河北省石家庄市第二中学2021届高三英语上学期期中试题（含解析）.doc

1、河北省石家庄市第二中学2021届高三英语上学期期中试题（含解析）时间:120分钟 分值:150分注意事项：1. 答卷前，考试务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。3.在答题卡上与题号相对应的答题区域内答题，写在试卷、草稿纸上或答题卡非题号对应的答题区域的答案一律无效。第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对

2、话仅读一遍。1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】How was the weather last week?A. Cold.B. Warm.C. Wet.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W: How was your camping last week? Anything you found disappointing, Jason?M: Yeah. I wish wed stayed in a hotel. Campings all very well when its warm, but last weeks weather certainly wasnt ideal. I was sha

3、king even when I was in my sleeping bag.2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What do the speakers disagree with about the holiday?A. How to go.B. What to do.C. When to leave.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M: You see, I like going off and doing my own thing. You know, history and museums thats what interests me.W: Well, I love market

4、s and looking for bargains. We all want a particular kind of holiday. The trouble was it wasnt the same!3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What will the man do for the cell phone company?A. Look for customers.B. Advertise cell phones.C. Improve the image.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W: So, how was the first day working at the ad

5、vertising agency?M: Actually, it was really interesting. Our agency was just hired by a new customer. Its a cell phone company and they want to change their whole image. Its a huge project, so my boss is putting together a team of people to work on it.4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Who is the woman?A. A touri

6、st.B. A tour guide.C. A hotel receptionist.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M: Do you think the trip is worth going on?W: Id say so. It lasts all day and you get picked up from the hotel and they take you around the island to look at the sights. The price includes everything.5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What are the speakers t

7、alking about?A. A meeting.B. A project.C. An artwork.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W: So, do you have any idea when youll have finished everything? For a project like this, those details should be finalized by now.M: We had a meeting on making some changes to it. Perhaps we wont need to replace all the artwork. In t

8、hat case, itll definitely be finished by the end of next week.第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In a pet store.B. In the mans home.C.

9、In the womans home.7. What does the woman suggest the man do?A. Feed a cat.B. Buy a pet cat.C. Try another cat food.【答案】6. B 7. C【解析】【原文】M: Hi, Laura! What a surprise! Wont you come in?W: Hi, Eric! And hello to you too, Mittens! Oh! Mittens is getting thin, isnt she?M: Yes, Im afraid so. She just is

10、nt eating like she used to.W: What are you feeding her?M: Oh, you know, whatever cat food is on sale.W: You should try Meow Chow. Its a little more expensive than the other brands, but cats love it because it tastes great!M: OK Laura. Ill give it a try!听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8. How does

11、the man feel now?A. Upset.B. Nervous.C. Tired.9. Which month is it probably now?A. April.B. May.C. June.【答案】8. A 9. A【解析】【原文】W: Why the long face, Tony?M: Well, you know my job at the design studio? Today the boss called me into his office and told me they had to lay me off.W: Oh, Tony, Im so sorry.

12、 You said you really liked working there.M: Yeah. You know, Ive only been working there for ten months, so if theyre going to lay someone off, its always going to be the newer employees first.W: What are you going to do?M: Like I said, Ive still got a job until the end of the month. Starting in May,

13、 I plan to apply for jobs online and go on some interviews.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10. How does the woman suggest the man travel to Paris?A. By plane.B. By coach.C. By train.11. Who will the man travel with?A. Lily.B. Peter.C. Dieter.12. Where are Alvaros friends?A. In France.B. In German

14、y.C. In Mexico.【答案】10. C 11. C 12. A【解析】【原文】M: I am going to Paris next weekend or the weekend after that. Whats the best way to do it?W: Oh, dont fly. Theres no point. Go by train; its much quicker than flying.M: What about buses?W: Oh no, the coach will take ages.M: Yeah, I guess youre right.W: So

15、, is Lily arriving soon then? Youre going to Paris with Lily and her family, arent you?M: Shes travelling to Mexico with some other people.W: You could go with Peter instead. I bet hed like to go with you.M: Actually, Im going with some friends from college. Dieter, a German guy. And Alvaro. Hes got

16、 friends there, so we might visit them.W: Cool.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13. When has the man been studying at home?A. Since age four.B. Since age seven.C. Since age eight.14. What does the man think is difficult to do?A. Decide topics.B. Find material.C. Write a report.15. What subject doe

17、s the man enjoy now?A. History.B. Biology.C. English.16. What does the man want to be in the future?A. A teacher.B. A film-maker.C. A tennis player.【答案】13. C 14. C 15. B 16. B【解析】【原文】W: James, have you ever been to school?M: Oh, yes. I started at nursery school when I was four, and when I turned sev

18、en, I went on to junior school. I left when I was eight, and my mothers been teaching me at home ever since. I do a lot of projects on particular topics.W: What do you think is the hardest part of doing projects?M: Mm, deciding topics isnt too difficult. Then I have to search for material by using t

19、he Internet, interviewing people or doing experiments. After that, I have to write a report and I find that quite hard.W: What subjects do you study?M: Well, theres history Im not keen on that. And I know English is necessary, but I don t look forward to the lessons. Um, I didnt like biology at firs

20、t, but after a while I really took to it.W: And what about when you finish your education?M: I used to want to be a tennis player, but now Ill just go on playing for pleasure. I might go into film-making Id like to do something creative. It doesnt appeal to me to be a teacher like my mother. One in

21、the family is enough!听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17. What kind of rice absorbs the least water?A. European rice.B. American rice.C. Asian rice.18. When is the noodle museum closed?A. On Tuesday.B. On Thursday.C. On Sunday.19. Where can the visitors see the process of making noodles?A. On the fi

