河北省玉田县2015高考英语语法填空、阅读理解练习（3）及答案.doc

1、河北省玉田县2015高考英语语法填空、阅读理解练习（3）及答案语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。Valentines Day is the time of the year when couples show their love for each other by sending cards，flowers and chocolates.Its origins are 16._(clear) and hidden in the river of time.Nobody

2、 knows exactly 17._St.Valentine was，although some historians suggest he was 18._Roman killed in the third century AD by a Roman Emperor.It is said that the first 19._(record) Valentines card was sent by the imprisoned Duke of Orleans in 1415.20._is believed that he tried to find comfort from his imp

3、risonment by writing love poems to his wife.Now，Valentines Day 21._(celebrate) in many countries around the world.However, the traditions often differ from place to place.In Japan，for example，it is normal 22._the woman to send chocolates to the man,23._in South Korea April 14th is known as “Black Da

4、y” and is when the unfortunate men who received nothing on Valentines Day gather to eat noodles and show sympathy for each other.Technological 24._(develop) have also played their part 25._ keeping Valentines Day relevant in the 21st century.Valentines ecards have been very popular in recent years.1

5、6unclear根据后面的hidden，nobody knows等词的提示可知，此处应该用clear的否定形式。17whowho引导宾语从句，且作从句的表语。18a不定冠词表泛指。a Roman“一个罗马人”。19recorded过去分词recorded作定语，意为“有记载的，记录的”。20ItIt is believed that.是固定句式，可翻译为“人们相信”。21is celebrated情人节是“被庆祝”的，再结合全文的时态可知，此处应用一般现在时的被动语态。22for此处是“it is adj.for sb.to do”句型。for表示“对，对于”。23while/but日本和韩国

6、的情人节的意义不一样，是转折关系，所以用but。也可填while，表示两种情况的对比。24developments分析句子成分，此处应为名词，同时因为其后助动词为have，所以这里应该填develop的名词复数形式。25inplay ones part in.意为“在中起作用”。语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。Have you ever eaten snakes？Snake dishes have become popular 16._recent years.Sna

7、ke meat in various flavors (风味) can 17._(see) in restaurant ads very often.18._(eat) snake seems to be now popular，and if you havent eaten snake yet，you are considered “out of date”But I wonder if all the trends are worth 19._(follow)Some people may defend themselves 20._saying that snake meat is nu

8、tritious.But these people dont realize that many parasites (寄生虫)，21._do harm to our health，are found inside snakes.According to a survey，about 1,000 tons of snakes are eaten every year in China and sometimes as 22._as 10 tons of snakes are served on dinner tables in Shenzhen in a single day!These fi

9、gures warn us that if no action is taken，23._number of snakes will drop and make an increase in mice and worms population，which will result in a decrease of crop output.Who will see such tragedy 24._(happen)？So lets start not to eat snakes any more.To protect the snake is to protect 25._.16inin rece

10、nt years意为“在最近几年里”。17be seen主语snake meat与see之间为被动关系，故应用被动语态。18Eating此处用动名词短语eating snake作句子的主语。19following本句意为：但是我不知道是否所有潮流都值得跟随。be worth doing sth.意为“值得做某事”，为固定搭配。20by本句意为：一些人通过说蛇有营养来为自己辩护。by在此意为“通过的方式”。21which引导非限制性定语从句并在从句中作主语，先行词为物，故应用which。22manyas many as意为“多达”，后跟可数名词复数。23the本句意为：如果不采取行动，蛇的数量就

11、会大大减少。the number of.意为“的数量”。24happen这里应使用省略to的不定式作see的宾语补足语。see sb.do sth.意为“看见某人做某事”。25ourselves本句意为：保护蛇类也是保护我们自己。此处应用we的反身代词形式。题型探究 探究点一纯空格题型 考生需要根据语境在每个空格处填入一个合适的词，主要考查连词、介词、代词、冠词等。 1根据语境判断词义 通过句意或语篇的要求确定单词的含义，此种设计考查点包括实词和虚词。值得注意的是，有时通过句子本身或上下两个句子就可以确定词义，但有时要通过几个句子、一个段落甚至整个篇章结构才能确定。 判断词义可以通过定义、对比

12、、因果、联想、上下文等线索确定。1(1)定义法：是指通过定义解释、定语从句、同位语等判断词义，这类词主要是名词。例1 We are all in the position of the_.If we plant a good seed, we will get a good harvest.If our seed is poor and full of weeds, well get a useless crop.If we dont plant anything, well harvest nothing at all.【答案】 farmer【解析】 通过后面句子的含义解释可以确定空格词义是

