2022版高考人教版英语一轮学案：选修6 UNIT 5　THE POWER OF NATURE WORD版含解析.doc

1、单元主题语境人与自然之自然灾害与防范，安全常识与自我保护(2019高考浙江卷)话题：气候变化与大树变少词数：314 难度：California has lost half its big trees since the 1930s，according to a study to be published Tuesday and climate change seems to be a major factor (因素)The number of trees larger than two feet across has declined by 50 percent on more than 4

2、6,000 square miles of California forests，the new study finds.No area was spared or unaffected，from the foggy northern coast to the Sierra Nevada Mountains to the San Gabriels above Los Angeles.In the Sierra high country，the number of big trees has fallen by more than 55 percent；in parts of southern

3、California the decline was nearly 75 percent.Many factors contributed to the decline，said Patrick McIntyre，an ecologist who was the lead author of the study.Woodcutters targeted big trees.Housing development pushed into the woods.Aggressive wildfire control has left California forests crowded with s

4、mall trees that compete with big trees for resources (资源)But in comparing a study of California forests done in the 1920s and 1930s with another one between 2001 and 2010，McIntyre and his colleagues documented a widespread death of big trees that was evident even in wildlands protected from woodcutt

5、ing or development.The loss of big trees was greatest in areas where trees had suffered the greatest water shortage.The researchers figured out water stress with a computer model that calculated how much water trees were getting in comparison with how much they needed，taking into account such things

6、 as rainfall，air temperature，dampness of soil，and the timing of snowmelt (融雪)Since the 1930s，McIntyre said，the biggest factors driving up water stress in the state have been rising temperatures，which cause trees to lose more water to the air，and earlier snowmelt，which reduces the water supply availa

7、ble to trees during the dry season.语篇解读本文是一篇调查报告。调查表明，加利福尼亚州的大树变少了，而气候变化是其中的一个主要因素。27What is the second paragraph mainly about?AThe seriousness of bigtree loss in California.BThe increasing variety of California big trees.CThe distribution of big trees in California forests.DThe influence of farming

8、 on big trees in California.解析：段落大意题。第二段中通过列举一系列数字表明，加利福尼亚州的大树减少的严重性，故A项正确。答案：A28Which of the following is wellintentioned but may be bad for big trees?AEcological studies of forests.BBanning woodcutting.CLimiting housing development.DFire control measures.解析：推理判断题。第三段提到了造成加利福尼亚州的大树减少的三个因素：woodcutte

9、rs，housing development与aggressive wildfire control。前两个因素直接与大树的减少有关，如果能控制住，大树就不会减少；而第三个因素控制野火的措施使得加利福尼亚州的森林里满是跟大树争夺资源的小树，初衷是为了控制野火，这是好的，实则对大树不利，故D项正确(好心办坏事)。答案：D29What is a major cause of the water shortage according to McIntyre?AInadequate snowmelt.BA longer dry season.CA warmer climate.DDampness of

10、 the air.解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“the biggest factors driving up water stress in the state have been rising temperatures”可知，水不足的主要原因就是气温升高 (rising temperatures)，即更加温暖的气候，故C项正确。答案：C30What can be a suitable title for the text?ACalifornias Forests：Where Have All the Big Trees Gone?BCutting of Big Trees to Be

11、Prohibited in California SoonCWhy Are the Big Trees Important to California Forests?DPatrick McIntyre：Grow More Big Trees in California解析：标题归纳题。本文是一篇调查报告，第一段就点出主题：California has lost half its big trees since the 1930s。后面具体分析了加利福尼亚州大树的现状、造成大树减少的原因等，A项作为标题最合适。答案：A一、语言能力熟词生义/ 词类活用1study n调查，研究2decline

12、n降幅，下降3contributed to 导致4the lead author 第一作者，主要作者5documented v记录，记载(详情)6take into account 考虑到二、思维品质1阅读技巧确定位置，提炼概括段落大意一般而言，每个段落都有一个中心，且通常中心思想会在本段的首句或尾句体现出来，这就是常说的主题句。 由于文章内容和体裁的不同，作者的写作手法也不尽相同，主题句在段落中出现的位置也不固定。一般说来，采用归纳法的段落，细节表述在前，归纳概括在后，主题句在段尾；采用演绎法的段落，先提出观点，后演绎例证，由一般到特殊，主题句出现在段首；若作者采用由特殊一般特殊的方式，主题

