2022年高考英语二轮复习 专题八 七选五说明类专练练习（含解析）.doc

1、专题八：七选五说明类专练（90分钟 100分）考点01：冠词 3颗星考点03：介词和介词短语 2颗星考点04: 名词 3颗星 考点06：形容词和副词 5颗星考点08：非谓语动词 5颗星考点09：动词的时态和语态 5颗星考点10：定语从句 3颗星考点12 并列连词 4颗星考点13 状语从句 3颗星考点24：七选五说明文专练 5颗星第I卷（选择题）（每题2分，共40分）一七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。A【来源】黑龙江省哈尔滨市第六中学2017届高三下学期第一次模拟考试考点24中难You must have written your rese

2、arch paper, your personal essay, your book review-whatever your school class requires. You think you have provided good information in the needed number of words._16_But is it really done? Many teachers and professional writers believe that writing is revision._17_Revision of writing is a necessary

3、skill for students. The classroom is a good place to practice patience, concentration and listening. There are rewards with spending time with your thoughts and really taking time to compose your ideas in an orderly and reasonable way. You should put away your paper after you have written a first ve

4、rsion, or draft. Wait several hours, maybe overnight, before working on it more._18_ Not only are you refreshed, but youre looking at things through different eyes. Thats what revision literally meansto see again through different eyes.Following a four-step process may help you with your paper. The

5、first step in the process is invention. It includes forming many questions about your subject. It is called “question-storming”._19_Then comes the revision period. Take your time to read what youve written, to think about it, and maybe to re-shape it based on what you see now, as a kind of new perso

6、n looking at it with a readers eyeglasses rather than a writers. The fourth step is called “publication”._20_In a sense, anytime you turn it over to another person, thats publication.Probably, the process takes away some of the tension of writing. And worry about the quality of your writing often di

7、sappears when you share that writing.A. Perfect writing is not possible.B. In the second step, you draft and compose a paper.C. And you feel good because your work is finished.D. This is just like returning to a job after a vacation.E. This does not mean your writing is professional publication.F. W

8、hat is most important is getting your thoughts and ideas on paper.G. In other words, writing well means making needed changes and rewriting.B【来源】2017年普通高等学校全国招生统一考试（北京卷）考点24中难Every animal sleeps, but the reason for this has remained foggy. When lab rats are not allowed to sleep, they die within a mo

9、nth. 71 One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen new memories. 72 We know that, while awake, fresh memories are recorded by reinforcing (加强)connections between brain cells, but the memory processes that take place while we sleep have been unclear. Support is growing for a theory that sleep evolved

10、 so that connections between neurons(神经元)in the brain can be weakened overnight, making room for fresh memories to from the next day. 73 Now we have the most direct evidence yet that he is right. 74 The synapses in the mice taken at the end of a period of sleep were 18 per cent smaller than those ta

11、ken before sleep, showing that the connections between neurons weaken while sleeping.If Tononis theory is right, it would explain why, when we miss a nights, we find it harder the next day to concentrate and learn new information-our brains may have smaller room for new experiences.Their research al

12、so suggests how we may build lasting memories over time even though the synapses become thinner. The team discovered that some synapses seem to be protected and stayed the same size. 75 “You keep what matters,” Tononi says.A. We should also try to sleep well the night before.B. Tis as if the brain i

13、s preserving its most important memories.C. Similarly, when people go for a few days without sleeping, they get sick.D. The processes take place to stop our brains becoming loaded with memories.E. Thats why students do better in tests if they get a chance to sleep after learning.F. “Sleep is the pri

14、ce we pay for learning,” says Giulio Tononi, who developed the idea.G. Tononis team measured the size of these connections, or synapses, in the brains of 12 mice. C【来源】2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试卷考点24中难Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning and put the blame on the alarm clock. In fact, the ke

15、y to easy morning wake-up lies in resting your body clock 36 Here is how to make one. 37 In order to make a change, you need to decide why its important. Do you want to get up in time to have breakfast with your family, get in some exercise, or just be better prepared for your day? Once you are clea

