江苏省南京市第二十九中2020-2021学年高二英语上学期十二月调研试题（含解析）.doc

1、江苏省南京市第二十九中2020-2021学年高二英语上学期十二月调研试题（含解析）（时间：120分钟 总分：150分）第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt？A.19.15. B.9.18. C.9.15. 答案是C。1. What is the man planning to do?A. Make some ch

2、eese. B. Go on a trip. C. Find a job in Paris.2. What is the time now?A. 8 oclock. B. 10 oclock. C. 12 oclock.3 What are the speakers talking about?A. A local artist. B. The mans salary. C. An apartment to let.4. How does Dr. Heath spend most of his time?A. Giving lectures. B. Conducting research. C

3、. Doing office work.5. Why does Elaine call Peter?A. To borrow his notes. B. To explain her absence.C. To discuss the presentation.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分；满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7题。6. What

4、is Julia doing?A. Asking about her order.B. Reporting a computer problem.C Confirming a visit to a company.7. When will the chairs arrive today?A. At about 10 am. B. Around 12 noon. C. By 4 pm.听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10题。8. What is the conversation mainly about?A. Course design. B. Course registration. C. Cou

5、rse evaluation.9. What course did the woman choose?A. International Trade. B. Modern History. C. Chemistry.10. What will Jack do to take mathematics?A. Wait for an opening. B. Apply to the department.C. Speak to Professor Anderson.听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13题。11. Where does the conversation probably take plac

6、e?A. In a shop. B. In a canteen. C. In an office.12. What bothers the woman?A. Her computer is down. B. Her paper is missing. C. Her hand is aching.13. When is the womans report due?A. Wednesday. B. Friday. C. Next Monday.听下面一段对话，回答第14至第17题。14. What is the man doing?A. Writing a book. B. Preparing a

7、 lecture. C. Searching for references.15. What does the woman suggest the man do?A. Make his topic more specific.B. Get a complete reading list.C. Read at least six books.16. What is the man going to focus on?A. Hollywood in the 1920s.B. 20th-century Hollywood movies.C. Golden Age Hollywood comedies

8、.17. What is the relationship between the speakers?A. Student and teacher.B. Reader and librarian.C. Customer and shop assistant.听下面一段独白，回答第18至20题。18. What will the weather be like in high places this evening?A. Therell be showers. B. Therell be heavy mist. C. Therell be strong winds.19. How will th

9、e day start in coastal areas tomorrow?A. Cloudy. B. Rainy. C. Sunny.20. When can holiday makers expect good weather?A. This weekend. B. End of this month. C. Next month.第二部 阅读理解 (共两节，满分50分)第一节 (共15题; 每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AIreland: Beauty and a Long History o

10、f SeparationIreland is home to ancient kings and chiefs, giants and fairies. For years it has existed as two Irelands, and Brexit could worsen that division. Discover the lively cities of Dublin and Belfast, and taste pints, drink a whiskey or eat fresh oysters(牡蛎).Journey HighlightsMeet storyteller

11、s and experts for insight into the true story of Irelands history.Get the full taste of Ireland, experiencing seaweed, oysters and whiskey.Swiss Family Adventure: An Active Journey Through the Alps.The Swiss Alps are the perfect family playground, providing a fun and relaxing summer place for all ag

12、es. Towering peaks, rushing waterfalls and peaceful meadows bursting with wildflowers provide the calm backdrop for a variety of active programs. This eight-day program is suited to anyone with a sense of adventure, and especially for families with children ages 7 to 14.Journey HighlightsExplore the

13、 heart-beating First Cliff Walk in Grindelwald.Cruise Lake Thun to the town of Spiez. Explore the castle here where children can become “Knights in Training.Climate Change in New Orleans: A meeting and observationThe effect of climate change and extreme weather is all too noticeable in the disastrou

14、s changes that are happening along the Louisiana Gulf Coast. Spend four days in New Orleans exposed to the issues around global climate change and its effects on human health, and natural ecosystems.Journey HighlightsTake a special tour of the levee system on the Mississippi River surrounding New Or

15、leans to see its importance in protecting the area.Learn how climate change affects New Orleans and the Gulf region from scientists.Active Argentina and PatagoniaArgentina is the active adventurers dream destination. From cathedral-like peaks to icy glaciers, this active, multisport route invites yo

