2021-2022版高中英语 Unit 3 Life in the future Warming Up & Reading素养评价检测（含解析）新人教版必修5.doc

1、课时素养评价七Unit 3Warming Up & Reading. 单句语法填空1. When it comes to job interviews, first impressions(impress) are very important. 2. Those who constantly(constant) struggle for self-improvement will succeed in the end. 3. I had visited them three days previously (previous). 4. Activities all take place un

2、der the guidance (guide) of an experienced tutor. 5. People usually see their own surroundings(surrounding) as a form of free goods. 6. They need to be tolerant (tolerate) of different points of view. 7. The factory had to close down for lack of orders. 8. Sometimes happiness is just a matter of att

3、itude adjustment(adjust). 9. As a saying goes, courage is grace under pressure(press). 10. Optimism is an excellent quality, but if overly optimistic(optimism), it is stupid. . 选词填空take up, as a result, similar to, be back on ones feet, lose sight of, sweep up, in all directions, slide into, catch s

4、ight of , in no time1. He set to work again and made the snow fly in all directions around him. 2. Sometimes, the smallest things take up the most room in your heart. 3. With the right food and nutrition, youll recover from the flu in no time. 4. She was swallowed up by the crowd and we lost sight o

5、f her. 5. Yesterday I caught sight of my friend and came up to him. 6. Lets pile up the fallen leaves in the corner and sweep up the floor. 7. After the physicians careful treatment, the sick girl was back on her feet. 8. An elderly lady slid into the seat when the movie had already started. 9. He m

6、ade one big mistake, and as a result lost his job. 10. The conclusion he drew was similar to that of the expert in this research institution. . 完成句子1. Now it is the time when we are in need of employees. 现在正是雇人的时候。2. Theres no petrol, so its very difficult to transport goods. 没有汽油, 因此很难运输货物。3. It lo

7、oked as though it might rain at any minute. 看上去好像随时都会下雨。4. Satisfied with what he did, the teacher praised him in class. 由于老师对他所做的事很满意, 于是在班里表扬了他。5. You should be responsible for what you have done previously. 你应该对先前所做的事负责。. 阅读理解ALike Marty McFlys banana-powered DeLorean(德罗宁时光机), a future generation

8、 of flying cars could tip over the idea that all flying is bad for the climate. Firms such as the Rolls Royce, Lilium and Vertical Aerospace have argued that flying cars could be a green mode of transport despite the large amounts of energy they need to get off the ground. One study into the environ

9、mental impact of such vertical(垂直的)takeoff and landing (VTOL) vehicles suggests their backers could be right at least in some circumstances. Gregory Keoleian at the University of Michigan and colleagues found that VTOLs, if they ever took to the skies, would produce 6 percent less emissions than an

10、electric car over a 100-kilometre journey. ”“The VTOL is particularly energy intensive (集中的)during takeoff and landing. The flight phase, however, is much more efficient, and over long distances, makes fully loaded VTOLs competitive with ground based vehicles, ”says Keoleian. Flying cars would also

11、have the advantage of being able to fly in a straight line, by passing meandering routes. However, dont act immediately. The difference was only very small and there are several big catches. Flying cars dont really exist yet they are only at the prototype (蓝本)stage. The prototypes rely on electric p

12、ower and act as a taxi, but another issue is that the study is a bit of an apples-for-oranges comparison. The researchers assume that each electric car carries an average of 1. 54 passengers while the passengers and drivers of the flying car are three and one. The reason for this assumption is that

13、the flying car will provide a shared taxi service like UberPool, but in fact electric cars can do the same. In addition, due to the need for energy during takeoff, the emissions from the flight below 35 km will be more than those of electric vehicles. Keoleian and his team conclude flying cars could

14、 have a minor role in sustainable transport. But even if they do prove to be green, they have a lot of other hurdles to cross first. 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了飞行汽车的优势以及自身的问题。1. Why do firms like the Rolls Royce argue for flying cars? A. They are banana-powered. B. They are energy-saving. C. They run faste

15、r. D. They need less energy to take off. 【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第一段可知, 像劳斯莱斯这样的公司都在讨论, 飞行汽车可能是一种绿色的交通工具, 尽管升空的时候需要耗费大量的燃料。可推知, 飞行汽车对环境有好处, 能节约能源, 故选B。2. What does Keoleians study find about the VTOL vehicles? A. They are nearly perfect. B. They are able to fly in a straight line. C. They can win out over lo

16、ng distances. D. They can save 6% energy than electric cars. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段“The flight phase, however, is much more efficient, and over long distances, makes fully loaded VTOLs competitive with ground based vehicles, ”says Keoleian. 可知, Keoleian认为在飞行期间, VTOLs更高效, 在长途运输的时候, 满载的VTOLs更能够与传统的汽车相抗衡。可

