新教材2021-2022学年高中外研版英语选择性必修第四册单元检测:UNIT 5 INTO THE UNKNOWN WORD版含解析.doc
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1、单元综合检测(五)第一部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAdding math talk to story time at home is a winning factor for childrens math achievement, according to a new research from a university.The study from psychologists Sian Beilock and Susan Levine shows a marked inc
2、rease in math achievement among children whose families used Bedtime Math, an iPad app that delivers engaging math story problems for parents and children to solve together.Even children who used the app with their parents as little as once a week saw gains in math achievement by the end of the scho
3、ol year.The apps effect was especially strong for children whose parents tend to be anxious or uncomfortable with math.Previous research from this group has demonstrated the importance of adults attitudes to math for childrens math success.For example, a recent study found that mathanxious parents w
4、ho help their children with math homework actually weaken their childrens math achievement.The new findings demonstrate that structured, positive interactions around math at home can cut the link between parents uneasiness about math and childrens low math achievement.“Many people experience high le
5、vels of anxiety when they have to solve a math problem, with a majority of adults feeling at least some worries about math,” said Beilock, professor in psychology and author of Choke, a book about stress and performance.“These mathanxious parents are probably less likely to talk about math at home,
6、which affects how competent their children are in math.Bedtime Math encourages a dialogue between parents and kids about math and offers a way to engage in highquality math interactions in a loweffort, highimpact way.”Study participants included 587 firstgrade students and their parents.Families wer
7、e given an iPad installed with a version of the Bedtime Math app, with which parents and their children read stories and answer questions involving math, including topics like counting, shapes and problemsolving.A control group received a reading app that had similar stories without the math content
8、 and questions related to reading comprehension instead.Childrens math achievement was assessed at the beginning and end of the school year.Parents completed a questionnaire about their nervousness with math.The more times parents and children in the math group used the app, the higher childrens ach
9、ievement on a math assessment at the end of the school year.Indeed, children who frequently used the math app with their parents outperformed similar students in the reading group by almost three months in math achievement at years end.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个能够让孩子与父母亲通过交流而提高孩子数学水平的软件。1The previous
10、study found that _Ahelp from mathanxious parents improves childrens math achievementBinteractions around math at home will cut off the family relationshipCchildrens math achievement is related to parents attitude to mathDchildren can achieve more success if they see the importance of mathC细节理解题。根据第三
11、段的第一句“Previous research from this group has demonstrated the importance of adults attitudes to math for childrens math success.”可知,先前的研究发现,孩子数学成绩的好坏同父母对数学的态度有关,故C项正确。2We can infer from the passage that _Ait is the math problems related to the stories that make a great differenceBchildren whose paren
12、ts are uneasy about math are superior to other studentsCparents using the app for three months can see gains in math achievementDthe frequency of using the app has nothing to do with childrens achievementA推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的第二句“Families were given an iPad installed with a version of the Bedtime Math app,
13、 with which parents and their children read stories and answer questions involving math, including topics like counting, shapes and problemsolving.”可知,Bedtime Math的关键是里面含有与数学相关的故事。据此可以判断,父母和孩子一起讨论与数学有关的故事是保证孩子数学成功的关键,故A项正确。3What does the author want to tell us?AHighanxiety parents influence children
14、s attitude to math.BFrequent use of the app can develop problemsolving ability.CLoweffort activities create good parentchild relationship.DHighquality math interactions improve childrens performance.D写作意图题。通读全文可知,文章通过介绍一个软件来说明高质量的数学交流会提高孩子的数学成绩。故D项正确。BA DREAM, for me, is like a torch to light up my
15、insipid (平淡的) life and a pair of wings to fly me into the sky.The uncertainty of my future and the heavy burden of schoolwork had driven me into a negative situation and not until I had a dream did I get out there.I decided to become a hostess.It was last summer.I went to Jinan, which is famous for
16、its natural springs, and started to learn broadcast hosting.However, I found that it was not easy.The weather was bad.It was too hot to stay calm, which made me homesick.I called my parents at least five times a day.But as I tried my best to adapt to the weather and living conditions there, I became
17、 more independent.Another thing bothered me, too.My teacher criticised all my mistakes.Grievance (委屈) and exhaustion often reduced me to tears and sweat flowed down my checks.To get her recognition, I practised my voice skills in a park every day, even on rainy days.You cant imagine how happy I was
18、when she praised me for the first time.My dream enabled me to change a lot.Without my dream, I wouldnt have had the courage and the confidence to host the New Year party at our school.On stage, I knew that it was a good beginning to my hosting dream.I took the arts examination in the winter.To my de
19、light, I did well.And I was more than excited when I received the offers from Shandong Normal University, Yunnan Normal University and Yunnan Art Institute.My dream has powered so much energy in me that my life has become colourful every day.So, however hard it will be to stick to my dream, no way w
20、ill I give it up!【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了作者在梦想之光的照亮下一步步实现了自己成为女主持人的梦想的故事。4Why did the author feel her life was insipid in the beginning?ABecause she desired a better future.BBecause she was scared of pressure.CBecause she felt that life was dull.DBecause she had no goal.D推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The uncertainty of
