2022版高考英语外研版一轮复习学案：必修5 MODULE 1　BRITISH AND AMERICAN ENGLISH WORD版含解析.doc

1、 Module 1British and American English(主题语境：人与自我生活与学习)基础知识全面回顾JI CHU ZHI SHI QUAN MIAN HUI GU 单词分类巧记阅读词汇认读1accent n_口音_2queue v._排队(等候)_3remark n._评论；讲话_4distinctive adj._与众不同的_5standard adj._标准的_核心词汇识记1_compare_vt.比较2_present_vt.陈述；提出(观点、计划等)3_attempt_n努力；尝试4_obvious_adj.显然的；显而易见的_obviously_adv.显然地5

2、_confusing_adj.令人困惑的；难懂的_confuse_v.使困惑；使迷惑不解_confused_adj.困惑的；不解的_confusion_n.困惑；混乱6_variety_n.种类_various_adj.各种各样的_vary_v.改变；变化7_differ_vi.不同；有区别_difference_n.区别；差异_different_adj.不同的_differently_adv.不同地8_settler_n.移民；定居者_settle_v.定居；解决_settlement_n.解决；定居9_announcement_n.声明；宣告_announce_v.声明；宣告10_add

3、_vt.加；增加_addition_n.增加11_combination_n.组合；结合_combine_vt.结合12_reference_n.参考；查阅_refer_v.查阅；提到；涉及用所给词的适当形式填空1The heavy snow _added_ to our difficulty.In _addition_，it made us upset.(add)2We were impressed with a wide _variety_ of plants in the garden，whose flowers were _various_，and their heights _var

4、ied_ from 10 cm to 15 cm.(vary)3While learning English，you need to _refer_ to some _reference_ books.(reference)4The _confusing_ online word made the old man _confused_ so he was in _confusion_.(confuse)5From the appearance，we can not tell the _differences_ between the twins，though they always have

5、some _different_ ideas. As for this phenomenon，ideas _differ_ among many people.(differ) 短语互译速记1有共同之处_have.in common_2有影响；使不相同_make a difference_3四处走动(旅行)_get around_4与相似_be similar to_5做某事有困难_have difficulty (in) doing sth._6lead to_引起；导致_7in favour of_同意；支持_8refer to.as._称为_9thanks to_幸亏；多亏_10pick

6、 up_学会；拾起；收听(广播)；接人_选用上述短语填空1Helping others as often as possible will _make a difference_ in the world.2Staring at the computer screen for a long time will _lead to_ your eye pain.3Tom likes travelling so he often _gets around_ all over the world.4Though China and America have a lot of differences，t

7、hey also _have_ something _in common_.5_Thanks to_ the teachers help，I have made rapid progress.6Some people are _in favour of _building a swimming pool for children，while others are against it.1“-ist”表“家”词汇搜索(1)linguist n语言学家(2)scientist n科学家(3)physicist n物理学家(4)artist n艺术家(5)pianist n钢琴家(6)violini

8、st n小提琴家2“后缀-ify”动词小结(1)simplify 简化(2)identify 确定；识别(3)beautify 美化(4)purify 净化(5)terrify 使害怕3“航天”家族(1)satellite n卫星(2)capsule n太空舱(3)rocket n火箭(4)shuttle n航天飞机(5)astronaut n航天员4“inn.of”短语聚焦(1)in favour of支持；赞成(2)in honour of为了纪念(3)in memory of为了纪念(4)in charge of掌管(5)in need of需要(6)in search of搜寻(7)i

9、n possession of拥有5“做某事有困难”一览(1)have difficulty (in) doing sth.(2)have trouble (in) doing sth.(3)have problems (in) doing sth.(4)have a hard time (in) doing sth. 佳句精析精练1Americans use a flashlight，while for the British，its a torch.美国人把手电筒称为flashlight，而英国人叫它torch。精析while此处表示转折对比，意为“而；然而”。2A Londoner ha

10、s more difficulty understanding a Scotsman from Glasgow than understanding a New Yorker.伦敦人要听懂来自格拉斯哥的苏格兰人说话比听懂纽约人说话更难。精析have difficulty (in) doing sth.“做某事有困难”。3However，if you turn on CNN，the American TV network，you will find newsreaders and weather forecasters all speaking with different accents.然而