17、知, 这种飞行汽车优势在于长途运输, 故选C。3. What does the underlined word “catches” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A. Problems. B. Advantages. C. Differences. D. Efforts. 【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据第三段中Flying cars dont really exist yetthey are only at the prototype stage. 可知, 如今飞行汽车还没有量产, 还停留在雏形阶段, 故可知catch意思为“缺陷, 问题”, 故选A。4. What is

18、the authors attitude to flying cars? A. Doubtful. B. Supportive. C. Disapproving. D. Neutral. 【解析】选D。推理判断题。分析文章可知, 作者首先描述飞行汽车的优势, 同时也指出飞行汽车与电动汽车相比, 没有什么实质性的优点, 故可知, 作者对飞行汽车的态度是比较客观和中立的, 故选D。B(2020全国卷)The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research. Recent st

19、udies have found positive effects. A study conducted in Youngstown, Ohio, for example, discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime. In another, employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants. The engineers at the Massachusett

20、s Institute of Technology(MIT)have taken it a step furtherchanging the actual composition of plants in order to get them to perform diverse, even unusual functions. These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when theyre short of water and a plant that can detect harmful

21、 chemicals in groundwater. “Were thinking about how we can engineer plants to replace functions of the things that we use every day, ”explained Michael Strano, a professor of chemical engineering at MIT. One of his latest projects has been to make plants glow(发光)in experiments using some common vege

22、tables. Stranos team found that they could create a faint light for three-and-a-half hours. The light, about one-thousandth of the amount needed to read by, is just a start. The technology, Strano said, could one day be used to light the rooms or even to turn trees into self-powered street lamps. In

23、 the future, the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed onto plant leaves in a one-off treatment that would last the plants lifetime. The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off “switch”where the glow would fade when exposed to daylight. Lighting accounts fo

24、r about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US. Since lighting is often far removed from the power source(电源)such as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway a lot of energy is lost during transmission(传输). Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore he

25、lp save energy. 【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了科学家运用高科技改造绿色植物从而达到节能减排的科学探索。5. What is the first paragraph mainly about? A. A new study of different plants. B. A big fall in crime rates. C. Employees from various workplaces. D. Benefits from green plants. 【解析】选D。段落大意题。根据第一段最后两句“例如, 在俄亥俄州扬斯敦进行的一项研究发现, 城市绿化较好的地区

26、犯罪率较低。在另一项研究中发现, 员工的工作场所被室内植物装饰后, 他们的工作效率会提高15%。”可知, 本段主要介绍绿色植物的益处。故选D。6. What is the function of the sensors printed on plant leaves by MIT engineers? A. To detect plants lack of water. B. To change compositions of plants. C. To make the life of plants longer. D. To test chemicals in plants. 【解析】选A

27、。细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“其中包括在叶子上印上传感器以显示植物的缺水情况, 还可以检测地下水中的有害化学物质。”可知选A。7. What can we expect of the glowing plants in the future? A. They will speed up energy production. B. They may transmit electricity to the home. C. They might help reduce energy consumption. D. They could take the place of power plants

28、. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“发光的植物可以缩短这个距离, 从而帮助节约能源。”可知这种发光的植物在将来可能会有助于节约能源。8. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. Can we grow more glowing plants? B. How do we live with glowing plants? C. Could glowing plants replace lamps? D. How are glowing plants made pollution-free? 【解析

29、】选C。标题归纳题。文章主要介绍了麻省理工学院的科研团队的一项研究: 利用特殊的装置让植物发光来照亮房间或把树变成会发光的路灯, 以此来节约和利用能源。故“发光的植物能代替灯吗? ”为最佳标题。【难句剖析】In the future, the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed onto plant leaves in a one-off treatment that would last the plants lifetime. 分析: 本句主干为the team hopes to dev

30、elop a version of the technology, 其中第一个that引导定语从句, 修饰先行词technology, 在从句中作主语; 第二个that引导定语从句, 修饰先行词treatment。翻译: 未来, 该团队希望能开发出一种可以一次性喷洒到植物叶子上就能延长植物寿命的技术。【猜测词义】Were thinking about how we can engineer plants to replace functions of the things that we use every day, ” explained Michael Strano, a professo

31、r of chemical engineering at MIT. What does the underlined word mean? A. growB. designC. controlD. discover. 阅读填句根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Overcome Culture Shock in the ClassroomCulture shock occurs in a classroom when students are exposed to a new situation. 1. However, it can also

32、happen to students moving from a small town to a large city, to home-schooled students starting formal school education or to students progressing from one level of education to another. There are several strategies that teachers can use to help students overcome culture shock. Make group rules Brai