16、u to explore the Lake District, hike in view of the Fitz Roy Massif, sail to glaciers and ride horses.Journey HighlightsGo kayaking on Lago Gutierrez and hike to surprising lakes in Nahuel Huapi National Park.Cruise by boating to the face of the Perito Moreno Glacier.Visit a working ranch for a clos

17、er look at farmer life.1. Which activity will make you feel thrilled?A. Visiting a working ranch in Argentina.B. Walking on the bank of the Mississippi River.C. Listening to the true storyD. Exploring First Cliff Walk in Grindelwald2. Who is suitable for the journey to New Orleans?A. Historians.B. A

18、dventurersC. SailorsD. Environmentalists3. Where should visitors go if they want to explore the Lake District?A. In Swiss.B. In Argentina.C. In Ireland.D. In New Orleans.【答案】1. D 2. D 3. B【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几个著名的旅游线路，以及可以欣赏到的独特风景等情况。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二部分“Swiss Family Adventure: An Active Journey Thro

19、ugh the Alps.”提到的“Explore the heart-beating First Cliff Walk in Grindelwald.”（在格林德瓦尔德探索心跳加速的First Cliff Walk。）可知，探索First Cliff Walk in Grindelwald.可让人心跳加快，让人兴奋异常。故选D项。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据第三部分“Climate Change in New Orleans: A meeting and observation”中提及的“The effect of climate change and extreme weather is

20、all too noticeable in the disastrous changes that are happening along the Louisiana Gulf Coast. Spend four days in New Orleans exposed to the issues around global climate change and its effects on human health, and natural ecosystems.”（气候变化和极端天气的影响在路易斯安那海湾沿岸发生的灾难性变化中尤为明显。在新奥尔良呆四天，了解全球气候变化及其对人类健康和自然生

21、态系统的影响。）可知，本段的信息主要涉及气候变化的影响,因此对于环保主义者来说，是适合的。故选D项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四部分“Active Argentina and Patagonia”中提及的“From cathedral-like peaks to icy glaciers, this active, multisport route invites you to explore the Lake District”（从大教堂般的山峰到冰冷的冰川，这个活跃的，多运动的路线邀请你探索湖区。）可知，在阿根廷可以探索到湖区。故选B项。BOne of the costs of b

22、eing a lover of old trees is the all-too-frequent loss of a beautiful soul youve grown fond of.Last summer was harder than most for old trees and their human supporters.The springs nonstop rains flooded soils and caused root systems of many large,old trees to rot in part.Then,when the summer came,tr

23、ees could not tap deep sources of water that would normally have maintained(维持）them.Many valuable old trees died.When I volunteered on the Mount Rainier Tree Commission,I heard from many people concerned about their trees.We had little to offer them.Thats because public and private urban tree resour

24、ces and programs were aimed almost entirely at planting trees and not at all maintaining trees.No state or province program that I could find provided any financial resources for maintaining tree health. Small and under resourced cities such as ours were on their own.This is backward.Scientists are

25、learning that large,old trees are the most valuable,especially in cities.They put on wood fastest and take the most carbon out of the air. They harbor the most wildlife.They can lower summer temperatures by 20 degrees or more.In a recent study,researchers found that Boston would get more benefit fro

26、m keeping the trees it has alive than from planting new trees.Theres reason to think this finding would apply in other cities,too.Now,our public and private tree programs often ignore old trees until it is too late.As long as we abandon our old trees,planting more is merely to keep pace with growing

27、 losses. We want trees to help protect us,but we leave them unprotected.Consider this in the human world:Nobody would send a baby into the world and expect it to just make it. Children need caring for and its why we have schools and child health-insurance programs.We could get so much more out of ou

28、r trees if we just put a little more into them.4. What does the underlined part in paragraph1 suggest?A Strong determination to plant trees.B. Real regret at growing old trees.C. Great concern about tree problems.D. Deep love for valuable old trees.5. Why was the author almost powerless to help peop

29、le worried about their trees?A. The urban tree programs were faced with financial problems.B. The authors knowledge of maintaining tree health was limited.C. The focus of the tree resources and programs was on tree planting.D. The organization the author volunteered on was short of tree experts.6. T

