新疆乌鲁木齐第四中学2021-2022学年高一上学期期中考试英语试题 WORD版含解析.doc

1、高一英语试题(满分：150分 考试时间：100分钟)第卷第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）（略）第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。APhotography is important because it allows people to admire the most diverse situations recorded in a frozen moment. If you are thirsty to improve your photograp

2、hy skills, City Academy is a good choice.Why Choose City Academy? Situated in Central London, it runs a wide range of evening and weekend photography classes. All tutors are industry professionals with rich teaching experience. Small class sizes mean you can be paid one-to-one attention. Online cour

3、se materials are available for a small charge.Our Photography Courses Introduction to Digital Photography, by James Ross on April 22nd. The course, either in the classroom or on London street for some shooting, is perfect for anyone new to digital photography. Fine Art Photography, by Georgia Metaxa

4、s on May 9th. You will be given projects and try out various techniques in a studio environment to create photos that express your personal ideas. Studio Lighting for Photography, by James Ross on June 29th. This course is designed to guide you through the science of studio lighting. Working in a st

5、udio environment, you will practice using flash lighting equipment. Documentary Photography, by Toby Glanville on July 3rd. The course, focused on photographing events or environments which are significant and relevant to historical events, will be perfect for photographers to produce a photo essay

6、on a given theme in our classroom.Special OffersAny course above costs 295, but you can save 10% when you purchase two courses in the same booking. Save 20% when you buy three or more courses in the same booking.1. What does City Academy offer to students?A. Experienced tutors.B. Weekday lessons.C.

7、Free online materials.D. One-to-one classes.2. Which course will you attend if you are interested in history?A. Fine Art Photography.B. Documentary Photography.C. Studio Lighting for Photography.D. Introduction to Digital Photography.3. How much will you pay for four courses in the same booking?A. 9

8、44.B. 1,044.C. 1,062.D. 1,180.【答案】1. A 2. B 3. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了City Academy提供的课程内容、优势和费用等。1题详解】细节理解题。根据“Why Choose City Academy?”部分第二句“All tutors are industry professionals with rich teaching experience.”（导师均为行业专业人士，具有丰富的教学经验。）可知，City Academy为学生提供经验丰富的导师。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据“Our Photography Cour

9、ses”部分第四段第二句“The course, focused on photographing events or environments which are significant and relevant to historical events, will be perfect for photographers to produce a photo essay on a given theme in our classroom.”（这门课程的重点是拍摄重要的和与历史事件相关的事件或环境，将是摄影师在我们的课堂上针对给定的主题创作一篇摄影文章的完美选择。）可知，如果你对历史感兴趣你

10、可以上Documentary Photography课程。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据“Special Offers”部分第一句中的“Any course above costs 295”（以上课程的学费每门为295英镑）和第二句“Save 20% when you buy three or more courses in the same booking.”（在同一次预订中购买3个或以上课程可节省20%。）可知，在同一次预订中购买4个课程应付295*4*(1-20%)=944英镑。故选A。BThis was the first real task I received in my n

11、ew school. It seemed simple: go on the Internet and find information about a man named George Washington. As I searched the name, I found that there were two famous people having the same name who looked completely different! One invented hundreds of uses for peanuts(花生), while the other led some so

12、rt of army across America. I stared at the screen, wondering which one my teacher meant. I called my grandfather for a golden piece of advice; let the coin decide. I flipped(掷) a coin and Ah! Tails (背面)! My report would be about the great man who invented peanut butter, George Washington Carver.Week

13、s later, I stood in front of the classroom and proudly read my homework. But things started to get strange. I looked around the room, only to find my classmates with big smiles on their faces and tears in their eyes and my stone-faced teacher. I was completely lost. “What could be causing everyone t

14、o act this way?”Oh well, I dropped the paper and sat down at my desk, burning to find out what I had done wrong. As a classmate began his report, it all became clear, “My report is on George Washington, the man who started the American War of Independence.” The whole world became quiet! How could I

15、know that my teacher meant that George Washington?Of course, my subject result was awful. Sad but fearless, I decided to turn this around. I talked to the headmaster Miss Lancelot, but she said firmly: No re-dos; no new score. I felt that it was not fair, and I believed I deserved a second chance. S

16、o I threw myself heartily into my work for the rest of the school year. Ten months later, I sat in the headmasters office again, but this time a completely different conversation. I smiled and flashed back to the terrible moment at the beginning of the year as the headmaster told me I was good enoug

17、h to skip(跳过) the 6th grade and started the 7th grade next term.4. The task I received was to find information about _.A. uses for peanutsB. American War of IndependenceC. George WashingtonD. my headmaster Miss Lancelot5. People in the class acted strangely because _.A. I was too proud of my homewor

