲, 作者并不希望自己就真的在Market Bas

16、ket工作, 而是想要简单的快乐。1. What did the author want to be when he was in kindergarten? A. An astronaut. B. A firefighter. C. A dancer. D. A cashier. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第二段的When I grow up, I want to work at Market Basket because it would be fun to swipe orange juice across the scanner. 长大后, 作者想在Market Basket工作,

17、 因为在扫描仪上刷橙汁会很有趣。可知, 当作者还在幼儿园时想成为一个收银员。2. We can learn from the passage that _. A. kindergartners are able to find out their dream jobs with confidenceB. kindergartners have limited imagination of their dream occupationsC. teenagers are supposed to be clear about what they want to beD. teenagers stic

18、k to the path they chose when they were young【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第三段的However, when we become teens, we are asked the very same questions twice as often. The difference is that now we are supposed to answer with confidence. 可知作为青少年应该充满自信地回答自己想达到的目标, 从而推断出青少年应该清楚自己想成为什么样的人。3. The author would probably agre

19、e that _. A. the principle of growth lies in human choiceB. happiness is the meaning of existenceC. it is never too late to correct mistakesD. your future depends on your dreams【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据最后一段的Happiness is a destination for everyone. We may want to walk different paths in life, but we all want t

20、o be happy wherever we end up. (幸福是每个人的归宿。我们可能想在生活中走不同的路, 但无论走到哪里, 我们都想快乐。)可推知作者会赞同“幸福是存在的意义”这个说法。4. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. Different stages of life. B. Career guidance. C. The real goal of life. D. Career paths. 【解析】选C。主旨大意题。通读全文可知, 作者在儿时想做一名收银员, 但就未来讲作者并不希望自己就真的在Market Basket工

21、作, 而是想要简单的快乐, 故本文主要讲的是“生活中真正的目标”。BWalk through the Amazon rainforest today and you will find it steamy, warm, damp and thick. But if you had been there around 15, 000 years ago, during the last ice age, would it have been the same? For more than 30 years, scientists have been arguing about how rainf

22、orests might have reacted to the cold, dry climate of the ice ages, but till now, no one has reached a satisfying answer. Rainforests like the Amazon are important for mopping up CO2 from the atmosphere and helping to reduce global warming. Currently the trees in the Amazon take in around 500 millio

23、n tons of CO2 each year: equal to the total amount of CO2 given off in the UK each year. But how will the Amazon react to the future climate change? If it gets drier, will it survive and continue to draw down CO2? Scientists hope that they will be able to learn in advance how the rainforest will man

24、age in the future by understanding how rainforests reacted to climate change in the past. Unfortunately, collecting information is incredibly difficult. To study the past climate, scientists need to look at fossilized pollen (花粉) kept in lake mud. Going back to the last ice age means drilling deep d

25、own into lake sediments (沉淀物), which requires specialized equipment and heavy machinery. There are very few roads and paths, or places to land helicopters and aeroplanes. Rivers tend to be the easiest way to enter the forest, but this still leaves vast areas between the rivers completely unsampled (

26、未取样). So far, only a handful of cores have been drilled that go back to the last ice age and none of them provide enough information to prove how the Amazon rainforest reacts to climate change. 【文章大意】本文是一篇科普文。文章主要介绍了科学家是如何在亚马孙热带雨林工作的, 以揭开亚马孙热带雨林的神秘之处。5. How do scientists study the past climate chang

27、e? A. By predicting the climate change in the future. B. By drilling deep down into land sediments. C. By taking samples from rivers in the Amazon. D. By analyzing fossilized pollen in lake mud. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据文中第三段 To study the past climate, scientists need to look at fossilized pollen kept in lake

28、 mud. 为了研究过去的气候, 科学家需要看保存在湖泥中的花粉化石。6. What is needed for drilling down into lake sediments? A. The latest helicopter. B. The special equipment. C. The light machinery. D. The narrow path. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据文中的第三段 Going back to the last ice age means drilling deep down into lake sediments, which require

29、s specialized equipment and heavy machinery. 回到上一个冰河时代意味着要向下钻到湖泊沉淀物, 这需要专门的设备和重型机械。C 选项错在 light。7. What is the purpose of writing the passage? A. To attract more peoples attention to CO2. B. To call on people to protect rainforests. C. To inform people of how scientists work on rainforests. D. To wa

30、rn people to stay away from the danger of rainforests. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。这是一篇科普文, 通常写作目的是提供信息。A 选项是吸引更多人对二氧化碳的注意, 和文章无关; B 选项是号召人们保护雨林, 此文不是强调保护雨林; D 选项是警告人们远离雨林的危险, 文章没有讲到雨林的危险。8. The best title for the text may be_. A. Mystery of the RainforestB. Climates of the AmazonC. The History of the RainforestD.