33、nstorm(集体讨论) group rules with the class as a whole to create a safe space and good learning environment. 2. Rules could include respecting differences, listening when someone is speaking and not teasing, for example. Provide a partnerFind a partner for the new student in the adjustment period. 3. A

34、good partner is someone who is friendly, outgoing and patient. The partner should show the new student around the school, spend time with him or her after class and eat lunch with him or her. Know the source of a problemIdentify problems early and work with the student and his or her family to deal

35、with them. 4. It can also be caused by overseas or home school environment. Students and parents need to be aware of all the rules and customs. 5Create lessons that include information about different countries and traditions. These could include story reading, geography, cultural studies and histor

36、y. Encourage the student to share some information about himself or herself. A. Create special lessonsB. Respect other culturesC. They have lost their own language and cultureD. Explain the rules and require everyone to follow themE. A partner can help him or her quickly adapt to the new environment

37、F. Classroom culture shock is often caused by the very different environment of a classroomG. Typically, this happens when a new immigrant(移民) arrives in a classroom for the first time【文章大意】本文为议论文。文章论述了如何克服课堂上的文化冲击, 给读者提出了几点建议。1. 【解析】选G。该空前一句意思是: 当学生面临新的学习环境时, 可能会在教室里遭遇文化冲击。G项意思是: 比较典型的是, 当一个新移民首次进入

38、教室时, 文化冲击就会发生。前后逻辑顺畅, 并且句意符合此处语境。故G选项正确。2. 【解析】选D。D项中的the rules和该空前及该空后的 rules相呼应, 并且句意符合此处语境。故D选项正确。3. 【解析】选E。E项中的A partner和该空前及该空后的partner相呼应, 并且句意符合此处语境。故E选项正确。4. 【解析】选F。F项中的Classroom culture shock is often caused. . . 和该段的标题Know the source of a problem及该空后的It can also be caused. . . 相呼应, 并且句意符合此

39、处语境。故F选项正确。5. 【解析】选A。A项和本段的Create lessons. . . 相呼应, 并且句意代表本段大意。故A选项正确。. 完形填空(2020泰州高二检测)My eldest son Simon and a group of his good friends were going to a snowfield and go skiing. However, their car wouldnt 1, so I offered to 2 them out by taking them there in my car. A round trip was 900 kilometer

40、s and it would take 10 hours to finish it. 3I was happy to make the trip, I thought such a 4drive within one day was a tiring one, especially when I wanted to 5 and make preparations for the coming busy week. That morning as we6to the snowfield, Simon and I talked about everything under the sun. I f

41、ound it7 to have this time with him as we hardly had spent five continuous 8 together. As I made the9 trip back home, I had strange sense of 10without them in my car, so I spent the next five hours listening to my favorite CDs and 11 the issues I had in my business and how they should be 12. By the

42、time I 13 home I had developed a plan for one important issue I had to deal with next week. 14, after my long trip home I was refreshed, even though I was physically tired. This unplanned trip to the snowfield gave me two unexpected 15. The first was that we can 16 from spending quality time with ou

43、r loved ones. The second was that a(n) 17in our environment, even for a short time, can provide us with the opportunity to look at something in a 18way and come out with a resolution. I look forward to my next19 event and many more opportunities to spend quality time with those who are important to

44、me and make my life more 20. 【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者从一次计划外的、送儿子和朋友去雪场的旅行中有了意外收获的故事。1. A. change B. follow C. pass D. start【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。句意: 然而, 他们的车无法启动。change改变; follow跟随; pass通过; start启动。根据下文“so I offered to _them out by taking them there in my car. ”可知, 作者开车送他们去雪场。因此可知, 此处指他们的车无法启动。2. A. helpB. m

45、akeC. pickD. let【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意: 因此, 我提出帮助他们, 开车送他们过去。help帮助; make制作; pick挑选; let让。由“by taking them there in my car”可知, 作者提出要帮助他们。3. A. BecauseB. BeforeC. ThoughD. If【解析】选C。考查连词词义辨析。句意: 尽管我很乐意去这次旅行, 但我认为, 在一天之内行驶如此长的一段旅途, 是令人疲惫的。Because因为; Before在之前; Though尽管; If如果。由关键词“happy”和“tiring”可知, 此处表示让步。

46、4. A. freeB. longC. terribleD. lonely【解析】选B。考查形容词词义辨析。句意: 尽管我很乐意去这次旅行, 但我认为, 在一天之内行驶如此长的一段旅途, 是令人疲惫的。free自由的; long长的; terrible糟糕的; lonely孤独的。由上文“A round trip was 900 kilometers and it would take 10 hours to finish it. ”可知, 这是一段很长的旅途。5. A. recoverB. escapeC. relaxD. quit【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。recover恢复健康; e