30、he author argues in paragraph 3 by.A. comparing different casesB. presenting research findingsC. referring to scientists sayingsD. carrying out some experiments7. Why does the author give the example of nursing babies in the end?A. To stress the importance of tree insurance programs.B. To show the c

31、lose connection between trees and babies.C. To advocate protecting trees as humans care for babies.D. To persuade human beings to pay more attention to babies.【答案】4. D 5. C 6. B 7. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。通过对一些古树死去，大树能够提供人们的资源的描述，来提倡我们要保护树木，才能从树木身上获取更多的益处。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段Last summer was harder than m

32、ost for old trees and their human supporters. Many valuable old trees died. 去年夏天对于古树和它们的人类支持者来说比以往任何时候都艰难。春季不间断的雨水淹没了土壤，导致许多大型古树根系部分腐烂。然后，当夏天到来时，树木就不能从深层的水源中获取水分，而这些水分通常可以维持它们的生长。许多珍贵的古树死了。对于古树和人类支持者来说都很艰难，因为他们失去了他们喜爱的古树。由此可以推断第一句主要描述的是古树爱好者对古树的爱，故选D。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段When I volunteered on the Mount

33、Rainier Tree Commission, I heard from many people concerned about their trees. We had little to offer them. Thats because public and private urban tree resources and programs were aimed almost entirely at planting trees and not at all maintaining trees.当我在雷尼尔山树木委员会做志愿者时，我听到许多人关心他们的树木。我们几乎没有什么可以提供给他们

34、。这是因为公共和私人城市树木资源和项目几乎完全是为了种树，而不是维护树木。由此可知作者无力帮助担心树木的人们，是因为树木资源和计划的重点是植树。故选C。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段In a recent study, researchers found that Boston would get more benefit from keeping the trees it has alive than from planting new trees. Theres reason to think this finding would apply in other cities, to

35、o. 在最近的一项研究中，研究人员发现，波士顿从保持现有树木存活中获得的好处要比种植新的树木多。我们有理由认为，这一发现也适用于其他城市。由此判断出本段是通过提出调查结果来进行论证的。故选B。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段Consider this in the human world: Nobody would send a baby into the world and expect it to just make it. Children need caring for and its why we have schools and child health-insurance p

36、rograms. We could get so much more out of our trees if we just put a little more into them. 想想人类世界的情况吧：没有人会把一个婴儿送到这个世界上，然后指望他能活下来。孩子们需要照顾，这就是为什么我们有学校和儿童健康保险计划。我们可以从我们的树木中得到更多，如果我们只是多关心他们一点。由此比喻可以推断作者是在呼吁人们要关心和保护树木。故选C。【点睛】推理判断题的推断对象主要包括隐含意思、目标读者、观点态度、文章出处、写作意图等。以推断隐含意义的题目居多。推断隐含意义，即要求根据文章的某个句子、段落或全文

37、所提供的事实进行逻辑推理，推断出作者没有提到、没有明说或者可能发生的事实。题干中常含infer（推断），suggest（暗示），imply（暗示），indicate（暗示），conclude（推断，得出结论）等词语。解此类题，首先找到相关信息，然后细读、理解相关信息的字面意义，最后结合语境和常识，在字面意义的基础上进行符合逻辑的推断，从而理解作者的言外之意。如小题1，根据第一段Last summer was harder than most for old trees and their human supporters. Many valuable old trees died. 去年夏天对

38、于古树和它们的人类支持者来说比以往任何时候都艰难。春季不间断的雨水淹没了土壤，导致许多大型古树根系部分腐烂。然后，当夏天到来时，树木就不能从深层的水源中获取水分，而这些水分通常可以维持它们的生长。许多珍贵的古树死了。对于古树和人类支持者来说都很艰难，因为他们失去了他们喜爱的古树。由此可以推断第一句主要描述的是古树爱好者对古树的爱，故选D。CWhat makes you cry? Being moved by a sad movie, waving a loved one off, or getting emotional after splitting up with your partner

39、 can all cause tears to roll down our faces. We all have the power to cry, but is that a good thing?When you think about it, shedding(流) tears from your eyes is a strange thing to do. But it seems to be an automatic(无意识的) reaction when we get sad, upset or even when were very happy. What causes this

40、 reaction differs from person to person. However, the feeling is the same your cheeks puff up(鼓起), your eyes tighten and before you know it, tears are streaming down your face. Some of us may sniffle a little while others might cry like a baby and some people suggest that its women who cry more than

41、 men.A study in the UK in 2017 found that women admitted that they cry 72 times a year. This was, on average, more than men. Writing for the BBC, Adam Rutherford says “According to pretty much every study done, women do cry more than men, and this result has been consistent since weve been looking.”