18、kB. I mistook what the homework was aboutC. the whole world suddenly became quietD. the teachers face turned to a stone6. We can infer(推断) from the passage that _.A. the headmaster didnt like the writer at allB. the writers classmates felt sad at his mistakeC. the writer knew little about American h

19、istoryD. the writers grandpa was a very wise man7. Which of the following proverbs can best describe the main idea of this story?A. Seeing is believing.B. Where there is a will, there is a way.C. One is never too old to learn.D. A friend in need is a friend indeed.【答案】4. C 5. B 6. C 7. B【解析】【分析】本文是一

20、篇记叙文。文章叙述了作者在新学校接到的第一次任务是在网上查找关于 George Washington的信息，由于小作者对历史了解的很少，所以在班级闹了笑话，最后通过他自己的努力终于成功。4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“This was the first real task I received in my new school. It seemed simple: go on the Internet and find information about a man named George Washington.(这是我在新学校收到的第一个真正的任务。这似乎很简单：在互联网上找到一个

21、叫乔治华盛顿的人的信息。)”可知，作者接到的任务是寻找有关乔治华盛顿的信息。故选C。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容和第三段“Oh well, I dropped the paper and sat down at my desk, burning to find out what I had done wrong.( 哦，好吧，我放下论文，坐在我的课桌前，急于找出我做错了什么。)”可知，作者把作业的内容搞错了，所以班级的同学都反应奇怪。故选B。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据全文内容及文章第三段“How could I know that my teacher meant that G

22、eorge Washington?(我怎么知道老师说的是乔治华盛顿呢?) ”和第四段“Of course, my subject result was awful. (当然，我这科的成绩很糟糕。)”可以推断，作者对美国历史知之甚少。故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Sad but fearless, I decided to turn this around.(悲伤但无所畏惧，我决定扭转局面。)”和“So I threw myself heartily into my work for the rest of the school year. Ten months later,

23、 I sat in the headmasters office again, but this time a completely different conversation. I smiled and flashed back to the terrible moment at the beginning of the year as the headmaster told me I was good enough to skip(跳过) the 6th grade and started the 7th grade next term. (于是，在这一学年剩下的时间里，我全身心地投入到

24、我的学习中。十个月后，我再次坐在校长办公室，但这次的谈话完全不同。当校长告诉我我可以跳过六年级，下学期开始上七年级时我笑了笑，想起了今年年初的可怕时刻。)”及全文内容，从作者的经历可推断出这个故事要告诉我们：有志者事竟成。故选B。CIt is hard to say the first day of school in the United States because when the first day of school is and what happens on the first day of school usually are different by districts（地区

25、）. The first day of school for many school districts in different states is on the day after the first Monday in September. In some other school districts, school begins in mid-to-late August. For example, the Denver, Colorado schools go back in mid-August and schools in Cleveland, Ohio start back u

26、sually one week before the first Monday in September. The Boston, Chicago, New York City and San Diego schools start back on the Tuesday or Wednesday after the first Monday in September. Schools in Cleveland, Ohio used to start the school year on the day after the first Monday in September, but in t

27、he 1976-1977 and 1977-1978 academic years, the school year was affected by several bad snowstorms, extreme cold. In the 1978-1979 school year, the Ohio Department of Education moved the start of the year to late August, one week before the first Monday in September. This went into effect in the 1980

28、-1981 school year. In most school districts in Utah, the school year starts between August 25 and August 30, and goes until the last week of May or the first week in June next year. In American high schools, the freshmen class usually goes back one or two days before the rest of the school body for

29、an orientation（迎新）period. An orientation period helps the freshmen get familiar with their new school, its rules, and surroundings. In some schools, the freshmen classes have their photographs taken for identification purposes. Some high schools have tried to make the first week of school fun for in

30、coming freshmen.8. According to the passage, which schools start their school year the earliest?A. Schools in Denver.B. Schools in Cleveland.C. Schools in New York City.D. Schools in Boston.9. Why did the Ohio Department of Education change the start of the school year?A. Because of some political e

31、vents.B. Because of the entrance examinations.C. Because of the increasing number of students.D. Because of the extreme weather.10. How many months does the school year last in schools in Utah？A. About seven months.B. About eight months.C. About nine months.D. About ten months.11. The article is pro

32、bably taken from _.A. a book about ones life storyB. an official website of educationC. an advertisement in a newspaperD. a sports magazine【答案】8. A 9. D 10. C 11. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。美国开学第一天的日期没有明文规定，因地区而异。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的For example, the Denver, Colorado schools go back in mid-August and schools

33、in Cleveland, Monday in September. 可知，丹佛的学校在八月中旬开学,克里夫兰的学校通常在9月的第一个星期一之前开始。波士顿，芝加哥，纽约和圣地亚哥的学校在9月的第一个星期一之后的周二或周三开始。综上所述，丹佛的学校开学最早。故选A项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的but in the 1976-1977 and 1977-1978 academic years，the school year was affected by several bad snowstorms，extreme cold可知俄亥俄州的学校受到暴风雪的影响，因而开学日发生了变化

