2022-2023学年高一英语单元话题写作整理与新高考之衔接（外研版2019）专题 05 UNIT 5 INTO THE WILD 环境保护之人与动植物 WORD版含解析.doc

1、专题 05 Unit5 Into the wild-环境保护 Part 1 单元话题写作词块背诵 1develop renewable resources 发展可再生资源 2deal with rubbish properly 正确处理垃圾 3improve ones living conditions 改善居住条件 4in the long term 从长远来看 5start out small 从小事做起 6have a considerable effect on 对有极大的影响 7expand abroad 对外扩张 8achieve the highest growth 实现最大化发

2、展 9intercultural communication 跨文化交流 10rich cultural blend 丰富多彩的文化交融 11unity and diversity 统一性和多样性 12foreign policy 外交政策 13eco-friendly products 环保产品 14international relations 国际关系 15foreign affairs 外交事务 16environmentally friendly 环保的 17at home and abroad 国内外 18with the arrival of globalization of e

3、conomy 随着全球化经济的到来 Contents Part1 单元话题写作词块背诵 Part 2 单元话题写作必备句式 Part 3 单元话题写作模板与经典例题赏析 Part 4 单元话题写作精练 Part 5 单元话题写作话题拓展 19under the influence of the trend of globalization 在全球化大潮的影响下 20enhance/raise public awareness of environmental protection 加强/提高公众的环保意识 1global warming 全球变暖 2solar energy 太阳能 3deal

4、 with rubbish properly 正确处理垃圾 4do great harm to our daily life 对我们的日常生活非常有害 5raise ones environmental awareness 提高环保意识 6make proper use of water resources 合理利用水资源 7save and treasure our resources 节约并珍惜我们的资源 8keep the balance of nature 保持生态平衡 9pay close attention to 密切注意 10make an effort to do sth.努力

5、做某事 11take action/steps/measures to do sth.采取措施做某事 12prevent.from.阻止 13take responsibility for/be responsible for.对负责任 14call on/appeal to sb.to do sth.号召/呼吁某人做某事 15have an effect/influence on.对产生影响 16recycle textbooks 回收利用课本 17ban the abuse of plastic bags 禁止滥用塑料袋 18protect the surroundings 保护周围环境

6、Part 2 元话题写作必备句式 1It is high time for us to take measures to protect the environment.到了我们应该采取措施来保护环境的时候了。2In todays world,many species become extinct or are threatened with extinction because of humans.在当今世界中，许多物种灭绝了或者因为人类而面临灭绝的危险。3It takes many years to grow a tree but a day to cut it down.砍树容易种树难。

7、4Better living conditions can really be reached on condition that the environment is well protected.只有保护好环境，才能真正拥有更好的生活条件。5The terrible pollution has done great harm to us as well as to the surroundings.可怕的污染已经给我们自己还有我们的环境带来了很大的危害。6Globalization makes the world smaller like a village where villagers

8、 have more opportunities to admire the beauty of other cultures.全球化促成了地球村，让人们有更多的机会欣赏不同的文化之美。1One day,if all animals disappear,the world we live in will come to an end.有一天，如果所有的动物都消失了，我们赖以生存的世界也就终结了。2With the number of cars increasing fast in our city,our environment is getting increasingly worse.在我

9、们的城市，随着汽车数量的快速增长，我们的环境正急剧恶化。3Accordingly/Consequently,it is not difficult to draw the conclusion that people are more and more aware of the importance of the protection of the environment.因此，不难得出结论：人们越来越意识到环境保护的重要性了。4How important and necessary for us to keep the balance of nature and protect the en

10、vironment!对于我们来说，保持生态平衡、保护环境是多么重要和必要啊！5All animals and plants are important,because each species contributes to the variety of life forms on the earth and plays an important role in maintaining life.所有动植物都是重要的，因为每一物种都有助于地球上生物种类的多样性，而且对维持生命起到了重要的作用。Part 3 单元话题写作经典例题赏析 1）应用文 经典例题 假设你是李华，请根据以下内容给中国野生动物

11、保护协会 CWCA（China Wildlife Conservation Association）的会长写一封 80 词左右的建议信。背景：藏羚羊（Tibetan antelopes）是国家一级保护动物。建议：1.加大对藏羚羊保护的宣传（publicize）力度；2.增加保护资金；3.派出一些志愿者协助保护藏羚羊。【答案】One possible version:Dear President,Im writing to give some suggestions to further protect the Tibetan antelopes.As we all know,Tibetan a

