2021-2022学年高中英语北师大版必修1讲义：UNIT 2 SECTION Ⅳ　LANGUAGE POINTS（Ⅱ）（ LESSON 2 .doc

1、Section Language Points()( Lesson 2 & Lesson 3).单词拼写根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词1The films full of violence(暴力) are bad for children and young people.2Soon they became very skilful(熟练的) at answering such questions.3Honeybees communicate in an amazing(令人惊异的) way.4I received a most unusual(不寻常的) present from my

2、aunt.5She has got brilliant(辉煌的) achievements in the field of biology.6It is 30 years since he joined the revolution7The university was founded by a millionaire.8Fortunately，he broke away from these people years ago.9His grammar is awful，especially when he writes articles.10The decisions we take now

3、 may influence the course of the events in the future.拓展词汇根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词1personal adj.私人的；个人的personally adv.就个人而言2equal adj.平等的equally adv.平等地equality n平等；等同3skill n技巧；技术skilful adj.灵巧的；熟练的4violent adj.暴力的violence n暴力5compete vi.比赛；竞争competition n比赛；竞争competitor n竞争者.补全短语根据提示补全下列短语1in prison坐牢，入狱2

4、fight for 为而战斗/斗争3start/begin with 以开始4agree with 同意5end up with 结束6be keen on 热衷于7in ones opinion 就某人看来8compete with/against 同竞争.选词填空选用上述短语的适当形式填空1He called on the workers to fight for their rights.2In my opinion，what he said is not true at all.3The boys competed with each other for the prize.4Afte

5、r ten years in prison，he was a free man again.5Do you agree with me about the need for more schools?6I am keen on climbing the beacon towers.v.orn.v.with复合短语actor 演员visitor 拜访者translator 翻译者go with伴随deal with 处理meet with 偶遇背教材原句记句式结构仿写促落实1.In a recent interview，Venus spoke about the time when she an

6、d Serena were practising tennis and they had to run and hide as bullets started flying through the air.在最近一次采访中，维纳斯说，那个时候她和塞丽娜练网球时，一路得跑着躲闪空中穿梭的子弹。关系副词when引导定语从句那是汽车很罕见的时代。It was a time when motorcars were rare.2.Brandi，the sisters mother，taught her daughters at home so that they completed their high

7、 school while developing their tennis careers.母亲布兰迪在家中教两姐妹文化知识，这样，才使她们既没有中断网球生涯，又能顺利地完成高中学业。状语从句的省略她在草丛中行走时被蛇咬了一口。She was bitten by a snake while walking in the grass.3.He has always been very strict with his daughters，training them hard to compete against each other.他总是对他的女儿们很严厉，通过让她们对战来训练她们完成任务。现在

8、分词作伴随状语他生气地说着，手指着墙上的布告。He said it angrily pointing at the notice on the wall. found vt.建立；创立(教材P24)He led the 1911 revolution and founded the first Republic of China.他领导了1911年的(辛亥)革命，建立了最初的中华民国。(1) found sth.on/upon sth.把建立在上(2)foundation n. 创建；创办；基础founder n. 创建者；创办者；创始人Founded in the early 20th ce

9、ntury，the school keeps on inspiring childrens love of art.创建于20世纪初期的这所学校一直激励着孩子们对于艺术的热爱。As we all know，a good relationship has to be founded on/upon trust.众所周知，良好的关系必须建立在信任的基础上。名师点津(1)found作为“创办；建立”讲时，相当于set up。如：found/set up a new school建立一所新学校。(2)注意found和find的过去式、过去分词的不同：found(建立)foundedfoundedfin

10、d(发现)foundfound struggle n斗争；拼搏；努力 v奋斗；抗争；挣扎(教材P115)After some struggle，blacks and whites were able to sit together on buses.经过一番斗争，黑人和白人能够一同坐在公共汽车上。(1)struggle for.为而斗争struggle with/against sb./sth. 与某人/某物作斗争struggle to do sth. 努力做某事struggle to ones feet 挣扎着站起来(2)with a struggle 费劲地He is struggling

