2022届高三英语全国统考一轮复习讲义：选修8 UNIT 1　THE WRITTEN WORD WORD版含解析.doc

1、温馨提示： 此套题为Word版，请按住Ctrl,滑动鼠标滚轴，调节合适的观看比例，答案解析附后。关闭Word文档返回原板块。选修8Unit 1The written word主题: 人与社会子话题: 文学与艺术对应教材: 选修6Unit 1Laughter is good for you; 选修8Unit 1The written word; 选修8Unit 2The universal language; 选修8Unit 3The world of colours and light; 选修8Unit 4Films and film events. 细品味经典文章(2020浙江高考 )I a

2、m an active playgoer and play-reader, and perhaps my best reason for editing this book is a hope of sharing my enthusiasm for the theater with others. To do this I have searched through dozens of plays to find the ones that I think best show the power and purpose of the short play. Each play has a t

3、heme or central idea which the playwright (剧作家) hopes to get across through dialogue and action. A few characters are used to create a single impression growing out of the theme. It is not my intention to point out the central theme of each of the plays in this collection, for that would, indeed, ru

4、in the pleasure of reading, discussing, and thinking about the plays and the effectiveness of the playwright. However, a variety of types is represented here. These include comedy, satire, poignant drama, historical and regional drama. To show the versatility (多面性) of the short play, I have included

5、 a guidance play, a radio play and a television play. Among the writers of the plays in this collection, Paul Green, Susan Glaspell, Maxwell Anderson, Thornton Wilder, William Saroyan, and Tennessee Williams have all received Pulitzer Prizes for their contributions to the theater. More information a

6、bout the playwrights will be found at the end of this book. To get the most out of reading these plays, try to picture the play on stage, with you, the reader, in the audience. The houselights dim (变暗 ). The curtains are about to open, and in a few minutes the action and dialogue will tell you the s

7、tory. . 按要求完成任务1. 写出文章中与文学艺术有关的单词和短语。editing this book, theater, short play, a theme or central idea, playwright, get across through dialogue and action, characters, theme, comedy, satire, poignant drama, historical, regional drama, Pulitzer Prizes, story2. 你最喜欢的文学作品是什么? 为什么? My favorite literature

8、is Robinson Crusoe written by Daniel-Defoe. I learn the spirit of stubbornness, courage, and friendship from Robinson, the hero. . 重点词汇1. resist vi&vt. 反抗, 抵制, 抵挡【典型例句】She could hardly resist laughing on those occasions. 在那些场合她总忍不住要笑。【词块必记】(1)resist (doing) sth. 抵制(做)某事cant resist doing sth. =cant h

9、elp doing sth. 禁不住/忍不住做某事(2)resistant adj. 抵抗的, 反抗的be resistant to. . . 对抗拒的, 耐的(3)resistancen. 抵抗, 反对resistance to. . . 对的抵制【误区释疑】(1)resist表示 “忍住”, 常与表示否定意义的cant/can hardly/be not able to连用, resist之后常接名词、动名词或代词, 而不接动词不定式。 相近的表达方式还有: cant stand doing; cant bear doing。(2)表示“忍不住, 禁不住做某事”的另外两个重要短语是: ca

10、nt help doing sth. ; cant help but do sth. 。【语境速测】 单句语法填空When she got to the place, she could not resist going (go) in. We came up against a great deal of resistance (resist) in dealing with the case. We should take exercise to build up resistance to the 2019-nCoV. They are thinking about how to imp

11、rove plants to make them more resistant (resist) to disease. 完成句子They resisted my proposal because they thought the plan would cost too much money. 他们反对我提出的计划, 因为他们认为这个计划花钱太多。【写作金句】 Teenagers need to be taught how to tell and resist bad information consciously. 应该教给青少年如何来辨别和自觉抵制不良的信息。2. rescue n. &v

12、t. 救援, 营救【典型例句】He dived from the bridge to rescue the drowning child. 他从桥上跳入水中去抢救那位溺水儿童。【词块必记】(1)rescue sb. /sth. from. . . 从营救某人/使某物免于(2)come/go to ones rescue前来/去营救某人【语境速测】 单句语法填空Helicopters rescued nearly 20 people from the roof of the burning building. He got a purchase on a branch until we came

