2023届高考二轮总复习试题 英语 （适用于老高考旧教材） 专题一 阅读理解 考点分类练08　词句猜测题——代词指代类 WORD版含解析.docx

1、考点分类练(八)词句猜测题代词指代类Passage 1(2022江西萍乡一模)Fou Tsong,a Chinese-born pianist known for his sensitive interpretations of Chopin,Debussy and Mozart,died on Monday at a hospital in London,where he had lived for many years.He was 86.A lover of classical music from a young age,Mr.Fou began taking piano lesson

2、s when he was 7.Mr.Fou made his first stage appearance in 1952.The concert caught the attention of officials in Beijing,who selected him to compete and tour in Eastern Europe.Mr.Fou soon moved to Poland,where he studied at the Warsaw Conservatory(音乐学校)on a scholarship.To prepare for the fifth Chopin

3、 Competition in Warsaw in 1955,he practiced so diligently that he hurt his fingers and was nearly cut from the first round of the competition.Mr.Fou was one of the first Chinese pianists to achieve global prominence when he took the third place in the International Chopin Piano Competition in Warsaw

4、 in 1955.He also won a special prize for his performance of Chopins mazurkas(马祖卜舞曲).Almost overnight,he became a national hero.To China,Mr.Fous recognition in a well-known international competition was proof that the country could stand on its own artistically in the West.Chinese reporters flocked t

5、o interview Mr.Fou,while many others sought out his father,Fu Lei,for advice on child-rearing.In 1981,a volume of letters written by his father,primarily to Mr.Fou,was published in China.Full of advice,encouragement,life teachings and strict paternal love,the book Fu Leis Family Letters became a bes

6、t-seller in China.Besides influencing a generation of Chinese,Mr.Fus words resonated(共鸣) long after his death with the person for whom they were intended.“My father had a saying that First you must be a person,then an artist,and then a musician,and only then can you be a pianist.” Mr.Fou once recall

7、ed in an interview.“Even now,I believe in this orderthat it should be this way and that I am this way.”1.What can be learned from paragraph 2?A.Fou Tsong competed and toured in Beijing.B.Fou Tsong first performed on the stage at 7.C.Fou Tsong made great efforts for competitions.D.Fou Tsong started l

8、earning music in Eastern Europe.2.Why does Fou Tsongs global recognition mean a lot to China?A.It earns Chinese art a place in the West.B.It promotes the spread of Chinese culture.C.It proves Chinese peoples talent for music.D.It enables Chinese art education to be recognized.3.What does the underli

9、ned word “they” in paragraph 4 refer to?A.Mr.Fus words.B.Young Chinese.C.Fou Tsong and his family.D.Readers of Fu Leis Family Letters.4.Which of the following agrees with Fu Leis ideas in the last paragraph?A.Pursuing art is a long and painful process.B.It requires various qualities to be a pianist.

10、C.Everyone should develop an interest in art.D.Talent is of the greatest importance for a pianist.Passage 2(2022山东枣庄三模)A carbon capturing device,called Orca,began operating in Iceland in September.The machine was invented and made by a Swiss company called Climeworks.The name comes from the Icelandi

11、c word orka which means energy.Orca can pull carbon dioxide out of the air and send it deep into the ground,where it is turned into stone.The device is made up of four sections which look like giant air conditioners stacked together.Each section contains 12 large fans that suck air from outside into

12、 steel compartments.Inside,the air passes through a filter(过滤器) which gathers the carbon dioxide.It is then heated to a high temperature so the carbon dioxide can be collected from the filter.Then,the carbon dioxide is mixed with water and put deep in the ground into a type of rock called basalt.Bas

13、alt causes the carbon dioxide mixture to turn into stone after two or three years.Orca is an experimental device.It was built to demonstrate that it is possible to permanently remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.It can remove 4,000 metric tons of carbon dioxide from the air each year.Thats abo

14、ut the same amount as the emissions produced by 850 cars in a year.In order to remove enough carbon dioxide to make a big difference to global warming,much larger devices like Orca would have to be built in many countries around the world.Some environmental activists say governments should spend mor

15、e time and money on reducing the amount of greenhouse gas we produce each year,instead of investing in carbon capture methods.But others say that,in order for countries to meet their goal of net zero emissions by 2050,they will need to do both:reduce new emissions and remove the carbon dioxide alrea

16、dy in the air.5.Whats the purpose of designing Orca?A.To conserve energy.B.To achieve zero emissions.C.To protect natural resources.D.To remove carbon dioxide in the air.6.What does the underlined word “it” refer to in paragraph 2?A.Orca.B.The basalt.C.The air.D.Carbon dioxide.7.How does Orca work?a

17、.Sucking the air.b.Collecting the carbon dioxide.c.Mixing with water.d.Filtering and heating.e.Putting into the ground.A.a,d,b,c,eB.a,c,d,b,eC.a,d,c,b,eD.a,b,c,d,e8.Why are some environmentalists not in favor?A.Reducing emissions is more important.B.It might result in new pollution.C.The technology

18、is not mature.D.It doesnt work efficiently.Passage 3(2022湖南岳阳二模)In February of 1942,Mexican farmer Dionisio Pulido thought he heard thunder coming from his cornfield.However,the sound wasnt coming from the sky.The source was a large smoking break sending out gas and pushing out rocks.This opening wo

19、uld come to be known as the volcano Paricutin,and over the next 9 years,its lava and ash would cover over 200 square kilometers.But where did this new volcano come from,and what caused its unpredictable eruption?One of the most common causes of an eruption is an increase in magmastatic pressure.Magm

20、a(岩浆) contains various elements and compounds.At high enough concentrations,compounds like water or sulfur(硫) form high-pressure gas bubbles.When these balls of gas reach the surface,they can burst with the force of a gunshot.And when millions of bubbles explode,the energy can send ash into the air.

