2022版高考英语一轮复习 2 健康的生活方式、积极的生活态度（1）课时提能练（含解析）.doc

1、课时提能练(二).阅读理解A(济宁市2020年高考模拟考试)Physical activity calorie equivalent (相等的东西) (PACE) labels could improve on labels that identify only calories and the nutrient content, according to a new scientific review.Under the proposed system, a small bar of chocolate would carry a label informing consumers that

2、 it would take 23 minutes of running or 46 minutes of walking to burn off the 230 calories it contains.The largescale application of PACE labels could, on average, cut calorie consumption by up to 200 calories per person per day, according to researchers.Amanda Daley, lead researcher from Loughborou

3、gh University，said that PACE labels would present the information in a more accessible way to consumers than the existing calorie and nutrient content labels.She told CNN that the current labeling system “hasnt made a huge difference to obesity in the UK”She and her team looked at data from 14 studi

4、es that examined the effectiveness of PACE labeling in reducing calorie consumption.Researchers caution that the number of studies included in the review was small, and most took place in controlled environments rather than realworld settings, but still conclude that PACE labeling is worth trying.A

5、reduction of about 100 calories per day, combined with a sustained increase in physical activity, could reduce obesity rates, according to Daley.She called PACE a “really simple and really straightforward” strategy, and suggested it could be used on food and drink packaging, supermarket labels and r

6、estaurant menus.However, Nichola LudlamRaine，a registered dietitian and spokesperson for the British Dietetic Association, flagged some issues with PACE labels.LudlamRaine said PACE “could be extremely problematic” for those with eating disorders as it suggests that food needs to be “burnt off”It al

7、so promotes the idea that calories，rather than nutrients, are the main consideration when it comes to food, she added.“Remember, you cannot outrun a bad diet，” said LudlamRaine, explaining that exercising doesnt mean you can live off chocolate and fizzy drinks.【语篇解读】本文属于说明文。PACE标签能够以一种更易懂的方式展示食物的卡路里

8、和营养含量，大规模应用PACE标签，或可减少人们的热量摄入。1What does Daley think of the existing labeling system?AIt contains physical activity calories.BIt affects calorie consumption greatly.CIts not effective enough against obesity.DIt can be widely applied to other fields.C细节理解题。根据第三段中的“She told CNN that the current labeli

9、ng systemhasnt made a huge difference to obesity in the UK”可知，Amanda Daley认为现在的标签体系并没有对英国的肥胖问题产生巨大的影响，即不能足够有效地解决肥胖问题。2What does the underlined word “flagged” in Paragraph 5 mean?APointed out.BLeft out.CObjected to.DJumped at.A词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“LudlamRaine said PACE could be extremely problematic for tho

10、se with eating disorders as it suggests that food needs to beburnt off”可知，LudlamRaine讲到了PACE标签对于那些饮食失调的人来说存在的问题，故画线词所在句应表示她指出或提到一些有关PACE标签的问题，故选A项。point out“指出；指明”。leave out“遗漏，不包括”；object to“反对，不赞成”；jump at“迫不及待地接受”。3What can be inferred from LudlamRaines words?APACE labeling causes eating disorder

11、s.BCalories matter more than nutrients.CHaving a good diet is more important.DTaking exercise is not necessary at all.C推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Remember，you cannot outrun a bad diet， said LudlamRaine，explaining that exercising doesnt mean you can live off chocolate and fizzy drinks.”可知，有一个好的饮食习惯很重要。4Which sec

12、tion of a magazine is the text likely from?AFashion.BHealth.CSports.DTechnology.B文章出处题。文章主要介绍了有助于减少消费者每天的卡路里摄入量的PACE标签，并在最后提到好的饮食习惯的必要性，故文章话题应属于“健康”这一范畴，最可能在杂志的健康版块出现。B(河北省石家庄二中2020届高三教学质量检测)Can snacking be a key element of a healthy lifestyle? If your first response is “No！”， heres a chance to upda

13、te your opinions.Some of us were raised with the advice of “Never eat between meals.”， which can protect our teeth from sweets.Yet there can be significant advantages of snacking on healthy foods.Researchers have found that eating frequent minimeals offers health benefits.Dr.David Jenkins and collea

14、gues at the University of Toronto have reported some remarkable advantages.In one study, participants were randomly divided into two groups and both groups were given the same type and amount of food over a twoweek period.One group consumed three meals a day.For those having a “Nibbling Diet”， food

15、was divided into 17 minimeals a day.After two weeks, the nibblers had reduced their blood cholesterol (胆固醇) levels by more than 15 percent.Cortisol (皮质醇), a stress indicator, was reduced by 17 percent.Average serum insulin (血清胰岛素) levels of nibblers were reduced by 28 percent.With less insulin, the

16、body is less likely to convert loads of calories into body fat.Also, you may think eating concentrated sources of fat or sugar (or both) will pack the weight into your body.However, see below for some examples of healthy snacks：Nuts are high in fat so keep portions moderate.However, the fat comes wi