13、 to his rescue. 【写作金句】Same sickness and pity, same sorrow and rescue. 同病相怜, 同忧相救。3. reputation n. 名誉, 名声【教材原句】Burns had a reputation for being funny and pleasant to be around. (P14)彭斯以有趣和魅力而闻名。【词块必记】【语境速测】 单句语法填空Their media has earned the reputation for being rather dull and uninteresting. It has a

14、high reputation of many years standing for good quality. 完成句子She has had a high reputation for her outstanding performance in the anti-epidemic campaign. 她因在抗疫战斗中的出色表现享有很高的声望。It is sensible to work for a company of good reputation. 明智之举是挑选一家声望好的公司。【写作金句】 Chinese people have the reputation of being v

15、ery hospitable. 中国人有非常好客的美誉。. 核心短语4. bent on (doing) sth. 决心做某事(通常指坏事); 一心想做某事, 专心致志于(做)某事【典型例句】She seemed bent on restoring their relationship. 她似乎一心要修复他们的关系。【词块必记】(1)be bent on doing sth. =be determined to do sth. 决心做某事(2)bend ones mind/efforts to do sth. 致力于做某事【语境速测】 单句语法填空He was bent on reformin

16、g (reform) the system of his company. 一句多译他决心去帮助偏远地区的贫困孩子, 集资建了一所学校。Bent on helping/Determined to help the poor children in the remote area, he raised money to build a school. 5. live up to达到, 符合(期望)【典型例句】He determined to live up to the expectations of his parents. 他决心不辜负父母的期望。【词块必记】【语境速测】 用适当的介副词填空

17、I hope I can live up to what you expect of me. Dogs and cats cannot live with each other in the same house. I dont know how I lived through the last week, waiting for the result. Now our monthly income is more than enough to live on. We are living a happy life now. 【写作金句】 Young people should have a

18、specific goal and live up to their youth. 年轻人应该有着明确的目标, 不能辜负他们的青春。. 经典句式6. People dislike it when Joe comes to visit him in London. 皮普不喜欢乔来伦敦看他。【典型例句】I dislike it when you speak to me with your mouth full of food. 我不喜欢你满嘴含着饭跟我说话。I really enjoy it when patients come to see me after they have recovere

19、d. 当病人康复之后来看我, 我感到由衷地欣慰(开心)。【句型公式】it作形式宾语形式v. +it +when或if引导的从句常用动词enjoy, like, dislike, love, hate, appreciate【语境速测】 完成句子I like it when all of the Christmas lights light up. 我喜欢所有圣诞灯都点燃的时候。I dislike it when the weather gets really hot in summer. 当夏天天气变得太热的时候我就不喜欢了。I would appreciate it if you would

20、 just let me deal with this. 如果你能让我来处理这件事, 我将不胜感激。I hate it when people look at me like that. 我讨厌人们像那样看着我。【备选要点】1. desperate adj. 铤而走险的, 拼命的, 绝望的; 非常需要, 渴望【典型例句】Doctors were fighting a desperate battle to save the little girls life. 医生们不惜一切地奋力抢救小女孩的生命。【词块必记】(1)be desperate for sth. 渴望某物be desperate

21、to do sth. 渴望做某事in desperate need of非常需要(2)desperately adv. 绝望地, 拼命地, 极度地, 非常地(3)desperation n. 绝望, 铤而走险in desperation绝望地, 不顾一切地【语境速测】 单句语法填空Her insecurity made her desperate to get (get)other peoples approval. I am not desperate for a job, although I have received some offers from employers. The co

22、untry desperately (desperate) needs more houses, and the key to the problem, as usual, is money. He fell into desperation (desperate) on hearing the sad news. 2. generous adj. 慷慨的, 大方的; 宽厚的, 仁慈的【典型例句】It was very generous of them to share their meal with their out-of-work neighbors. 他们愿意让失业的邻人共享餐食, 真

23、的十分慷慨。【词块必记】(1)be generous with sth. 在上很大方be generous to sb. 对某人很慷慨be generous in doing sth. 乐于做某事It is generous of sb. to do sth. 某人做某事很大方(2)generosityn. 慷慨, 大方generouslyadv. 慷慨地, 大方地【语境速测】 单句语法填空They lived well and were generous with their money. It was very generous of you to send me such a beaut