11、 to support his family alone.他独自一人吃力地支撑着他的家。James struggled with burglars and frightened them away.詹姆斯和入室盗贼搏斗并把他们吓跑了。Millions of people are struggling for life with high prices.数百万人在高物价下苦苦生存。 equal adj.相等的；平等的；胜任的(教材P25)His first victory was to win the equal rights for blacks to sit on buses.他的第一个胜利

12、是为黑人赢得了坐公共汽车的同等权利。(1)equal adj.(大小、数量、价值等)相等的，相同的be equal to 与相等；能胜任的(2)equal v. (作连系动词，大小、数量上)等于，与相同；比得上，达到equal sth.in 在方面能比得上(3)equality n. 平等equally adv. 相等地，相同地；同样地I feel that I am equal to that work.我觉得我能胜任那份工作。Perseverance can sometimes equal genius in its results.毅力在效果上有时能同天才相比。We hold up th

13、e principle of racial equality(equal)我们坚持种族平等的原则。图形助记相等胜任的 look back回看；回顾；倒退；回头看(教材P26)Finally，in 1991，the sisters and their family moved to a safer area and since then they have never looked back.最终在1991年，两姐妹随同家人一起搬到了一个比较安全的地区，从此再也没有故地重游过。look after照料；照顾look forward to 盼望look out 当心；注意look through

14、浏览look up and down 上下打量look down upon 瞧不起look up 仰视；查阅I look back on those days as the happiest time of my life.我回顾那些日子，把它当作我生活中最快乐的一段时光。We are all looking forward to our holiday.我们都盼望着假期。Look out，theres a car coming.当心，汽车过来了。 compete vi.比赛；竞争(教材P26)He has always been very strict with his daughters，

15、training them hard to compete against each other.他总是对他的女儿们很严厉，通过让她们对战来训练她们完成任务。(1)compete in参加竞争；参与比赛compete with/against sb.on sth. 在方面与竞争compete for. 为而比赛/竞争(2)competitor n. 竞争者；对手competition n. 竞争competitive adj. 竞争的They found themselves competing with foreign companies for a share of the market.

16、他们发现自己在与外国公司争夺市场份额。The stores have to compete for customers in the Christmas season.圣诞节期间，商店不得不为争夺顾客而竞争。The firm had better products than its competitors，so it came first in the competition(compete)这家公司的产品比其对手的好，所以在竞赛中，这家公司获得了第一名。 (教材P26)They have already expressed a keen interest in working in desi

17、gn after their tennis careers come to an end她们都对网球生涯结束后从事设计的工作极感兴趣。(1)keen adj.强烈的；渴望的，急切的be keen for sth.渴望得到某物渴望做某事be keen that. 渴望He told me that he was keen on helping/to help those who were in trouble.他告诉我他渴望帮助那些处于困境中的人们。Angela is keen on all kinds of pop music.安杰拉迷上了各种流行音乐。We are keen that our

18、 school should get involved too.我们盼望着我们的学校也参与其中。名师点津“渴望”表达法荟萃：wish/hope for sth.；desire to do sth./for sth.；long to do sth./for sth.；be dying for sth.；be anxious to do sth./for sth.；be eager to do sth./for sth.(2)come to an end结束；终止come to an agreement达成协议come to a decision 做出决定come to oneself 恢复知觉，

19、苏醒come to a conclusion 得出结论We must come to a decision about what to do next by this afternoon.我们今天下午之前要决定好下一步做什么。When he came to himself(him)，he found himself lying in bed.他苏醒过来后，发现自己躺在床上。名师点津“结束”的说法：end up (with)，end (up) in，bring sth.to an end，put an end to sth.。 amazing adj.令人惊异的(教材P26)The sister