13、句可能出现在段落的中间。有时，作者没有写出明显的主题句，我们要学会根据段落的内容去概括出主题句，进而归纳出文章的主题。如27题，根据第二段首句可知研究发现，加利福尼亚的大树数量下降了百分之五十。后面列举数目，主要说明数量急剧下降。可知大树数量急剧下降的严峻形势。故选A。2分析长难句并翻译句子But in comparing a study of California forests done in the 1920s and 1930s with another one between 2001 and 2010，McIntyre and his colleagues documented a

14、 widespread death of big trees that was evident even in wildlands protected from woodcutting or development.分析in comparing a study of California forests done in the 1920s and 1930s with another one between 2001 and 2010作状语，句子的主语是McIntyre and his colleagues，谓语是documented，a widespread death是宾语。that引导的

15、是定语从句，修饰death。翻译但是把20世纪20年代和30年代对加利福尼亚森林的研究和2001年至2010年的研究结果比较，McIntyre 和他的同事发现甚至在野外受到保护，免受砍伐和开发的大树也大范围地死亡。三、文化素养思考：通过阅读这篇文章，你如何认为自然和人类社会的关系？自然和人类社会的关系恰如水与舟的关系，社会发展不能违背自然规律，二者关系处理的好坏直接关系到整个人类社会的可持续发展。授课提示：对应学生用书第190页NO.1单词在语境中应用，在拓展中记多01核心单词先识记请根据汉语提示完成下列词块1appoint a new head teacher任命一位新校长2wave sb.

16、a greeting挥手向某人致意3alongside the theatre在剧院旁边4tremble with anger因愤怒而发抖5sweat his patient使他的病人发汗6panic the horse使马惊慌7shoot the arrow at the target有的放矢8uncomfortable surroundings不舒服的环境9arouse sb.s enthusiasm激起某人的积极性10be guaranteed for one year保修一年11be bathed in sweat浑身大汗12an anxious expression 忧虑的表情13i

17、n actual life在实际生活中14a potential disaster潜在的灾祸15a diving suit 潜水服16a piece of equipment 一件设备再拓展请填入括号内单词的正确形式1The film Farewell My Concubine was adapted from the novel of the same title by Hong Kong novelist Li Bihua.(novel)2Choose a pair of shoes that suits you best，and well cycle to a suitable plac

18、e for a picnic.(suit)3He was anxious to leave and he could not hide his anxiety.(anxious)4People with an appreciation of art and literature can appreciate works of art.(appreciate)5The new labs are equipped with advanced equipment.(equip)6Do you want to evaluate your intelligence？Just complete the e

19、valuation from below，please.(evaluate)7Tom was badly hurt and still unconscious after the accident，but his wife was conscious and was smiling to us consciously.(conscious)8People from diverse cultures hold different understanding on the play and this diversity of opinions makes it hard to reach an a

20、greement at the meeting.(diverse)02阅读单词标注不认识的单词，回查单词表重新记忆volcanohurricanequestionnairedatabase diagram ashmolten helmet geologypeak fountain candidatetyphoon rainbow balconyNO.2短语在拼写中记牢，在联想中积累必会短语请根据汉语提示完成下列词块1in the distance在远处2make ones way home朝家的方向走去3be about to change即将发生变化4be home to pandas熊猫的

21、家园5take notice of nothing什么都没注意6vary from region to region因地区而异7compared with last year与去年相比8glance through my album匆匆看一遍我的相册9have a gift for music有音乐天赋10burn the city to the ground把城市烧成平地词汇积累1含“ist (人)”词根的单词novel (小说)istnovelist小说家dent (齿)istdentist牙医capital (资本)istcapitalist资本主义者reception (接待)istr

22、eceptionist接待员physics 物理学(去s)istphysicist 物理学家volcanology 火山学(去y)istvolcanologist 火山学家2“have an. for”短语集锦have a gift for 有的天赋have a preference for 偏爱；特别喜爱have a desire for 想要；渴望have a nose for 对敏感have a taste for 对有兴趣have a fancy for 喜欢；迷恋have a chance for 有的机会NO.3句式在解读中学懂，在学写中学通请根据提示完成下列句子1现在分词的完成式

