2021高三统考外研英语一轮（经典版）学案：BOOK 4　MODULE 6　UNEXPLAINED MYSTERIES OF THE NATURAL WORLD WORD版含解析.doc

1、 Book 4Module 6Unexplained Mysteries of the Natural World1Scientists claimed to_have_made_a_major_breakthrough in the fight against cancer.科学家们声称在攻克癌症方面取得了重大突破。2There_have_been more than 100 million references to the word “monster” on social media since early September.从九月初开始，社会媒体就有一亿多次提到“怪物”这个词。3Th

2、ere is a rock which_can_tell_time with the height of 348 meters, lying_in_a_desert in the middle of Australia.有一块会识别时间的高达348米的岩石位于澳大利亚中部的沙漠里。4What_makes_people_puzzled is that its colour can alter regularly in a day.使人们困惑的是它的颜色可以在一天内有规律地改变。自主排查 夯基固本核心单词(1)attack (vt.) 袭击；攻击 (n.) 攻击；进攻；病情发作(2)frighte

3、ning (adj.) 吓人的frighten (vt.) 使害怕frightened (adj.) 害怕的；惊吓的；受惊的fright (n.) 惊吓；恐怖(3)exist (vi.) 存在existence (n.) 存在(4)sharp (adj.) 锋利的；尖的sharpen (vt.) 使锋利；削尖(5)calm (adj.) 平静的；镇静的 (vt.) 使平静；使镇定(6)sceptical (adj.) 怀疑的；不相信的(7)unlikely (adj.) 不可能的likely (反义词) (adj.) 可能的(8)adapt (vi.) 适应；适合adaptation (n.)

4、 适应；改编；改写(9)disappear (vi.) 不见；消失appear (反义词) (vi.) 出现(10)extinct (adj.) 绝种的；消亡了的extinction (n.) 消失；灭绝(11)destruction (n.) 毁坏destructive (adj.) 破坏性的；毁坏的destruct (v.) 破坏(12)reputation (n.) 名誉；名声(13)indicate (vt.) 象征；暗示indication (n.) 指示；象征(14)identity (n.) 身份；特性identify (vt.) 确定；辨别(15)fortune (n.) 运气

5、；命运；财富fortunate (adj.) 幸运的fortunately (adv.) 幸运地阅读单词(1)monster (n.) 怪物(2)footprint (n.) 足迹；脚印(3)creature (n.) 动物；生物(4)journal (n.) 杂志；学报；期刊(5)sighting (n.) (珍奇动物等的)目击；发现sight (n.) 视力；景象(6)mysterious (adj.) 神秘的mystery (n.) 神秘(7)surface (n.) 表面；水面(8)dive (vi.) 潜水(9)volcanic (adj.) 火山的volcano (n.) 火山(1

6、0)cover (vt.) 占地(多大面积)；完成；覆盖 (n.) 封面；(云层的)遮盖(11)evolve (vi.) 进化；演变evolution (n.) 进化；演变(12)fierce (adj.) 凶猛的；残暴的(13)generous (adj.) 有雅量的；大方的；心地高尚的generously (adv.) 有雅量地；大方地；心地高尚地(14)unpredictable (adj.) 变化莫测的predict (vt.) 预言；预测prediction (n.) 预言；预测(15)border (n.) 边境；国界(16)positive (adj.) 正面的单句语法填空1.A

7、 woman was _(attack) and robbed by a gang of youths.答案：attacked2He left _ (footprint) behind him on the sand.答案：footprints3He was _ (frighten) at the thought of his huge debts.答案：frightened4There are many _ (mystery) stories about the Egyptian pyramids.答案：mysterious5The _ (creature) of the sea provi

8、de us with rich resources.答案：creatures6A red sky at night _ (indicate) fine weather the following day.答案：indicates7The simple plan _ (evolve) into a complex scheme.答案：evolved8The earthquake happened suddenly and caused many deaths and much _ (destruct)答案：destruction9Supporters have _ (generous) give

9、n us three thousand pounds. 答案：generously10We are _ (fortune) in living in such a big and modern city.答案：fortunate1前缀sur构成的词汇集锦surface 表面surcharge 附加费surmount克服，解决surpass 超过，胜过surplus多余的surrealism超现实主义2ly结尾的形容词小结unlikely不可能的deadly 极端的；致命的friendly 友好的daily日常的lively活泼的lonely孤单的1stick_out 突出；伸出2be_unli

10、kely_to 不可能3be_sceptical_about 对表示怀疑4be_related_to 与有关联5adapt_to 适应6die out 灭绝7cut off 切断；使隔绝8throw light on 帮助弄清楚；阐明某事9come straight to the point 谈正题；开门见山10due to 由于；因造成选词填空cut off, be related to, due to, throw light on, die out, adapt to1The village was _ by flooding from the outside world four we

11、eks ago.答案：cut off2His failure was _ his carelessness.答案：due to3Only those species that were able to _ the sudden great changes of their living conditions could survive.答案：adapt to4He suffers from memory loss that _ his disease.答案：is related to5Your statement does not _ the subject.答案：throw light on