16、r about your reason, tell your family or roommates about the change you want to make.l Rethink mornings. Now that you know why you want to wake up, consider re-arranging your morning activities. If you want time to have breakfast with your family, save some time the night before by setting out cloth

17、es, shoes, and bags. 38 Thats a quarter-hour more you could be sleeping if you bought a coffee maker with a timer.l Keep your sleep/wake schedule on weekends. If youre tired out by Friday night, sleeping in on Saturday could sound wonderful. But compensating on the weekends actually feeds into your

18、sleepiness the following week, a recent study found. 39 l Keep a record and evaluate it weekly. Keep track of your efforts and write down how you feel. After youve tried a new method for a week, take a look at your record. 40 If not, take another look at other methods you could try.A. Get a sleep sp

19、ecialist.B. Find the right motivation.C. A better plan for sleep can help.D. And consider setting a second alarm.E. If the steps you take are working, keep it up.F. Stick to your set bedtime and wake-up time, no matter the day.G. Reconsider the 15 minutes you spend in line at the caf to get coffee.D

20、【来源】2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试浙江卷 考点24中难How to Do Man-on-the-Street InterviewsThe man-on-the-street interview is an interview in which a reporter hits the streets with a cameraman to interview people on the spot. 31 But with these tips, your first man-on-the-street interview experience can be easy.When you

21、r boss or professor sends you out to do man-on-the-street interviews for a story, think about the topic and develop a list of about ten general questions relating to it. For example, if your topic is about environmental problems in America, you might ask, Why do you think environmental protection is

22、 important in America? 32 Hit the streets with confidence. 33 Say, Excuse me, I work for XYZ News, and I was wondering if you could share your opinion about this topic. This is a quick way to get people to warm up to you.Move on to the next person if someone tells you she is not interested in talkin

23、g on camera. Dont get discouraged. 34 Each interview that you get on the street shouldnt be longer than ten minutes. As soon as you get the answer you need, move on to the next person. Make sure that as you go from interview to interview, you are getting a variety of answers. If everyone is giving y

24、ou the same answer, you wont be able to use it. A safe number of interviews to conduct is about six to ten. 35 If your news station or school requires interviewees to sign release forms to appear on the air, dont leave work without them.A. Limit your time.B. As you approach people, be polite.C. If y

25、ou dont own a camera, you can buy one.D. For new reporters, this can seem like a challenging task.E. To get good and useful results, ask them the same question.F. That number of interviews should give you all the answers you need.G. With a question like this, you will get more than a Yes or No reply

26、.第II卷（非选择题）（每题1.5分，共60分）语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（1）【来源】(2016山西重点中学协作体模拟)The Descendants of the Sun(太阳的后裔) that really _1_考点09 (earn) the praise(reputation)of Kdrama fans. It made its debut(首映) on February 24, 2016 with an average of 13 percent in the Seoul National Capital Area. The nex

27、t night, ratings_2_考点09 (go)up an average of two percent._3_考点06 (apparent), those two episodes set up Descendants of the Sun as it dominated the competition with its third episode._4_考点03 nationwide and Seoul National Capital Area for both TNmS Ratings and AGB Nielson, the Kdrama earned over 20 per

28、cent viewership ratings(收视率)For those _5_考点10 do not know what Descendants of the Sun is about, it is a drama about the love of people who get_6_考点06 (close) as they learn to be considerate of each other in desperate times. It is also about the sacrifices made by people who throw themselves_7_考点03 n

29、atural disasters. Captain Yoo Shi Jin(柳大尉) (Song Joong Ki宋仲基) is the team leader of the Special Warfare Command of the United Nations Peacekeeping Troops. By request of the UN, he is_8_考点08 (station) in the wartorn country of Uruk(乌鲁克)_9_考点06 he meets Kang Mo Yeon(姜暮烟) (Song Hye Kyo宋慧乔), a volunteer