22、rst floor.B. On the floor B1.C. On the floor B2.20. What time does the noodle shop stop taking orders?A. At 10:00 pm.B. At 10:30 pm.C. At 11:00 pm.【答案】17. C 18. A 19. A 20. B【解析】【原文】Today on the food program, Im going to tell you about two interesting websites which give you information about two ve

23、ry important foods rice and noodles. First of all, lets look at the Pagewise website. This site will tell you about the history of rice, the different types of rice and how to cook it. For example, European and American rice is grown in dry fields. But it absorbs more water than Asian rice, which is

24、 grown in flooded fields. Nowadays, more than 550 million tonnes is produced around the world each year, 92% of that being produced in Asia. Now, moving on to the Yokohama Noodle Museum site. The museum stays open later than most museums from 11:00 am to 11:00 pm, with the last admission being 10:00

25、 pm. The museum is open every day except for Tuesday, with Sunday being the busiest day and Thursday being the least busy. The first floor of the museum has a souvenir shop. It sells bowls for eating noodles out of, equipment for making noodles even curtains with pictures of noodles on them! You can

26、 see a display showing how noodles are made. On B1F and B2F, there are different noodle shops, which take orders until 30 minutes before closing time.第二部分：阅读理解 （共两节，满分50分）第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AChoosing a universityKazumiMymain reason for coming he

27、re was the Human Rights course. When I was at school I couldnt decide whether I wanted to be a doctor or a lawyer, but having decided to be a lawyer, I then had to choose which first degree I should take before starting, law school in another city, Ive always wanted to help people and I figured that

28、 taking Human Rights would allow me to learn about how I can make a real difference in the world.VladimirI love maths. I was tom between two possibilities: I could become an engineer and apply maths at a practical level. Or I could become a maths teacher, I neednt have worried because in the end I d

29、idnt have to choose! I got everything I wanted thanks to my university, which will qualify me to be a high school teacher while gaining a general engineering degree at the same time.OsvaldoOne of the reasons I chose this university was because of the effort that they put into organizing the open day

30、. The lecturers and current students provide an enthusiastic overview of their courses and of life in the city. This was in contrast to other universities I visited, which just let their reputation do the talking. Although I chose not to live on campus, the rooms there seemed comfortable and very re

31、asonably priced.MariaWhen the time came to select the university, I had three possibilities, but I still could not decide. So it was time to schedule campus tours. They all had their advantages, but this place instantly appealed to me. As soon as I arrived, I was struck by the smiles everyone gave m

32、e. What I value most here is the feeling that I am part of a supportive community.21. Who can obtain a double qualification from his or her university?A. Kazumi.B. Vladimir.C. Osvaldo.D. Maria.22. Why did Osvaldo choose his university?A. He found the courses affordable.B. His university sold itself

33、more convincingly.C. He was won over by the university s reputation.D. His university offered excellent accommodation.23. What do we know about Maria?A. She takes great interest in community service.B. She made her choice from the very beginning.C. She feels a sense of belonging at her university.D.

34、 She was hoping to pass on knowledge to others.【答案】21. B 22. B 23. C【解析】本文是说明文。介绍了4名大学生在选择自己大学时的理由。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据I got everything I wanted thanks to my university, which will qualify me to be a high school teacher while gaining a general engineering degree at the same time.得知Vladimir得到了数学和工程师双学位资格。

35、故选B项。【22题详解】推理判断题。One of the reasons I chose this university was because of the effort that they put into organizing the open day.得知Osvaldo选择这所大学是因为，它在开放日向学生们全面的展示自己的优势，使得Osvaldo非常愿意进入这所大学学习。故选B项。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据What I value most here is the feeling that I am part of a supportive community.得知Maria在大学

36、有一种归属感。故选C项。BI was speaking to the faculty (全体教师) at John F. Kennedy Elementary School in Canton, Massachusetts, a couple weeks ago. I arrived early and decided to take a walk.There was a Little League field nearby. I spotted a sign on the fence .The sign, posted by the Canton Little League, read:PL

37、EASE REMEMBERThese are kids.This is a game.The coaches volunteer.You dont play for the Red Sox (an American professional baseball team).I had to laugh, especially at the joke about the Red Sox. But I think the sign is a good reminder to everyone connected with youth sportskids, parents, coaches and

38、the folks who run the leagueswhat is important about the games.First, kids who play are just kids. They are not mini professional athletes. So youth sports leagues and coaches should take it easy on them. Kids dont need long schedules and lots of faraway games or high-pressure tournaments.Adults sho

39、uld try to set up youth leagues so more kids play with and against kids from nearby schools and neighborhoods. They should make it easier for kids to play a sport for just a few months so that they can try other sports. Kids shouldnt play one sport year-round.And everyone should stop worrying about

40、which team wins or loses. A friend of mine who coached a lot of youth teams once told me, “When you coach kids, its not how many you win or lose, but how many sign up for next season.” According to the Aspen Institutes latest “State of Play” report, fewer kids are signing up. Research indicates a sm

41、aller percentage of kids ages 6 to 12 (37 percent) are playing team sports on a regular basis than in 2011 (42 percent).The aim of youth sports should be to have fun, learn some skills and enjoy being part of a team. When we lose sight of those simple goals, the games suffer, and the kids stay away.