12、6The wild population of koalas is in danger of _.答案：dying out1表示“原因”的短语集锦due to as a result ofbecause ofon account of owing tothanks to2point的短语集锦come straight to the point 谈正题；开门见山point to 指向point at 指着on the point 即将的时候to the point 中肯，扼要3带light的短语知多少throw light on 帮助弄清楚，阐明某事bring sth. to light 揭露，

13、披露某事 in the light of 考虑到 light up 喜形于色，喜气洋洋课文原句句式梳理仿写训练Other members of the royal family were allowed to wear dragon symbols, too, but with fewer claws and of a different colour.(P59)皇室的其他成员可以穿带有龙图案的袍子，但龙的爪子少一些并且颜色也不同。“beof名词”结构，表示主语的类别或属性。A harmonious family _ (对是有益的) a childs personal development.

14、答案：is of benefit to直击重点 突破考点1.attackvt.袭击；攻击；(疾病)侵袭n攻击；进攻；病情发作(P51) (1)单句语法填空The school has come _ attack for failing to encourage bright pupils. The man even attacked the policeman _ a knife.答案：underwith(2)单句改错He was attacked by having put his signature on the deal._You say they will launch an atta

15、ck to us? Let them! _答案：byfortoagainst(3)单句写作In fact, women are less likely to have high blood pressure or to die from _.事实上，女性患高血压或死于心脏病发作的可能性更小。Enemy forces have _ on the city.敌军已对这座城市发起了进攻。We have taken measures to safeguard out city from _. 我们已采取措施保卫城市免遭空袭。答案：heart attackmade an attackair attack

16、 (1)attack sb. with sth.用某物攻击某人attack sb. for sth.由于某事而责难某人(2)under attack 受到攻击heart attack 心脏病发作air attack 空袭launch/make an attack on/against 对发动进攻/抨击2.existvi.存在；生存；生活(P51) (1)单句语法填空We have brought forward the _ (exist) problem in the research. Few of these monkeys still exist _ the wild.答案：existe

17、nt/existingin(2)单句改错I was not aware of his exist until today._Do you believe the existence of ghosts? Perhaps they are only exist in the mind of some people._答案：existexistence去掉are(3)单句写作They cant _ the money hes earning.他们靠他挣的那点钱无法维持生活。_ an obvious conflict between the accounts of the witnesses, so

18、 a judgement was not announced in court.目击证人的证词存在明显的分歧，所以判决没有当庭被宣判。Scientists have many theories about how the universe first _.关于宇宙的起源，科学家有多种理论。答案：exist onThere existedcame into existence (1)exist onlive on 靠生存/生活exist in 存在于There exist(s) . 有(2)existence n. 存在；生存come into existence 出现；产生in existen

19、ce 存在；现有；现存的；现有的(3)existent/existing adj.存在的；现有的特别提醒exist是不及物动词，不能用于被动语态和进行时。3.claimvt.& n声称；主张；认领；索赔(P52) (1)单句语法填空I have never claimed _ (be) an expert in this field.The car driver claimed damages _ the other driver, who had caused the accident.答案：to befrom(2)单句改错You may make a claim on the firm o

20、f the damages. _Mary made a claim in the pencil. _答案：offorinto(3)单句写作_ some doctors were working 80 hours a week.据说有些医生每周工作80小时。She _ the company for the injury she had suffered.她因受伤向公司要求获得损害赔偿金。答案：It was claimed thatclaimed damages from (1)claim to do sth./that . 声称/主张做It is claimed that . 有人主张；据说c

21、laim sth. from . 向索要某物(2)make a claim for sth. 提出的要求make a claim to sth. 认领某物；提出要得到某物4.adaptvi. 适应；适合；改编；改写(P55) (1)单句语法填空The world will be different, and we will have to be prepared to adapt _ the change.Mike, Mary and I had a discussion about the _ (adapt) of the classic literature yesterday.答案：to

22、adaptation(2)单句改错He made good adaptation of his new school._This musical play was based on a adaptation of a famous book. _答案：ofto第一个aan(3)单句写作I had difficulty _ life in the city.我难以适应城市生活。These teaching materials can _ older children.这些教学材料可以改编一下供大龄孩子使用。The TV series The legend of Zhen Huan _ the n

23、ovel with the same name.电视剧甄嬛传改编自同名小说。答案：adapting (myself) tobe adapted foris adapted from (1)adapt to 适应adapt oneself to 使自己适应be adapted for . 为改编；被改编成be adapted from 根据改编(2)adaptation n. 适应；改编本，改写本make good adaptation to 很适应an adaptation of . 的改写本(3)adaptable adj.能适应的特别提醒(1)adapt toadapt oneself t

24、o，其中to为介词，后接名词、代词、动名词以及what引导的从句等。(2)注意adapt与adopt在拼写和意思上的差别。adopt是“采纳；收养”的意思。1.die out 灭绝；消失(P56) (1)单句语法填空When birds began to die _， people began to criticize the use of chemical pesticides.The fire in the forest is dying _. 答案：offdown(2)单句改错She was die for a break having worked so hard for so lon

