2021届高考英语二轮复习书面表达学案：英语写作中抽象名词的运用 WORD版含答案.docx

1、高中英语新高考-英语作文：英语写作中抽象名词的运用命题人说，好作文在于好句子。这给我一个疑惑：作文到底是重形式还是重内容。昨天和汪少华教授闲聊，他说肯定要重内容，但这不是形式和内容之争，因为形式也是内容。你要把一个句子写好，必然要丰富很多内容，形式展开的过程也是内容的充实过程。这个逻辑很不错，下面我就命题人提到的作文好句子的五个标准最后一个：关注抽象名词来谈谈。说起抽象名词，下面请看一个例子：请翻译：如果我们看电视太多，这会会影响学习。正常是：If we watch too much TV, it will affect our study.进阶一下：If we are exposed to

2、too much TV, it will affect our study.再进阶：Being exposed to too much TV will affect our study.以上似乎已经够了，其实不然：Heavy exposure to TV will affect our study.这个句子就很耐看了。记住：英语是重名词的语言，尤其是抽象名词。因为英语重视物质的属性，这是希腊文化的传统。为了让大家更好理解，下面我总结了一下，但我要强调的是：写作到了考虑抽象名词的层次，那平时作文应该从不少于18分了，否则要慎用！【例句】1. Heavy exposure to TV will a

3、ffect ones study.看电视太多会影响学习。2. Advertising campaigns have, however, promoted a growing realization of the advantages of these small plastic cards.然而广告公司大做广告，让越来越多的人相信这种小塑料卡的好处.3. Reluctance to retire was associated with anticipated deprivations, mainly of money rather than of attachment to work.人们不愿

4、退休与他们预想中将要失去很多东西有关，其中主要是失去赚钱的机会，而不是丧失对工作的依恋之情。4. A five-day week has found an immediate welcome and much popularity ever since.五天工作制立即受到了人们的待遇欢迎和拥护。【规律】不同位置的抽象名词运用规律主语位置：the absence of, the abundance of, the acceptance of, the analysis of, the anticipation of, the arrival of, the invention of, the a

5、wareness of, his concern of, the criticism of, the demand, his eagerness, the examination of, his explanation of, the exploration of, his praise of, the failure of, the growth of, the investigation of, the increase of, the knowledge of, his obsession with, the pursuit of, his reaction to, a search o

6、f, her selection of, the support of, his willingness to宾语位置：cause the loss of, encourage the participation, escape criticism, acknowledge the failure/the truth, anticipate the progress, demand the permission, question the validity, accelerate the growth of, applaud the decision, experience the chang

7、e, undergo the examination, safeguard the freedom of, prove his innocence/ignorance, recognize the seriousness of, lack flexibility, realize the importance of, question the wisdom of, have an understanding/appreciation of, give thought to, gain an insight into, earn the respect/reputation of, show i

8、ndifference/willingness介词位置：with reluctance/enthusiasmin spite of/despite indifference/resistance/advanceunder consideration/discussion/the leadership ofbeyond belief/hopebecause of the ignorance/confusion of/failure ofdue to/owing to the failure/demand for/shortage of/lack of摘选若干个常用抽象名词的句式（共47个）：2.

9、 Awake/wake: awaken sb. (wake up) to the importance/need/menaceThe experience acquired and the lesson learned in this line can awaken us students to the necessity of handling problems on a human basis.在这方面得到的经验和汲取的教训能使我们学生意识到处理人际关系问题的重要性。But sometime in the past year, some women woke up to the possi

10、bility that what they had taken for granted could also be taken away.但在去年某个时候，一些妇女醒悟到了存在这样的可能性，即她们认为理所当然地享有的东西也可能被夺走。3. because of the use/refusal/shortageBecause of the increasing use of cars, public transportation has been allowed to wither.由于越来越多的人使用小汽车，因此公共交通日渐萎缩。4. cause concern/harmFew problem

11、s on the American scene cause so much concern and widespread public interest as does the problem of youthful misbehavior.在美国很少有像年轻人过失且能引起公众的关心和兴趣的问题。5. come about: awareness/advance/change come about (take place)I think that this growing awareness has come about in part because of the realization th

12、at our resources are not limitless.我认为人们越来越意识到这一点的部分原因是.他们认识到我们的能源是有限的。6. contribute to the understanding/solution/growthThis study is notable for its contribution to the understanding of genetic disease.这项研究令人注意的是它有助于了解遗传性疾病。7. earn (cost / win) respect / admiration / friendship / affectionSensitiv

13、e people have been mirroring their friends and acquaintances all their lives, and winning affection and respect in this way.敏感的人始终能够在他们的生活中模仿他们的朋友，以此赢得爱戴和尊敬。He was aware that years of pursuit in this field cost him too much freedom and personal happiness, but he never minded.他意识到由于在这个领域里的多年追求，使他失去了太多的自由和个人的幸福，但是他不在乎。