21、 my future and the heavy burden of schoolwork had driven me into a negative situation and not until I had a dream did I get out there.”可推知,作者一开始觉得她的生活平淡无奇,因为她没有目标。故选D。5How did the writer overcome the difficulties she met in Jinan?ABy calling her parents often.BBy practising her voice in a park every
22、 day.CWith her persistence and adaptability.DWith her courage and confidence.C推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“But as I tried my best to adapt to the weather and living conditions there, I became more independent.”以及第四段中的“To get her recognition, I practised my voice skills in a park every day, even on rainy days.You
23、 cant imagine how happy I was when she praised me for the first time.”可知,作者用自己的毅力和适应能力克服了在济南遇到的困难。故选C。6What does the underlined word “it” in the 5th paragraph refer to?AHer courage and the confidence to host the party.BHer getting the teachers praise for the first time.CHer becoming more independent
24、.DHer doing well in the arts examination.A代词指代题。根据倒数第三段中的“Without my dream, I wouldnt have had the courage and the confidence to host the New Year party at our school.”可知,作者有勇气和信心在学校举办新年晚会。在舞台上,作者主持晚会的勇气和信心是她主持梦想的一个良好开端。故可知it指代上文她主持晚会的勇气和信心。故选A。7Which is the best title for the passage?ADreams Are Di
25、fficult to DevelopBHow to Achieve Your DreamCRealising Your Dream Is Not EasyDA Dream Will Light Your Approach to SuccessD标题归纳题。根据第一段第一句“A DREAM, for me, is like a torch to light up my insipid life and a pair of wings to fly me into the sky.”以及文章主要内容可知,文章主要讲述了作者在梦想给予的能量下,生活每天都变得丰富多彩的故事。故选D“梦想会照亮你走向成
26、功的道路。”CSelfdriving cars have been backed by the hope that they will save lives by getting involved in fewer crashes with fewer injuries and deaths than humandriven cars.But so far, most comparisons between human drivers and automated vehicles have been unfair.Crash statistics for humandriven cars ar
27、e gathered from all sorts of driving situations and all types of roads.However, most of the data on selfdriving cars safety have been recorded often in good weather and on highways, where the most important tasks are staying in the cars own lane and not getting too close to the vehicleahead.Automate
28、d cars are good at those tasks, but so are humans.It is true that selfdriving cars dont get tired, angry, frustrated or drunk.But neither can they yet react to uncertain situations with the same skill or anticipation of an attentive human driver.Nor do they possess the foresight to avoid potential d
29、angers.They largely drive from moment to moment, rather than think ahead to possible events literally down the road.To a selfdriving car, a bus full of people might appear quite similar to an uninhabited field.Indeed, deciding what action to take in an emergency is difficult for humans, but drivers
30、have sacrificed themselves for the greater good of others.An automated systems limited understanding of the world means it will almost never evaluate (评估) a situation the same way a human would.And machines cant be programmed in advance to handle every imaginable set of events.Some people may argue
31、that the promise of simply reducing the number of injuries and deaths is enough to support driverless cars.But experience from aviation (航空) shows that as new automated systems are introduced, there is often an increase in the rate of disasters.Therefore, comparisons between humans and automated veh
32、icles have to be performed carefully.To fairly evaluate driverless cars on how well they fulfill their promise of improved safety, its important to ensure the data being presented actually provide a true comparison.After all, choosing to replace humans with automation has more effects than simply a
33、oneforone exchange.【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。作者认为为了公平地评估无人驾驶汽车在多大程度上实现了其提高安全性的承诺,确保提供的数据能够提供真实的比较是很重要的。8What makes the comparison between selfdriving cars and humandriven cars unfair?ASelfdriving cars never get tired.BMachines can make decisions faster.CSelfdriving cars know the world better.DStatistics are co
34、llected differently.D细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Crash statistics for humandriven cars are gathered from all sorts of driving situations and all types of roads.However, most of the data on selfdriving cars safety have been recorded often in good weather and on highways, where the most important tasks are staying
35、in the cars own lane and not getting too close to the vehicleahead.”可知,统计数据的收集方式不同,使得自动驾驶汽车和人类驾驶汽车之间的比较不公平。故选D。9In which aspect can selfdriving cars beat humandriven cars?AClimbing steep slopes.BDriving steadily.CEvaluating the cost of loss.DMaking complex decisions.B细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Some people may ar
36、gue that the promise of simply reducing the number of injuries and deaths is enough to support driverless cars.”可知,有些人可能会说,仅仅减少受伤和死亡人数的承诺足以支持无人驾驶汽车。说明无人驾驶汽车非常稳定。故选B。10Why does the author write this text?ATo support humandriven cars.BTo show his doubt about selfdriving cars.CTo call for exact evaluat
37、ion of selfdriving cars.DTo stress the importance of reducing car accidents.C推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“To fairly evaluate driverless cars on how well they fulfill their promise of improved safety, its important to ensure the data being presented actually provide a true comparison.”可推知,作者写这篇文章是为了呼吁对自动驾驶汽车进行准确的评
38、估。故选C。11What is the text type of the passage?AA narrative.BA description.CAn argument.DAn exposition.C推理判断题。根据文章主要内容为讨论无人驾驶与人类驾驶之间的优点和缺点以及最后作者呼吁对自动驾驶汽车进行准确的评估可知,文章主要是采用议论文的形式来展开说明的。故选C。DThe world itself is becoming much smaller by using modern traffic and modern communication means.Life today is muc
39、h easier than it was hundreds of years ago, but it has brought new problems.One of the biggest problems is pollution.To pollute means to make things dirty.Pollution comes in many ways.We see it, smell it, drink it and even hear it.Man has been polluting the earth.The more people, the more pollution.
40、Many years ago, the problem was not so serious because there were not so many people.When the land was used up or the river was dirty in one place, man moved to another place.But this is no longer true.Man is now slowly polluting the whole world.Air pollution is still the most serious.Its bad for al
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2019届人教A版数学必修二同步课后篇巩固探究:2-1-1 平面 WORD版含解析.docx
