2022版新教材英语人教版选择性必修第三册学案：UNIT 1 ART SECTION Ⅱ LEARNING ABOUT LANGUAGE WORD版含解析.docx

1、Section Learning About Language（动词不定式作表语）情境创设语法精讲教材链接（1）（教材P2）Perhaps the best way to understand Western art is to look at the development of Western painting over the centuries.（2）（教材P2）During the Middle Ages, the purpose of Western art was to teach people about Christianity.（3）（教材P3）In this work,

2、Monets aim was to convey the light and movement in the scene-the subjective impression the scene gave him-but not a detailed record of the scene itself.（4）（教材P3）What they attempted to do was no longer show reality, but instead to ask the question, “What is art?”（5）（教材P8）From bronze bowls to ceramic

3、vases, and jade sculptures to ink wash paintings, our goal is to display the Chinese artistic genius from ancient times.观察上面句子，系动词is或was后的不定式在句中作表语。要点精析一、概述动词不定式（to+动词原形）是非谓语动词的一种形式，在句中不能单独作谓语，可以作除了谓语以外的其他句子成分，包括主语、宾语、表语、状语、定语、宾语补足语等，它不受主语人称和谓语动词时态变化的影响。（1）动词不定式的形式变化时态变化主动式被动式一般式to doto be done进行式to

4、 be doing/完成式to have doneto have been done完成进行式to have been doing/（2）动词不定式的否定形式：not to doShe persuaded me not to go to the dangerous area.她劝说我不要去那个危险的地方。二、不定式作表语的用法（1）当主语是以aim, suggestion, duty, way, hope, idea, intention, purpose, plan, ambition等为中心的名词词组或what 引导的名词性从句时，其后常用动词不定式作表语，说明主语的内容。Our plan

5、 is to make better use of these materials.我们的计划是更好地利用这些材料。What I want to suggest is to start work at once.我的建议是立刻开始工作。The best way to encourage your kids to enjoy meals is to involve them in the planning and preparing. 鼓励你的孩子们享受食物的最好方法是让他们参与计划和做饭的准备工作。（2）表示主语的具体内容、目的。The next step is to make sure th

6、at you know exactly what is required.下一步是确保你确切地知道你需要什么。（3）表示事态发展的结果、预期的结果、不幸的命运或预言。We believe humans are to live a better life in the future.我们相信人类在将来会过上更好的生活。（4）表示“同意、安排、命令、决定、劝告、意愿、禁止”等。According to the schedule, the research team is to set off for Shanghai next week. （安排）根据日程安排，研究小组将于下周出发去上海。You

7、are to have a face-to-face talk with them. （劝告）你应该和他们当面谈一谈。You must be patient and persistent if you are to succeed. （愿望）要想成功, 就必须有耐心，有毅力。三、动词不定式作表语时的特殊用法（1）当主语部分含有动词do的某种形式时, 作表语的不定式可省略to。What you ought to do now is be more patient and kinder to your children.你现在应该做的是对你的孩子更有耐心，更和善。In the evening, t

8、he only thing he did was read on the blog.晚上他做的唯一的事是浏览博客。（2）不定式短语 to let, to blame, to seek 等常用主动形式表示被动含义。The house is to let, and those who are interested can contact the landlord.这栋房子要出租，有意向的人可以联系房东。Who is to blame for the population decline of the tigers in that area?谁应该为那个地区老虎数量的下降负责任？四、不定式作表语和动

9、名词作表语的区别（1）表示具体的一次性的动作时常用不定式作表语，表示习惯性、经常性的动作时常用动名词作表语。My job is teaching. 我的工作是教书。My job is to teach you English this term. 我这学期的工作是教你们英语。（2）不定式和动名词作表语时，要注意与句子的主语在形式上保持一致。To learn a language is to use it. 学习一门语言就是为了使用它。Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。实战演练. 单句语法填空1.（2020全国新高考）The purpose of this race is to

10、 inspire （inspire） us students to pay more attention to physical exercise.2.（2020全国新高考）The objective of most speeches is to benefit （benefit） the audience.3.（2020 江苏）When twelve-year-old John Wilson walked into his chemistry class on a rainy day in 1931, he had no way of knowing that his life was to

11、 change （change）completely.4.My dream is to be admitted （admit） to a key university and make contributions to our society in the future.5.What I want to do is （to） express （express） my thanks to you for offering me the job, which gives me a chance to develop myself.6.The goal of education is to deve

12、lop （develop） a fine personality in children.7.My next work was to construct （construct） a nest and anchor it in a tree.8.（2019浙江）While the clip might look like part of a new ad campaign, Bridges said the only goal was to show （show） generosity and sympathy.9.The main purpose of this activity is to

13、let （let） more people understand the importance of learning Chinese.10.As is known to all, the first and best victory is to conquer （conquer） yourself. 完成句子1.周游世界就是为了领略不同的风景，欣赏不同的文化。（appreciate）To travel around the world is to enjoy different scenery and appreciate different cultures .2.教育的目的是培养对社会有

14、用的人才。（talent，定语从句）The purpose of education is to develop talents that are useful to society .3.他应该为所发生的事情负责。（sb. be to blame） He was to blame for what had happened.4.要是他们问我这个棘手的问题, 我该说什么呢？ What am I to say if they ask me the tough question?5.这次艰难的经历注定会改变他的人生。（change ones life）This challenging experi

15、ence is to change his life . 语法填空I have a close friend, whose ambition is 1. （work） in the computer industry when he grows up. The first thing he plans to do now is 2. （study） hard. But he has some difficulty in 3. （learn） English. So he turns to his consultant, whose duty is 4. （assist） students to

16、 solve the problems. The woman seems 5. （understand） him thoroughly. Her suggestion is that he 6. （do） more reading, which will benefit him a lot. Its no use 7. （say） without action. Following this suggestion, what he decides to do is 8. （search） for some reading materials and form a habit of 9. （re

17、ad）. Now everything seems 10. （be） all right, and he begins to enjoy his study and becomes confident.1. to work 2. （to） study 3. learning 4. to assist 5. to understand 6. （should） do 7. saying 8. （to） search 9. reading 10. to be 解析：1.语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章中作者讲述了他的好朋友在学英语过程中碰到困难时及时向老师求助，并最后取得成功，从而变得自信的故事。考

18、查非谓语动词。此处用不定式作从句表语，说明ambition的具体内容。2.考查非谓语动词。此处不定式作表语，此处to可以省略。3.考查非谓语动词。have difficulty in doing sth. 表示“在做某事上有困难”。4.考查非谓语动词。此处不定式作从句的表语，说明duty的具体内容。5.to understand 考查非谓语动词。seem to do sth. 表示“似乎”。6.考查虚拟语气。主语表示“建议”时，其后的表语从句要用虚拟语气，形式为“（should+）动词原形”。7.考查非谓语动词。it is no use doing sth. 表示“做某事是没有用的”。8.考查非谓语动词。此处不定式作表语，说明what引导的主语从句的具体内容，前面有do, to可以省略。9.考查非谓语动词。介词of 后跟动名词作宾语。10.考查非谓语动词。seem to do sth. 表示“似乎”。