13、“农夫，农民”，特别是几个关键词“plant, seed, harvest”与farmer的工作特点是完全一致的。(2)对比法：指通过句子的对比关系来判断所缺单词的词义，通常可以通过一些连词或副词来判断，如but, or, however, while, on the contrary, on the other hand等。 例2 There are more _ teachers in my school than men teachers.【答案】 women【解析】 通过对比后面的men teachers可以确定空格词义是“女性的”，即名词women作定语修饰teachers。 (3)

14、因果法：指通过句子的内在联系或句子之间存在的因果关系来判断词义。 例3 The museum was so_ that it will be impossible to see all the exhibits in one day.【答案】 large【解析】 根据结果状语从句的含义“不可能一天之内看完所有的展品”可以判断主句指的是“博物馆太大了”。 (4)语境线索：即通过上下语境确定空格内要填的词的词义。例4 One day mother looked at Nicks shoes and said, “Nick, look at your shoes.How _they are! You

15、 must clean them.”【答案】 dirty【解析】 根据语境“看看你的鞋子，你必须把它们弄干净”可以判断空格处所填词的词义是“脏的”。句意：你的鞋子多么脏啊！ 2根据句子成分确定词性对于纯空格形式的填空，在确定词义后，还要判断所填词的词性。词性的判断主要是通过分析句子的成分来确定。一般情况下可以作如下分析：(1)主语和宾语一般由名词、代词充当，有时也由动名词、不定式短语充当。例5 From Monday to Friday, most people are busy working or studying, but in the evening or on weekends th

16、ey are free to relax and enjoy _.【答案】 themselves【解析】 此处考查代词作宾语的用法。根据句子结构，句子的主语是they，谓语是are free，to relax and enjoy.是目的状语，在这个状语中缺宾语，再根据语境“周末时自由放松”，所以要使用反身代词themselves。 (2)谓语主要是由动词充当。在确定词义后，要判断其时态和语态。时态一般只考查一般现在时和一般过去时。但有时也可能涉及非谓语动词。 例6 She is the one who always takes his sorrow as her own sorrow, the

17、 one who always_ by his side whether he is poor or rich.【答案】 stands【解析】 此处考查作谓语的动词，根据语境，此空含义是“站在(他身边)”，即 stand。同时根据前后句的时态可以判断要使用一般现在时，由于主语是she，所以使用第三人称单数stands。 例7 At midnight, I woke up to find the girl _ soundly in her mothers embrace.I could see the smile of security on her face.【答案】 sleeping【解析】

18、 此处考查语境理解及宾补结构的用法。根据语境“半夜我醒来时发现那个女孩正在她妈妈的怀抱中熟睡”，所以使用动词sleep的现在分词形式充当补语。 (3)表语、定语和补语一般由形容词充当，有时也由动名词、现在分词和过去分词等充当。 例8 Every year, on Spring Festival Eve, CCTV broadcasts its Spring Festival Gala_ to millions of viewers.【答案】 live【解析】 此处考查语境理解及形容词充当补语的用法。broadcast.live意为“现场直播”。 (4)状语主要由副词充当。例9 He dug f

19、or 12 hours.24 hours._，in the 38th hour, he pulled back a large stone and heard his sons voice.【答案】 Eventually /Finally【解析】 此处考查语境理解及副词充当状语的用法。从语境可以推断此空含义是“终于，最后”，由于是修饰后面的整个句子，所以使用副词形式。 3根据句子类型确定词类若两个或几个简单句之间是逗号，可以判断，一定是填连词。连词有两类，一种是并列连词，一种是从属连词。我们可以根据句子的类型判断所要填的词类。主要有以下几种句型： (1) 并列句：一般由“简单句并列连词简单句”

20、构成，有时并列连词前有逗号，可以根据上下句的内在联系判断连词，如同等关系(and)、转折关系(but)、选择关系(or)、因果关系(so)等。 例10 “There are many mainland students at my university and all the other universities in Hong Kong.These students could not speak Cantonese at first, _ I had to speak putonghua to make friends with them，”said Cheung.【答案】 so【解析】

21、根据上下句的语义可以判断是因果关系，所以用so。句意为：这些学生不会讲广东话，所以，为了跟他们交朋友，我不得不讲普通话。 (2)状语从句：通过语境理解、判断上下文的逻辑关系，判断其是时间、地点、条件、原因、让步、目的或其他状语从句，最后确定所缺连词。 例11 _the sun came out, he looked down and laughed.There was no abyss.Just six inches down there was a rock.【答案】 As/When【解析】 根据前后两个都是简单句可以判断是缺少连词；从第一句的含义来看，是表示时间的状语从句，所以用as/wh

