新教材2021-2022学年人教版英语选择性必修第三册学案：UNIT 5 POEMS 预习 新知早知道 WORD版含解析.doc

1、.匹配词义a单词匹配()1.sorrowAadj.空白的；无图画(或韵律、装饰)的；没表情的n空白；空格()2.rhymeBn.情绪；心情；语气()3.diamondCvt.修改；润色；抛光n上光剂；抛光；擦亮()4.amateurDn.悲伤；悲痛；伤心事vi.感到悲伤()5.moodEn.a strong regular repeated pattern of sounds or movements()6.delicate Fn.the latest time or date by which something should be completed()7.revolve Gn.a pre

2、cious stone of pure carbon，the hardest naturally occurring substance()8.blank Hn.业余爱好者 adj.业余的；业余爱好的()9.deadline Iadj.精美的；精致的；脆弱的()10.polish Jvi.旋转；环绕；转动答案15DEGHB610IJAFCb短语匹配()1.to the pointA由组成(构成)()2.be popular withB有意义；讲得通()3.be made up ofC简单恰当；简洁中肯()4.make senseD受欢迎()5.be translated intoE被翻译成答案

3、15CDABE.默写单词1literary adj.文学的；爱好文学的；有文学作品特征的2nursery adj. 幼儿教育的 n. 托儿所；保育室3folk adj. 民间的；民俗的；普通百姓的4tease vi.&vt. 取笑(某人)；揶揄；逗弄5syllable n. 音节6await vt. 等候；期待；将发生在7utter vt. 出声；说；讲 adj. 完全的；十足的；彻底的8prejudice n. 偏见；成见 vt. 使怀有(或形成)偏见9complicated adj. 复杂的；难懂的10sow vt.&vi. 播种；种.选词填空utter；tease；sorrow；dead

4、line；await；blank；complicated；version；polish；prejudice1They said that the decision was made more in sorrow than in anger.2There is little prejudice against workers from other EU states.3The situation in Lebanon is very complicated4He polished his glasses with a handkerchief.5I hope we can finish this

5、 before the deadline6The English version of the novel is due for publication next year.7She turned to a blank page in her notebook.8He smacked his lips but did not utter a word.9Dont tease him about his weight，youre being cruel.10We know that many difficulties await us.语法填空之派生词1They finished first a

6、nd second respectively(respective)2His behaviour was completely beyond comprehension(comprehend)3She met people in London who were sympathetic(sympathy) to the Indian freedom struggle.4Her youngest child is at nursery(nurse)now.5I refused to enter into any correspondence(correspond) with him about i

7、t.6They have pledged (保证) to end racial(race) discrimination in areas such as employment.1There are various reasons why people compose poetry.人们写诗的原因是多方面的。2One of the simplest kinds of poem is the “list poem”，which contains a list of things，people，ideas，or descriptions that develop a particular them

8、e.最简单的一种诗是“清单诗”，它包含了一系列发展特定主题的事物、人物、思想或描述。3List poems have a flexible line length and repeated phrases which give both a pattern and a rhythm to the poem.清单诗有一个灵活的行长度和重复的短语，这给诗歌提供了一种模式和节奏。4Another simple form of poem that amateurs can easily write is the cinquain，which is made up of five lines. 另一种业

9、余爱好者很容易写的简体诗是由五行组成的，叫作五行诗。5With so many different forms of poetry to choose from，you may eventually want to write poems of your own. 有这么多不同形式的诗歌可供选择，你也许最终想写属于你自己的诗了。词语助读compose poetry撰写诗歌composer nC作曲者，作曲家convey vt.表达，传递(思想、感情等)sorrow nU悲伤；悲痛；伤心事 vi.感到悲伤distinctive adj.独特的，特别的，有特色的economical use of

10、words简练的用词economical adj.简洁的，节俭的，节约的literary devices文学手法literary adj.文学的；爱好文学的；有文学作品特征的line nC诗行，字行，便条，留言条，歌词rhyme nC押韵词；押韵的短诗vi.& vt.(使)押韵folk songs nC民歌，民谣folk adj.民间的；民俗的；普通百姓的to the point简单恰当，简洁中肯recite vt.背诵；吟诵；列举a diamond ring一枚钻戒diamond nU，C钻石；金刚石；C菱形looking glass nC镜子构词法looking glass是由“v.ing