42、Maybe in 2021 every field or gym where kids play should have a sign like the one in Canton. All you would have to do is change the name of the team.24. How might the author feel seeing the sign on the fence?A. Relieved.B. Worried.C. Confident.D. Disappointed.25. Whats the authors advice for adults?A

43、. Go easy on kids.B. Choose youth leagues carefully.C. Encourage kids to stick to one sport.D. Make a year-round schedule for kids.26. What can be inferred from the Aspen Institutes report?A. Kids today are less athletic.B. Fewer youth leagues are being set up.C. Youth group sports are losing popula

44、rity.D. Kids are focusing more on succeeding than trying.27. What is the author trying to do in the last paragraph?A. Give praise.B. Express a wish.C. Offer sympathy.D. Show determination.【答案】24. A 25. A 26. C 27. B【解析】这是一篇议论文。作者在一所校园的围墙上看到一家青年运动联盟的牌子，探讨青少年团队体育项目的目的在于参与和开心而不是输赢，不应该过度强调竞技结果。【24题详解】推理

45、判断题。根据牌子内容下一段中“But I think the sign is a good reminder to everyone connected with youth sportskids, parents, coaches and the folks who run the leagueswhat is important about the games.”（但是我认为这个标志牌是一个很好的提醒，提醒和青年运动相关的所有人-孩子，家长，教练以及经营这些团体的人们，关于运动，最重要的是什么。）由此可知，作者很赞同牌子的内容和意义，再结合选项，作者应该是感到欣慰。故选A。【25题详解】细

46、节理解题。根据倒数第四段中“They should make it easier for kids to play a sport for just a few months so that they can try other sports.”（成年人应当让孩子们一种运动仅玩几个月这件事更容易点，这样他们可以尝试其他的运动。）由此可知，成年人对孩子应该宽容些，允许他们参与不同的运动，为他们运动提供方便，故选A。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中“According to the Aspen Institutes latest “State of Play” report, fewer

47、 kids are signing up. Research indicates a smaller percentage of kids ages 6 to 12 (37 percent) are playing team sports on a regular basis than in 2011 (42 percent).”（根据Aspen机构最新“运动状态”研究报告，越来越少的孩子报名参加青年运动团体。）研究表明，只有很小的比例-37%年龄在6到12岁之间的孩子定期参加团体远动，而这个比例在2011年是42%。由此可知，参加团体体育项目的孩子数量在减少。故选 C。【27题详解】推理判断

48、题。根据最后一段“Maybe in 2021 every field or gym where kids play should have a sign like the one in Canton. ”（也许在2021年，每一个孩子运动的运动场地都应该有一个像Canton这个机构一样的标牌。）由此可知，这是作者表达的一种个人愿望，希望运动场所都能学习Canton这个机构。故选B。CConservationists have long known that using pandas, tigers and other charismatic(有号召力的) species to front th

49、eir campaigns is a good way to raise money. But some people argue that focusing on these “flagship” animals can ignore equally threatened but less cute ones.Now Jennifer McGowan at Macquarie University in Sydney and her colleagues suggest that we can have it both ways after finding that funding for

50、flagship species also helps other threatened species in the surrounding areas. McGowans team first drew up a list of 534 flagship species in wildlife-rich hot spots around the world. The biodiversity areas were each split into grids (网格) of 100 by 100 kilometre squares. The researchers then compared

51、 two conservation approaches across eight simulated scenarios(模拟场景) which assumed different levels of human activity and protected areas.The first focused on protecting flagship species, while the second aimed to protect the maximum number of species in an area, regardless of their fundraising poten

52、tial. Their study has found that targeting grid squares with flagship species also protected 79 to 89 per cent of the non-flagship species in that area. The figure rose to 97 per cent in some scenarios. “The findings could help when choosing which species to promote. Flagship species are very effect

53、ive at getting the public to care,” she says.Morgan Trimble, the author of a paper that has found scientists also have a bias towards charismatic animals, says the results dont surprise her. “While I think its important that we dont lose sight of the bigger picture - conserving species is about cons

54、erving all the component parts of ecosystems, even the not-so-cute species - I think highlighting flagship species in fundraising and education is a practical idea and appeals to human nature,” she says. Trimble also asks what the alternative to using flagship species would be: randomly picking spec

55、ies? McGowans study found a random approach to choosing where to spend conservation funds only protected 39 to 55 per cent of the non-flagship species.28. What kind of animals do conservationists usually use to raise funds?A. Less attractive animals.B. Endangered flagship animalsC. Threatened but no

56、t necessarily cute species.D. Charismatic but not necessarily threatened species.29. What has McGowan and her teams study revealed?A. Its fair enough to focus on flagship species.B. There are very few flagship species in grid squares.C. Non-flagship species are poorly protected in general.D. Flagshi

57、p species are getting more than enough attention.30. What does Trimble think of the studys outcome?A. It needs to be further confirmed.B. It is in line with her expectations.C. It is beyond her comprehension.D. It goes right against human nature.31 What would be the best title for the text?A. How to

58、 choose a charismatic speciesB. The effects of human activity on animalsC. How to best channel conservation effortsD. The role of fundraising in saving animals【答案】28. B 29. A 30. C 31. C【解析】本文是一篇说明文。利用有号召力的动物“旗舰动物”向公众作宣传能够更好地筹集资金来保护野生动物，这是一种有效的野生动物保护方式。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Conservationists have long

59、 known that using pandas, tigers and other charismatic species to front their campaigns is a good way to raise money. But some people argue that focusing on these “flagship” animals can ignore equally threatened but less cute ones.”(自然资源保护主义者早就知道，利用大熊猫、老虎和其他有号召力的物种来宣传他们的活动是一个很好的筹集资金的方式。但一些人认为，把注意力集中

60、在这些“旗舰”动物身上，可能忽略那些同样受到威胁但不那么可爱的动物。)可知，自然资源保护主义者通常用濒临灭绝的“旗舰”动物来筹集资金。故选B。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Now Jennifer McGowan at Macquarie University in Sydney and her colleagues suggest that we can have it both ways, after finding that funding for flagship species also helps other threatened species in the surr

