天津静海县2016高考英语：政治经济文化类阅读理解二轮统练（5）及答案.doc

1、天津静海县2016高考英语：政治经济文化类阅读理解二轮统练（5）及答案2016高考英语阅读理解-政治经济文化类 On behalf of the Obama family，I want to wish you a very happy Thanksgiving Like many of you well spend the day with family and friends，catching up，eating some good food and watching a little footballBefore we lift a fork，we lend a hand by going

2、 out in the community to serve some of our neighbors in needAnd we give thanks for each other， and for all of Gods blessingsWe all share this day，united by the gratitude for the bounty（慷慨） of this nationAnd we welcome the contributions of all people-no matter their origin or color or beliefs-who cal

3、l America home， and who enrich the life of our nation It is a belief as old as our founding：“Epluribus unum” - that out of many，we are one We are reminded that this creed， and America itself was never an inevitability， but the result of ordinary people in every generation doing their part to uphold

4、our founding ideals-by taking the blessings of freedom， and multiplying them for those who would follow As President Kennedy once wrote， even as we give thanks for all that weve inherited from those who came before us-“the decency（庄重，正派） of purpose， steadfastness（坚定）of resolve and strength of will，

5、for the courage and the humility， which they possessed” we must also remember that “the highest appreciation is not to utter words but to live by them” Today，we are grateful to all Americans who do their part to live by those ideals， including our brave men and women in uniform overseas and their fa

6、milies， who sacrifice so much to keep America safeWe are grateful to the countless Americans who serve their communities in soup kitchens and shelters，looking out for those who are less fortunate，and lifting up those who have fallen on hard times This generosity， this compassion， this belief that we

7、 are each others keepers， is essential to who we are， not just on this day，but every dayIts easy to focus on what separates usBut as we gather with loved ones on this Thanksgiving， lets remember and be grateful for what ties us together Our love of countryOur commitment to justice and equalityOur be

8、lief that Americas best days are ahead，and that her destiny is ours to shape-and that our inherited ideals must be the birthright of all of our children Thats what today is all about：that out of many，we are oneThank you， God bless you【小题1】What makes America as it is today？ AThe blessings of GodBThe

9、persistent efforts of all AmericansCThe contributions of people from different originDThe bonus of World War II【小题2】As is mentioned several times in the passage， the sentence “out of many， we are one” implies Aalthough we come from different places， now we share the same cultureBonjy if we unite as

10、one can we make a better worldCwe are unique ones picked out by GodDamong the many countries in the world， America is the best one to live in【小题3】Whats the purpose by referring to President Kennedys saying？ ATo testify what we have today is inherited from our ancestorsBTo emphasis the importance of

11、giving thanks to our forefathers and fellowsCTo remind people to share happiness with othersDTo encourage every American to do their own part in building the country【小题4】President Obamas speech is made tocall on Americans to unite together and help each other raise money to help the people in needcl

12、arify how the Thanksgiving comes into beingexpress thanks to those who serve people at home or abroad ABCD 2016高考英语阅读理解-政治经济文化类阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。Sunny countries are often poor. A shame, then, that solar power is still quite expensive. Eight19, a British company by Cambridge Universi

13、ty, has, however, invented a novel way to get round this. In return for a deposit of around $10 it is supplying poor Kenyan families with a solar cell able to generate 2.5 watts of electricity, a battery that can deliver a three amp（安培） current to store this electricity, and a lamp whose bulb is a l

14、ight-emitting diode（二极管）. The firm thinks that this system, once the battery is fully charged, is enough to light two small rooms and to power a mobile-phone charger for seven hours. Then, next day, it can be put outside and charged back up again.The trick is that, to be able to use the electricity,

15、 the systems keeper must buy a scratch cardfor as little as a dollaron which is printed a reference number. The keeper sends this reference, plus the serial number of the household solar unit, by SMS to Eight19. The companys server will respond automatically with an access code to the unit. Users ma

16、y consider that they are paying an hourly rate for their electricity. In fact, they are paying off the cost of the unit. After buying around $80 worth of scratch cardswhich Eight19 expects would take the average family around 18 monthsthe user will own it. He will then have the option of continuing

17、to use it for nothing, or of trading it in for a bigger one, perhaps driven by a 10-watt solar cell. In that case, he would go then through the same process again, paying off the additional cost of the upgraded kit at a slightly higher rate. Users would therefore increase their electricity supply st