34、。故选D项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据文章的第四段 In most school districts in Utah, the school year starts next year.可知犹太州学年从8月25日到8月30日开始，一直持续到5月的最后一周或明年6月的第一周，持续时间为九个月左右，故选C。【11题详解】推理判断题。通读全文可知，本篇文章讲的是有关美国学校开学第一天的日期的内容，应属教育类，故选B项。DPoaching and habitat loss have threatened Africas two species of elephants, taking them c

35、loser toward the edge of disappearance, according to a new report released by the International Union for Conservation of Nature(IUCN).Before this update, Africas elephants were grouped together and were evaluated as vulnerable by the IUCN. This is the first time the two species have been sorted sep

36、arately. In the past, elephants were mostly considered as either Asian elephants or African elephants. Forest and savanna elephants were typically classified as subspecies of African elephants.The African forest elephant is now listed as critically endangered and the African savanna elephant as enda

37、ngered. The number of African forest elephants fell by more than 86% over a 31 -year assessment period. The population of African savanna elephants dropped by at least 60% over the last 50 years, according to the IUCN, which tracks the assessment risk of the worlds animals. Africa currently has an e

38、stimated 415,000 elephants, counting the two species together.Both elephant species experienced significant population decreases because of poaching. Although it peaked in 2011, illegal hunting still happens and continues to threaten elephant populations. African elephants also face continued habita

39、t loss as their land is converted for agriculture or other uses.There is some good conservation news, the IUCN points out. Anti-poaching measures, combined with better land use planning to support better human-wildlife relationships, have helped conservation efforts. Some forest elephant population

40、figures have stabilized in well-managed areas in Gabon and the Republic of Congo and savanna population figures have remained stable or have been growing, particularly in the Kavango-Zambezi Transfrontier Conservation Area in southern Africa.But with constant demand for ivory and increasing human pr

41、essures on Africas wild lands, concern for Africas elephants is high, and the need to creatively conserve and wisely manage these animals and their habitats is more severe than ever.12. What can be inferred from the new report about African elephants?A. They are divided into three kinds.B. They are

42、dying out.C. Their threat is mainly from poaching.D. Their population has grown in Africa.13. What does the author mainly tell us in Paragraph 3?A. The detailed number of African elephants.B. The similarities of African elephants.C. The different types of African elephants.D. The present situation o

43、f African elephants.14. What does the underlined word converted in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A. Expanded.B. Protected.C. Transformed.D. Forbidden.15. Whats the authors attitude to the present situation of African elephants?A. Hopeless.B. Optimistic.C. Uncertain.D. Worried.【答案】12. B 13. D 14. C 15. D

44、【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。因为偷猎和栖息地的丧失，非洲两个物种的大象已经遭受严重威胁，处于灭绝的边缘。文章说明这个事实以唤醒人类的注意。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Poaching and habitat loss have threatened Africas two species of elephants, taking them closer toward the edge of disappearance, according to a new report released by the International Union for Conservation o

45、f Nature(IUCN).(根据国际自然保护联盟发布的一份新报告，偷猎和栖息地的丧失已经威胁到非洲的这两种大象，使它们接近消失的边缘)”可推知，非洲大象处于濒临灭绝的状况。故选B。【13题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“The African forest elephant is now listed as critically endangered and the African savanna elephant as endangered. The number of African forest elephants fell by more than 86% over a 31-yea

46、r assessment period. The population of African savanna elephants dropped by at least 60% over the last 50 years, according to the IUCN, which tracks the assessment risk of the worlds animals. Africa currently has an estimated 415,000 elephants, counting the two species together.(非洲森林象现在被列为极度濒危物种，非洲草

47、原象被列为濒危物种。在31年的评估期间，非洲森林象的数量减少了86%以上。 根据追踪世界动物评估风险的世界自然保护联盟的数据，在过去50年里，非洲草原象的数量减少了至少60%。算上这两个物种，非洲目前估计有41.5万头大象)”可知，在第三段作者主要告诉我们非洲象的现状。故选D。【14题详解】词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“African elephants also face continued habitat loss as their land is”以及后文“for agriculture or other uses”可知，非洲象还面临着栖息地的持续丧失，因为它们的栖息地转变成了农业或其他用

48、途。故画线词意思是“转变”。A. Expanded.扩大；B. Protected.保护；C. Transformed.转变；D. Forbidden.禁止。故选C。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“But with constant demand for ivory and increasing human pressures on Africas wild lands, concern for Africas elephants is high, and the need to creatively conserve and wisely manage these animals a