61、ounding areas.”(现在，悉尼麦考瑞大学的Jennifer McGowan和她的同事们在发现了为旗舰物种提供资金对周边地区的其他濒危物种也有帮助之后，认为我们可以兼顾“旗舰物种”和其他“非旗舰物种”。)由此可知，Jennifer McGowan和她的同事们研究发现，把重点放在旗舰物种上是很合理的，这样对旗舰物种和其他濒危物种都有帮助。故选A。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“.I think its important that we dont lose sight of the bigger picture - conserving species is about con

62、serving all the component parts of ecosystems, even the not-so-cute species.”（我认为我们没有忽略全局是很重要的保护物种是保护所有生态系统的组成部分，甚至是不是那么可爱的物种）可推知，Trimble认为保护动物就应该保护所有的自然界中的动物，而由上文可知研究结果表明应该多关注旗舰物种，所以研究结果是超出她的想法的，故选C。【31题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段 “Conservationists have long known that using pandas, tigers and other charismat

63、ic species to front their campaigns is a good way to raise money. ”(自然资源保护主义者早就知道，利用大熊猫、老虎和其他有号召力的物种来宣传他们的活动是一个很好的筹集资金的方式。)及其他段落对于这种方式的一些研究结果可知，利用旗舰动物向公众作宣传能够更好地筹集资金来保护野生动物，这是一种有效的野生动物保护方式。所以文章主要给我们表明了怎样最好地为保护野生动物的工作筹集资金。C项 “如何最好地引导保护工作”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选C。DArtists always treat businessmen as money-obse

64、ssed ( 迷 恋 金 钱 的 ) bores. Or worse, many businessmen, for their part, assume that artists usually consider themselves to be more intelligent than others. Bosses may stick a few modern paintings on their office walls. But they seldom take the arts seriously as a source of inspiration.The prejudice st

65、arts at business school, where “hard” things such as numbers rule. It is reinforced by everyday experience. Bosses constantly remind their employees that if you cant count it, it doesnt count. Few read deeply about the arts. Sun Tzus The Art of War does not count while some tasteless business books

66、are pleasing to them: consider Wess Roberts Leadership Secrets of Attila the Hun.But lately there are welcome signs of a thaw (缓和) on the business side of the great cultural divide. Business presses are publishing a series of books such as The Fine Art of Success by Jamie Anderson. Business schools

67、such as the Rotman School of Management at the University of Toronto are trying to learn from the arts.Mr. Anderson points out that many artists have also been superb enterprisers. Damien Hirst has been one of the most enterprising. He upturned the art world by selling his work directly through Soth

68、ebys, an auction ( 拍 卖 ) house. Whatever they think of his work, businessmen cannot help admiring a man who parted art lovers from 75.5 million on the day that Lehman Brothers collapsed.Studying the arts can help businessmen communicate more effectively. Most bosses spend a huge amount of time “mess

69、aging” and “reaching out”, yet few are good at it. Half an hour with George Orwells Why I Write would work wonders.Studying the arts can also help companies learn how to manage bright people. Rob Goffee of the London Business School points out that todays most productive companies are dominated by w

70、hat they call “clevers”, who are very hard to manage. They hate being told what to do by managers, whom they regard as being stupid. They refuse to submit to performance reviews.In short, they are prima donnas. The art world has centuries of experience in managing such difficult people.Directors per

71、suade actresses to cooperate with actors they hate. Their tips might be worth hearing.32. Which book combines the arts with business?A. Why I Write.B. The Art of War.C. The Fine Art of Success.D. Leadership Secrets of Attila the Hun.33. What kind of person is Damien Hirst actually?A. An artist who i

72、s good at doing business.B. A businessman who just cares about money.C. An artist whose works changed the art world.D. A businessman who had prejudice toward the arts.34. The underlined words “prima donnas” probably refer to those who are _.A. quite stupidB. rather proudC. really brightD. very effic

73、ient35. What does the author mainly discuss in the text?A. Good management takes skill and patience.B. Artists should show respect for businessmen.C. Painting is a special form of communication.D. Businessmen have much to learn from artists.【答案】32. C 33. A 34. B 35. D【解析】本文是一篇议论文。艺术家们总是把商人看作是迷恋金钱的讨厌

74、鬼；许多商人认为艺术家通常认为自己比别人更聪明。作者认为企业管理者应该向艺术家学习，以便更好地进行管理。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的 Business presses are publishing a series of books such as The Fine Art of Success by Jamie Anderson. Business schools such as the Rotman School of Management at the University of Toronto are trying to learn from the arts. 商业出版社

75、正在出版一系列书籍，比如杰米安德森的成功的艺术，多伦多大学-罗特曼管理学院等商学院正试图从艺术中学习。可推知，The Fine Art of Success 这本书将艺术与商业结合在了一起。故正确答案为C。【33题详解】细节理解题。本题题干意为：达米安赫斯特到底是什么样的人?根据第四段中He upturned the art world by selling his work directly through Sothebys, an auction house. Whatever they think of his work, businessmen cannot help admiring

76、 a man who parted art lovers from 75.5 million on the day that Lehman Brothers collapsed. 他通过苏富比拍卖行直接出售自己的作品，颠覆了艺术界。无论商人们对他的作品有何看法，他们都会情不自禁地钦佩这位在雷曼兄弟 破产那天将艺术爱好者们从7550万英镑中分离出来的人。可知，Damien Hirst 是一个擅长做生意的艺术家。故正确答案为A。【34题详解】词义猜测题。They hate being told what to do by managers, whom they regard as being st

