新教材2021-2022学年高中英语外研版必修第一册学案：UNIT 1—2 A NEW START USING LANGUAGE WORD版含解析.doc

1、温馨提示： 此套题为Word版，请按住Ctrl,滑动鼠标滚轴，调节合适的观看比例，答案解析附后。关闭Word文档返回原板块。Unit 1 A new start Using language基本句型(Basic sentence structures)观察以下课文原句并思考下列句子属于哪个基本句型6。1. After I had pictured it over and over again. 2. The campus was still quiet when I arrived. 3. With butterflies in my stomach, I breathed deeply. 4

2、. Im wondering what life is going to be like here. 5. He gave me a smile. 6. Everyone started laughing. 7. It all depends on what you do. 8. His words made me a lot more relaxed. 归纳填空一、句子的基本成分根据英语词汇在句子中的地位和作用, 英语的句子成分可分为主语、谓语、表语、宾语、定语、状语、宾语补足语、同位语及独立成分等。1. 主语: 表示句子说的是什么人或什么事。通常由名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、动词不定

3、式、动名词、从句等充当。*She went out in a hurry. (代词)*To see is to believe. (动词不定式)*Smoking is bad for health. (动名词)*What he has said is true. (从句)2. 谓语: 说明主语做什么或怎么样。通常由动词或动词短语充当, 位于主语之后。实义动词可以单独作谓语, 连系动词需要和表语一起构成谓语; 情态动词和助动词需要和实义动词一起构成谓语。*We appreciate your help a lot. (实义动词)*He can speak English well. (情态动词+

4、动词原形)*She is talking with her sister. (助动词+实义动词)*The newly-baked bread tastes delicious. (连系动词+表语)3. 表语: 用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态。一般位于系动词之后, 由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及表语从句充当。*His job is taking care of children. (动名词短语)*Thats why he came here. (从句)*That remains a puzzle. (名词)*They seem to know the trut

5、h. (动词不定式)*The speech is exciting. (形容词)4. 宾语: 表示动作的对象或承受者, 一般位于及物动词和介词后面。常由名词、代词、动名词、不定式或相当于名词的词组和句子充当。(1)直接宾语表示动作的承受者或结果, 通常指物。(2)间接宾语表示动作的接受者或指向, 它位于直接宾语之前; 位于直接宾语之后时, 其前面则常加介词to或for。*She didnt say anything. (代词)*Did you write down what he said? (从句)*I succeeded in passing the exam. (动名词短语)*Would

6、 you like show me your passport? (间接宾语和直接宾语)5. 宾语补足语: 补充说明宾语的成分叫宾语补足语。一般由形容词、名词、副词、不定式、分词和介词短语等充当。*We found it necessary to study English. (形容词)*We made him monitor in our class. (名词)*We found him in trouble now. (介词短语) 主动语态变为被动语态后, 宾语补足语就变成了主语补足语。*The book is found very interesting. *He was last se

7、en playing near the river. 6. 定语: 修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。一般由形容词、名词、代词、数词、副词、不定式、动名词、分词、介词短语和从句等充当。*There are 54 students in our class. (数词)*There is a sleeping baby in bed. (动名词)*Tell the children playing there not to make any noise. (现在分词)*His spoken language is good. (过去分词)*That is the reason why I a

8、m against your advice. (从句)前置定语和后置定语形容词、代词、数词、名词、动名词、分词等作定语时, 通常放在被修饰词的前面, 叫前置定语; 而介词短语、动词不定式短语、分词短语、副词、从句作定语时, 通常放在被修饰词的后面, 叫后置定语。*Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom. (动词不定式)*The girl in white is his sister. (介词短语)7. 状语: 修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子, 说明动作或状态特征的句子成分, 叫状语。一般由副词、名词、数词、形容词、不定式、

9、分词、介词短语、独立主格和从句等充当。可表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、方式、伴随、条件、程度、让步、频率等。*He loves science fiction in particular. (介词短语)*His parents died, leaving him an orphan. (现在分词)*Please call me if it is necessary. (从句)*Suddenly, I heard the bird sing a song. (副词)*(2021浙江高考)You run into the grocery store to pick up one bottle

10、of water. (动词不定式)若时间状语和地点状语同时出现在一个句子中, 通常先说地点状语, 再说时间状语; 但是如果对这两个状语同时提问时, 则用when and where。*They held a meeting in the hall yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午他们在大厅里开了一个会议。*When and where did they hold a meeting? 他们何时何地开了一个会议? 写出下列句中加黑部分所作的句子成分(1)The performance on the stage is quite different from that in th