49、nd their habitats is more severe than ever.(但是，随着对象牙的持续需求以及人类对非洲野生土地不断增加的压力，人们对非洲大象的担忧越来越高，创造性地保护和明智地管理这些动物及其栖息地的需求比以往任何时候都更加严峻)”可推知，作者认为非洲大象的状况越来越严重，故作者对它们的现状是感到担忧的。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项, 有两项为多余选项。Health is the most important thing in the world. Nothing is more impor

50、tant than health. If one takes away our money, houses, cars or even our clothes, we can still survive. _16_ That is why we always try to eat in a healthy way and exercise regularly.How can we keep healthy? In order to eat healthily, I usually avoid eating food high in fat, like French fries or cooki

51、es, which are junk foods. _17_ Besides, I only eat little meat._18_Taking exercise every day helps us build a strong body. Regular exercise is an important part of keeping me healthy.Whats more, I think friends are an important part of ones health. _19_ I always feel better when I am with friends th

52、an when I am alone. When I am with my friends, I always laugh. Laughing is also an important part of health. It is good to stay with my friends.By eating properly and exercising regularly, I can keep my body at a proper weight and keep healthy. By spending time with my friends, I can keep my mind as

53、 well as my body happy. These things sound easy to do, but not many people can manage them. _20_A. Many studies show that people with a narrow range of social contacts often get sick.B. There are some people who like staying alone,but they keep healthy.C. On the other hand, doing exercise is very im

54、portant.D. But if our health were taken away, its certain that we would surely die.E. I think a strong will is necessary if we want to keep healthy.F. I eat a lot of vegetables and fresh fruit which are full of vitamins.G. Some people appear fat because they often eat too much.【答案】16. D 17. F 18. C

55、19. A 20. E【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了保持健康的几条有益的建议。【16题详解】根据前文If we take away our money, houses, or even our clothes, we can still survive可知，此处将用take away health做比较，所以D项“But if our health was taken away, is its certain that we would surely die”符合上下文语境。故选D。【17题详解】根据前面一句In order to eat healthily, I usual

56、ly avoid eating food high in fat, like French fries or cookies, which are junk foods.（为了保持健康，我避免吃脂肪含量高的食物，像薯条这种垃圾食物。）可知，横线句应该说明我具体吃的健康的食物，F项“I eat a lot of vegetables and fresh fruit which are full of vitamins”说明我所吃的健康食物，符合上下文语境。故选F。【18题详解】根据后文的Taking exercise every day helps us build a strong body可

57、知，此处是一个过渡句，从上一段的健康饮食过渡到本段的锻炼，C项符合承上启下的作用，同时也是本段的中心思想。故选C。【19题详解】根据前文的Whats more, I think friends are an important part of ones health.可以推测，这句话表示的是朋友对于健康的益处，也就是说交往圈子太小会影响人们的健康。故选A。【20题详解】根据前文的These things sound easy to do, but not many people can manage them.可知，这些事不是很容易就能做到的，要有恒心和毅力才行，E项“I think a st

58、rong will is necessary if we want to keep healthy.”是对上文的进一步说明。故选E。【点睛】本文小题3考查了上下文的过渡句，从上一段的健康饮食过渡到本段的锻炼，C项符合承上启下的作用，同时也是本段的中心思想。该句中有关联词on the other hand串联上下文。说明我们可以从关联词的衔接和过渡解题。由于英语的句段之间经常会运用关联词表示衔接和过渡，使文章逻辑更清楚和连贯，因此文章中和选项中表示各种逻辑关系的路标性信号词在选择答案时都是很重要的线索。 在做题时可将这三个层面的线索很好地结合起来。例如，在看到表示并列或递进关系的关联词时，一般表

59、示前后句子的名词或句意具有同指性；而表示转折让步关系的词则往往表示前后句子的名词同指，但句意对立，或褒贬对立或肯否对立；而表示例证关系的词则意味着在举例之前或之后有表述概念或某一观点的句子，往往会有复数名词出现。常见的关联词有下面这些：(a)并列与递进关系：and, or, also likewise, similarly, equally, in the same way, that is to say ,as well as, the same as, besides, additionally, furthermore, moreover, in addition to ,what is

60、 more(b)因果关系：because, for, since, as, thus, hence, therefore, so, so that, consequently, accordingly, due to, thanks to, as a result, because of, in that, for this reason, of course(c)转折让步关系：but, however, yet, on the contrary, by contrast, on the other hand, unfortunately, while, whereas, unlike, ra

61、ther than, instead of, it is true that, of course, although, though, even though, even if, nevertheless, despite, in spite of (d)时间关系：afterwards, at first, at last, finally, first, firstly, in the first place, to start with，in the mean time, last, later, next, second, secondly, then, third, thirdly,

62、 to begin with以及一些具体的时间。第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。When young, I loved going on trail runs. It was my favorite way to _21_tress. So. when I was back in my hometown after a _22_first year of my Ph. D. program, I thought