11、n.”构成的复合名词。类似的词还有：sleeping pill(安眠药)，dining car(火车的餐车)，living room(客厅)等。flexible adj.灵活的，可变动的amateur nC业余爱好者 adj.业余的；业余爱好的be made up of由组成(构成)mood nC情绪；心情；语气format nC格式；总体安排；(出版物的)版式 vt.格式化respectively adv.分别；各自；依次为respective adj.分别的；各自的delicate adj.精美的；精致的；脆弱的in particular尤其，特别transform vt.使改变外观(或性

12、质)，使改观；使改变形态人物小传王建(768835)，字仲初，颍川(现河南省许昌市)人，唐朝诗人。出身寒微，中过进士，曾一度从军，也做过官，晚年无妻无子，生活凄苦。他的诗题材广泛，思想深刻，多反映社会生活和人民疾苦。名篇有田家行水夫谣羽林行射虎行古从军渡辽水田家留客望夫石等。原文呈现A FEW SIMPLE FORMS OF ENGLISH POEMSThere are various reasons why people compose poetry1Some poems tell a story or describe a certain image in the readers mind

13、.Others try to convey certain feelings such as joy and sorrow.The distinctive characteristics of poetry often include economical use of words，descriptive and vivid language，integrated imagery，literary devices such as similes and metaphors，and arrangement of words，lines，rhymes，and rhythm.Poets use ma

14、ny different forms of poetry to express themselves.Now we will look at a few of the simpler forms.1画线部分为why引导的定语从句，修饰先行词various reasons。Some of the first poems a young child learns in English2 are nursery rhymes.They are usually the traditional poems or folk songs.The language of these rhymes，like P

15、oem A，is to the point but has a storyline.Many children enjoy nursery rhymes because they rhyme，have a strong rhythm，and often repeat the same words.The poems may not make sense and even seem contradictory，but they are easy to learn and recite.3By playing with the words in nursery rhymes，children le

16、arn about language.2画线部分为定语从句，修饰先行词Some of the first poems，此处的先行词被序数词the first修饰，关系词宜用that而不用which，但由于关系词在该定语从句中作宾语，故被省略。3本句是由but连接的并列句。but后的分句属于“主语beadj.(for sb.)不定式”句型。AHush，little baby，dont say a word，Papas gonna buy you a mockingbird.If that mockingbird wont sing，Papas gonna buy you a diamond ri

17、ng.If that diamond ring turns to brass，Papas gonna buy you a looking glass.If that lookingglass gets broke，Papas gonna buy you a billy goat.If that billy goat wont pull，Papas gonna buy you a cart and bull.One of the simplest kinds of poem is the“list poem”，which contains a list of things，people，idea

18、s，or descriptions that develop a particular theme.4List poems have a flexible line length and repeated phrases which give both a pattern and a rhythm to the poem.Some rhymelike B and C，while others do not.4本句为主从复合句。which在此引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the“list poem”；该定语从句中又包含一个that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词a list of things，pe

19、ople，ideas，or descriptions。BMotherHundreds of stars in the deep blue sky，Hundreds of shells on the shore together，Hundreds of birds that go singing by，Hundreds of bees in the sunny weather，Hundreds of dewdrops to greet the dawn，Hundreds of bees in the purple clover，Hundreds of butterflies on the law

20、n，But only one mother the world over.George CooperCLIFELife can be good，Life can be bad，Life is mostly cheerful，but sometimes sadLife can be dreams，Life can be great thoughtsLife can mean a person，Sitting in court.Another simple form of poem that amateurs can easily write is the cinquain，which is ma

21、de up of five lines.With these，you can convey a strong picture or a certain mood in just a few words.Look at the exampleDDBrotherBeautiful，athleticTeasing，shouting，laughingFriend and enemy tooMineHaiku is a Japanese form of poetry that consists of 17 syllables.It has a format of three lines，containi