25、g a time. _I know youre dying to hearing all about my life here. _答案：diedyinghearinghear(3)单句写作The old traditions are _.旧传统正在逐渐消失。Dont worry; the gossip will soon _.别担心，流言蜚语不久就会平息的。After hours of working in the hot sun, the men were _ a cold beer.在炎热的太阳下工作数小时后，那些人极想喝上一杯冰啤酒。答案：dying outdie downdying

26、for (1)die of/from 死于die off 相继死去；先后死去die away (声音、风、光线或感情等)慢慢变弱；逐渐消失die down (火、风暴、疼痛等)逐渐变弱；逐渐平息(2)die for . 为而死be dying for sth./to do sth. 极想要某物/渴望做某事2.due to 由于；因造成；应给予；预期做(P59) (1)单句语法填空The plane arrived one hour late due _ the heavy fog.答案：to(2)单句改错He is due to making a speech on the economy n

27、ext week._答案：makingmake(3)单句写作Rose _ school in January.罗斯一月份就要开始上学了。The car _ its annual service again.这辆汽车又该做年度保养了。答案：is due to startis due fordue adj. 应得的；正当的；应付的；预定的be due to sb. 应付给某人；应支付给某人be due for sth. 预定做某事；应得到某物be due to do sth. 预计做某事特别提醒当due to意为“由于；因造成；应给予”时，其中的to是介词；当due to意为“即将/预期做”时，t

28、o为不定式符号。另外，还要注意due是形容词。1.教材原句He claims to have seen a round black creature moving quickly through the water.他声称看见一个黑黑的、圆圆的动物在水中快速游动。(P52) (1)单句语法填空The police staked out the hotel where the two terrorists were reported _ (stay). He claimed _ (defeat) by his competitors.答案：to be stayingto have been de

29、feated(2)单句写作_ ourselves from the physical and mental tensions, we each need deep thought and inner quietness.为了让我们从身体和精神的紧张中放松下来，我们每人都需要深入的思考和内心的平静。Were having a meeting in half an hour. The decision will influence the future of our company.半小时后我们将开个会。会上将要作出的决定将会影响我们公司的未来。Im terribly sorry _ you th

30、rough so much trouble.我非常抱歉，让你经受了这么多麻烦。答案：To freeto be madeto have put不定式的三种形式动词不定式的一般式to do；to be done表示不定式的动作与谓语动作同一时间发生或发生在谓语动作之后动词不定式的进行式to be doing表示不定式的动作与谓语动作同一时间发生，并且动作正在进行动词不定式的完成式to have done；to have beendone表示不定式的动作发生在句子谓语动作之前2.教材原句The dinosaurs may have stopped evolving, and been unable

31、to adapt to changes in the climate.恐龙可能已经停止进化，无法适应气候的变化。(P57) (1)单句语法填空It _ (rain) last night, for the ground is quite muddy.Yesterday I _ (come) to help you, but I was too busy.答案：must have rainedshould have come(2)单句改错He neednt water the flowers, but he needed to do something to kill time._He coul

32、d pass the driving test at the first attempt, but he was too nervous._答案：waterhave wateredpasshave passed(3)单句写作I think the window _ John.我认为这窗户或许是约翰打碎的。They _ so early. Look, the manager is losing his temper.他们不应该走那么早，瞧，经理正在发火。答案：may/might have been broken byshouldnt have left (1)may/might have don

33、e 表示对已经发生的事情不太肯定的推测，意为“可能已经，或许已经做了某事”。might的语气比may稍弱。(2)must have done表示对已经发生过的事情较为有把握的推测，意为“肯定已经，想必已经做了某事”。(3)can/could have done 是对过去的推理，用于否定句、疑问句中，表示对发生行为的惊奇、怀疑或不肯定；could的语气较委婉，在肯定句中，一般用could，不用can。(4)should/ought to have done意为“本来应该做某事”，指本该做而实际未做的事情。(5)neednt have done指实际上做了本不必要做的事，意为“本来不必做某事”。课

34、文回练 升华运用The “Monster of Lake Tianchi” in the Changbai Mountains in Jilin Province, northeast China, is back in the news after several recent _1_ (sighting). The director of a local tourist office, Meng Fanying, said the monster seemed to be black in colour._2_ no one really got a clear look at the m

35、ysterious creature, Xue Junlin, a local photographer, claimed that _3_ (it) head looked like a horse. A third report came from Li Xiaohe, _4_ was visiting the lake with his family. He claims _5_ (see) a round black creature _6_ (move) quickly through the water. Mr Li Xiaohe said that he and his fami

36、ly were able to see the monster _7_ (clear) because the weather was fine and the lake was calm. There _8_ (be) reports of monsters in Lake Tianchi since the _9_ (begin) of the last century. Some photos have been taken but they are not clear because it was too far away. Many people think that there m

37、ight be similar creatures in other lakes around the world. Scientists, however, are sceptical. They say that the lowtemperature lake is unlikely to be able _10_ (support) such large living creatures. 1_2._3._4._5._6._7._8._9._10._答案：1.sightings2.Although3.its4.who5.to have seen6.moving7.clearly8.have been9.beginning10.to support