31、 Changes of the Rainforest【解析】选A。主旨大意题。根据第一段 But if you had been there around 15, 000 years ago, during the last ice age, would it have been the same? For more than 30 years, scientists have been arguing about how rainforests might have reacted to the cold, dry climate of the ice ages, but till now,

32、 no one has reached a satisfying answer. 可知人们对于雨林怎样应对变化的天气一直没有找到满意的答案, 第二、三段讲述的是科学家采用不同的方法去检测, 但是没有结果。所以标题为雨林的奥秘是最恰当的。B、C、D 选项都仅仅是文章提到的部分信息。. 语法填空I was in trouble in overcoming my addiction to alcohol, and 1. _was my friend Mike. We never met each other until we came 2. _in the same treatment facili

33、ty. Then we 3. _(be) out of the treatment center for about a year and returned to our life. Finally we became inseparable friends like brothers. There was never a time 4. _I called him and he did not call me right back within a couple of 5. _(hour). We valued every chance we have to keep 6. _(we) bo

34、th on the right track. One day, I called Mike but he wasnt in. As usual, I had to leave a message, fully 7. _(expect) to hear from him later that evening or the next day. But I had not heard from him for nearly two days, and I became very 8. _(anxiety). On the third day, I received a message from Mi

35、kes wife that she said Mike had been killed in 9. _unexplained truck crash on the morning of my call. I attended my friends funeral, and even though I could 10. _(hard) walk, I helped carry my friend to his final resting place. Mike is still here too, in my heart and my soul. 1. 【解析】so。考查倒装句。根据语境可知,

36、 此处表示“我在戒酒瘾上有困难, 我的朋友迈克也是如此”。“so+助动词/情态动词/系动词+主语”表示“也是如此”。2. 【解析】across。考查固定短语。come across偶然遇见。3. 【解析】were。考查时态。根据and后面的并列谓语“returned”可知, 应用一般过去时。此题容易受到时间状语“for about a year”的影响而误填had been。4. 【解析】when。考查句型。There was never a time when. . . 从来没有一段时间。5. 【解析】hours。考查名词的数。a couple of后要接名词的复数形式。6. 【解析】us。

37、考查代词。“我们珍惜我们拥有的每次机会, 以保持我们俩在正确的人生轨道上”。题空处作keep 的宾语, 后面还有both, 所以用us。7. 【解析】expecting。考查现在分词。“和以往一样, 我只得留言, 满心希望他会在那天晚上晚些时候或是第二天给我回信”, 此处应用现在分词作伴随状语。8. 【解析】anxious。考查词性转换。但是将近两天没有得到他的消息, “我”变得非常焦急。此处应用所给名词的形容词形式。9. 【解析】an。考查冠词。迈克的妻子告诉“我”迈克在“我”打电话给他的那天早晨死于一场原因不明的卡车撞车事故。此处应用不定冠词泛指“一场”, unexplained的读音以元

38、音音素开头, 故用an。10. 【解析】hardly。考查副词。“我”出席了朋友的葬礼, 即使“我”(由于悲痛)几乎难以行走, “我”还是帮着把他送到安息之处。hardly几乎不。. 书面表达假定你是李华, 你所在的福州国际学校要征集一封英文感谢信, 致意奋战在抗击新型冠状病毒肺炎第一线的医护人员, 请你根据下列要点写一封信用于投稿。1. 表达谢意; 2. 个人感受; 3. 表达信心。注意: 1. 词数100个左右; 2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。参考词汇: 流行病epidemic疫情 epidemic situation新型冠状病毒肺炎 COVID-19_【参考范文】Dear Me

39、dical workers, I am Li Hua, a student from an international school in Fuzhou. On behalf of my school, I would like to express sincere gratitude to you all for your devotion and sacrifice in the battle against COVID-19. In this epidemic, it is you who, regardless of the shortage of equipment and the

40、potential of infection, desperately rescue those infected but struggling for life. It is also you who have shed new light on the virus with expertise to build up our confidence to defeat it. It is you who deserve all admiration and love! Such few words cant fully convey our thankfulness for your irreplaceable contribution. I believe with our joint efforts China will win the battle and make a quick recovery. Good luck and stay well! Yours sincerely, Li Hua