11、e movie. 主语(2)His wish is to become a scientist. 表语(3)Great changes have taken place in China since 1980. 谓语(4)He noticed a man enter the room. 宾语补足语(5)Would you tell me your advice? me为间接宾语; your advice为直接宾语(6)I opened the window to let some fresh air in. 状语(7)Ill never forget the day when I worked

12、 together with you. 定语二、七种基本句型1. 主谓: S+V(不及物动词)此句型的句子有一个共同特点, 即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫不及物动词。*We all eat, and drink. 我们都又吃又喝。*He is playing. 他在玩。2. 主谓状: S+V(不及物动词)+A不及物动词后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。*They talked for half an hour. 他们谈了半个小时。*I woke very soon. 我很快就醒了。3. 主谓宾: S+V(及物动词)+O此句型的句子有一个共同特点, 谓语动词都具有实义, 都是

13、主语产生的动作, 但不能表达完整的意思, 必须跟一个宾语, 即动作的承受者, 才能使意思完整。*They ate some apples. 他们吃了些苹果。*She laughs at him. 她嘲笑他。*I want to have a cup of tea. 我想喝杯茶。4. 主谓宾状: S+V(及物动词)+O+A此句型的句子有一个共同特点, 用“主谓宾”不足以表达完整的句意, 必须加上状语才可表明地点、程度、时间等细节问题。*They carried out the plan successfully. 他们成功地执行了计划。*I want to talk with you this

14、afternoon. 今天下午我想和你谈谈。5. 主谓双宾: S+V(及物动词)+IO(间接宾语)+DO(直接宾语)此句型的句子有一个共同特点, 谓语动词必须跟两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾语一个是直接宾语, 另一个是间接宾语。*She cooked her husband a delicious meal. 她给她丈夫做了一顿美餐。*He showed me that the bus was late. 他告诉我公共汽车晚点了。*She told me how to run the machine. 她告诉我如何操作机器。常见的能跟双宾语的及物动词(1)give, tell, teac

15、h, write, bring, lend, hand, show, offer, send, pay, pass, allow, return等词后的间接宾语可转换为介词to的宾语。*Please hand him a book! =Please hand a book to him! 请递给他一本书! (2)buy, do, get, fetch, save, make, sing, choose等词后的间接宾语可转换为介词for的宾语。*His father bought him a bike. =His father bought a bike for him. 他的父亲给他买了一辆自

16、行车。(3)ask, answer, take, cost等词无法改变结构形式。*The car cost me 2, 000 yuan for the repair. 这次修车花了我两千元。6. 主谓宾补: S+V(及物动词)+O+C此句型的句子有一个共同特点, 动词虽然是及物动词, 但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思, 必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语, 才能使意思完整。*He asked me to come back soon. 他让我尽快回来。*They found the house dirty. 他们发现房子很脏。*I saw them getting on the bus. 我

17、看到他们在上公交车。7. 主(系)表: S(+V系动词)+P此句型的句子有一个共同特点, 句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思, 必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语, 才能表达完整的意思。*The dinner smells good. 晚餐闻起来很香。*The book is interesting. 这本书是有趣的。【知识延伸】系动词大全1. 状态系动词, 用来表示主语状态, 只有be(am, is, are, was, were, been, being)。2. 持续系动词, 用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度, 主要有keep, remain, stay。*He alw

18、ays kept silent at the meeting. 他开会时总保持沉默。3. 表象系动词, 用来表示“看起来像”这一概念, 主要有seem, appear, look。*He seems (to be) very sad. 他似乎很难过。4. 感官系动词, 主要有feel, smell, sound, taste。*This flower smells very sweet. 这花闻起来很香。5. 变化系动词, 表示主语变成什么样, 主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come。*He went mad after that accident

19、. 那次事故后他疯了。6. 终止系动词, 表示主语已终止动作, 主要有prove, turn out。*The rumor proved false. 这谣言证实有假。*His plan turned out a success. 他的计划终于成功了。 写出下列句子的句型结构(1)They work hard. 主+谓+状(2)The flower is beautiful. 主(+系)+表(3)Plants need water. 主+谓+宾(4)He gives me some seeds. 主+谓+间宾+直宾(5)We should keep the plants in the shad

20、e. 主+谓+宾+宾补判断并写出下列各句属于哪种句子结构, 然后阅读短文, 选择适当的语句填入文中空白处。A. Im a teacher of the school. SPB. The exciting day came at last. SVAC. I found my classroom five minutes later. SVOAD. I saw many new facilities in the campus. SVOAE. He asked every one of us to give a self-introduction. SVOCMy first day at seni