63、a trail run was just what I needed. But instead of helping me relax, the run did just the _23_.After I moved to the city for college, where my runs were on flat concrete paths instead of _24_dirt trails, I used a GPS watch. When I went on trail runs again in the country, it constantly reminded me of

64、 the fact that I wasnt _25_up with my usual pace. I _26_ my watch, thinking that would allow me to enjoy my _27_and find the peace I expected, _28_I found myself underperforming. Why cant I let go and just enjoy myself? I wondered. But after some _29_, I realized why I was _30_ both on trail runs an

65、d in graduate school.Going into my Ph. D. , I had thought that my solid undergraduate track record would set me up for _31_success. To my surprise, I was wrong. I _32_confidence in my research abilities which I thought stopped me performing well and I constantly felt my progress was too slow. Other

66、students self-confidence and their excellent results made me feel _33_. One day, I _34_broke down in tears in my advisers office.Then came my visit home. I was having _35_because I hadnt properly _36_my expectations to the differences between _37_run and a trail run.A Ph. D. is like a trail run. Som

67、etimes you can run fast. Sometimes you might find yourself climbing up a steep, winding trail at a _38_pace. And thats OK. Barriers are _39_, and success looks and feels different on a challenging trail than it does on a smooth, flat path. Sometimes its best to take a deep breath and do your best to

68、 _40_the challenge.21. A. acceptB. exposeC. escapeD. rescue22. A. magicalB. normalC. fastD. tough23. A. oppositeB. sameC. oddD. extreme24. A. safeB. similarC. windingD. transparent25. A. comingB. keepingC. breakingD. linking26. A. cut offB. put offC. set offD. turned off27. A. investmentsB. surround

69、ingsC. investigationsD. associations28. A. butB. soC. asD. because29. A. motivationB. imaginationC. reflectionD. determination30. A. talkingB. runningC. strugglingD. trembling31. A. currentB. instantC. temporaryD. general32. A. endedB. enrichedC. missedD. lacked33. A. indifferentB. insecureC. incred

70、ibleD. inconsiderate34. A. ultimatelyB. initiallyC. hopefullyD. permanently35. A. battleB. complaintC. funD. trouble36. A. adjustedB. devotedC. owedD. contributed37. A. a countryB. a nativeC. an urbanD. a foreign38. A. rabbitsB. wormsC. snakesD. snails39. A. unrealB. unavoidableC. unlimitedD. unacce

71、ptable40. A. embraceB. borderC. prepareD. recognize【答案】21. C 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. C 31. B 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. D 36. A 37. C 38. D 39. B 40. A【解析】【分析】本文为记叙文。文章讲述了作者在城市水泥路上和在乡村小路上跑步时的不同感受，反省了自己在博士课程方面不如意的原因。告诉读者要学会根据情况来调整自己的预期，去收获成功与满足。【21题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：年轻的时候，我喜欢跑步。这是我最

72、喜欢的逃避压力的方式。A. accept接受；B. expose暴露；C. escape逃避；D. rescue救援。根据下文“a trail run was just what I needed. But instead of helping me relax,”可知，作者认为跑步可以让他放松，摆脱压力。可推断出跑步是作者最喜欢的逃避（escape）压力的方式。故选C。【22题详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：当我经历了第一年艰难的博士学业回到家乡时，我想我正需要一次野外跑步。A. magical魔法的；B. normal正常的；C. fast快速的；D. tough困难的。根据第三段第11-14

73、小题的内容可知他的博士生活中遇到了困难，认为自己没有研究能力，没有自信等，甚至崩溃到哭，可知第一年是艰难的（tough）。故选D。【23题详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：然而这次小路跑步之旅并没有让我放松，反而起到了相反的作用。A. opposite相反的；B. same同样的；C. odd奇怪的，反常的；D. extreme极端。根据转折连词but, 可知前后两句是相反的。根据上句说“跑步没有让我放松”，可知跑步却有了相反的（opposite） 作用。故选A。【24题详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：在我到城里上大学后，我的跑步是在平坦的水泥路上，而不是在蜿蜒的泥土路上，我用了GPS手表。A. saf

74、e安全的；B. similar相似的；C. winding弯曲的，蜿蜒的；D. transparent明显的。根据“on flat concrete paths instead of”到城里后是在平坦的水泥路上跑步，可知winding“蜿蜒的”跟flat“平坦的”是相反的。故选C。【25题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我再次在乡村进行越野跑时，它不断提醒我，我没有保持平时的步伐。A. come up with提出；B keep up with保持；C break up with分手；D. link up with连接。根据后面的“my usual pace（我平时的步伐）”可知，此处是指保持

75、（keep up with）平时的步伐，故选B。【26题详解】考查动词短语。句意：我关掉手表，以为这样可以让我享受周围的环境，找到我所期望的平静。A. cut off切断；B.put off推迟；C.set off出发；D.turn off关闭。根据后面的“my watch(我的手表)”可知，此处是指“关闭（turn off）”，故选D。【27题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：我关掉了手表，认为这样能够让我享受周围的环境，找到我所期盼的平和。A. investments投资；B. surroundings环境；C. investigations调查；D. associations联想，联系。根据语境