42、 But does this mean men dont get as upset or emotional as women, or are they just more embarrassed about showing their true feelings? The debate continues.One place where we experience emotional and tearful outbursts is in the workplace. This can be somewhere where emotions run high someone might be

43、 stressed, their workload might be too much, and, as therapist, Joanna Cross said, “crying is often a build-up of frustration and undealt-with situations and its a bit of a final straw moment.” She describes how someone might start weeping when theyre just asked to make a cup of tea because, “actual

44、ly thats often a backlog(积压) of situations.”But crying in the office or elsewhere can be beneficial: it can actually make you feel better. Maybe it dissolves or clears the negative or sad feelings youve had. Crying your eyes out shows others how you feel, so perhaps its a crying shame that more of u

45、s, particularly men, dont cry more often.8. What can we infer from the second paragraph?A. Babies cry most without good reasons.B. People cry for the same reasons.C. Being happy can cause you to cry a lot.D. It is natural for people to cry actually.9. What has remained argument among researchers?A.

46、What causes men to cry less.B. Why someone cries like a baby.C. Who is easy to get emotional.D. How embarrassing crying is.10. What does the underlined phrase “a final straw moment” mean?A. When one cant tolerate the stress.B. When one finally finishes his work.C. When one does work at a final momen

47、t.D. When one gets bored at work.11. What does the writer think of our not crying?A. It is a sign of our strong character.B. It is a symbol of our emotion.C. It is a kind of pity.D. It is a way of us hiding our feelings.【答案】8. D 9. A 10. A 11. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文讨论眼泪的力量和哭泣的好处。【详解】1.推理判断题。根据第二段的“But

48、it seems to be an automatic reaction when we get sad, upset or even when were very happy.”可知，但当我们感到悲伤、不安甚至是非常高兴的时候，这似乎是一种自动的反应。说明哭泣是一种自然的现象。故选D。2.细节理解题。根据第三段的“But does this mean men dont get as upset or emotional as women, or are they just more embarrassed about showing their true feelings? The deba

49、te continues.”可知，但男人并不是不会像女人那样心烦意乱或情绪化，或许他们只是在表达自己的真实感受时更尴尬。故选A。3.短语猜测题。根据画线词前面的“Crying is often a build-up of frustration and undealt-with situations”可知，哭泣通常是挫折感的累积，是对情况的不适应，因此哭泣是最后无法忍受压力的反应，故选A。4.推理判断题。根据最后一段“perhaps its a crying shame that more of us, particularly men, dont cry more often”可知，也许我们

50、中的更多人，尤其是男人，不经常哭泣是一种遗憾。故选C。DFranz Kafka wrote that “a book must be the ax for the frozen sea inside us.” I once shared this sentence with a class of seventh graders, and it didnt seem to require any explanation.Wed just finished John Steinbecks novel Of Mice and Men. When we read the end together ou

51、t loud in class, my toughest boy, a star basketball player, wept a little, and so did I. “Are you crying?” one girl asked, as she got out of her chair to take a closer look. “I am,” I told her, “and the funny thing is Ive read it many times.”But they understood. When George shoots Lennie, the traged

52、y is that we realize it was always going to happen. In my 14 years of teaching in a New York City public middle school, Ive taught kids with imprisoned parents, abusive parents, irresponsible parents; kids who are parents themselves; kids who are homeless; kids who grew up in violent neighborhoods.