30、 doctor with Doctors Without Borders._10_考点13 they work alongside each other, they clash and fall in love.（2）【来源】 (2016临沂一模)I was living a life in my screen and hardly noticed what_1_考点09 (be)around me. I was always checking the time and thinking of future_2_考点04 (plan)My thought was：“Whos going to

31、text me now? What will I do next？” My bedtime routine was usually centered_3_考点03one thing：my phone._4_考点13 I went to sleep，I browsed through news websites and checked my emails. When I woke up in the middle of the night, I did the same thing. The problem with this was that I felt anxious every nigh

32、t.So when my friends invited me_5_考点08 (go)for a long weekend camping without the cell service，I thought this was_6_考点06 (exact) what I needed. Heres how_7_考点08 (keep)away from my phone for 48 hours changed me and my way of life.Without my phone，I_8_考点09 (fall)asleep listening to the songs of frogs

33、and crickets .In the morning，I woke up energy. Sitting by the river，riding a bike，or singing the old songs，I _9_考点06 (true)enjoyed what I was doing.I felt free without my phone at weekend camp，_10_考点10 changed me completely. I listened to what my body wanted instead of what my phone was telling me t

34、o do.（3）【来源】(2016株洲市质检)In the West, most families have pets, like cats, dogs, and birds. If you live_1_考点03a farm you also have horses, sheep, goats and something of this sort _2_考点10 will become part of the extended family.Our family had many pets in the past. My favorite pet was a little gray pood

35、le_3_考点08 (call) Suzie. The first time I saw her, she had long matted hair, needed a bath and haircut, but had such_4_考点01 beautiful face. I _5_考点09 (take) her home, bathed her and clipped all her hair back to reveal the most lovable little dog.Poodles are full of_6_考点04 (intelligent) and she was to

36、o. She learned to recognize the sounds different_7_考点04 (car) in our household made. She knew when my fathers car was coming down the road, and would run around_8_考点06 (mad) barking then rush out to the front driveway and sit there_9_考点08 (wait) for him. She also seemed to know when people_10_考点09 (

37、be) upset and would jump up onto their laps and sit there cuddling up as if to give comfort.（4）【来源】(2016衡阳一中月考)My grandfather is a_1_考点08 (retire) worker. On summer evenings, we often sat together outside the house _2_考点08 (enjoy) the cool air. It was the time that he told me lots of his experiences

38、 before liberation.When my grandfather was fourteen years old, he worked in a coal mine. One day, when he and his two workmates were working in the tunnel, an_3_考点06(fortune) thing suddenly happened. A part of the tunnel fell down, and they were shut in it. They had no food _4_考点08 (eat). When they

39、were hungry, they only drank some water there. It was very cold in it. In order to keep warm, they hugged one another. In the darkness, they didnt know whether it was day_5_考点12 night, they only felt they had stayed there for a very long time. They were too hungry to speak or move, and thought they_

40、6_考点09 (die). At last, the tunnel _7_考点09 (dig) through. They were saved. They had been there for fourteen days! My grandfather said they werent let out at once. If_8_考点02，they would have died. They were kept at the entrance to the tunnel _9_考点10 it was very dim, and they were fed_10_考点03 some thin

41、porridge. After a day or two, they had recovered a bit, and they were helped out.参考答案一七选五A: 16 C 17 G 18 D 19 B 20 EB: 71. C 72. E 73. F 74. G 75. BC: 36.C 37.B 38.G 39.F40.ED:31.D 32.G 33.B 34. A 35. F二.语法填空(1)1.earns2.went3.Apparently4.with5.who 6closer7.into8.stationed9.There10.When/As(2)1.was2.plans3.on4.Before5.to go6.exactly7.keeping8.fell9.truly10.which(3)1.on2.that3.called4.a5.took6.intelligence7.cars8.madly9.waiting10.were(4)1.retired2.enjoying3.unfortunate4.to eat 5or6.would die7.was dug8.so9.where10.on