76、可知，我外面跑步，会享受周围的环境（surroundings），故选B。【28题详解】考查连词。句意：但是我发现自己做不到。A. but但是，表示转折关系；B. so因此，表示因果关系；C. as当.时候；D. because因为。根据前句“我关了手表 ，认为自己能享受周围的环境”，与空格后的“我发现自己做不到”，可知前后两句是转折关系，故填A。【29题详解】考查名词辨析。句意为：但是在反思之后，我意识到我内心挣扎的原因在小路跑步和研究生院跑步这两件事上。A. motivation动机；B. imagination想象；C. reflection反思；D. determination决心。根据

77、前一句Why cant I let go and just enjoy myself? 为什么我不能放手，好好享受呢?由此可知这是作者的反思（reflection），故选C。【30题详解】考查动词辨析。句意为：但是在反思之后，我意识到我内心挣扎的原因在小路跑步和研究生院跑步这两件事上。A. talking讨论；B. running跑；C. struggling挣扎；D. trembling颤抖。根据上句Why cant I let go and just enjoy myself? I wondered. 我想知道“为什么我不能放手，好好享受呢?”。由此可知，作者内心有挣扎（strugglin

78、g），故选C。【31题详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：在攻读博士学位时，我本认为我扎实的本科学习成绩将立刻让我成功。A. current目前的，当前的；B. instant瞬时；C. temporary临时；D. general一般的。根据 “I constantly felt my progress was too slow. Other students self-confidence and their excellent results”经常感到自己进步太慢。其他学生的自信和优异的成绩。以及“I was wrong（我错了）”可知，原来认为自己由于扎实的本科成绩而会立刻（instant）成

79、功。故选B。【32题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：我在研究能力方面缺少信心，而这种自信缺失让我表现不佳。A. ended结束；B. enriched丰富；C. missed错过；D. lacked缺乏。根据上文，作者成绩优秀，结合下文“Other students self-confidence and their excellent results” 其他学生有自信和优异的成绩，可知，我缺少(lack)自信让我表现不佳。故选D。【33题详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：其他学生的自信心和他们优异的成绩让我不安。A. indifferent冷漠的；B. insecure不安全的；C. incredibl

80、e令人难以置信的 ；D. inconsiderate不体谅的。根据上文缺乏自信让我表现不好，所以其他学生的自信心和他们优异的成绩让我不安（insecure），故选B。【34题详解】考查副词辨析。句意：终于有一天我崩溃了在我导师办公室哭了。A. ultimately最终；B. initially起初；C. hopefully希望地；D. permanently永远地。根据上文可知，作者以为自己扎实的本科成绩会获得成功。让他吃惊的是错了。他对自己在研究方面的能力没有信心，认为这阻止了他的良好表现，经常感到自己的进步太慢。其他学生的自信和优异的成绩让作者感到不安。最终（ultimately）才会崩溃

81、的哭了。故选A。【35题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：然后我回家了。我遭遇到困难是因为我没有调整好自己的期待：关于城市跑步和乡村小路跑步的不同。A. battle战斗；B. complaint抱怨；C. fun有趣；D. trouble困难，麻烦。根据前文可知，作者在研究方面缺乏自信，觉得自己进步太慢了，又因为其他人的自信和优异的成绩而不安，最终崩溃，由此可知，作者遇到了困难（trouble），故选D。【36题详解】考查固定搭配及动词辨析。句意：我遭遇到困难，因为我没有调整好自己的期待以适应城市跑步和乡村小路跑步的不同。A. adjusted调节，适应；B. devoted致力于；C. owed欠

82、，归功；D. contributed贡献，捐献。根据上文的内容可知，作者遇到困难是因为自己没有调整（adjusted）好自己的心态，故选A。【37题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：我遭遇到困难，因为我没有调整好自己的期待以适应城市跑步和乡村小路跑步的不同。A. a country国家；B. a native本地人；C. an urban城市；D. a foreign外国。根据上文“both on trail runs and in graduate school.”乡村小路以及在研究生院的路，而研究生院在大城市，此处是指在城市的（an urban）路上跑步，故选C。【38题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：

83、博士学位就像越野跑:有时你可以跑得很快。有时你可能发现自己正在一条崎岖蜿蜒的小路上以蜗牛的速度爬行。A. rabbits兔子的；B. worms虫子的；C. snakes蛇的；D. snails蜗牛的。 根据前面的“Sometimes you can run fast. Sometimes you might find yourself climbing up a steep, winding trail at.” 有时你可以跑得很快。有时你可能会发现自己爬上陡峭、蜿蜒的小径,在陡峭的小径上，自然就会很慢。根据常识可知，人们总是认为蜗牛（snails）的速度是最慢的，故选D。【39题详解】考查