53、They understand, more than I ever will, the novels terrible logicthe giving way of dreams to fate.For the last seven years, I have worked as a reading enrichment teacher, reading classic works of literature with small groups of students from grades six to eight. I originally proposed this idea to my

54、 headmaster after learning that a former excellent student of mine had transferred out of a selective high schoolone that often attracts the literary-minded children of Manhattans upper classesinto a less competitive setting. The daughter of immigrants, with a father in prison, she perhaps felt unco

55、mfortable with her new classmates. I thought additional “cultural capital” could help students like her develop better in high school, where they would unavoidably meet, perhaps for the first time, students who came from homes lined with bookshelves, whose parents had earned Ph. D.s.Along with Of Mi

56、ce and Men, my groups read: Sounder, The Red Pony, Lord of the Flies, Romeo and Juliet and Macbeth. The students didnt always read from the expected point of view. About The Red Pony, one student said, “its about being a man, its about manliness.” I had never before seen the parallels between Scarfa

57、ce and Macbeth, nor had I heard Lady Macbeths soliloquies (独白) read as raps, but both made sense; the interpretations were playful, but serious. Once introduced to Steinbecks writing, one boy went on to read The Grapes of Wrath and told me repeatedly how amazing it was that “all these people hate ea

58、ch other, and theyre all white.” His historical view was broadening, his sense of his own country deepening. Year after year, former students visited and told me how prepared they had felt in their first year in college as a result of the classes.Year after year, however, we are increasing the numbe

59、r of practice tests. We are trying to teach students to read increasingly complex texts, not for emotional punch (碰撞) but for text complexity. Yet, we cannot enrich the minds of our students by testing them on texts that ignore their hearts. We are teaching them that words do not amaze but confuse.

60、We may succeed in raising test scores, but we will fail to teach them that reading can be transformative and that it belongs to them.12. The underlined words in Paragraph 1 probably mean that a book helps to _.A. realize our dreamsB. give support to our lifeC. awake our emotionsD. smooth away diffic

61、ulties13. Why were the students able to understand the novel Of Mice and Men?A. Because they spent much time reading it.B. Because they had similar life experiences.C. Because they came from a public school.D. Because they had read the novel before.14. The girl left the selective high school possibl

62、y because_.A. she was a literary-minded girlB. her parents were immigrantsC. her father was then in prisonD. she couldnt fit in with her class15. The author writes the passage mainly to_.A. advocate teaching literature to touch the heartB. introduce classic works of literatureC. argue for equality a

63、mong high school studentsD. defend the current testing system【答案】12. C 13. B 14. D 15. A【解析】本文为夹议夹叙类文章。在文章中，作者分享了自己的阅读教学经验，认为学生有着自己对书本的理解，提倡文学教学要触动心灵，而不是为了应付考试。【12题详解】句意猜测题。阅读全文可知，作者写这篇文章是提倡文学教学要触动心灵，而不是为了应付考试。以及根据第一段下划线句子“a book must be the ax for the frozen sea inside us.（一本书必须是斧子，用来劈开我们内心冰冷的大海。）”

64、可知，该句表达的意思是一本书可以帮助唤醒我们的情感。故选C项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“When we read the end together out loud in class, my toughest boy, a star basketball player, wept a little（当我们在课堂上一起大声朗读结局时，我们班最坚强的男孩，一位篮球明星，流下了眼泪）”可知，最坚强的男孩与故事有着相似的经历，感同身受，流下了眼泪；由此可推测，其他同学也有相同经历，能够理解这本小说。故选B项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“a selective high schoo

65、lone that often attracts the literary-minded children of Manhattans upper classes.（这所高中经常吸引曼哈顿上层阶级有文学头脑的孩子）”以及下文“The daughter of immigrants, with a father in prison, she perhaps felt uncomfortable with her new classmates.（她是移民的女儿，父亲入狱，她可能觉得和新同学在一起很不舒服。）”可知，女孩可能觉得自己的家庭跟同学家庭之间有很大差距，与同学们相处不舒服，无法融入班级。故选

66、D项。【15题详解】目的意图题。根据最后一段“We are trying to teach students to read increasingly complex texts, not for emotional punch but for text complexity. Yet, we cannot enrich the minds of our students by testing them on texts that ignore their hearts. （我们正试图教学生阅读日益复杂的课文,不为情感的碰撞，而为了研究复杂的课文。然而，我们不能通过忽略学生内心的测试来丰富他们