22、en。 (3)名词性从句：当确定为名词性从句后，可以分析从句是否缺主语、宾语或表语，如果缺以上成分，一般情况下要使用what，有时可能使用who/whom或which；如果不缺以上成分，则考虑句子意思是否完整，完整的句子可以用that，意思不完整的则考虑用where, why, how, because等。 例12 I was in the train sitting opposite a middleaged couple.They were ordinary in every aspect, but _ they did touched me deeply.【答案】 what【解析】 此处

23、考查主语从句的引导词。从句中缺表示物的主语，所以使用what。(4)定语从句：当确定为定语从句后，首先要看看先行词指人、物、时间、地点还是其他，然后判断引导词在从句中的成分，再根据定语从句的有关规则确定使用哪个引导词。 例13 However, Cheung, _ graduated from Hong Kong Baptist University this summer, has found that now she needs putonghua more than ever.【答案】 who【解析】 此处考查非限制性定语从句的引导词的用法。由于先行词是人Cheung(张)，引导词在从句

24、中作主语，所以使用who。 4根据固定搭配、典型句型确定动词、名词、介词等 固定搭配的短语及习惯用法是属于比较简单的考点，只要平时注意积累基本上就能答对。 例14 Volunteers work plays an important _in Americas high school education.【答案】 part【解析】 此处考查短语play a part in的搭配用法。但有时命题者会在设计时增加一些难度，在短语之间插入其他一些成分，或将固定连用的短语分隔开来，这一点也需注意。 例15 Some parents tried to pull him off the schools ru

25、ins, saying, “Its too late! They are all dead! There is nothing you can do！”_each parent he responded with the same line: “Are you going to help me now？” And then he continued to dig for his son, stone by stone.【答案】 To【解析】 此处考查短语respond to的固定搭配。由于宾语each parent放在了句首，短语被拆开，所以难度加大了许多。 探究点二给出提示词题型 1提示词是

26、动词 当括号内提供的是动词时，主要判断其是谓语还是非谓语。 (1)当考查的是谓语时，首先要判断其时态和语态。 例1 Since Hong Kong _(rejoin) China in 1997, more students from the Chinese mainland have chosen to study there.【答案】 rejoined【解析】 此处考查作谓语的动词形式。根据主句的时态have chosen及从句的时间状语in 1997，此空动词应该是一般过去时态。 (2)如果考查非谓语，要判断非谓语在句中的成分，根据不同成分使用适当的形式，其中使用ing形式和ed形式居多

27、，有时也考查to do, to be done, having done等形式。 例2 Ten years ago, Jessica Cheung was only 13._(live) with her parents in Hong Kong, she knew little putonghua.【答案】 Living【解析】 此处考查作非谓语的动词形式。动词live(生活)作原因状语，与逻辑主语she是主动关系，所以使用现在分词living。 2提示词是形容词或副词 如果括号内提供的是形容词，一般是考查副词，即要变成副词形式；如果括号内提供的是副词，一般是考查形容词，即要变成形容词形式。

28、但有时也要根据语境判断是否要变成名词或否定含义。 例3 “Thirtyfive cents，” she said_(rude)【答案】 rudely【解析】 此处考查副词作状语的用法。括号内提供的是形容词，要用来修饰动词said，所以要使用副词形式。 例4 At last, her courage and _(wise) impressed both the CEO and Princeton University.【答案】 wisdom【解析】 括号内提供的是形容词，但此空与前面的名词courage是并列成分，一起充当主语，所以要使用名词形式wisdom。 3提示词是名词 当括号内提供的是名

29、词时，一般考查其形容词形式，但有时也可能考查其副词、动词等形式。 例5 There, my voice sounds really_(wonder) because theres a slight echo to it.【答案】 wonderful【解析】 括号内提供的是名词，但此空作系动词sounds的表语，所以要使用形容词形式。 例6 A certain man planted a rose and watered it_(faith) and before it blossomed, he examined it.【答案】 faithfully【解析】 括号内提供的是名词，但此空是作状语

30、，修饰动词water，所以要变成副词。注意：先将名词faith变成形容词faithful，然后再变成副词faithfully。 阅读理解。Everyone knows about straight-A students. We see them frequently in TV situation comedies and in movies likeRevenge(复仇) of the Nerds. They get high grades, all right, but only by becoming dull laborers, their noses always stuck in