23、 (having done) 作状语回答老师的问题后，她坐下来，感到轻松多了。Having answered the teachers questions，she sat down and felt much more relaxed.2be about to do.when.“正要这时”我正要去你家帮助你学英语，这时我叔叔来了。I was about to go to your home to help you with your English when my uncle came.3独立主格结构，在句中作原因状语如果时间允许，采摘活动结束后，我们将在农场举行一个晚会。Time permi

24、tting，we will hold a party on the farm after the picking activity is over.4It is said that.“据说”据说我们的对手很厉害，所以我们队从明天起每天放学后都要训练以赢得比赛。It is said that our opponent is great，so our team will be trained every day after school from tomorrow to win the game.(2019高考全国卷)授课提示：对应学生用书第191页1appoint vt. 任命；委派；约定；指定

25、(时间、地点等)写作佳句 I was appointed to take charge of arranging all the activities on that day.我被指定负责安排那一天的所有活动。归纳拓展 (1)appoint sb.as/to be.任命某人为appoint sb.to do sth.委派某人做某事(2)appointed adj.约定的(3)appointment n任命；约定；约会have/make an appointment with sb.与某人有约会/预约实战演练基础练透完成语段Xiao Li made/had an appointment with

26、 the manager and arrived at the appointed time.Later，she was appointed to hold an important post.肖丽和经理预约并在约定的时间到达。后来她被任命担任一个重要的职务。能力提升句式升级He was appointed as headmaster of the school.He spared no effort to improve its teaching quality.Appointed as headmaster of the school，he spared no effort to impr

27、ove its teaching quality.(分词短语作状语)2suit n. 一套外衣；套装 vt. 适合；使适宜文化金句 The Tang suit has been popular around China in the past ten years，which means the revival of the Chinese national culture.在过去的十年里，唐装在中国各地很受欢迎，这意味着中华民族文化的复兴。归纳拓展 (1)a suit of一套(2)suit sb.适合某人suit ones needs适合某人的需要(3)suitable adj.适当的；相配

28、的；适合的be suitable for sb.(某物)适合某人be suitable to do sth.适合做某事 实战演练基础练透单句语法填空/选词填空(suit/match/fit)You look wonderful in that suitable dress.It really suits you.(suit)The hat doesnt suit her，for one thing it doesnt fit because of its size；for another its color doesnt match her charming face.能力提升翻译句子我想知道

29、这些学生是否适合做兼职或暑假工作。I am wondering whether the students are suitable to do parttime or summer jobs.实战贴士 suit多指合乎需要、口味、性格、款式等；而fit多指大小、形状的合适；match多指色调、形状、性质等方面的搭配。3anxious adj. 忧虑的；不安的写作佳句 Anxious all the time，I was unable to keep focused for more than an hour at a time.由于总是焦虑不安，我一向无法保持注意力集中超过一个小时。归纳拓展

30、(1)be anxious about sth.为某事忧虑/担心be anxious for sth.渴望；担心be anxious (for sb.) to do sth.渴望 (某人) 做某事(2)anxiously adv.不安地；忧虑地anxiety n焦虑；担心；渴望with anxietyanxiously焦虑地；不安地实战演练基础练透单句语法填空I was anxious about/for his safety when I heard the news of the train accident.Anxiously，she took the dress out of the

31、package and tried it on，only to find it didnt fit.She took the dress out of the package and tried it on with anxiety，only to find it didnt fit.(anxious)能力提升一句多译我很担心即将到来的考试，以至于晚上很难入睡。Im so anxious about the coming exam that I can hardly fall asleep at night.(so.that.)Anxious about the coming exam，I c

32、an hardly fall asleep at night.(形容词短语作伴随状语)4panic n. 惊慌；恐慌 vi.& vt. (使)惊慌/恐慌写作佳句 The conditions became more severe and many people were panicked into leaving the country.形势变得更严峻，许多人惊慌地离开了这个国家。归纳拓展 (1)panic sb.into doing sth.使某人因惊慌而做某事(2)get into a panic惊慌失措 (表动作)in panic惊慌失措 (表状态)实战演练基础练透单句语法填空Not o