22、ng 5，7，and 5 syllables respectively5It is not a traditional form of English poetry，but is very popular with English writers.It is easy to write and，like the cinquain，can give a clear picture and create a special feeling using very few words.The haiku poemE on the right is a translation from Japanese

23、，which shows a moment in the life of a delicate butterfly.5画线部分为v.ing短语作状语。EA fallen blossomIs coming back to the branch.Look，a butterfly!English speakers also enjoy poems from China，those from the Tang Dynasty in particular.A lot of Tang poetry has been translated into English，such as this oneFFWhe

24、re she awaits her husbandOn and on the river flows.Never looking back，Transformed into stone.Day by day upon the mountain top，wind and rain revolve.Should the traveller return，this stone would utter speech.Wang JianWith so many different forms of poetry to choose from6，you may eventually want to wri

25、te poems of your own.Give it a try!6画线部分为with复合结构，动词不定式短语在此表示动作尚未发生。译文参考英文诗歌类型简介人们写诗的原因是多方面的。有些诗歌讲述了一个故事，或描述了读者心中的某个形象。其他诗歌试图传达某些情感，如快乐和悲伤。诗歌的显著特点通常包括：用词简洁；语言描述生动、形象；具备整合的意象；使用明喻和暗喻等文学手法；词、行、韵、节奏等编排有序。诗人用不同种类的诗歌来表达自己。现在我们来了解一些较为简单的诗歌形式。孩子们最早学习的一些英语诗歌是童谣，它们通常是传统诗歌或民谣。这些童谣(如诗歌A)的语言简单明了，但带有故事情节。许多孩子喜欢童

26、谣是因为它们押韵且节奏感强，经常重复同样的单词。这些诗可能讲不通，甚至看起来自相矛盾，但是它们容易学，也容易背诵。通过童谣中的文字游戏，孩子们学习了语言。A嘘，小宝贝，别说话，爸爸去给你买只嘲鸫。如果嘲鸫不唱歌，爸爸去给你买枚钻戒。如果钻戒变成黄铜，爸爸去给你买面镜子。如果镜子打碎了，爸爸去给你买只公山羊。如果公山羊拽不动，爸爸去给你买架牛车。最简单的一种诗是“清单诗”，它包含了一系列发展特定主题的事物、人物、思想或描述。清单诗有一个灵活的行长度和重复的短语，这给诗歌提供了一种模式和节奏。有些押韵像B和C，而另一些不押韵。B妈妈数百颗星星悬在深蓝色天空，数百枚贝壳齐聚海岸，数百只鸟儿唱着歌儿飞

27、过，数百只蜜蜂在晴天起舞，数百颗露珠迎接黎明，数百只蜜蜂落在紫色三叶草中，数百只蝴蝶在草丛翩翩起舞，但全世界只有一个妈妈。乔治库珀C生活生活可能美满，生活可能悲伤。生活常常充满欢乐，但有时令人沮丧生活可能是梦想，生活可能是智囊生活可能是一个人，坐在法庭之上。另一种业余爱好者很容易写的简体诗是由五行组成的，叫作五行诗。用这些，短短几句话，你便可描绘深刻的画面或传达某种情绪。请看示例D。D弟弟帅气，又健壮爱闹，爱叫，又爱笑是我的朋友也是我的敌人俳句是日本诗歌的一种形式，它由17个音节组成。格式分为3行，分别包含5、7和5个音节。它不属于传统的英语诗歌形式，但很受英国作家欢迎。俳句创作起来比较容易，跟五行诗一样，寥寥数词就能呈现出清晰的画面并营造独特的情绪。右边的俳句E由日文翻译而来，展示了美丽的蝴蝶生命中的一个瞬间。E凋落的花朵正要回到树枝上。瞧啊，是只蝴蝶！讲英语的人也非常喜欢中国诗歌，尤其是唐诗。有许多唐诗被翻译成英文，比如这一首诗F。F望夫处，江悠悠。化为石，不回头。山头日日风复雨。行人归来石应语。王建有这么多不同形式的诗歌可供选择，你也许最终想写属于你自己的诗了。去放手一试吧！