11、，如果你打开美国电视网络节目CNN，你会发现新闻播报员和天气预报员操着不同的口音。精析“find宾语宾补”，意为“发现处于某种状态”。句式仿写根据上述句式完成句子1这首诗对中学生来说很容易，而对于小学生来说就很难理解。The poem is easy for a middle school student_while it is difficult for a pupil to understand_.2其一，在英语口语方面我已经很流利，我与他们交流没有问题。For one thing，I have developed fluency in spoken English. I_have no

12、difficulty communicating_ with them.3一到大门口，这位著名的演员发现他被很多记者包围住了。Arriving at the gate，the famous actor _found himself surrounded by a number of journalists_. 单元语法过关复习动词时态(一般现在时，现在进行时，现在完成时，将来时)1Hurry up！Mark and Carol _are expecting_(expect) us.解析句意：快点儿！马克和卡罗尔正在等我们呢。根据“Hurry up！”可知，此处描述正在发生或存在的动作或状态，所

13、以用现在进行时。2Have you heard about the recent election?Sure，it _has been_(be) the only thing on the news for the last three days.解析句意：你听说过近期的选举吗？当然了，它是近三天来新闻中唯一的事情了。由下句中的“for the last three days”知，该句用现在完成时。3Around two oclock every night，Sue will start talking in her dream.It somewhat _bothers_(bother) us

14、.解析句意：每晚上两点左右，Sue就说梦话。这使我们有点烦心。由every night可知，这是一个经常性的情况，故用一般现在时形式。4Do you think Mom and Dad _will be_ (be) late?No.Swiss Air is usually on time.解析句意：你认为爸爸和妈妈会晚到吗？不会的，瑞士航空一向准时。本题考查动词的时态。根据句意可知，爸爸和妈妈的飞机还未到，因此空格处为一般将来时态。5During the last three decades，the number of people participating in physical fitn

15、ess programs _has increased_(increase) sharply.解析根据本句中的时间状语during the last three decades(在过去的三十年间)，可知要用现在完成时态。考点探究素养演练KAO DIAN TAN JIU SU YANG YAN LIAN高频单词1confusing adj.令人迷惑的；难懂的激活知识 用confuse的适当形式填空(2019江苏高考)In one week he was the _confused_ (confuse) owner of a cone five hundred feet high.Weve got

16、 two people called Paul James working here，so its a bit _confusing_!His _confused_ expression suggests that he gets confused by this _confusing_ problem.导图助记注意：一般而言，以-ing结尾的形容词一般修饰事物，意为“令人的”；以-ed结尾的形容词修饰人，意为“(人)感到的”。但look/expression“表情”有时可用-ed结尾的形容词修饰，如a confused expression“迷惑的表情”。能力提升 句式升级He was co

17、nfused with the present situation so he didnt know what to do next._Confused with the present situation_，he didnt know what to do next.(过去分词短语作原因状语)2compare v比较；匹敌；比喻；相比 n比较激活知识 语法填空(2019全国卷)The first unique human characteristic is that humans have extraordinarily large brains _compared_ (compare) w

18、ith other animals.(2018江苏高考)As their world expanded，she said，children compared themselves _to/with_ others online in a way._Comparing_(compare) this with that，you will see which is better.归纳拓展compare.with/to.把和相比较compare.to.把比作compared with/to.和相比(通常作状语)compare notes交换意见beyond/without compare无与伦比图解助

19、记比较compare能力提升 句式升级If you compare her work with his work，youll find hers is much better._Compared to/with his work_，youll find her work is much better.(过去分词短语作状语)_Comparing her work with his work_，youll find hers is much better.(现在分词短语作状语)_Compare her work with his work，and youll find hers is much b

20、etter_.(祈使句and陈述句)3differ vi. 不同；有区别；相异；意见不同激活知识 语法填空(2020天津高考) I have decided that two qualities make the _difference_ (differ) between men of great achievement and men of average performance curiosity and discontent. (2020江苏高考)Multiple genes behaved _differently_ (differ)，depending on whether some

21、one had eaten or not before walking.(2019浙江高考)Even though there is a common spirit among all music groups，they make very _different_ (differ) music.(2019江苏高考)Despite their many _differences_ (differ)，all human beings share several defining characteristics.These clothes look the same but they differ

22、greatly _in_ materials.People greatly differ _in_ their views of life _from_ each other.导图助记注意：(1)difference一般为可数名词，单复数的使用视情况而定。但在make a/no/some.difference短语中，difference常用单数形式。(2)“对有/无影响”后接介词to。能力提升 一句多译英式英语和美式英语在很多方面有着不同。British English is _different from_ American English in many ways.British Engl