21、But before they pop or burst,they act like bubbles of CO2 in a shaken soda.Not all eruptions are due to rising magmastatic pressuresometimes the weight of the rock above can become dangerously low.Landslides can remove massive quantities of rock from atop a magma chamber or room,dropping the pressur

22、e and instantly touching off an eruption.This process is known as “unloading” and its been responsible for numerous eruptions,including the sudden explosion of Mount St.Helens in 1980.But unloading can also happen over longer periods of time due to heating ice or melting glaciers.In fact,many geolog

23、ists are worried that glacial melt caused by climate change could increase volcanic activity.Unfortunately,knowing what causes eruptions doesnt make them easy to predict.While scientists can roughly determine the strength and weight of the Earths crust(地壳),the depth and heat of magma chambers makes

24、measuring changes in magmastatic pressure very difficult.But volcanologists are constantly exploring new technology to overcome this rocky field.Advances in thermal imaging(热成像) have allowed scientists to detect underground hotspots.Spectrometers can analyze gases escaping magma.Hopefully,these tool

25、s will help us better understand these gas breaks and their explosive eruptions.9.Why does the author mention the story of a farmer in the first paragraph?A.To show the power of volcano eruption.B.To introduce the topic.C.To introduce the volcano Paricutin.D.To explain the reason.10.What does the un

26、derlined word “they” in paragraph 2 refer to?A.The bubbles of CO2.B.The ash of the volcano.C.Gas bubbles of compounds.D.The elements of a soda.11.Which of the following is true about the eruption of Mount St.Helens?A.Landslides should be responsible for its eruption.B.It began to explode over a long

27、 period of time.C.The process of “unloading” occurred after its explosion.D.The weight of the rock above it increased as to cause its eruption.12.What can we infer from the last paragraph?A.Scientists can determine the eruption of the volcano in advance.B.It is quite difficult to measure the weight

28、of the Earths crust.C.Spectrometers can help scientists to detect underground hotspots.D.Scientists are positive about further study of volcano eruption.考点分类练(八)词句猜测题代词指代类Passage 1【语篇导读】本文是一篇人物传记。文章介绍中国出生的钢琴家傅聪。他以其对肖邦、德彪西和莫扎特作品的细致诠释而闻名,他的国际知名度为中国艺术在西方赢得了一席之地。1.C解析 推理判断题。根据第二段的最后一句话“To prepare for th

29、e fifth Chopin Competition in Warsaw in 1955,he practiced so diligently that he hurt his fingers and was nearly cut from the first round of the competition.”可知,傅聪先生为了比赛付出了很多。2.A解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的 “To China,Mr.Fous recognition in a well-known international competition was proof that the country could s

30、tand on its own artistically in the West.”可知,傅聪的国际知名度为中国艺术在西方赢得了一席之地。3.A解析 词义猜测题。根据第四段中的 “Besides influencing a generation of Chinese,Mr.Fus words resonated long after his death with the person for whom they were intended.”可以看出,they指代上文提到的Mr.Fus words,说明除了影响了一代中国人外,傅雷先生的话在他去世后依然能够让听到这些话的人产生共鸣。由此推知,t

31、hey指的是 his words。4.B解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“My father had a saying that First you must be a person,then an artist,and then a musician,and only then can you be a pianist.”可知,傅雷先生教儿子傅聪要先成为人,再成为艺术家,再成为音乐家,最后才能成为钢琴家。这表明,傅雷先生认为成为一名钢琴家,身上要具备很多的品质。Passage 2【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了瑞士公司制造的名为Orca的碳捕捉设备,并详细说明了其工作原理和一些环保

32、人士对它的看法。5.D解析 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Orca can pull carbon dioxide out of the air and send it deep into the ground,where it is turned into stone.”可推知,设计Orca的目的是去除空气中的二氧化碳。6.D解析 词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Orca can pull carbon dioxide out of the air and send it deep into the ground,where it is turned into stone.”和指代关系可知,代词it指

33、的是上文提到的“carbon dioxide”。故选D项。7.A解析 细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知,Orca的工作过程是:先吸入空气,对其过滤并加热收集到的二氧化碳,完成二氧化碳的收集后,与水混合,最后存入地下。8.A解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Some environmental activists say governments should spend more time and money on reducing the amount of greenhouse gas we produce each year,instead of investing in carbon ca

34、pture methods.”可推知,一些环保人士不支持Orca,因为他们认为减少我们每年产生的温室气体更重要。Passage 3【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是火山爆发的原因。9.B解析 推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知,第一段提到一个农民的故事是为了引出火山喷发的原因这个主题。10.C解析 词句猜测题。根据第二段的 “At high enough concentrations,compounds like water or sulfur(硫) form high-pressure gas bubbles.When these balls of gas reach the surface”及they后的“can burst with the force of a gunshot”可知,是气泡会爆炸,they指的是水或硫这样的化合物形成的高压气泡,即Gas bubbles of compounds。11.A解析 细节理解题。根据第三段的“Landslides can remove .explosion of Mount St.Helens in 1980.”可知,山体滑坡应该对圣海伦斯火山的爆发负责。