24、iful and fancy gift. 一句多译你的父亲非常慷慨, 给了你这么多钱。Your father was very generous to give you so much money. =It was very generous of your father to give you so much money. 3. threat n. 威胁, 恐吓【典型例句】The murderer is a threat to everyone in the town. 那个杀人犯对镇上的每个人来说都是一种威胁。【词块必记】(1)a threat to sb. /sth. 对某人 /某物是个

25、威胁(2)threaten vt. 威胁, 恐吓threaten to do sth. 威胁做某事threaten. . . with. . . 用威胁【语境速测】 单句语法填空Air pollution has become a threat to human survival. The manager threatened his employee with dismissal. The killer threatened to murder (murder) me if I didnt obey. 【文化金句】The doctrine of the immortality of the

26、soul has more threat than comfort. 灵魂永垂不朽的教义比安慰更具威胁性。4. debt n. 债务, 欠款【典型例句】I need to pay off all my debts before I leave the country. 我得在离开该国之前清偿所有的债务。【词块必记】in debt负债, 欠债, 欠情get into debt 借债, 欠债get/be out of debt摆脱债务, 还清债务pay off ones debts还清债务【熟词生义】读句子, 悟含义I would like to acknowledge my debt to my

27、 teachers. (恩情)【语境速测】 单句语法填空Well get into debt if you spend more than our income. Stop spending so fast, or youll end us up in debt. Many people experience difficulty in paying off their debts. 完成句子Im heavily in debt at the moment, but hope to be out of debt/pay off my debts when I get paid. 我现在债台高筑

28、, 但我希望在我拿到工资后还清债务。5. tune n. 曲调, 曲子vt. 调音, 校音; 调频道; 调节【典型例句】The instruments should be tuned up before each performance. 每个节目开始前都应将乐器调好。【词块必记】(1)in tune 音调准确; 演奏合调out of tune 音调不准确; 演奏走调be in tune with. . . 与协调一致out of tune with. . . 与不协调(2)tune up 调弦, 定弦【语境速测】 用tune构成的短语填空He is easy-going and in tun

29、e with his company. When I began to sing, my song was out of tune, and I was very embarrassed. She tuned up her piano and began to play the beautiful tune. 【写作金句】 A person out of tune with his surroundings is unhappy. 一个与环境格格不入的人是不会快乐的。6. touch on谈及, 涉及【典型例句】In his lecture he touched on the major as

30、pects of the poetry. 他在演讲中谈到了诗歌的一些主要方面。【词块必记】(1)touch upon提及, 涉及, 谈到(2)get in touch with sb. 与某人取得联系be/stay/keep in touch with sb. 与某人保持联系be out of touch with sb. 与某人失去联系lose touch with sb. 与某人失去联系【误区释疑】get in touch with是“与取得联系”, 强调动作; keep in touch with是“保持联系”, 与be in touch with 相似, 都是强调一种状态。 【语境速测

31、】 完成句子Let me now deal more fully with the important question that was touched on earlier. 现在我来详细谈一谈前面已经提到的那个重要问题。Ill get in touch with you before Monday and tell you the result. 我星期一以前会和你联系, 并把结果告诉你。We have been out of touch with them for two years. 我们与他们失去联系两年了。【文化金句】The lecture is mainly on Shakes

32、peare, but it also touches on other dramatists as well. 这次演讲主要是关于莎士比亚的, 但也涉及其他的戏剧家。7. Pips sister often abuses him, but Joe is a kind and simple man who would rather die than see any harm come to Pip. 皮普的姐姐经常辱骂他, 但乔是一个善良淳朴的人, 他宁愿死也不愿意看到皮普受到任何伤害。【典型例句】I would rather try and fail than give up the plan

33、. 我宁愿试了失败了, 也不愿放弃计划。I would rather accept his apology than quarrel with him. 我宁愿接受道歉也不愿和他争吵。【句型公式】【语境速测】 单句语法填空I would rather you stayed (stay) with me tomorrow. I would rather you had stayed (stay) at home last night. 一句多译我酷爱读书, 因此我宁愿读小说和诗歌也不愿上网玩游戏。I am a bookworm, so I would rather read fictions a