47、scape逃离; relax放松; quit离开。由上文可知, 作者不想太过劳累; especially意为“尤其”, 可知前后意义相反, 因此此处应该表示作者想要放松。6. A. lookedB. referredC. walkedD. drove【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。句意: 那天早上, 当我们开车去雪场的时候, Simon和我谈天说地。looked看; referred提到; walked走路; drove驾驶。由上文可知, 我们是开车去的。7. A. naturalB. greatC. hardD. strange【解析】选B。考查形容词词义辨析。句意: 我发现和他在一起的这段

48、时间感觉很不错, 因为我们几乎没有一起待过连续五个小时。natural 自然的; great 极好的; hard 坚固的; strange奇怪的。由上文“Simon and I talked about everything under the sun”可知, 作者和Simon很聊得来, 因此应该是极好的。8. A. weekendsB. weeksC. daysD. hours【解析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。weekends周末; weeks周; days天; hours小时。由上文“it would take 10 hours to finish it. ”和本句关键词“hardly”可知

49、, 之前我们的相处几乎是没有连续着几个小时的。9. A. returnB. sightseeingC. groupD. family【解析】选A。考查名词词义辨析。句意: 当我返程回家的时候, 没有他们在车上, 我有一种奇怪的孤独感。return回来; sightseeing观光; group组; family家人。由“back home”可知是返程。10. A. achievementB. prideC. regretD. loneliness【解析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。achievement成就; pride骄傲; regret后悔; loneliness孤独。由“without th

50、em in my car, so I spent the next five hours listening to my favorite CDs”可知, 作者是感到孤独。11. A. dealt withB. thought ofC. came acrossD. worked out【解析】选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意: 因此, 我在接下来的5个小时里听了我最爱的唱片, 思考我工作上的问题和如何解决它们。dealt with处理; thought of考虑; came across碰到; worked out解决。由下文“how they should be _”可知, 此处是思考问题。12

51、. A. createdB. solvedC. assessedD. accepted【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。created创造; solved解决; assessed评定; accepted接受。由关键词“issues”可知, 应该是解决。13. A. examinedB. hurriedC. reachedD. cleaned【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意: 在我到家的时候, 对于我下周要处理的一个重要的问题, 我已经想到了计划。examined检查; hurried赶快; reached到达; cleaned打扫。上文提到我在返程途中, 此空后跟名词“home”可知, 是作

52、者到家了。14. A. SurprisinglyB. GenerallyC. ProbablyD. Gradually【解析】选A。考查副词词义辨析。句意: 令人惊讶的是, 在我长途旅行回家后, 我神清气爽, 尽管我身体很累。Surprisingly 出人意外地; Generally普遍地; Probably可能; Gradually逐步地。上文说到长途旅行是令人疲惫的。由下文“after my long trip home I was refreshed”可知, 此处是令人惊讶地。15. A. casesB. relationsC. choicesD. lessons【解析】选D。考查名词词

53、义辨析。句意: 这次计划外的雪场之旅给我上了两节意想不到的课。cases事例; relations联系; choices选择; lessons课。由下文作者谈到的通过这次旅途的两个收获可知, 此处是雪场之旅给作者上了两节课。16. A. benefitB. resultC. sufferD. keep【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意: 我们可以从和自己所爱的人好好交谈中受益良多。benefit使受益; result 导致; suffer受苦; keep保持。由“spending quality time with our loved ones”可知, 是从中受益的。17. A. event

54、B. changeC. visitD. attitude【解析】选B。考查名词词义辨析。句意: 第二个是我们环境中的一个改变, 即使是短时的也能够给我们提供机会, 使我们能从不同的角度去看某些事, 然后想出一个解决办法。event事件; change改变; visit参观; attitude态度。由上文可知, 这次旅行是作者计划外的, 因此是环境的一个改变。18. A. abstractB. mysteriousC. predictableD. different【解析】选D。考查形容词词义辨析。abstract抽象的; mysterious神秘的; predictable可预见的; diff

55、erent不同的。上文提到环境的变化, 因此应该提供了不同的角度看待某些事。19. A. unexpectedB. incredibleC. predictableD. specific【解析】选A。考查形容词词义辨析。句意: 我期待下一次意想不到的事件, 期待更多和那些对我来说重要的和使我的人生更加有意义的人, 好好交谈的机会。unexpected意想不到的; incredible难以置信的; predictable可预见的; specific明确的。由上文可知作者从这次计划外的旅行有了意想不到的收获, 根据“next”可知, 此处表示期待下次意外的事件的发生。20. A. personalB. familiarC. rewardingD. social【解析】选C。考查形容词词义辨析。personal个人的; familiar熟悉的; rewarding有意义的; social社会的。句中and是连词, 由“who are important to me”可知, 此处和“重要的”为近义词。