23、ish _differs from_ American English in many ways.British English and American English _differ_ in many ways.There are _differences between_ British English _and_ American English.4present vt. 展示；提出(观点、计划等)；赠送；颁发adj.出席的；在场的；现在的n礼物；赠品；现在激活知识 观察句子，写出下面黑体部分的含义(2020全国卷)And it is good time to fill the new

24、 space with love and hopeful presents. (_礼物_)(2020全国卷)One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait done so he called all great artists to come and present their finest work.(_展示_)(2019全国卷)At present，these technologies are still expensive，though.(_现在_)(2018北京高考)The coming technological advancement

25、presents a chance for cities and states to develop transportation systems designed to move more people，and more affordably.(_送给_)Guest speakers will also present prizes to the students.(_ 颁发_)How many people were present at the meeting？(_出席的_)归纳拓展(1)present n礼物(gift)(2)present adj.现在的；目前的(作前置定语)；出席的

26、；在场的(作后置定语)be present at.出席at the present timeat present目前；现在for the present目前；暂时up to the present直到现在(3)present vt.present sb. with sth.present sth.to sb.把某物赠送给某人图解助记能力提升 完成句子All the people _present at_ yesterdays meeting _were presented with_ a _nice present_.What a pity that you were _absent_ fro

27、m it！Besides，_your presence or absence_ had an important effect on us.出席昨天会议的所有人都被赠送了精美礼物。你缺席了，多么遗憾啊！另外，你出席还是缺席对我们有重大影响。5attempt n努力；尝试；企图vt.试图；企图激活知识 语法填空(2020浙江高考)People made the first real attempt _to control_ (control) the world they lived in through agriculture.Jim had prepared carefully for hi

28、s physics test so that he could be sure of passing it _at_ the first attempt.The man is being questioned about the _attempted_(attempt)murder last night.归纳拓展试图做某事at ones first attempt某人第一次尝试attempted adj.未遂的能力提升 句型转换The boy attempted to jump over the fences.The boy attempted _at jumping_ over the fe

29、nces.男孩企图跳过篱笆。He attempted at passing the exam，but he failed in the end.He _made an attempt_ at passing the exam，but he failed in the end.他努力要通过考试，但是最终失败了。常考短语6have.in common有相同的特点激活知识 语法填空Although they are good friends，they have little _in_ common with each other.In common _with_ other classrooms，o

30、ur classroom is very tidy.归纳拓展have a lot/much/a great deal in common with与有很多共同之处have nothing/little in common with与没有/很少有共同之处in common with与一样common sense常识能力提升 完成句子(2017全国卷)They had _nothing in common with_ me.他们与我毫无共同之处。_In common with_ most boys，he enjoys playing football.和大多数男孩一样，他喜欢踢足球。7have d

31、ifficulty (in) doing sth.做某事有困难激活知识 语法填空(北京高考)She had more difficulty _keeping_(keep)focused.Such a person has great _difficulty_(difficult)in waking up in the mornings.Whenever we have trouble _with_ our studies，our teachers help us patiently.归纳拓展“做某事(没)有困难”的其他表达方式：have (no)difficulty/trouble with

32、sth.have(no) trouble/problems(in) doing sth.Theres(no) difficulty/trouble(in) doing sth./with sth.have a hard time (in)doing sth.注意：此短语在设题时经常将have difficulty(in) doing sth.中的difficulty提前作先行词，因此定语从句中have后常为doing形式。能力提升 句式升级Almost all the students finished the writing project with no difficulty.Almost

33、 all the students _had no difficulty in finishing_ the writing project. (用have difficulty in doing结构)8lead to引起；导致；通往激活知识 语法填空 (2020江苏高考)Their lack of exercise led _to_ overweight.As far as I know，it was the car accident due to drunk driving that led to his _being killed_(kill)I want to know what le

34、d you _to take_(take)up acting as a career.归纳拓展lead sb.ton.带领某人去往；使某人得出(观点)lead sb.to do sth.使得某人做某事lead a.life过着的生活lead the way引路；带路注意：lead to 中的to为介词，后接名词、代词或v.-ing形式。能力提升 用lead的短语完成片断With him _leading the way_(带路)，we got there without any difficulty. But for him，we would have been lost，which woul

35、d _lead to_ serious consequences. His action_led us to believe_ (使我们相信) that he was our true friend.必备句型9By the 1850s it was selling one million copies a year，making it one of the most popular school books ever.到19世纪50年代为止，该书以每年一百万册的速度销售，成为有史以来最受欢迎的学校用书之一。激活知识 语法填空(2018全国卷)An avalanche once closed t