34、nd poetry than play video games on the Internet. =I am a bookworm, so I would read fictions and poetry rather than play video games on the Internet. =I am a bookworm, so I prefer to read fictions and poetry rather than play video games on the Internet. . 单句语法填空1. (2020全国卷)Using emojis can add humor

35、and feeling, keeping intention (intend) clear. 2. (2020浙江高考)I ran desperately (desperate) but failed to catch up. 3. (2020全国卷)The next morning he hired a boat and set out to find the well-known painter (paint). 4. (2020江苏高考)One self-deprecating comment is a generous (generosity) and even confident f

36、orm of humor. 5. (2019全国卷)Theres tension (tense) and anxiety from the beginning as Nick and Amy battle for your trust. . 微短文改错(每句中最多2个错)1. The author is desperately to make his new fiction and poetry knowing to readers. desperately改为desperate;knowing改为known2. The millionaire was very generously and

37、bent on raise a monument for a hero fighting with criminals. generously改为generous;raise改为raising3. He was not afraid of the criminals threat and violence, so he refused to be on run at a remote village. run前加the4. He worked hard to become a painter with good reputation to live up for his parents exp

38、ectations. good前加a;for改为to5. The father loved his son very much, so when his son was in danger, he desperately came to him rescue. him改为his. 语法填空(黑体词为本单元重点词汇)Tom is a bookworm and he likes reading poetry, dramas and fictions 1. especially (especial) written by famous novelists and authors. But he do

39、esnt like soap operas. Sometimes, he reads some 2. novels(novel) containing criminal plots and chapters with tension. His aim is to be a painter and a millionaire. He adores his father, 3. who is generous and kind of rigid sometimes. His father has 4. a good reputation. He is civil and always 5. liv

40、es (live) up to his promise. He is bent on giving some clothes to people in rags and giving money to people in debt because of poverty. He resists 6. dealing (deal)with things with 7. violence (violent) and is never afraid of criminals threat. When someone is in a 8. dangerous (danger) situation, he

41、 is always ready to come 9. to his rescue. When he touches on his future aims, he 10. is intended (intend)to do more things for the whole society. People all believe that his efforts and kindness will not be in vain. 核心素养了解中外文学作品, 培养学生的艺术情操, 提高学生对文学艺术作品的鉴赏能力高考链接2020全国卷阅读理解B, 2020新高考卷阅读理解A, 2020新高考卷阅

42、读理解C, 2020浙江高考阅读理解A, 2019全国卷阅读理解A, 2019全国卷阅读理解A, 2019天津高考阅读理解B, 2019全国卷阅读理解B, 2019浙江高考阅读填句, 2019天津高考书面表达, 2019天津高考书面表达, 2018全国卷阅读填句, 2018浙江高考阅读理解A. 话题与阅读理解(2020新高考卷阅读理解C)In the mid-1990s, Tom Bissell taught English as a volunteer in Uzbekistan. He left after seven months, physically broken and havin

43、g lost his mind. A few years later, still attracted to the country, he returned to Uzbekistan to write an article about the disappearance of the Aral Sea. His visit, however, ended up involving a lot more than that. Hence this book, Chasing the Sea: Lost Among the Ghosts of Empire in Central Asia, w

44、hich talks about a road trip from Tashkent to Karakalpakstan, where millions of lives have been destroyed by the slow drying up of the sea. It is the story of an American travelling to a strange land, and of the people he meets on his way: Rustam, his translator, a lovely 24-year-old who picked up h

45、is colorful English in California, Oleg and Natasha, his hosts in Tashkent, and a string of foreign aid workers. This is a quick look at life in Uzbekistan, made of friendliness and warmth, but also its darker side of society. In Samarkand, Mr Bissell admires the architectural wonders, while on his

46、way to Bukhara he gets a taste of police methods when suspected of drug dealing. In Ferghana, he attends a mountain funeral(葬礼)followed by a strange drinking party. And in Karakalpakstan, he is saddened by the dust storms, diseases and fishing boats stuck miles from the sea. Mr Bissell skillfully or

47、ganizes historical insights and cultural references, making his tale a well-rounded picture of Uzbekistan, seen from Western eyes. His judgment and references are decidedly American, as well as his delicate stomach. As the author explains, this is neither a travel nor a history book, or even a piece