18、eadily and afford ably. According to Eight19s figures, this looks like a good deal for customers. The firm believes the average energy-starved Kenyan spends around $10 a month on oilenough to fuel a couple of smoky lampsplus $2 on charging his mobile phone in the market-place. Regular users of one o

19、f Eight19s basic solar units will spend around half that, before owning it completely. Meanwhile, as the cost of solar technology falls, it should get even cheaper.【小题1】The underlined word “get round” in the first paragraph can be replaced by _ . Amake use ofBcome up withClook intoDdeal with【小题2】How

20、 much would users pay for the cell and scratch cards before they own a 2.5-watt solar cell? AAround $10.BAround $80.CAround $90.DAround $180.【小题3】It can be inferred from the last paragraph that _. AKenyan families would find it difficult to afford the solar cellBusing the solar cell would help Kenya

21、n families save moneyCfew Kenyan families use mobile phones for lack of electricityDthe company will make a great profit from selling solar cells【小题4】What might be the most suitable title for the passage? ASolar Energy: Starting from Scratch.BEight19: a creative British Company.CKenyan Families: Usi

22、ng Solar Energy for Free.DPoor Countries: Beginning to Use Solar Energy.阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。 Big Brothers Big Sisters is based on the simplicity and power of friendship.It is a program which provides friendship and fun by matching vulnerable_young_people (ages 717) with a volunt

23、eer adult who can be both a role model and a supportive friend.Volunteer tutors come from all walks of lifemarried，single，with or without children. Big Brothers and Big Sisters are not replacement parents or social workers.They are tutors：someone to trust，to have fun with，to talk and go to when need

24、ed.A Big Sister and Little Sister will generally spend between one and four hours together three or four times each month for at least twelve months.They enjoy simple activities such as a picnic at a park，cooking，playing sport or going to a football match.These activities improve the friendship and

25、help the young person develop positive selfrespect，confidence and life direction.Big Brothers Big Sisters organizations exist throughout the world.It is the largest and most wellknown provider of tutor services internationally and has been operating for 25 years.Emily and Sarah have been matched sin

26、ce March 2008.Emily is a 10yearold girl who has experienced some difficulties being accepted by her schoolmates at school.“I was pretty sure there was something wrong with me.”Emilys mum came across Big Brothers Big Sisters and thought it would be of benefit to Emily by “providing different feedback

27、 (反馈) about herself other than just relying on schoolmates to measure her selfworth.”Sarah wanted to get involved in a volunteer program.“I googled it and found out how to be a part of it.I thought it would be fun for me to get involved in making time to do something because sometimes its all work a

28、nd no play.”Big Brothers Big Sisters has been of great benefit and enjoyment to both Emily and Sarah.They love and look forward to their time together and the partnership has certainly helped Emily be more comfortable in being the wonderful，happy and unique girl she is!【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了Big Brother

29、s Big Sisters这一活动的具体事宜及一些志愿者的反映。1What is the aim of Big Brothers Big Sisters?ATo offer students public services.BTo help students improve their grades.CTo organize sport activities for young people.DTo provide partnership and fun for young people.答案D考查细节理解。从第一段的“It is a program which provides friend

30、ship and fun by matching vulnerable young people (ages 717) with a volunteer adult who can be both a role model and a supportive friend.”可知，这是一个成人志愿者给感情上脆弱的年轻人提供友谊和快乐的项目。2A volunteer is usually expected to work within a year for at least _.A24 hours B36 hoursC48 hours D72 hours答案B考查推理判断。从第三段的第一句可知，志

31、愿者们和这些年轻人每个月都会碰面三四次，每次都在一到四个小时之间，所以他们一年最少也会碰面36个小时。3According to Emilys mother，this program may provide Emily with _.Aadvice from her teachersBa new way to assess herselfCa new way to judge her schoolmatesDmore comments from her schoolmates答案B考查推理判断。从第六段的内容可知，Emily的妈妈认为Emily可以通过不同的反馈而不是只依靠同学们来估量自我价值

32、。4Why did Sarah want to get involved in the program?AShe used to be a volunteer.BShe needed a parttime job.CShe felt a bit bored with her life.DShe wanted to get a challenging job.答案C考查细节理解。从第七段的“I thought it would be fun for me to get involved in making time to do something because sometimes its al