36、he path，_killing_ (kill) 63 people.(江苏高考)It brings several advantages，_influencing_(influence)people actively.Yesterday a street-beggar bought a lottery ticket，only _to make_(make) him a millionaire overnight.归纳拓展(1)动词的-ing形式作结果状语，表示一种自然而然的结果。(2)常置于句尾，其前用逗号隔开。易混辨析 动词的-ing形式作结果状语表示正常出现的、自然而然的或意料之中的结果

37、不定式作结果状语表示偶然的、出乎意料的结果，前面可加only能力提升 完成句子The fire lasted nearly a month，_leaving nothing valuable_.大火持续了将近一个月，没留下什么值钱的东西。He works hard，_making him the best student_ in the class.他努力学习，成了班里最好的学生。课堂达标巩固提升KE TANG DA BIAO GONG GU TI SHENG.单句语法填空1. I read the _announcement _(announce) of the summer camp th

38、at you have posted on the Internet and I am very interested in it.2_Obviously_ (obvious)，without the help of the whole society，there would be no new school today.3We should put aside our differences and discuss the things we have _in_ common.4The customers made a number of rude _remarks_(remark) abo

39、ut the goods on sale.5The _combination_ (combine) of blue and yellow forms green.6. Questioning can lead to _searching_ (search) for an answer.7_Compared_ (compare) with the escaped driver，I am proud of what I did.8The _confused_ (confuse) look on Toms face suggested that he didnt quite understand h

40、is managers idea.9Dont expect to pass the driving test_at_ your first attempt. After all，youve been learning to drive for only a couple of days.10The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks，_adding_ (add) that he enjoyed his stay here.单句改错1If you are still confusing about the top

41、ic，ask your teacher for help._confusingconfused_2In my opinion，your problems are similar with his._withto_3Everyone in this city knew him，so we had no difficulty find his house._findfinding_4It makes no differences to me whether their team can win the game or not._differencesdifference_5Id like to s

42、tudy law at university，when my cousin prefers geography._whenwhile_6The expert says that the exports are steady increasing year by year._steadysteadily_7He has worn glasses for his childhood._forsince_8Senior ministers spoke in favour the proposal._favour后加of_9It rained heavily in the south，caused s

43、erious flooding in several provinces._causedcausing_10Comparing with the former candidate，the latter is more fluent in oral English._ComparingCompared_.教材衔接高考根据课文内容，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。British and American English are different _1.in_ many ways.The first and most obvious way is in the vocab

44、ulary.There are hundreds of different words _2.which/that_ are not used on the other side of the Atlantic.For example，Americans use automobiles，freeways，gas，cabs and subways _3.while_ the British use cars，motorways，petrol，taxis and underground.Besides，sometimes _4.the_ same word used by Americans an

45、d the British has a slightly different meaning，which can be _5.confusing_(confuse)There are a few _6.differences_ (differ) in grammar，too.In addition，the two varieties differ in spelling and pronunciation.American spelling seems _7.simpler_ (simple)：center，color and program instead of centre，colour

46、and programme.Many factors have influenced American pronunciation since the first settlers arrived four hundred years ago.But a Londoner doesnt have much difficulty _8.understanding_(understand) a New Yorker.The two varieties are moving closer.For more than a century，communications across the Atlant

47、ic have developed _9.steadily_ (steady)，which has led to lots of American words and structures _10.passing_ (pass) into British English.So，dont worry.Users of English will all be able to understand each otherwherever they are.话题延伸写作写作素材(关于英式英语和美式英语)1英式英语和美式英语有很多相似之处，比如：它们在书写上相似。2但是很明显它们在很多方面也存在差异。3美

48、国人喜欢四处走动，这产生了很大的影响。4当美国人和英国人交谈时，他们有时候也会感到困惑，很难理解对方。5一般来说，我们在报纸上所看到的正式英语被称为标准英语。提示： 黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用定语从句，that引导的主语从句。连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇70词左右的英语短文)_参考范文_British English and American English have much in common. For example，they are similar to each other in writing. But it is obvious that they differ in

49、many ways.Americans like to get around，which has made a great difference to it. So when Americans talk with the British，they sometimes get confused and have difficulty(in) understanding each other. Generally speaking， the formal English that we often see in newspapers is referred to as Standard English._