12、ntelopes are national first-class protected animals.So we must find varieties of solutions and take immediate measures to protect them.Firstly,we should concentrate on publicizing the importance of protecting the Tibetan antelopes.Furthermore,charities should be founded to provide funds for their su

13、rvival.Last but not least,I suggest that some volunteers including professors and scientists should be sent there so that they can help protect the Tibetan antelopes.Looking forward to your reply.Yours,Li Hua 2）读后续写 经典例题 Chito Shedden was a simple fisherman and tour guide from Siquirres,Limon Provin

14、ce,Costa Rica.He had a broad range of interesting facts about nature,which helped his business quite a bit.The year was 1989,and Chito was walking along the bank of the Reventazon River when he happened upon something very strange.There was a dying male crocodile.When he stepped up to investigate th

15、e skinny reptile,he realized it had been shot through the head and the left eye.He knew,dangerous as it was,he couldnt leave the poor animal there,alone and helpless.Chito acted quickly,calling for the help of several brave friends to load the heavy reptile into his boat.He knew that if he could hea

16、l it,he would then release it back into the wild.He named the huge reptile“Pocho”,which means strength,and began to care for him in his own backyard.The kind and helpful fisherman started to heal Pocho with medicine,food,and,more importantly,lots of care and attention.Chito fed the crocodile a stead

17、y diet of chicken and fish.He bought medicine to prevent infection and even slept by his side at night.Affection was one of the most important factors.Chito gave him kisses and hugs;he talked to him and petted him.“The crocodile needed my love to regain the will to live,”he said.In time,Pocho improv

18、ed enough to return to normal health.It was time for him to return to his own river in the wild.Chito and his friends loaded the crocodile back into his boat and released him in a nearby river.The two parted ways and Chito returned home alone.Paragraph 1:Chito awoke the next morning and walked outsi

19、de._ Paragraph 2:Pocho had bonded with his savior._【答案】Paragraph 1:Chito awoke the next morning and walked outside.He found Pocho sleeping near the gate.The croeodile had swum down the river and followed him home.It seemed to Chito that Pocho had made his choice;he wanted to live with the man who ha

20、d saved his life.Pocho was moved into the lake near Chitos house,and as time went on,the two grew even closer.Paragraph 2:Pocho had bonded with his savior.He had become a member of the family.Their long time of staying together,along with the food and friendship that Chito had provided him,they all

21、added up to a strange bond between them.Chito worked with Pocho for a few years before he started to become more playful.It was a slow,difficult process and it all started with Pocho getting used to being called by name and responding to Chitos touches.Part 4 单元话题写作精练 3）应用文 Writing 1 我校将以如何保护野生动物为主题

22、，举办英语征文比赛，请你写一篇短文投稿。内容包括：1.保护野生动物的重要性；2.如何保护野生动物；3.保护野生动物的倡议。How can we protect wild animals?_【答案】参考范文 How can we protect wild animals?Wild animals are a gift to us by Mother Nature.They should be cared for and protected from adverse environmental changes.There are many measures we can take to prote

23、ct them.First of all,we should reject buying animal-made things because when the buying stops,the killing can,too.Secondly,we need to raise peoples awareness of wildlife protection.Only when people know the importance of protecting wildlife and then take active part in this cause can wildlife be bet

24、ter protected.Moreover,setting up more natural reserves is also a good solution to this problem.In this way,wildlife can be safe from illegal hunting and habitat loss,which may help sustain the balance of the ecosystem.To protect wild animals is to protect ourselves.Lets put it into action!Writing 2

25、 你校正在举行以“人类与动物和谐相处”为主题的英语征文比赛，请你以“My Favorite Animal”为题目写一篇文章并参加比赛。内容包括：1.介绍你最喜欢的动物；2.喜欢它的原因。注意：1.词数 80 左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。_【答案】My favorite Animal My favorite animal is a dog,whose name is Pang Dun.She is covered with long,curly brown hair and looks like a Teddy Bear.She is cute and can do a few tr

26、icks.Now we have been living together for three years and she has become part of my family.Every day when I come home,she always jumps up to me happily,with her eyes opening wide and her tail wagging.She is my faithful listener.As time goes by,the relationship between us has become closer and closer