17、th a wealth of minerals and protective substances.For growing youngsters, highenergy adults, athletes and those who have difficulty maintaining their weight, nuts are a great solution.Dried fruits (raisins, currants, apricots) help you stock up on iron.If you tend to feel cold in winter, keep raisin

18、s handy.When your blood sugar drops, youll have an instant remedy.Fresh fruit is also a great choice.【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文，很多人从小就被教导“两餐之间不要吃东西”，然而，研究人员发现，经常吃健康的零食对身体有很大的益处。5Why does the author propose a question at the beginning of the passage?ATo raise the readers awareness of refusing snacks.BTo arouse t

19、he readers interest in the topic.CTo show the significance of healthy lifestyles.DTo emphasize the importance of eating snacks.B推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Can snacking be a key element of a healthy lifestyle？If your first response isNo！，heres a chance to update your opinions.”和下文介绍的经常吃健康零食的好处可知，文章开头的问题是为了引起读者对该话

20、题的兴趣，从而引出文章的主题。故选B项。6What do the underlined words “Nibbling Diet” in Paragraph 2 refer to?ANot eating too much food at a time.BEating many snacks at a time.CEating food gently each time.DEating food quickly each time.A词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“One group consumed three meals a day.”和画线部分后的food was divided into 1

21、7 minimeals a day可知，此处指参与者被随机分为两组，在两周的时间里，两组都被供应相同种类和数量的食物；一组人每天吃三顿饭，另一组每天的食物则被分成17份。由此可推知，画线部分应指一次不吃太多食物。故选A项。7How does the author convince readers to believe his opinion?ABy explaining some concepts.BBy using many experts words.CBy asking many specific questions.DBy giving some examples.D推理判断题。根据第

22、二段的内容可知，作者通过介绍一项研究实验来论证自己的观点，而第四段至第六段作者举例说明不同的人应该吃什么健康零食，所以作者是通过举例来让读者信服他的观点的。故选D项。8Who can benefit from dried fruits in daily life?AAn athlete who needs to maintain his weight.BA child who is eager to grow up quickly.CA girl who wants to warm herself in winter.DA patient who longs to decrease his b

23、lood sugar.C细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Dried fruits (raisins，currants，apricots) help you stock up on iron.If you tend to feel cold in winter，keep raisins handy.”可知，如果你冬天容易感到冷的话，可以把葡萄干放在手边，当作零食。由此可知，想要在冬天让自己暖和起来的女孩会从葡萄干这种干果中受益。故选C项。.完形填空(山东省胶东示范校2020届高三下学期联考)It started out as an ordinary day.I was shopping when

24、it 1 me that I had promised to do a reading challenge.With this in mind，I picked a 2 by Rachel Hollis and went home.Shortly after I sat down reading, my dog started barking. 3 ，I threw the book down onto the cushion to 4 the dog.When I returned, I found a(n) 5 5dollar bill on the floor.Assuming it f

25、lew out of the book, I glanced through pages in the 6 of finding a clue.I then found a note between the chapters.It 7 ，“To the person who buys this book：Im having a hard day.Maybe I could 8 someone elses with this little gift.”I thought it was someone really 9 that shifted the energy on such a bad d

26、ay to 10 someone elses.If I was having 11 days, Id just want to settle back eating ice cream! I then shared the sweet gesture on a website, which received thousands of likes.Now I am 12 with responses from people who have been 13 to pay the good deed forward.I hope the countless new stories will 14

27、the author of the note, so that she could know the 15 of her simple kindness.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者买回家一本书，意外发现里面夹着一张钞票和便条，原来是一个陌生人在自己不如意的一天给别人准备的礼物。作者将这一善举上传到网上后，引发了一连串的善行。1A.worriedBremindedChitDshockedC结合语境和下文中的“With this in mind”可知，作者正在购物时，突然想起自己曾承诺要进行一项阅读挑战。hit后跟sb.，可以表示“使某人突然想起”。2A.listBnoteCrecordD

28、workD想到了这件事，作者挑选了一本Rachel Hollis的书，然后回家了。work“著作，(艺术)作品”。3A.EventuallyBConsequentlyCGraduallyDSuddenlyB作者坐下看书后不久，她的狗就开始叫了起来。因此她把书扔到垫子上，去查看她的小狗。根据语境可知，空处前后之间是因果关系，所以此处用副词consequently“结果，因此，所以”。4A.check onBbring inChold upDfind outA参见上题解析。5A.movingBamusingCconfusingDsatisfyingC作者发现在地上莫名其妙多了一张5美元的钞票，感到

29、很惊奇。confusing“令人困惑的”。6A.expectationBformCdirectionDprocessA作者假定钱是从书中飞出来的，于是翻阅书页，希望能找到线索。in the expectation of“希望，期待”。7A.writesBreads CshowsDmeansB作者发现了一张夹在书中的便条，上面写的有内容。read“(指示牌、信上等)写着”。8A.observeBmemorizeClengthenDbrightenD此处表示“我这一天过得不好，也许我可以用这个小礼物使别人有愉悦的一天”。brighten“使更开心，使更有趣”。9A.creativeBelegant