84、形容词辨析。句意：障碍是不可避免的。A. unreal不真实的；B. unavoidable不可避免的；C. unlimited无限的；D. unacceptable无法接受的。根据上文可知，人生的路有时快，有时慢，因为会遇到“崎岖蜿蜒的”路，这些都是障碍，可知，障碍是不可避免的（unavoidable），故选B。【40题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：有时最好深呼吸，并尽自己最大的努力去迎接挑战。A. embrace拥抱，欣然接受；B. border和毗邻; 与接壤；C. prepare使做好准备，把预备好；D. recognize认识，认出，辨别出。根据语境可知此处作者是建议人们，遇到挑战时，尽

85、最大努力来接受（embrace）挑战。故选A。第II卷第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Fifty years ago, China successfully launched its first satellite, Dongfanghong 1, and started _41_ new chapter in space exploration. _42_ (mark) its 50th anniversary, the China National Space Admi

86、nistration announced the name for the countrys Mars planetary exploration program on April 24.The mission, Tianwen got its name from a long poem Tianwen _43_ (write) by Qu Yuan, a famous poet of the Warring States Period. In the poem, Qu raised a series of questions _44_ (concern) the sky, stars, na

87、tural phenomena, myths and the real world, reflecting his doubts on traditional ideas _45_ his pursuit (追求) of truth. So far, China _46_ (make) remarkable progress in space exploration. In 1970, China launched its first man-made Earth satellite, becoming the fifth country in the world to launch man-

88、made satellites _47_ (independent). Over the past few years, Chinas missions, including the Shenzhou and Change series were designed to explore outer space, expanded _48_ (mankind) understanding of Earth and the universe.This time, the Tianwen series will carry out the first Mars exploration mission

89、, _49_ represents a milestone for Chinas move toward deep space._50_ the names deep roots in Chinese traditional culture, Tianwen demonstrates the determination and perseverance of Chinese people to move further into deep space.【答案】41. a 42. To mark 43. written 44. concerning 45. and 46. has been ma

90、king#has made 47. independently 48. mankinds 49. which 50. With【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国太空探索方面的历史发展以及成功发射“天问”系列的意义。【41题详解】考查冠词。句意：50年前，中国成功发射了第一颗卫星“东方红1号”，开启了太空探索的新篇章。分析句子可知，句中泛指一个新篇章，故空格处应用不定冠词，“new”单词音标的第一个音素为辅音音素，故应用不定冠词“a”。故填a。【42题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了纪念其50周年，中国国家航天局于4月24日宣布了该国火星行星探测计划的名称。根据句意可知，句中“为

91、了纪念其50周年”是“宣布火星行星探测计划的名称”的目的，故应用不定式作目的状语，“mark”意为“纪念”，动词词性，不定式符号“to”后接动词原形，句首单词首字母大写。故填To mark。【43题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：“天问”的名字来源于战国时期著名诗人屈原的一首长诗天问。分析句子可知，句中有谓语动词“got”且句中无连词，故空格处应用非谓语动词，“Tianwen”与“write”之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用“write”的过去分词“written”，作后置定语。故填written。【44题详解】考查介词。句意：在这首诗中，屈原提出了一系列关于天空、星星、自然现象、神话和现实世界的问

92、题，反映了他对传统观念的怀疑和对真理的追求。根据句意可知，屈原提出的问题是“关于”天空、星星、自然现象、神话和现实世界的，故空格处应用“concerning”，意为“关于”，介词词性。故填concerning。【45题详解】考查连词。句意：在这首诗中，屈原提出了一系列关于天空、星星、自然现象、神话和现实世界的问题，反映了他对传统观念的怀疑和对真理的追求。根据句意可知，句中“his doubts on traditional ideas”和“his pursuit (追求) of truth”之间为并列关系，故应用连词“and”，表示并列。故填and。【46题详解】考查时态。句意：到目前为止，中

93、国在太空探索方面取得了显著的进展。根据句意和句中“So far”可知，句中应用现在完成时表示动作开始于过去并持续到现在，句子主语“China”与“has”连用，“make”的过去分词为“made”；或用现在完成进行时表示动作开始于过去，持续到现在，并在将来可能仍然要继续下去，“make”的现在分词为“making”。故填has been making/has made。【47题详解】考查副词。句意：1970年，中国发射了第一颗人造地球卫星，成为世界上第五个独立发射人造卫星的国家。分析句子可知，句中“launch”意为“发射”，动词词性，应用副词修饰，“independent”意为“独立的”，形