27、.Therefore,I think of her as an important member in my family.I really enjoy her company.Writing 3 某英文报社举办关于野生动植物保护的征文，请你以 Wildlife Protection 为题写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：1.现状及主要原因 2.应该采取的措施（请至少写出两个）3.结尾 注意：词数 100 字左右 _【答案】As is often read in the newspaper reports,wild life especially the rare species is threate

28、ned with extinction.Human beings are making attempts to hunt wild animals for a big profit.So it is high time for us to take quick action to protect them.For goverment,pollution standards are made to keep down poisons;killing off certain rare species is prohibited;national parks should be set up as

29、wild life reserves.As a student,we should also protect animals in our daily life.When we see a stray cat or a stray dog,wed better give it some food as sometimes it is difficult for it to find food and it need something to fill its empty stomach,and what you afford is in great need.Only if we human

30、beings show our love to them can animals be preserved.4）读后续写 Writing 1 On his way home,Jonathon saw a gray,long-haired cat sitting on the sidewalk.As he stopped to pet her,he noticed that she was not wearing a collar.She rubbed her head against his hand and began to purr(发呼噜声).She reminded Jonathon

31、of Smoky,the cat he had when he was younger.Smokys fur had been long and gray too.Jonathon petted the cat for a while.Then he said,“I have to go,”and continued home.To his surprise,the cat followed him.When Jonathon was home,he walked up the porch steps and went in the kitchen.The cat followed him u

32、p the steps and sat quietly outside the door,watching him closely.Jonathon made a sandwich.The cat continued to stare at him.Jonathon sighed.“I know its not a good idea to feed a stray cat,”he said,“but you look so hungry!I cant sit here and eat without feeding you too!”Jonathon put some turkey on a

33、 plate for the cat.As Jonathon watched,she ate every scrap of turkey and then began to clean her face and paws.“Wow!”Jonathon said,“You must have been starving.I wonder how long it has been since someone fed you.”Jonathon finished his sandwich and looked at the cat.Her long fur was matted(乱蓬蓬的).Jona

34、thon remembered that Smokys brush and toys were stored in the garage.“Im going to clean you up a little,”Jonathon said to the cat.Jonathon found Smokys brush and got to work.As the dirt came out,the cats fur began to get lighter.“Hey!”Jonathon said,realizing the truth.“Youre not grayyoure white!”Aft

35、er her brushing,the cat climbed onto Jonathons lap and purred.“Youre so friendly,you probably belong to someone,”Jonathon said.“I bet youre just lost.”When Jonathons father came home,Jonathon showed him the cat that had stretched out in a patch of sun on the porch.“Why dont you make some signs to pl

36、ace in the neighborhood,”his father suggested.注意：1.续写字数应为 150 左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。His father said that if no one called about the cat after a week,Jonathon could keep her._“Okay,”Jonathons father finally said,“I think youve waited long enough.”_【答案】Possible version His father said that if no one

37、called about the cat after a week,Jonathon could keep her.Jonathon made some signs that read“Cat Found”and hung them around his neighborhood.He could not help crossing his fingers,though.On one hand,he knew it was right to give the cat back to its owner;on the other hand,he did like the cat very muc

38、h and wanted to adopt it.Jonathon fed and brushed her every day,and he and the cat became inseparable.The week crawled by and no one called to claim the cat.“Okay,”Jonathons father finally said,“I think youve waited long enough.”“You mean I can keep the cat?”Jonathon was wild with joy.His father gav

39、e a nod and said,“Why dont you name the cat?That will make her a member of the family.”Thinking it over and over again,Jonathon decided to call the cat Snowy because she was as white as snow.Although Snowy and Smoky were different in many ways,they had one thing in common:love and company.Writing 2

40、I was twenty when living away from home alone.I kept a gentle dog named Beaufort who weighed more than me and had a mouthful of sharp teeth.I felt safe going anywhere with Beaufort.In order to be free to walk Beaufort in the park during daytime,I worked the four-to-midnight shift in downtown.The onl

41、y disadvantage was that I had to ride the last subway home late at night.As time passed,I developed a way to keep to myself like other passengersavoiding eye contact and keeping reading while I rode.One night,the station was quiet as usual.I walked over to the collectors booth(售票亭)and pulled out a d

42、ollar.“One token(乘车币),please.”As the collector slid the token and my change under the window,he spoke,“Would you like a dog?”I looked at him in surprise,not sure whether I had heard him correctly.“Would you like a dog?”he repeated.He picked up a little dog and set it on the counter.I bent over and i