20、s road to success has been amazing.姐妹俩的成功之路是惊人的。(1)amazed adj.感到吃惊的(多修饰人)be amazed at/by. 对感到吃惊be amazed to do. 对做感到惊奇(2)amazement n. 惊愕；惊诧in amazement 吃惊地to ones amazement 令某人大为惊奇的是You will be amazed at the progress we have made.你将会对我们的进步感到惊讶。Many are amazed that Lunar New Years Eve is not an offic

21、ial holiday now.许多人大为吃惊，农历新年除夕现在不再是法定假日了。To my amazement(amaze)，he came first.使我吃惊的是，他居然第一个到。 (教材P26)In a recent interview，Venus spoke about the time when she and Serena were practising tennis and they had to run and hide as bullets started flying through the air.在最近一次采访中，维纳斯说，那个时候她和塞丽娜练网球时，一路得跑着躲闪空

22、中穿梭的子弹。【要点提炼】本句为主从复合句。when作关系副词引导定语从句，修饰先行词time。when在定语从句中作时间状语，可用in/at/on/during等介词which转换。一般来说，when代替的先行词是表示时间的名词。We are living in an age when(in which) many things are done on computers.我们生活在一个很多事情都在电脑上处理的时代。We will never forget those days when (on which) we played together last year.我们将永远不会忘记去年我

23、们一起玩的那些日子。名师点津并非一看到句中有表示时间的名词如year，month，day等，就用when来引导定语从句。表示时间的名词如果在从句中作状语，用when引导；如果在句中作主语或宾语时，就用that/which。 (教材P26)Brandi，the sisters mother，taught her daughters at home so that they completed their high school while developing their tennis careers母亲布兰迪在家中教两姐妹文化知识，这样，才使她们既没有中断网球生涯，又能顺利地完成高中学业。【要

24、点提炼】“while分词”的省略结构。(1)当while后的分词的逻辑主语和句子的主语一致且从句的谓语带有be动词时，可以用“while分词”的省略形式作时间状语。(2)除了while外，when，once，until，if，though等连词也可用于此种省略形式。(3)当从句的主语是it，谓语部分中又含有系动词be时，可以把it和系动词be一起省略，构成“连词(if，unless，when等)形容词”的结构。如if so，unless necessary等。When leaving the airport，my sister waved again and again to us.离开机场时

25、，我姐姐向我们不停地挥手。If translated(translate) word by word，the passage will be difficult to understand.如果逐字逐句地翻译的话，这篇文章会很难懂。If (it is) so，you must go back and get it.如果这样的话，你必须回去把它拿来。(教材P26)Finally，in 1991，the sisters and their family moved to a safer area and since then they have never looked back.【分析】句中si

26、nce then“从那以后”(from then on)，是介词短语作时间状语，与现在完成时或过去完成时连用，位置常在句首或句末。【翻译】最终在1991年，两姐妹随同家人一起搬到了一个比较安全的地区，从此再也没有故地重游过。现在完成时和一般过去时语 境 自 主 领 悟观察例句自主感悟1.Her younger sister Serena has moved up to third.2The two sisters were born in a poor and dangerous area of California. 3Since then they have never looked ba

27、ck.4He has always been very strict with his daughters.5In 1999 and 2002，she won the US Open.1.句子1、3、4中用到的时态是现在完成时；通常表示该动作从过去持续到现在(也许还将持续下去)，并对现在造成一定的影响。2句子2、5中用到的时态是一般过去时，表示过去时间里发生的动作或存在的状态。一、现在完成时1表示一个动作开始于过去，持续到现在(也许还将持续下去)。时间状语有：lately，recently，in the last/past few days/years(在过去的几天/年里)，since the

28、n，up to now，so far等。He has been busy writing a book recently.最近他一直在忙着写一本书。In the past few years，great changes have taken place in my hometown.在过去的几年里，我的家乡发生了巨大变化。He has written 8 books so far.到现在为止，他共写了8本书。2表示一个发生在过去的事情对现在产生的影响。常用的时间状语有already，just，yet，never，before等。He has already turned off the lig