30、CenergeticDspecialD根据上文的内容以及下文作者拿自己与写便条的人作对比“If I was having.settle back eating ice cream！”可知，写便条的人某一天的日子很艰难，但却转移精力去改善别人的一天，作者认为这样的人很特别。special“特殊的，特别的”。10A.praisingBimprovingCunderstandingDnoticingB结合语境以及上文提到的“with this little gift”可知，写便条的人想改善别人的一天。improve“改善”。11A.busyBpleasant CtoughDboringC上文中的“I

31、m having a hard day”“on such a bad day”暗示了此处是作者拿自己与写便条的人作对比。tough“艰苦的，艰难的”。12A.floodedBassociated CfacedDprovidedA作者现在收到了很多人的回复。be flooded with sth.“大量收到某物”。13A.interestedBinspiredCrecommendedDurgedB他们被这一善举鼓舞(inspired)，都以实际行动把这种善行传递下去。14A.changeBhelpCconnectDreachD根据下文中的“so that she could know”可知，作者

32、希望这些新的故事最终能传到便条的作者那里。reach“得知(信息)”。15A.purposeBspread CimpactDreputationC作者希望便条的作者能充分了解到自己的善举所带来的影响。impact“影响”。.语法填空(2021新高考八省联考卷)Like many other students，you may have various people，1._(include) family members and friends，giving input on your college decision.While many of your trusted relatives an

33、d peers(同龄人) may have very 2._(value) advice that can help you to make the decision，finally the choice is yours and yours alone.Only you can fully realize which aspects of a college will make you truly happy and 3._(satisfy)，so keep that at the front of your mind.Moreover，fully consider each option.

34、It can be easy 4._(let) a particular school become a frontrunner early on 5._ your decisionmaking process，and it may even become the winning choicebut be sure to carefully evaluate every school 6._ has accepted you，since you had particular reasons for applying to each school.Do keep 7._ open mind.St

35、udents can change majors，but remember that theres no reliving a certain semester(学期)，and theres no making up for lost time.Dont go to a school 8._(specific) for a high school relationship 9._ to make someone else happy.A 10._(student) college experience is his or her own，and the student must put his

36、 or her education first.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要是关于学生该如何选择自己要上的学校的建议，说明了虽然亲戚和朋友可能有非常有价值的建议，但还是要自己做决定，充分考虑每一种选择， 保持开放的心态， 把自己的教育放在首位。1including考查介词。句意：像许多其他学生一样，你可能会有各种各样的人，包括家庭成员和朋友，为你的大学决定提供意见。结合句意表示“包含在内”，后跟名词family members and friends作宾语，应用介词including。故填including。2valuable考查形容词。句意：虽然许多你信任的亲戚和同龄人可能有非常有

37、价值的建议，它可以帮助你做决定，但是最终的选择要你自己做出，也只能靠你自己做出。修饰后文名词advice，作定语，应用形容词valuable。故填valuable。3satisfied考查形容词。句意：只有你才能充分意识到大学哪些方面会让你真正感到快乐和满足，所以要把这一点放在心上。此处为“make宾语宾补”结构，此处修饰人应用ed结尾形容词satisfied，作宾补。故填satisfied。4to let考查非谓语动词。句意：在你做决定的早期阶段，把一所特定的学校作为首选是很容易的，它甚至可能成为你的最佳选择但一定要仔细评估每一所录取你的学校，因为你申请每一所学校都有特定的理由。此处为“it

38、 beadj.to do sth.”句型，it作形式主语，不定式为真正主语。故填to let。5during考查介词。句意：在你做决定的早期阶段，把一所特定的学校作为首选是很容易的，它甚至可能成为你的最佳选择但一定要仔细评估每一所录取你的学校，因为你申请每一所学校都有特定的理由。结合语境表示“在期间”可知应用during。故填during。6that考查定语从句。句意：在你做决定的早期阶段，把一所特定的学校作为首选是很容易的，它甚至可能成为你的最佳选择但一定要仔细评估每一所录取你的学校，因为你申请每一所学校都有特定的理由。此处为定语从句修饰先行词school，先行词在从句中作主语，指物，且由e

39、very修饰，只能用关系代词that引导。故填that。7an考查冠词。句意：一定要保持开放的心态。结合句意表示“保持开放心态”短语为keep an open mind。故填an。8specifically考查副词。句意：不要专门为了一段高中恋情或者让别人开心而去一所学校上学。修饰后文介词短语for a high school relationship，应用副词specifically，作状语。故填specifically。9or考查连词。句意：不要专门为了一段高中恋情或者让别人开心而去一所学校上学。否定句中，表示“或者”应用连词or。故填or。10students考查名词所有格。句意：一个学生的大学经历是他或她自己的，学生必须把他或她的教育放在首位。此处student与后文college experience构成所属关系，结合后文“his or her own”可知指一个学生的大学经历，故应用有生命的名词所有格形式students。故填students。