48、 of reportage. Whatever it is, the result is a fine and vivid description of the purest of Central Asian traditions. 【文章大意】本文是对Tom Bissell的书的介绍与评论。1. What made Mr Bissell return to Uzbekistan? A. His friends invitation. B. His interest in the country. C. His love for teaching. D. His desire to regai

49、n health. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段中的A few years later, still attracted to the country, he returned to Uzbekistan to write an article about the. . . 可知他对这个国家感兴趣。2. What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A. Developing a serious mental disease. B. Taking a guided tour in Central Asia.

50、C. Working as a volunteer in Uzbekistan. D. Writing an article about the Aral Sea. 【解析】选D。词义猜测题。根据第二段的第一句话“他再次访问乌兹别克斯坦的结果比那要多得多”可推知that指代上一段的最后一句话也就是他去那里的目的, 即写一本关于the Aral Sea消失的书, 故选D。3. Which of the following best describes Mr Bissells road trip in Uzbekistan? A. Romantic. B. Eventful. C. Pleasan

51、t. D. Dangerous. 【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据文中的第二、三段, 特别是第三段他被警察怀疑贩毒, 参加了奇怪的葬礼, 后来又突然遭遇沙尘暴、疾病, 渔船困在了海里等这样的经历可推知他的乌兹别克斯坦之旅是“多事故的”, 故选B。4. What is the purpose of this text? A. To introduce a book. B. To explain a cultural phenomenon. C. To remember a writer. D. To recommend a travel destination. 【解析】选A。主旨大意题。分析文章

52、结构可知作者先引出书的名字, 在第二、三段对书作了简单介绍, 以及最后对书进行评价, 故作者的目的就是介绍这样一本书。故选A。【难句剖析】Mr Bissell skillfully organizes historical insights and cultural references, making his tale a well-rounded picture of Uzbekistan, seen from Western eyes. 分析: making his tale a well-rounded picture of Uzbekistan在句中是现在分词短语作结果状语; see

53、n from Western eyes则是过去分词作后置定语, 修饰picture。翻译: Mr Bissell巧妙地将历史见解和文化素材组织起来, 使他的故事从西方人的视角全方面地描绘了乌兹别克斯坦。【微技能点拨】挖掘隐含信息, 破解推理判断题本文中第3题为推理判断题, 根据策略解题如下: Step 1确定题干关键词: best describes Mr Bissells road trip in UzbekistanStep 2回到原文准定位: In Samarkand, Mr Bissell admires the architectural wonders, while on his

54、way to Bukhara he gets a taste of police methods when suspected of drug dealing. In Ferghana, he attends a mountain funeral followed by a strange drinking party. And in Karakalpakstan, he is saddened by the dust storms, diseases and fishing boats stuck miles from the sea. Step 3对比选项找最佳: 尝试解答B。【语用提能】

55、话题词汇article, cultural reference, tale, author, history book短语lose ones mind, end up doing, dry up, pick up, be suspected of, as well as熟词生义taste n. 体验, 尝试【微语法填空】(2020新高考卷阅读理解C改编)阅读上面短文, 根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。 【参考范文】Tom Bissell wrote an article about the disappearance of the Aral Sea. The book, Chasing

56、the Sea: Lost Among the Ghosts of Empire in Central Asia, talks about a road trip from Tashkent to Karakalpakstan. The trip witnesses the friendly and warm aspect of the life in Uzbekistan as well as its darker side of society. The author skillfully organizes historical insights and cultural referen

57、ces, showing a well-rounded picture of Uzbekistan, seen from Western eyes. . 话题与写作(2019天津高考改编)假设你是晨光中学的李津, 为配合学校的“读书月”活动, 你校英语社团的微信公众号开展以“Lets Read”为题的征文活动。要求同学们根据个人的阅读体会, 从所读过的书籍中选定一种类型, 推荐给其他同学。现请你投稿, 文章内容应包括: (1)推荐书籍的类型及特点; (2)推荐的理由。 参考词汇: 科幻小说 science fiction侦探小说 detective novel魔幻小说 fantasy传记文学