33、nly do online rumors cause people in panic，but they disturb public order.Tom panicked at the sound of explosion and his wife also got into a panic.Hearing the gun，the deer was panicked (panic) into running straight for the headlights.能力提升完成句子Even the great speaker sometimes will be in panic and slip

34、 into a bathroom for practice before making a speech.即使是出色的演讲者在演讲之前有时候也会惊恐不安，溜进洗手间猛操练一番。实战贴士 注意panic的过去式和过去分词都是panicked。5guarantee vt. 保证；担保n. 保证；担保；抵押品；担保人；保修单文化金句 As for preparation，reading some Chinese novels in advance will guarantee you adapting into the Chinese language environment.作为准备，事先阅读一些

35、中文小说会保证让你融入中国语言的环境中。归纳拓展 (1)guarantee sb.sth.guarantee sth.to sb.保证某人某事guarantee to do sth./that.保证/担保做某事；确保(2)give sb.a guarantee (that).向某人保证under guarantee在保修期内 实战演练基础练透单句语法填空/一词多义The car is less than a year old，so it is still under guarantee.To borrow a large amount of money，he had to offer his

36、house as a guarantee.n.抵押品If I borrow $10,000 from the bank，will you be my guarantee？n.担保人能力提升完成句子Can you give me a guarantee that the work will be finished on time?你能向我保证这项工作会按时完成吗？6make ones way 前往；到(某地)写作佳句 So long as you work hard，you can make your way in life.只要你努力工作，你的人生就会成功。归纳拓展make ones way

37、to/towards朝走去fight ones way奋力前进lose ones way迷路feel ones way摸索前进push ones way挤出来wind ones way蜿蜒前进 实战演练基础练透完成语段Having felt his way through the forest，he lost his way back home，only to find a river winding its way down the hill.摸索着穿过森林后，他迷失了回家的路，仅发现一条小溪沿着山坡蜿蜒流下来。能力提升翻译句子看！很多孩子正往海滩走去。Look! Many children

38、 are making their way to the beach.7vary from.to. 由到不等写作佳句 I like reading very much，especially the storybooks，varying from Chinese stories to English ones.我非常喜欢读书，尤其是故事书，无论是中文的还是英文的。归纳拓展 (1)vary in.在(大小、形状等)上不同vary with/by随变化/改变(2)various adj.各种各样的；多姿多彩的(3)variety n种类；多样化a variety of/varieties of种种；

39、各种各样的实战演练基础练透单句语法填空Prices of fruits，which vary in size，often vary with the season.In my free time，Ill continue to take regular exercise，such as swimming，running and various (vary) ball games.These bags are made of varieties (various) of materials.能力提升完成句子We join in a variety of/varieties of/various

40、activities in our new gymnasium，which brings us lots of pleasure.(2018高考全国卷)在新体育馆里，我们参加各种各样的活动，这给我们带来很多快乐。8独立主格结构教材原句 The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study，but this being my first experience，I stayed at the top and watched them.另外两人攀下火山口去收集供日后研究用的岩浆，我是第一次经历这

41、样的事，所以留在山顶上观察他们。归纳拓展独立主格结构的构成：名词/代词现在分词(主动、进行)/过去分词(被动、完成)/不定式(将来)/形容词、副词/介词短语等。(1)其中名词或代词起着逻辑主语的作用，另一部分表示状态、状况或动作。(2)独立主格结构在句子中作状语，表示时间、原因、条件、伴随等。(3)独立主格结构一般用逗号与主句分开。实战演练基础练透单句语法填空The manager looks relaxed，many things settled(settle)Such an able man to help (help) you，you will surely succeed sooner

42、 or later.The guide leading (lead) the way，we had no trouble getting out of the forest.能力提升句式升级The music festival to be held by our school is full of wonderful programs such as some traditional Chinese dances and songs.(2019高考全国卷)The music festival to be held by our school is full of wonderful progr

43、ams，some traditional Chinese dances and songs included. (独立主格结构)9“It is said that.” 句式教材原句 It is said that this boy，who had a great gift for languages and persuasion，is the father of the Manchu people.据说这个男孩就是满族人的祖先，他具有语言天赋和很强的说服力。归纳拓展 (1)句式“It is said that.Sb./Sth.is said to do sth.”，意为“据说”。其中，不定式根