43、t was only then that I saw the subject of his inquiry.The dog appeared to be trembling(颤抖).I was surprised.“Whered it come from?”I asked.“She showed up this morning and has been here ever since.No one has come for her.Ive asked everyone coming here if he wanted her.Nobody would take her.”“What about

44、 you?”He smiled,“Me?No.My wife would be angry.”I couldnt take my eyes off the dog.The collector continued:“If you dont take her,Ill have to let her go when I leave.”I couldnt believe it!He explained that it was almost closing time,he couldnt leave her in the booth,neither could he bring her home.I,i

45、n other words,was the dogs last hope.“Okay,I will take her.Id name her Phyllis”.With excitement,the collector walked out of the booth and handed me my new pet.“Thank you so much.”注意：1.续写词数应为 150 左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。When we stepped into the train all the passengers turned to look at us._ Arriving

46、home,we found Beaufort at the regular corner._【答案】When we stepped into the train all the passengers turned to look at us.They looked at me and the little dog in my arms with surprise and doubt.The little dog seemed afraid and trembled slightly in my arms.I patted her on the head to appease her.A wom

47、an sitting next to me smiled and said to me,“Your dog is really cute.”I smiled back at the woman.The woman touched the little dog with her hand.The dog seemed to feel warm and barked softly.The atmosphere in the carriage became lively.Arriving home,we found Beaufort at the regular corner.When he not

48、iced the little dog in my arms,he ran towards me quickly and barked loudly.I put down the little dog.Beaufort ran around the little dog,and then sat next to her quietly,licking her body with his tongue.They seemed to communicate with each other in this way.Then,the two dogs ran away happily.From tha

49、t day on,I took Beaufort and Phyllis for a walk every day.Adopting Phyllis was the right decision,because Beaufort would no longer feel lonely.Writing 3 It was a day just like every other day.I woke up early in the morning and went to run on Mount Gracious with my dog,Bubbles.As I ran up the mountai

50、n,with my dog following close behind,I felt energetic and refreshed.Running in a natural environment never failed to make me feel alive.When I reached the top,I drank some water and enjoyed the beautiful sunrise.This scene always took my breath away,no matter how many times I had seen it.Having rest

51、ed enough,Bubbles and I made our way back down the mountain.As we were running downhill,I saw an unfamiliar path and decided to explore the area.The path was full of rocks.It was not easy to walk.Suddenly,I slipped on a muddy patch,rolling down five meters before I managed to grab hold of an exposed

52、 root of a huge tree.I was safe for now.However,I was seriously injured.My knees were badly hurt.My right foot was also dislocated(脱臼).I knew for sure I would be unable to make my way up or down the mountain without help.I called out to Bubbles and he barked loudly from above.It seemed like he under

53、stood that I needed help.He looked down at me pitifully before disappearing from sight.As night fell,panic(恐慌)set in and scary thoughts went through my mind.There were many things that I had got to do.I couldnt die!This would not have happened if I had stuck to my usual path.I was losing hope when I

54、 heard barking.It was Bubbles.I rubbed my eyes as I struggled to keep awake.But there was silence.Who could it be?Was I hallucinating(产生幻觉)?Then I heard some voices and more barking.Yes.Help was near,I knew.I could count on my dog to get help.注意：1续写词数应为 150 左右；2请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Soon,I heard my pare

55、nts calling my name._ Later,my parents told me what Bubbles had done to get help._【答案】One possible version:Soon,I heard my parents calling my name.So I began calling back.A moment later,I saw the light of a flashlight.Following my voice and with Bubbles leading the way,my parents finally found me.Th

56、ey looked nervous and worried.After learning I was badly hurt,my parents quickly climbed down to me.They examined my cuts and my foot and decided that I had better not walk.Then,my father carried me on his back,down the mountain and to the nearest clinic,where a doctor was waiting for us.Later,my pa

57、rents told me what Bubbles had done to get help.He quickly ran home and waited until my parents came home from work.He barked loudly at my parents.They were confused and thought the dog might be hungry at first.So they gave Bubbles some food,but he didnt stop harking.Suddenly,they realized I hadnt c

58、ome back home with Bubbles as usual and that I must have been in trouble.At that moment,Bubbles ran out and my parents followed him closely.Bubbles remembered the way and led my parents to the spot.Part 5 单元话题写作话题拓展 Passage 1 Two-time cancer survivor Tracy Pepper has developed an unlikely friendship