58、biography科普读物 popular science注意: (1)词数100左右;(2)所选书籍类型不限于参考词汇给出的范围; (3)内容充实、行文连贯; (4)题目已给出, 不计入总词数。Lets ReadMarch 22, 2019By Li Jin Step 1写作技巧词汇提升(短语优先)I am proud that I am a Chinese and I will try to build a more powerful country and let Chinese history more brilliant. I am proud that I am a Chinese

59、 and I will make more effort to build a more powerful country and let Chinese history more brilliant. 句式多变 (强调谓语)I hope youll like it! I do hope youll like it! 逻辑严谨(添加细节)The author selects important and famous figures and events in the history of China, which he organizes according to historical mat

60、erials, and makes them easy to understand. The author selects important and famous figures and events in the history of China, which he organizes according to historical materials, and writes in modern language to make them easy to understand. Step 2妙笔成篇Lets ReadMarch 22, 2019By Li JinToday Id like

61、to introduce a book to you which I like very muchThe Five Thousand Years History, which belongs to history books. The author selects important and famous figures and events in the history of China, which he organizes according to historical materials, and writes in modern language to make them easy

62、to understand. This book opens a history gate to me and I feel more confident about my own country. I am proud that I am a Chinese and I will make more effort to build a more powerful country and let Chinese history more brilliant. I think everyone should read it and get this wonderful experience. I

63、 do hope youll like it! Enjoy reading! 阅读填句This Way to Dreamland Daydreaming means people think about something pleasant, especially when this makes them forget what they should be doing. Daydreamers have a bad reputation for being unaware of whats happening around them. They can seem forgetful and

64、clumsy. 1They annoy us because they seem to be ignoring us and missing the important things. But daydreamers are also responsible for some of the greatest ideas and achievements in human history. 2Can you imagine what kind of world we would have without such ideas and inventions? So how can you come

65、 up with brilliant daydreams and avoid falling over tree roots or otherwise looking like a fool? First, understand that some opportunities(机会) for daydreaming are better than others. Feeling safe and relaxed will help you to slip into daydreams. 3And if you want to improve your chances of having a c

66、reative idea while youre daydreaming, try to do it while you are involved in another taskpreferably something simple, like taking a shower or walking, or even making meaningless drawings. Its also important to know how to avoid daydreams for those times when you really need to concentrate. “Mindfuln

67、ess”, being focused, is a tool that some people use to avoid falling asleep. 4Finally, you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your mind has moved slowly away. 5Always remember that your best ideas might come when your head is actually in the clouds. A. Having interesting things to thi

68、nk about also helps. B. They stare off into space and wander by themselves. C. Without wandering minds, we wouldnt have relatively, Coke or Post-it notes. D. At one time, daydreaming was thought to be a cause of some mental illnesses. E. It involves slow, steady breathing for self-control that helps

69、 people stay calm and attentive. F. Daydreams are often very simple and direct, quite unlike sleep dreams, which may be hard to understand. G. Therefore, its a good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby when youre in the daydream zone. 【文章大意】本文主要介绍了每个人都会做的白日梦, 白日梦有不好的方面, 但也有很多好的地方。文章中给出了几

70、条很好的利用其积极面的建议。1. 【解析】选B。首先作者给出主题句“Daydreamers have a bad reputation”, 后面用三个并列句给出做白日梦者不好的方面, 主语、词义都相似。故选B。2. 【解析】选C。转折谈做白日梦的好处, “greatest ideas”是关键词, 所以本空可以用例证说明greatest ideas指什么。故选C。3. 【解析】选A。提出做梦的机会(opportunities), 后面提出增加机会的方法, 三句为并列关系, 阐述做什么能够帮助人更好地进入daydream的状态, 因此A选项关键词also helps最为符合。4. 【解析】选E。阐释问题和解决办法。阐述如何做到Mindfulness(being focused), 与E选项中的self-control(stay calm and attentive)相匹配。故选E。5. 【解析】选G。阐释问题和解决办法。提出“never know what wonderful idea might strike”, 后面应该提供具体的应对策略, 所以建议最好随时把好的想法记录下来。而记录所需要的重要工具就是G选项中的notebook(笔记本)和voice recorder(录音设备), G与前一句恰好形成因果关系。故选G。关闭Word文档返回原板块