77、upid. They refuse to submit to performance reviews.他们讨厌被他们认为愚蠢的管理人员指使去做什么。他们拒绝接受绩效考核。可推知，prima donnas 在此是指那些极其自负的人。故正确答案为B。【35题详解】主旨大意题。本题题干意为：作者在文中主要讨论什么? 总览全文可知，作者通过本文主要谈论了企业管理者进行艺术研究的必要性及其种种益处，故正确答案为D。第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，共 12.5 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。MountainA mountain is a

78、landform that rises high above its surroundings. Taller than a hill, it usually has steep slopes and a rounded or sharp peak. Mountains are rarely found alone. _36_ Lines of ranges form mountain belts.Some mountains were formed by the activity of volcanoes. Scientists believe that most volcanic moun

79、tains are made up of rock that melted deep within earth. The rock rose through Earths surface, or crust. It then flowed onto the surface in the form of lava. _37_ Volcanic mountains are typically steep. Mount Fuji in Japan, Mount Kilimanjaro in Africa, and Mount Rainier in the United States are exam

80、ples of volcanic mountains.Other mountains were formed by movements within Earths crust. The theory called plate tectonics explains this type of mountain building. Earths crust is divided into huge pieces called plates, which move very slowly. The continents sit on top of the plates and move with th

81、em. At times the plates strike against each other, forcing the rock upward. The Himalayas of Asia are an example of this type of mountain chain. _38_Mountain ranges are natural barriers to travel. Roads are difficult to build across them. Railroads need expensive tunnels to cross even low mountains.

82、 _39_ They often form borders between countries.Life is hard in mountain lands. The high places of the world are cold and have little soil, making farming difficult. _40_ Skiing and climbing are popular mountain sports.A. Groups of mountains are called ranges.B. However, many mountain areas are vaca

83、tion spots.C. The lava, along with volcanic dust, built up to form mountains.D. These colder climates strongly affect the ecosystems of mountains.E. Thus the continental crust is normally much thicker under mountains.F. Therefore mountain ranges tend to divide the people on either side of them.G. Th

84、ey were formed when a plate carrying India struck against the Asian plate.【答案】36. A 37. C 38. G 39. F 40. B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了关于山的一些知识，包括它的地貌、形成原因和作用等。【36题详解】根据上文“Mountains are rarely found alone.(山很少是单独存在的)”以及后文“Lines of ranges form mountain belts.(连绵的山脉形成了山地带)”可知，上文提到山很少单独存在，说明山都是成群存在的，形成山脉，后文中ran

85、ges与A选项中ranges相对应。故A选项“山脉群被称为山脉”符合语境，故选A。【37题详解】根据上文“Some mountains were formed by the activity of volcanoes. Scientists believe that most volcanic mountains are made up of rock that melted deep within earth. The rock rose through Earths surface, or crust. It then flowed onto the surface in the form

86、 of lava.(有些山是由火山活动形成的。科学家们认为，大多数的火山是由地球深处融化的岩石组成的。岩石穿过地球表面或地壳。然后它以熔岩的形式流到表面)”以及后文“Volcanic mountains are typically steep. Mount Fuji in Japan, Mount Kilimanjaro in Africa, and Mount Rainier in the United States are examples of volcanic mountains.(火山型山通常是陡峭的。日本的富士山、非洲的乞力马扎罗山和美国的雷尼尔山都是火山的例子)”可知，本段主要介

87、绍的是山通过火山活动形成，本句应承接上文继续说明熔岩如何堆积成山的，上文中lava与C选项中The lava相对应。故C选项“熔岩和火山灰一起堆积成山”符合语境，故选C。【38题详解】根据上文“Other mountains were formed by movements within Earths crust. The theory called plate tectonics explains this type of mountain building. Earths crust is divided into huge pieces called plates, which move

88、 very slowly. The continents sit on top of the plates and move with them. At times the plates strike against each other, forcing the rock upward. The Himalayas of Asia are an example of this type of mountain chain.(其他的山脉是由地壳内部的运动形成的。板块构造理论解释了这种造山运动。地壳被分成巨大的板块，板块移动非常缓慢。大陆位于这些板块的顶部并随之移动。有时板块相互碰撞，迫使岩石向

89、上。亚洲的喜马拉雅山就是这种山脉的一个例子)”可知，本段说明的是由板块运动形成的山，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文进一步说明喜马拉雅山是如何通过板块运动形成的。G项中的They指代上文The Himalayas of Asia。故G选项“它们是印度板块撞击亚洲板块时形成的”符合语境，故选G。【39题详解】根据上文“Mountain ranges are natural barriers to travel. Roads are difficult to build across them. Railroads need expensive tunnels to cross even low m

90、ountains.(山脉是旅行的天然障碍。很难在它们上面修路。铁路甚至需要穿越低山修建昂贵的隧道)”以及后文“They often form borders between countries.(它们经常形成国家之间的边界)”可知，上文提到山脉是障碍，后文提到山脉是国家之间的边界，可知山脉可以用来区分地界，把两边的人们分开。故F选项“因此，山脉倾向于把人们分为两边”符合语境，故选F。【40题详解】根据上文“Life is hard in mountain lands. The high places of the world are cold and have little soil, mak

91、ing farming difficult.(山区的生活很艰苦。世界上地势较高的地方气候寒冷，土壤稀少，这使得农业生产困难)”以及后文“Skiing and climbing are popular mountain sports.(滑雪和爬山是很受欢迎的高山运动)”可知，本句与上文形成转折，说明山区虽然使农业生产困难，但有的地方也有很受欢迎的高山运动，可以供人们度假。故B选项“然而，许多山区是度假胜地”符合语境，故选B。第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 30 分）第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可

92、以填入空白处的最佳选项。My father used to judge restaurants by their bread baskets. His reasoning: If you cant get little things right, how can you be_41_ with big things?I feel that way about commas (逗号). One sign that something has gone wrong in a piece of writing is the sight of commas_42_ used around the pa