44、据情况可用一般式、进行式或完成式。(2)It is thought that.据认为It is believed that.人们相信It is reported that.据报道 实战演练基础练透单句语法填空/补全句子He is thought to have acted (act) foolishly.Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job.Carbon dioxide is said to be heating (heat) the earth twice as quickly as previously fear

45、ed.It is hoped that (希望) these suggestions would be of great help to you.(2018高考全国卷)能力提升一句多译人们相信音乐节不仅有意义而且有趣。(2019高考全国卷)It is believed that the music festival will be not only meaningful but also interesting.People believe that the music festival will be not only meaningful but also interesting.授课提示

46、：对应学生用书第194页教材与高考.阅读理解障碍词 1阅读词汇认知(2020高考全国卷)The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have taken it a step furtherchanging the actual composition of plants in order to get them to perform diverse, even unusual functions.adj.不同的(2019高考全国卷)I once wrote a paper on the influence o

47、f fairy tales on Roald Dahls writing and it gave me a new appreciation for his strange and delightful words.n.了解(2018高考全国卷)All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.v.配有2一词多义(2018高考浙江卷)Its partly that his writings rode a wave of social，political and scientific progress.AA波动；浪潮B

48、挥手C飘动.语言运用高频点1语法填空(2020高考全国卷)Housewarming parties get their name from the fact that a long time ago people would actually (actual) bring firewood to a new home as a gift.(2019高考全国卷)Ehlers thought about the small dog he had seen trembling (tremble) alongside the road.(2018高考全国卷)Some of us were confid

49、ent and eager to take part in the class activity；others were nervous and anxious (anxiety)(2017高考全国卷)Instead，we had a popup camper with comfortable (comfort) beds and an air conditioner.2完形填空(2018高考全国卷)I was thrilled! I arrived early at Byron Bay where we were supposed to meet.The bay was 45 in suns

50、hine，and there was a group of kayakers around 150m off the shore.AbathedBcleanCdeepDformed解析：此处意为“海湾沐浴在阳光中”，be bathed in表示“沐浴在中”。clean“清洁的”；deep“深的”；form“组成，形成”。答案：A(2017高考浙江卷)When the war was near，Alia was worried that the fires of war would destroy the books，which are more 39 to her than mountains

51、 of gold.ApracticalBpreciousCreliableDexpensive解析：根据语境及下文的mountains of gold可知，Alia认为这些书比金山还要珍贵，故选precious，表示“珍贵的”。答案：B.书面表达亮点练1(2020高考全国卷)由那个男孩带路，我们很容易就找到了那个奇怪的洞。(独立主格结构)The boy leading the way，we had no trouble finding the strange cave.2(2019高考江苏卷)大家都认为传统的中国服装更适合这个场合。(It is thought that.)It is thou

52、ght that the traditional Chinese clothes is more suitable for the occasion.3(陕西卷)首先，因为我的英语口语很流利，我认为这项工作很适合我。(suit)Firstly，because my spoken English is fluent，I think this job suits me well.素养与落实用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文假定你是李华，你的朋友Jenny要到吉林游玩，请你给她推荐景点，请按要求回信。推荐长白山；介绍长白山特色；表达祝愿。Step 1补全要点句(黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)很高

53、兴得知你要来吉林游玩，我想向你推荐长白山。Im delighted to hear you are coming to visit Jilin，so Id like to recommend Changbaishan to you.众所周知，长白山不仅是一个著名的旅游胜地，也是中国最大的自然保护区。It is wellknown that Changbaishan is not only a famous tourist attraction but also Chinas largest nature reserve.该地高度从海拔700米到2 000多米不等。The height of t

54、he land varies from 700 meters above sea level to over 2,000 meters.它是各种稀有动植物的家园。It is home to a great diversity of rare plants and animals.来这里，你可以在山中漫步或沐浴在温泉水中。(分词短语作状语)Coming here，you can either walk in the mountains or bathe in the hot water pools.天池是该在自然保护区受到高度赞赏的景观。The attraction which is highly appreciated in the reserve is Tianchi.我保证你游览长白山一定会玩得开心。I guarantee you will have a wonderful time visiting Changbaishan.Step 2升级平淡句利用分词短语作状语升级句Delighted to hear you are coming to visit Jilin，Id like to recommend Changbaishan to you.