59、 with a beautiful butterfly,which she called Fluffy.Ms.Pepper found Fluffy in her garden struggling for life soon after birth.After feeding it on honey from a sunflower,Fluffy recovered but didnt regain the use of its wings and has remained with Ms.Pepper ever since.She has been recording the experi

60、ence on social media.In one post,she wrote,“Im the crazy butterfly lady!I just spent 3 hours playing with him,exercising him by walking him up and down my fingers and arms,feeding him and even giving him the feeling of flying!He sat on my hand and beat his wings as I moved my hand up and down preten

61、ding he was flying!”Ms.Pepper said it was sympathy and empathy that drove her.After battling against cancer twice and keeping herself busy with aid work in Africa,she fell into a“depression”last year.“When I found him helpless and unable to fly,I knew just how he felt.I went through burn-out last ye

62、ar.I wanted to give up I felt really lonely.”So she decided to help the insect,to which she has become attached.Ms.Pepper even advertised tickets of internationally-famous Cirque du Soleils act she had for sale because she thought staying at home to care for Fluffy was more important.Unfortunately,F

63、luffy wouldnt be around for long the lifespan of a butterfly ranges from two to six weeks.But she seemed to care little about it.She wrote on Facebook,“He has a wonderful life and when his time comes,he will die flat and happy and very very loved.”1What was the butterfly like when Ms.Pepper first sa

64、w it?AIt was dying.BIt was too old to fly.CIt was struggling against an enemy.DIt was feeding itself on honey from a sunflower.2Why did Ms.Pepper sell the tickets of Cirque du Soleils act?ABecause she lost interest in the act.BBecause she had to stay home to look after the butterfly.CBecause she was

65、 busy with aid work in Africa.DBecause she suffered from cancer twice and was too weak.3What was Ms.Peppers attitude towards the early death of the butterfly?AShe felt sorry about it.BShe remained calm about it.CShe was rather disappointed with it.DShe had some doubts about it.4Why did Ms.Pepper sav

66、e the butterfly and become friends with it?ABecause she was interested and curious.BBecause she loved small animals.CBecause she showed sympathy and understanding for it.DBecause she desired to get close to nature.【答案】1A2B3B4C【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章记录了癌症幸存者 Tracy Pepper 在花园救下了一只蝴蝶，在她照料下蝴蝶恢复了活力，并一直陪在她身边。1细节理

67、解题。通过文章第二段“Ms.Pepper found Fluffy in her garden struggling for life soon after birth.After feeding it on honey from a sunflower,Fluffy recovered but didnt regain the use of its wings and has remained with Ms.Pepper ever since.（Pepper 女士在自家花园发现这只破茧而出的蝴蝶时，它正为生存苦苦挣扎。在给它喂向日葵花蜜后，Fluffy 恢复了活力，但仍无法展翅飞翔，于是从

68、那时起便一直留在了 Pepper 女士身边。）”可知，当 Pepper 女士在自家花园见到这只蝴蝶时，它已奄奄一息。故选 A 项。2细节理解题。通过文章第六段“Ms.Pepper even advertised tickets of internationally-famous Cirque du Soleils act she had for sale because she thought staying at home to care for Fluffy was more important.（Pepper 女士甚至把她的去看国际著名的太阳马戏团演出的票登广告出售，因为她觉得待在家里照

69、顾 Fluffy 更重要。）”可知，Pepper 女士放弃去看国际著名马戏团的表演，目的是在家照顾受伤的蝴蝶 Fluffy。故选 B 项。3推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“But she seemed to care little about it.She wrote on Facebook,“He has a wonderful life and when his time comes,he will die flat and happy and very very loved.”（但她好像对此并不在意。她在 Facebook 上写道：“他活得十分精彩，当时候到了，它一定会带着爱平静快乐地离去

70、。”）”可推知，对于 Fluffy 的陪伴不会长久这个事实，Pepper 女士非常冷静。故选 B项。4推理判断题。根据文章第四段首句“Ms.Pepper said it was sympathy and empathy that drove her.（Pepper 女士说是同情和同感作用驱使她这样做的。）”可推知，Pepper 女士自己曾两次与癌症打交道，她会特别珍惜身边的生命。蝴蝶的处境让她想到了自己，出于怜悯和同病相怜的心理，Tracy救下这只折翼天使，并精心照料它，与它成为了朋友。故选 C 项。Passage 2 The largest land animal remaining on