93、ge. My _43_ students often insert a comma wherever they might pause between words to take in air. Then again, another sign of poor writings is the opposite: a comma desert, no pauses to be_44_ .Such abuses usually _45_ that my students dont grasp the usage of this mark. But commas are _46_. They are

94、 like the fine stitches (缝线) on an expertly sewn garment: invisible, yet vital to holding the_47_ together. In dialogue, commas can _48_ life or death: Kill ducks! vs Kill, ducks! Their absence or _49_ creates or destroys a great article.Then again, I shouldnt judge my students so severely. I also f

95、ailed to _50_ the quiet dignity of the comma unit, in graduate school,_51_ I taught writing to first-year students. I remember the program head, a firm, white-haired woman, fixing me with her stare and saying, You have no idea where the commas go or why. I felt _52_ . How could I have misunderstood

96、something so basic?Well, the thing is, commas arent so basic and learning to_53_ them to their full potential takes years. Oscar Wilde once joked about what a _54_day of writing involved: spending the morning _55_ a comma, and in the afternoon, on mature reflection, putting it back in.41. A. forcedB

97、. trustedC. inspiredD. persuaded42. A. rarelyB. properlyC. carelesslyD. consistently43. A. lawB. historyC. writingD. engineering44. A. foundB. ignoredC. discussedD. removed45. A. expectB. ensureC. indicateD. deny46. A. simpleB. strangeC. confusingD. important47. A. bodyB. pieceC. caseD. show48. A. p

98、roveB. includeC. meanD. support49. A. progressB. conceptC. restrictionD. presence50. A. explainB. questionC. possessD. recognize51. A. whenB. onceC. unlessD. whether52. A. amusedB. scaredC. ashamedD. exhausted53. A. useB. selectC. identifyD. remember54. A. freeB. hardC. shortD. common55. A. pointing

99、 atB. looking forC. picking upD. taking out【答案】41. B 42. C 43. C 44. A 45. C 46. D 47. B 48. C 49. D 50. D 51. A 52. C 53. A 54. B 55. D【解析】本文是记叙文。作者通过自己的教学经历讲述了逗号在写作中的重要性。【41题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的理由是：如果你不能把小事做好，别人还会相信你能做好大事吗？ A. forced强迫；B. trusted相信；C. inspired启发；D. persuaded说服。根据上文的If you cant get li

100、ttle things right 可知，作者的父亲认为：如果你连小事都做不好，那么别人还会相信你能做好大事吗？故选B项。【42题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：在一篇文章出错的标志之一就是通篇有随意使用逗号的现象。A. rarely稀少地；B. properly适当地；C. carelessly粗心地，随意地；D. consistently一致地。根据该空前的 something has gone wrong in a piece of writing 和下文中的 often insert a comma wherever they might 可知，这里是说逗号通篇被随意使用，故选C项。【4

101、3题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我学习写作的学生常常在任何他们可能停下来歇一口气的文字之间插入逗号。A. law法律；B. history历史；C. writing写作；D. engineering工程学。上文中的 commas 和 a piece of writing 以及下文提到的 my students 可知，这里是说写作课的学生，故选C项。【44题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：其次，写作糟糕的另一个现象刚好相反：没有一个逗号，找不到任何停顿。A. found找到，发现；B. ignored忽略；C. discussed讨论；D. removed移除。根据该空前的a comma des

102、ert 可知，另一种情况则是根本找不到停顿，故选A项。【45题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这样的滥用表明我的学生没有掌握这个符号的使用。A. expect期待；B. ensure确保；C. indicate暗示，表明；D. deny否认。根据该空后的my students dont grasp the usage 可知，这些滥用现象表明学生们并没有掌握其用法，故选C项。【46题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但，逗号很重要。A. simple简单的；B. strange奇怪的；C. confusing困惑的；D. important重要的。根据该空后的They are like the fi

103、ne stitches on an expertly sewn garment: invisible, yet vital 可知，这里是说逗号就像是衣服上的缝线一样重要，故选D项。【47题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们就像是衣服上的缝线一样重要：看不见，但对把布块连在一起是非常重要的。A. body身体；B. piece小块；C. case案件；D. show表演。结合语境可知，这里是说缝线使衣服形成一体，衣服的布料是一块一快的，可以使用量词piece，故选B项。【48题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在对话中，逗号意味着生或死。A. prove证明；B. include包括；C. mean

104、意味着；D. support支持。根据该空后的例子 Kill ducks! vs Kill, ducks! 可知，逗号意味着生或死，故选C项。【49题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们的缺席或存在可以创造也可以毁灭一篇好文章。A. progress进步；B. concept概念；C. restriction限制；D. presence存在。根据该空前的Their absence or 可知，这里是说逗号的缺失或存在会创造或毁灭一篇很好的文章，故选D项。【50题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在研究生学院，当我教一年级写作时，我也没有意识到逗号的重要性。A. explain解释；B. questi

105、on询问；C. possess拥有；D. recognize意识到。根据该空前的I shouldnt judge my students so severely 可知，作者认为不该如此严厉地评判学生， 因为自己也曾没有意识到逗号的重要性，故选D项。【51题详解】考查连词词义辨析。在研究生学院，当我教一年级写作时，我也没有意识到逗号的重要性。A. when当；B. once一旦；C. unless除非；D. whether是否。根据该空前的in graduate school 可知，这里是说当作者在研究生院教一年级学生写作的时候，故选A项。【52题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我感到很惭愧。A