94、容词词性，对应的副词为“independently”，意为“独立地”。故填independently。【48题详解】考查名词所有格。句意：在过去的几年里，中国的任务，包括“神舟”和“嫦娥”系列，旨在探索外层空间，扩大了人类对地球和宇宙的理解。分析句子可知，“understanding”意为“理解”，名词词性，前面应用名词所有格修饰，“mankind” 意为“人类”，名词词性，名词所有格为“mankinds”。 故填mankinds。【49题详解】考查定语从句。句意：这一次，“天问”系列将执行第一次火星探测任务，这是中国探索外太空的一个里程碑。根据句意和句子结构可知，句子为非限制性定语从句，先行

95、词为“天问”系列将执行第一次火星探测任务这件事，故应用关系代词“which”引导从句。 故填which。【50题详解】考查with的复合结构。句意：“天问”的名字深深植根于中国传统文化，它展示了中国人向更深层空间迈进的决心和毅力。分析句子可知，句中涉及“with的复合结构”，即“with+宾语+宾语补足语”，在句中作状语，故空格处应用“with”，句首单词首字母大写。 故填With。第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节 短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处

96、错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。I use a very traditional method to helping me improve my English. I write letters with stamp. My friends say that Im out of date and that its bored. But I like it. I

97、 have pen pals in the USA, Canada and Australia. Every week, I got a letter from one of them and I write a reply immediately on a same day. If I write an e-mail, my computer correct my spelling and my grammar. But with a real letter, you must to think more. And its something that takes time or a lot

98、 of consideration. Im fond my letters and I love my pen pals. Its a very successful method for myself.【答案】1.helpinghelp2.stampstamps3.boredboring4.gotget5.same前athe6.correctcorrects7.删除to8.orand9.fond后添加of10.myselfme【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了作者通过用邮票写信来提高英语。【详解】1.考查固定短语。句意：我用一个非常传统的方法来帮助我提高英语。此处为短语use sth

99、. to do sth.，故help应用动词原形。故helping改为help。2.考查名词的数。句意：我用邮票写信。stamp为可数名词，此处前文没有冠词，表示数量大于一应用复数形式。故stamp改为stamps。3.考查形容词。句意：我的朋友说我过时了，觉得很无聊。此处主语为it，指代拥有票写信这件事，应用-ing结尾形容词boring作表语。故bored改为boring。4.考查时态。句意：每个星期，我都会收到他们其中一位的来信，并在同一天立即回复。此处为一般现在时，主语为I，谓语动词用原形。故got改为get。5.考查冠词。句意：每个星期，我都会收到他们其中一位的来信，并在同一天立即回

100、复。结合句意表示“同一”短语为the same。故same前a改为the。6.考查主谓一致。句意：如果我写一封电子邮件，我的电脑会纠正我的拼写和语法。此处为一般现在时，主语为computer，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故correct改为corrects。7.考查情态动词。句意：但是对于一封真正的信，你必须多想想。must为情态动词，后面直接跟动词原形。故删除to。8.考查连词。句意：这需要时间和大量的考虑。此处“需要时间”和“考虑”为并列关系，应用连词and。故or改为and。9.考查介词。句意：我喜欢我的信，我爱我的笔友。结合句意表示“喜欢”可知短语为be fond of。故fond后添加o

101、f。10.考查代词。句意：这对我来说是一个非常成功的方法。此处作宾语，表示“我”应用代词me。故myself改为me。第二节 书面表达（满分25分）52. 假定你是李华，你的新西兰朋友Leo准备来中国学习，他来信向你咨询有关学习汉语的建议。请用英语给他写一封回信。内容包括：1. 表示欢迎；2. 提出建议；3. 表达期望。注意：1、词数100左右；2、可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3、开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dear Leo，_Li Hua【答案】Dear Leo,I am so delighted to hear that you are coming to study in Chi

102、na, writing in response to your inquiries concerning how to learn Chinese.To begin with, it is crucial to read massively so that words and sentences can be accumulated. Actively engaging in conversations with native Chinese speakers also helps a lot in your language intuition. Additionally, why not

103、set aside some time to watch stage plays in the local theatre where you are certain to gain a deeper insight into Chinese culture.Hope you find my suggestions practical and please contact me if you have further questions.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生用英语给Leo写一封回信，信中表示欢迎、提出建议以及表达期望。【详解】1.词汇积累留出：set apartse

104、t aside参加：join inengage in重要的：importantcrucial建议：advicesuggestion2.句式拓展同义句替换原句：Actively engaging in conversations with native Chinese speakers also helps a lot in your language intuition.同义句：It is also helpful for you to actively engage in conversations with native Chinese speakers in your language

105、intuition.【点睛】高分句型1 I am so delighted to hear that you are coming to study in China, writing in response to your inquiries concerning how to learn Chinese. (运用了that引导宾语从句)高分句型2 To begin with, it is crucial to read massively so that words and sentences can be accumulated. (运用了目的状语从句)听力答案：1-5 CBBAC 6-10 ABBCA 11-15 CACCA 16-20 ABCBA