71、the earth,the African elephant,is of much importance to the African ecosystem.Unlike other animals,the African elephant is to a great extent the builder of its environment.As a giant planteater,it significantly shapes the forestandsavanna surroundings in which it lives,therefore deciding the conditi

72、ons of existence for millions of other animals that live in its habitat.It is the elephants great desire for food that makes it both a disturber of the environment and an important builder of habitat.In its continuous search for the 300 pounds of plants it must have every day,it kills small trees an

73、d bushes,as well as pulls branches off big trees.This results in numerous open spaces in not only deep tropical forests but also the woodlands that cover part of the African savannas.In these open spaces,there are numerous plants in various stages of growth,which attract a variety of other planteate

74、rs.Take the rain forests for example.In their natural states,the spreading branches overhead shut out sunlight and prevent the growth of plants on the forest floor.By pulling down trees and eating plants,elephants create open spaces,allowing new plants to grow on the forest floor.In such situations,

75、the forests become suitable for largehoofed planteaters to move around and for smallsized planteaters to obtain their food as well.Scientists are worried now that the African elephant has become an endangered species.If the elephant dies out,scientists say,many other animals will also disappear from

76、 vast areas of forests and savannas,greatly changing and worsening the whole ecosystem.5It can be inferred from the passage that the African elephant _.Ais now the largest animal on the earth Bdetermines the living conditions of millions of other animals in its habitat Chas farreaching impacts on it

77、s habitat as a giant animaleater Dmakes great contributions to its environment like other animals 6The African elephant influences the ecosystem in the following ways except that _.Ait creates open areas in deep tropical forests as well as woodlands Bit pulls off the branches and leaves,shutting out

78、 the sunshine Cits eating habit can be made use of by largehoofed and smallsized animals Dit encourages the growth of some plants 7According to the passage,which of the following statements is true?ANumerous grown plants are the favorites of planteaters.BThe extinction of the African elephant has no

79、thing to do with the ecosystem.CQuantities of plants are consumed by African elephants,including branches and bushes.DThe forest floor in tropical forests is scarcely dotted with new shoots.8The passage is developed mainly by _.Apresenting the changes in time order Bmaking comparisons and giving exa

80、mples Cclassifying similarities and differences Dshowing the effect and then explaining the reasons 【答案】5B6B7C8D【解析】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了非洲象对非洲大草原生态系统的巨大影响。5推理判断题。根据文章第一段中第三句的“As a giant planteater,it significantly shapes the forestandsavanna surroundings in which it lives,therefore deciding the conditio

81、ns of existence for millions of other animals that live in its habitat”作为一种巨大的植食动物，它显著地塑造了它所生活的森林和热带草原环境，因此决定了生活在其栖息地的数百万其他动物的生存条件。可推知，非洲象作为巨大的食草动物，它决定着栖息地的许多其他动物的生活条件。故选 B 项。6细节理解题。根据第二段“This results in numerous open spaces in not only deep tropical forests but also the woodlands that cover part of

82、 the African savannas.”结果，不仅在热带森林深处，而且在覆盖了部分非洲稀树大草原的林地上，都出现了大量的开放空间。根据第三段“By pulling down trees and eating plants,elephants create open spaces,allowing new plants to grow on the forest floor.In such situations,the forests become suitable for largehoofed planteaters to move around and for smallsized

83、planteaters to obtain their food as well.”通过拽倒树木和吃掉植物，大象创造了开阔的空间，让新的植物在森林地面上生长。在这种情况下，森林变得适合大蹄植食动物四处走动，也适合小型植食动物获取食物。所以 A，C，D 都是大象对生态系统的影响。B 选项“它扯下树枝和树叶，遮住阳光”不是大象对生态系统的影响。故选 B 项。7细节理解题。根据第二段第二句中的“In its continuous search for the 300 pounds of plants it must have every day,it kills small trees and bushes,as well as pulls branches off big trees.”为了不断寻找它每天必须拥有的 300 磅的植物，它会杀死小树和灌木，同时也会从大树上扯下树枝。可知，大量的植物都被非洲象消耗掉了，包括树枝和灌木。故选 C 项。8推理判断题。全文的内容结构为：首段概括介绍非洲象对非洲大草原生态系统的巨大影响，第二、三段具体说明在哪方面，怎样影响了生态环境，第四段科学家对非洲象已成为濒危物种的担心呼应首段的内容。由此判断出短文是展示影响，然后解释原因来展开短文的。故选 D 项。