106、. amused开心的；B. scared害怕的；C. ashamed惭愧的；D. exhausted疲惫的。根据该空前项目负责人所说的 You have no idea where the commas go or why 可知，作者为自己作为一位老师犯这样的错误而感到很惭愧，故选C项。【53题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但事实是，逗号没有那么简单，要把它们运用的行云流水需要花好几年。A. use使用；B. select选择；C. identify辨别；D. remember记得。根据该句中的commas arent so basic 和 to their full potential t

107、akes years 可知，想要真正学会使用逗号需要很多年，故选A项。【54题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：奥斯卡王尔德曾经开玩笑说，“写作的一天太难了，花了一早上的时间去了一个逗号，等思考清楚后，下午又把它放回去。”A. free自由的；B. hard艰难的；C. short短的；D. common常见的。spending the morning _15_ a comma, and in the afternoon, on mature reflection, putting it back in. 可知，在一个逗号上花费一天的时间，所以这是艰难的一天，故选B项。【55题详解】考查动词短语

108、辨析。句意：奥斯卡王尔德曾经开玩笑说，“写作的一天太难了，花了一早上的时间去了一个逗号，等思考清楚后，下午又把它放回去。” A. pointing at指着；B. looking for寻找；C. picking up捡起来；D. taking out去掉。根据下文中的putting it back in 可知，这里是说把逗号去掉，故选D项。第二节 （共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，在空格处填入1个适当的单词或括号中单词的正确形式。This billboard designed by Daan Roosegaarde and his studio in partnershi

109、p with the University of Monterrey _56_(be) just one of the billboards currently set up in Monterrey, Mexico. Each ad space has been coated with a specialized resin(树脂) that attracts nearby air pollutants and transforms them into oxygen when _57_ (expose) to direct sunlight.Since the heavily-pollute

110、d Mexican city is located in a valley where _58_ is very little space for trees or greenery, the billboards are considered a _59_ (complete) new tool for urban health. This is not the first project that Daan Roosegaarde _60_(launch) over the last few years. He is also responsible _61_the Smog Free T

111、ower: the worlds _62_(large) air cleaner which has been fixed at various international _63_(location) so it can turn urban smog into diamonds. The 23-foot tall metal structure is capable of _64_ (produce)30, 000 cubic meters of clean air per hour by filtering (过滤) 75% of harmful PM2.5 and PM10 parti

112、cles(粒子) from the surrounding air. Plus, the tower uses very little electricity - about as much as _65_ electric kettle. The electricity that it does use, however, comes from wind power.【答案】56. is 57. exposed 58. there 59. completely 60. has launched 61. for 62. largest 63. locations 64. producing 6

113、5. an【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了由Daan Roosegaarde设计的特殊广告牌以及他所负责的雾霾净化塔的建设。每个广告空间都涂上了一层特殊的树脂，这种树脂可以吸收附近的空气污染物，并在阳光直射下将其转化为氧气。【56题详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：这个广告牌是由Daan Roosegaarde和他的工作室与蒙特雷大学合作设计的，这只是目前在墨西哥蒙特雷设立的广告牌之一。设空处在句中作谓语，此处陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语是This billboard，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填is。【57题详解】考查省略句。句意：每个广告空间都涂有一种特殊的树脂，可以吸

114、引附近的空气污染物，并在阳光直射下将其转化为氧气。分析句子结构，when引导的时间状语从句的主语是resin，它和expose为被动关系，应用被动语态，完整的句子为when resin is exposed to direct sunlight；状语从句中当主从句主语一致，且从句有be时，可省略从句的主语和be动词。故填exposed。58题详解】考查there be句型。句意：由于这个污染严重的墨西哥城市位于山谷中，没有多少空间可以种植树木或绿化，广告牌被认为是城市健康的一个全新工具。there be表示“有”。故填there。【59题详解】考查副词。句意：由于这个污染严重的墨西哥城市位于山

115、谷中，没有多少空间可以种植树木或绿化，广告牌被认为是城市健康的一个全新工具。空处修饰形容词new，需填副词作状语。故填completely。【60题详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：这并不是丹罗斯格德在过去几年里发起的第一个项目。空处缺少谓语动词，根据时间状语“over the last few years”可知，此处使用现在完成时，主语为Daan Roosegaarde，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填has launched。【61题详解】考查介词。句意：他还设计了世界上最大的空气净化器“雾霾净化塔”(Smog Free Tower)，它被安装在世界各地，可以将城市的雾霾转化为钻石。b

116、e responsible for为固定短语，意为“对负责”。故填for。【62题详解】考查形容词最高级。句意：他还设计了世界上最大的空气净化器“雾霾净化塔”(Smog Free Tower)，它被安装在世界各地，可以将城市的雾霾转化为钻石。空处需填形容词作定语，修饰名词air cleaner，结合语境“世界上最大的空气净化器”可知，使用形容词最高级。故填largest。【63题详解】考查名词。句意：他还设计了世界上最大的空气净化器“雾霾净化塔”(Smog Free Tower)，它被安装在世界各地，可以将城市的雾霾转化为钻石。分析句子可知，此处应用名词作介词at的宾语,location是可数

117、名词，various后面需加名词复数形式。故填locations。【64题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个23英尺高的金属结构每小时可以过滤掉周围空气中75%的有害颗粒物PM2.5和PM10，从而产生30000立方米的清洁空气。空处前为介词of，空处需填动名词作宾语。故填producing。【65题详解】考查冠词。句意：另外，塔用的电非常少大约相当于一个电水壶。kettle意为“水壶”，是可数名词单数，此处表示泛指，且electric发音以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）66. 假定你是李华，你市博物馆将举办“苏轼主题书画特