33、l work and no play.”可知，有时候只工作，不娱乐，这让Sarah感到生活乏味，这是她参加这个项目的原因。阅读下列文章，按要求完成读写任务Healthy knees arent the main consideration in choosing high heels，but new research says chunky heels are just as bad for the knees as spindly stilettos(细高跟鞋)“It takes a long time to feel the effects of knee osteoarthritis (

34、骨关节炎)and once you do it，it is too late，” said Dr.Casey Kerrigan，leading researcher of the study and associate professor at Harvard Medical Schools department of physical medicine.“I compare it to smokingone cigarette is not painful，but over a lifetime it is.Wideheeled shoes feel comfortable，so women

35、 wear them all day long，” Kerrigan said.“They are better for your feet than stiletto heels，but just as bad for your knees.”In the study，researchers had twenty women wear two pairs of shoes with threeinch heels，one with a narrow heel and the other with a thick one.The scientists compared how much pre

36、ssure was put on the womens knees by both types of shoes.The women also walked barefoot to test normal pressure.The scientists found that both types of shoes applied equal amounts of pressure to the knees.Compared with walking barefoot，the heels increased pressure on the inside of the knee by 26 per

37、cent.Increased pressure on the knee eventually leads to arthritis，experts say.The idea that high heels are bad for your health isnt newscientists have warned women for years that they contribute to problems ranging from corns to hammer toes，tendonitis，knee pain，sprained(扭伤)ankles and back problems.B

38、ut in 1998，Kerrigan and a team of Harvard researchers were the first to link high heels and knee osteoarthritis，a painful joint disease that destroys cartilage(软骨)surrounding the knee.The first study looked only at stiletto heels，and Kerrigan said she wanted to study the chunky highheeled shoes she

39、noticed many women wearing.“This study confirms what we all intuitively(直觉地)know that highheeled shoes of any kind are not good for our health，” said Dr.Glem Pfeffer，a San Francisco doctor and member of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons who was not connected to the study.根据短文，写一篇30词左右的摘要_

40、 _.根据所读短文，选择最佳选项1We learn from the passage that women choose chunky heels because _.Athey want to walk comfortably Bchunky heeled shoes are cheaper than stiletto heeled pairsCchunky heels do less harm to kneesDchunky heels are not painful at all2The study mentioned in the second paragraph found that

41、 _.Apressure on the foot is caused by high heelsBthe pressure is abnormal while walking barefootCarthritis is always caused by pressure on the kneesDboth types of shoes have the same harm to the knees3It can be inferred from the passage that _.Apeople got to know the high heels are bad for health re

42、centlyBpeople have known the high heels are bad for health for yearsCpeople havent known the high heels are bad for health yetDpeople will be warned that the high heels are bad for health soon4Kerrigans late study looked at the chunky highheeled shoes because _.Athey feel more comfortableBthey are r

43、elated to knee osteoarthritisCthey are worn by many womenDthey are different from stiletto heels5The best title for the passage may be _.ATalking Healthy Knees into ConsiderationBHighheels Do Harm to KneesCChunky Heels and Stiletto HeelsDWhen Wearing Highheels参考答案【三】The passage discusses the idea th

44、at high heels have bad effects on the knees by surveying and showing some facts and the reasons for it，so when choosing high heels we should consider our healthy knees.1解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Wide heeled shoes feel comfortable，so women wear them all day long”可知妇女选择粗高跟鞋是因为粗高跟鞋穿着舒服，A项与此意思相符。答案：A2解析：推理判断题。从第

45、二段中的“The scientists found that both types of shoes applied equal amounts of pressure to the knees.”可知，两种高跟鞋给膝关节带来的压力是等量的，所以它们对膝关节的伤害是一样的。答案：D3解析：细节理解题。根据第三段开头“The idea that high heels are bad for your health isnt newscientists have warned women for years that.”可知B项与此一致。答案：B4解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The first study looked only at stiletto heels，and Kerrigan said she wanted to study the chunky high heeled shoes she noticed many women wearing.”可见，起初的研究对象只是细高跟鞋，Kerrigan后来对粗高跟鞋进行调查研究是因为她注意到许多妇女穿着粗高跟鞋。答案：C5解析：主旨大意题。本文主要论述了鞋跟粗厚的高跟鞋和鞋跟细高的高跟鞋一样，都对膝关节有损害。所以B选项“高跟鞋伤害膝关节”是最佳选项。答案：B