21、or highI rushed out of my home with eagerness to get to know my new school. 1 I had imagined it over and over again in my mind. 2 And there were several new brilliant buildings standing on the playground. “You are a new student, right? ” A soft voice behind me asked. Turning around, I saw a young la

22、dy. “Yes, ” I said. “3 So if you need any help, please turn to me, ” she said with a smile on her face. 4. When I stepped into it, all the students had been there. Our head teacher, a middle-aged man with black and curly hair came in. 5 I felt very nervous. The feeling lasted more than half an hour,

23、 because I was the last one to give the introduction. What an impressive day! 答案: 15. BDACE. 判断并写出下面句子分别属于哪种基本句子结构1. All of us laughed. (SV)2. Mr Zhou is a kind and humorous teacher. (SP)3. We will have a meeting tomorrow morning. (SVOA)4. The 100-year-old building lies in the centre of the city. (S

24、VA)5. I found most of my classmates friendly and helpful. (SVOC). 汉译英1. 那个人已经到了。The man has arrived. 2. 我今天很高兴。I am very happy today. 3. 她给我们唱了一首英文歌曲。She sang us an English song. 4. 他们昨天晚上玩得很开心。They had great fun last night. 5. 你们的贡献将会使得这次活动获得巨大成功。Your contribution will certainly make the event a hu

25、ge success. Activity 1School clubs话题情境根据情境和提示完成对话。1. A: I think I will join the Drama Club(戏剧社). I can find my inner star on the stage. B: Wow. Drama is not for me. I enjoy arguing about hot topics(辩论热点话题) with others. 2. A: Why do you join the Nature Club? B: Because Im more interested in animals a

26、nd plants(我对动物和植物更感兴趣) and I often attend science lectures (听科学讲座). 3. A: Jane. How about the Photography Club? B: Oh, I cant explain it. Its just unreal. I can take great pictures (拍很棒的照片) for others or for myself. 4. A: Which club do you think she will join? B: Sports Club. In her opinion, sports

27、are the best ways to keep healthy(保持健康). 5. A: Which club would you like to join and why? B: Id like to join Music Club because I like to play the piano (喜欢弹钢琴)and I want to learn more about music. Besides, I find music is one of the best ways to relax. 话题词汇1. stay/keep fit and healthy保持健康2. daily p

28、ractice日常训练3. sing in a band在乐队里唱歌4. take great pictures拍很棒的照片5. attend science lectures听科学讲座6. argue about hot topics辩论热点话题7. play the piano/violin弹钢琴/拉小提琴8. Drama Club戏剧社9. take up challenges迎接挑战10. meet twice a month一个月见两次Activity 2Making a plan教材听力填空(听音频补全对话)Maisie和Bruno正在就如何管理好时间展开讨论Maisie: Hi

29、Bruno, how are you finding life at senior high? Bruno: Oh, hi Maisie. Well, its OK, I guess. The one problem is that I just dont seem to have enough time for everything. There are basketball games, the music chub, the school party. . . Maisie: Wow, youve got a lot on. But its more or less the same f

30、or me. And I find I always forget something. Bruno: Me too. We need to do something about it. My father told me that I should make a to-do list. What do you think? Maisie: Its a good idea to list the things were going to do. Bruno: And how about recording the time it takes to do the activities? We c

31、an then see what takes up most of our time and make better plans. Whats your opinion? Maisie: Great idea. And Ive got two more ideas. Number one, only do one thing at a time. That way, youll get things done more quickly. For example, if you do your homework while watching TV, it will just take longe

32、r to finish your homework. Number two, do important things first. Bruno: Nice ideas! Maisie: How about we try all of them for a week and see if things get better? 情境句式1. What do you think we should do. . . ? /How about. . . ? /How are you finding. . . ? /Whats your opinion? /Why not do. . . ? 你认为我们应

33、该做什么? /怎么样? /你觉得如何? /你的看法是什么? /为什么不做呢? 2. Ive got an idea. /It is a good idea to . . . /Thats a good idea. 我想到一个主意。/是个好主意。/那是个好主意。3. The one problem is that I just dont seem to. . . 唯一的问题是, 我似乎不4. The activity not only helped me gain more. . . but also taught me to. . . 这项活动不仅帮助我获得了更多的而且教会了我5. These

34、 activities take up a lot of time, so I have to learn to. . . 这些活动占用很多时间, 所以我必须学会6. I have made up my mind to. . . 我下定决心7. I am going to/plan/intend to. . . 我打算/计划8. I think it would be great for both of us to go. . . 我认为我们两个都去的话, 那将棒极了。9. You might as well see. . . 你不妨看看10. Lets do. . . /Should we. . . ? 我们做吧/我们应该? 关闭Word文档返回原板块