118、展”。请给你的英国交换生朋友Alice写一封邮件，邀请她参加，内容包括：1. 时间、地点；2. 展览主题；3. 期待回复。注意：词数为80左右。 提示：书法 calligraphy 书法家 calligrapher【答案】Dear Alice,Im glad to tell you that there will be a special exhibition on Su Shis calligraphy and paintings this Saturday in the City Museum. Su Shi, also called Su Dongpo, was one of China

119、s greatest poets, as well as an accomplished calligrapher of the Song Dynasty. The exhibition will display his artistic attainments, which are of great value to our understanding of 11th-century Chinese travel literature. I bet you will definitely find this exhibition fascinating.Looking forward to

120、your reply.Yours,Li Hua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国交换生朋友Alice写一封邮件，邀请她参加市博物馆将要举办“苏轼主题书画特展”。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般将来时。结构：总分法 总分法是指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1. 介绍时间、地点；2. 说明展览主题；3. 期待回复。第二步：列提纲（重点词组）be glad to do sth.；one of；as well as；be of great value；look forward to第三步：连词成句1.Im glad

121、 to tell you that there will be a special exhibition on Su Shis calligraphy and paintings this Saturday in the City Museum. 2.Su Shi, also called Su Dongpo, was one of Chinas greatest poets, as well as an accomplished calligrapher of the Song Dynasty. 3.The exhibition will display his artistic attai

122、nments, which are of great value to our understanding of 11th-century Chinese travel literature. 4.I bet you will definitely find this exhibition fascinating.5.Looking forward to your reply.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态的问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）（仅供参考）1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second And t

123、hen, Finally, In the end, At last2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not onlybut (also), including,3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(从句), In spite of+n/doing,On the one hand,On the other hand Some,while others,as for, sothat4.表因果关系：B

124、ecause, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。【点睛】高分句型1Im glad to tell you that there will be a special exhibition on Su Shis calligraphy and paintings this Saturday in the City Museum.(that引导宾语从句)高分句型2The exhibition will display his artistic attainments, which are

125、 of great value to our understanding of 11th-century Chinese travel literature. （which引导非限制性定语从句）第二节（满分25分）67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。Holidays are not necessarily for fun or rest. Doing something meaningful can also gain special pleasure. When the final bell rang, the stud

126、ents were reminded that there was no school on Mondaythe Labor Day. “Enjoy your extra day off,”said the teacher to her class.An extra day of fun suited Kayla just fine. She loved breaks. She wanted to go out to play with her friends. When the school bus dropped Kayla off, she ran into the house happ

127、ily.“How was school, Kayla?” asked her mom.“It was great, Mom. I am excited about no school on Monday. ”“You just started back to school two weeks ago. Already in need of a break, huh?” asked Kaylas mom with a laugh.Kayla slept in the next morning. Saturday was her favorite day of the week. It raine

128、d most of the day, so Kayla enjoyed playing video games inside. On Sunday, her friends came over and they played basketball for several hours.Then it was Labor Day, you know, the extra day off that Kayla was so looking forward to. But Kayla was awakened early that morning by her dad. He told Kayla t

129、hat in honor of Labor Day, the family would be cleaning both inside and outside the house. Kayla couldnt believe it. This was a holiday. A day when she was supposed to be enjoying freshly squeezed lemonade while playing in her tree house. As Kayla wiped her eyes, she began to wonder if this was just

130、 a bad dream.“Kayla, your breakfast is ready. We have a lot of work to do today. Lets get a move on, ”said Kaylas mom. As she sat down at the kitchen table, Kayla asked her parents, “Are you serious about working today? Isnt Labor Day a holiday?”“Yes, Kayla. It is, ”replied her dad. “But your mom an

131、d I thought working hard today would make you appreciate why Labor Day was observed in the first place. ”Paragraph1：At first, Kayla felt disappointed at her parents plan for the holiday._Paragraph 2：But things began to change as she was doing the chores._【答案】Paragraph1：At first, Kayla felt disappoin

132、ted at her parentsplan for the holiday. How eagerly she wanted to go to out to play with her friends! She was against the annoying plan from the bottom of her heart, but she had no choice. First, Kayla was arranged to wash the breakfast dishes. After that, she was asked to give their puppy a bath. S

133、he knew it was a hard task, which needed a lot of tiring, careful and patient work. She has begun the work with great unwillingness.Paragraph 2：But things began to change as she was doing the chores. Brushing the puppy, she found it was a lot of fun with so many soap bubbles. Then it was on to yard

134、work where Kayla helped to pick up sticks. She pretended the small sticks were basketballs, and shot them into a large trash can. So the work was done with great pleasure. Kayla felt proud to see how much better the yard looked. When she finished her meaningful chores, Kayla enjoyed relaxing in her

135、tree house. The lemonade tasted wonderful after a hard day of work.【解析】【分析】这是一篇读后续写作文。【详解】通过阅读所给文章可知，文章主要记叙了本来以为劳动节放假可以休息的Kayla，早上被爸爸吵醒，告诉她为了庆祝劳动节，全家会打扫屋子内外。Kayla不明白，父亲告诉她这么做是为了让她明白劳动节的由来。续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：一开始，Kayla对父母的假期计划感到失望。所以后文应该是讲述Kayla内心对这个计划的看法，她虽然反对，但是也别无选择。讲述了Kayla做家务的经过。第二段开头是：但随着她开始做家务，情况开

136、始发生变化。本段应该写Kayla在做家务过程中的感受，她发现了做家务的乐趣，觉得做家务有意义。最后还要注意所续写短文的词数应为150左右。【点睛】本文描写详略得当，使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如：play with, be against, have no choice, pick up等高级词汇；How eagerly she wanted to go to out to play with her friends!运用了感叹句；When she finished her meaningful chores, Kayla enjoyed relaxing in her tree house.运用了时间状语从句等高级句式。