31、a book. They are not good at social communication and look clumsy when it comes to sports. How, then, do we account for Domenica Roman or Paul Melendres? Roman is on the tennis team at Fairmont Senior High School. She also sings in the choral group, serves on the student council(学生会) and is a member

32、 of the mathematics society. For two years she has maintained As in every subject. Melendres, now a freshman at the University of New Mexico, was student-body president at Valley High School in Albuquerque. He played soccer and basketball well, exhibited at the science fair, and meanwhile worked as

33、a reporter on a local television station. Being a speech giver at the graduation ceremony, he achieved straight As in his regular classes, plus bonus points for As in two college-level courses. How do super-achievers like Roman and Melendres do it? Brains arent the only answer. Top grades dont alway

34、s go to the brightest students, declares Herbert Walberg, professor of education at the University of Illinois at Chicago, who has conducted major studies of super-achieving students. Knowing how to make the most of your innate(天赋的) abilities counts for more. Much more. In fact, Walberg says, studen

35、ts with high I.Q.s sometimes dont do as well as classmates with lower I.Q.s. For them, learning comes too easily and they never find out how to get down. Hard work isnt the whole story, either. Its not how long you sit there with the books open, said one of the many A students we interviewed. Its wh

36、at you do while youre sitting. Indeed, some of these students actually put in fewer hours of homework time than their lower-scoring classmates. The kids at the top of the class get there by mastering a few basic techniques that others can readily learn. 1. The “nerds” can probably be _.A. dull bookw

37、orms lacking sports and social skillsB. successful top students popular with their peersC. students with certain learning difficultiesD. born leaders crazy about social activities2. What can we conclude from the first paragraph?A. Most TV programs and films are about straight-A students.B. People ha

38、ve unfavorable impression of straight-A students.C. Everyone knows about straight-A students from TV or films.D. Straight-A students are well admired by people in the society.3. Some students become super-achievers mainly because _.A. they are born cleverer than othersB. they worker longer hours on

39、studyC. they make full use of their abilitiesD. they know the short cut to success4. What will be talked about after the last paragraph?A. The interviews with more students.B. The role I.Q. plays in learning well.C. The techniques to be better learners.D. The achievements top students make.5. What c

40、an we infer from the passage?A. Students neednt work hard on study any more.B. The brightest students can never get top grades.C. Top students certainly achieve all-around developments. D. Students with average I.Q.s can become super-achievers.【参考答案】15 A B C C D阅读下列短文，从没题所给的四个选项(A, B, C, D)中选出最佳选项。A

41、Nine years ago, after Leo had died, people said to me. I never knew he was your stepfather. You see, I never called him that. At first, he was no one special in my life. Then he became my friend. In time, I felt he was also my father.Leo married my mother when I was eleven. Two years later we moved

42、into a house in a new suburban development, where we put down roots. At first our lawn was just a mud with wild grass, but Leo saw bright possibilities. Well plant trees there to give us shade as well as some flowers, he said. And just these little touches made our house different from all the other

43、s. More important, a real family was forming. Leo was becoming a full-time parent, and I was learning what it meant to have a father.Weekday mornings when the weather was bad, Leo often drove me to school. Having a father drop you off may have been something my classmates took for granted, but I alw

44、ays thought it was wonderful. Saturday mornings, we went to the hardware shop, then stepped into the five-and-ten, buying a sports magazine or something else. Some people might think that doing shopping together is nothing special, but I, who had ever before spent my childhood watching other familie

45、s do their everyday activities, experienced them now with extreme delight. Looking back, I realized that Leo gave me what I needed mostthe experience of doing ordinary things together as a family.Soon after we moved to the suburbs, one of our new neighbors introduced herself to me. She had already m

46、et my mother and Leo. You know, she said, you look just like your father. I knew she was just making conversation-but even so. Thank you, I said. Why tell her anything different?1The writers purpose in writing this passage is _.Ato show his pride to have a good stepfatherBto show how interesting a p

47、erson Leo wasCto remind us of our parentsDto explain why they moved to the suburbs2The phrase “put down roots”in the second paragraph means .AfarmedBplantedCsettled Dworked3In the writers opinion, _.Ait is not easyto live with a stepfatherBnot all the stepfathers are as good as LeoCthe husband and w

48、ife must think more about their children before they divorceDin stepfamilies the love and friendship are extremely precious4The last sentence “Why tell her anything different?”means that .Ahe should have told the truth Bhe wouldnt tell her the truthChe wanted to tell her something that had nothing to do with LeoDhe wanted to keep silence whenever he met the neighbors【参考答案】14、ACDB