29、ht.(The light is turned off now.)他已经关灯了。The concert has already started.(The concert is on now.)音乐会已经开始了。I have already seen the film.(I know the film now.)我已经看过那部电影了。3在This/It is the first/second.timethat从句中，从句要用现在完成时。This is the first time I have come here.这是我第一次来这里。4在条件、时间、让步状语从句中，表示将来已完成的动作。I wi

30、ll not believe you unless I have seen it with my own eyes.只有我亲眼看到，我才会相信你。(强调“看到”)I will go with you as soon as I have finished my work.我干完了工作就和你一起去。(强调“干完”)5瞬间动词(又叫非延续性动词，或终止性动词)可以有现在完成时态，但不可以接一段时间；若要接一段时间，需要做一些相应的变换。He has come to Beijing since last year.(误)He has lived in Beijing since last year.(

31、正)他从去年就住在北京。He has joined the army for 3 years.(误)He has served in the army for 3 years.(正)He joined the army 3 years ago.(正)He has been a soldier for 3 years.(正)It is 3 years since he joined the army.(正)他参军3年了。即时训练1单句语法填空I have seen(see)the film before，but I decide to see it a second time.I have ne

32、ver heard(not hear) of it before.Ill help you when I have finished(finish) my paper.It is the second time that I have made(make) the mistake.二、一般过去时1表示在过去时间里发生的事件(现在已经结束)或存在的状态。Tom suddenly fell ill yesterday and had to stay at home for another day.昨天汤姆突然病了，只好在家再待一天。The train arrived ten minutes ago

33、.火车十分钟前到的。She looked very well when I last saw her.上次我见到她时，她看上去气色很好。2表示过去经常、反复发生的习惯性动作。I always got up too late，and never had enough time for breakfast.我总是起床很晚，从来没有足够的时间吃早饭。名师点津在时间、条件等状语从句中常用一般过去时代替过去将来时。He said he would call me as soon as he arrived.他说他一到就给我打电话。She said she would come if I promised

34、 to wait for her.她说如果我答应等她，她会来的。即时训练2单句语法填空Mary wrote(write) a letter to her penfriend last night.When I was a child we always went(go) to the seaside in August.I never thought(think) you would bring me a gift.单句语法填空1Mr.Wang has worked(work) in the factory since he came to the city.2Mary left(leave)

35、school last year and is now studying Chinese here.3The young girl sitting next to me on the plane is very nervous.She hasnt flown(not fly)before.4Zhao Lan has already studied(study)in this school for two years.5Who do you think has sent(send)me such a nice tie?6Li Mei always went(go)to school on foo

36、t last year.7She wasnt(be not)happy when I saw her.8I wont go there because I have visited(visit) it three times.9I always went(go) fishing with my father when I was a child.10As soon as I finished(finish)writing the letter，I ran out of the room to the post office.单句改错1Peter has injured his ankle in

37、 the crosscountry race，but now he is better.去掉has2She leaves the key in her office so she has to wait until her husband comes back.leaveshas left3John and Mary knew each other for a year.They are getting married soon.knewhave known4The radio that I have bought last week has been out of order.去掉have5

38、They translated this book into several languages since last year.translated前加have.单句语法填空1For many years，people have dreamed(dream) of electric cars.However，making them has been more difficult than predicted.2The Peoples Republic of China was founded(found) in 1949.3I was amazed(amaze) by the news of

39、 Georges sudden death.4I still remember the time when I first met him.5She is so shy that she never speaks first until spoken(speak)to.6Several companies are competing for the contract.7He struggled to keep(keep) up with the other students in the class.8His advice was useless(use) to our project，so

40、we refused it.9It is evident that he is not equal to the job.10Her father is a skilled(skill) mechanic.单句改错1Photographers，models and singers all struggled with money and fame.withfor2Unless inviting to attend the party，I wont go to his house.invitinginvited3She did not feel equal to receive visitors.receivereceiving4I mind the time which we were in New York together.whichwhen5He is keen have a look at the Great Wall.keen后加to