67、的思想） ”以及“We may succeed in raising test scores, but we will fail to teach them that reading can be transformative and that it belongs to them.（我们可能成功地提高了考试成绩，但我们无法让他们明白阅读具有变革性，阅读是属于他们的。）”可知，作者写这篇文章是提倡文学教学要触动心灵，而不是为了应付考试。故选A项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Improving

68、 as a runner is about more than just running all of the time._16_In that case, you can make large improvements as a runner in a relatively short time, no matter what your sport, race, or running habits._17_It is common for runners to push themselves about the same amount each time, running similarly

69、 challenging runs and gradually increasing difficulty. Outstanding runners, however, alternate(交替)an easy, resting run with a very challenging one. It is during these difficult runs，when you really push yourself, that your body snakes the most significant gains._18_Rather, it is helping rebuild and

70、relax the muscles needed for your big runs.Keep a relaxed but strong upper body to conserve energy efficiently. You want to keep your chin(下巴)up and your shoulders back, with loose, relaxed arm and hand muscles. Your elbows are bent at 90 degrees but swing freely. If anything, the only muscles you w

71、ant to focus on keeping strong and tight are the ones in your core(核心)._19_Use your light run to work up a light sweat. A higher body temperature ensures your muscles are loose and flexible, and your body is pumping blood effectively throughout. For everything other than easy runs, use the first fiv

72、e to ten minutes to build a light sweat and get your body ready for exercise._20_Slowly pick up speed for short 10 second runs, then return to normal warm-up pace. This helps prepare your muscles for speed.A. Dont feel like an easy day is cheatingB. Alternate easy and hard runs to build strength rap

73、idly.C. Even five minutes of walking is a good way to get started.D. Warming up truly means you want to warm up your body.E. You are to pay a little attention to details and a smart training plan.F. Thats because this will naturally help you efficiently channel energy.G. Remember to relax your face

74、and neck muscles instead of tensing them【答案】16. E 17. B 18. A 19. F 20. C【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何有技巧地训练自己成为一个杰出的跑步者。【16题详解】下文In that case, you can make large improvements as a runner in a relatively short time, no matter what your sport, race, or running habits.(这种情况下，无论你从事什么样的运动、比赛，或有什么样的跑步习惯，你都可以在相对

75、较短的时间内取得巨大的进步。)与E. You are to pay a little attention to details and a smart training plan.(你需要注意一些细节并(制定)一个巧妙的训练计划)承接自然，下文的“这种情况”就是选项所提到的“制定细节和训练计划”，故选E项。【17题详解】根据下文的It is common for runners to push themselves about the same amount each time, running similarly challenging runs and gradually increasi

76、ng difficulty. Outstanding runners, however, alternate(交替)an easy, resting run with a very challenging one. (在跑步时逐渐增加难度、对自己提出挑战、施加压力是很常见的。然而，杰出的跑步者会交替进行一种简单、休息式的跑步和一种非常有挑战性的跑步。)可知，本段主要讲述跑步时要进行轻松和艰难模式的交替，且快速积累能量。因此B. Alternate easy and hard runs to build strength rapidly.(要交替进行轻松和艰难的跑步，快速积聚力量。)可以作为本段

77、中心句，故选B项。【18题详解】下文Rather, it is helping rebuild and relax the muscles needed for your big runs.(它帮助你为进行大量运动重塑并放松你的肌肉。)与A. Dont feel like an easy day is cheating.(不要觉得轻松的一天就是在作弊。)承接自然，“轻松”的一天对你有巨大帮助，下文的it就指代选项中的an easy day，故选A项。【19题详解】上文Your elbows are bent at 90 degrees but swing freely. If anything

78、, the only muscles you want to focus on keeping strong and tight are the ones in your core(核心).(将你的手肘弯曲成90度，自然摆动。集中注意保持你的核心肌肉处于紧绷的状态。)与F. Thats because this will naturally help you efficiently channel energy. (因为这样会自然地帮助你有效地输送能量。)承接自然，选项是将手肘弯曲成90度的作用，故选F项。【20题详解】上文For everything other than easy runs

79、, use the first five to ten minutes to build a light sweat and get your body ready for exercise.(除了简单的跑步外，先用5到10分钟来做一些(能让你)轻微出汗的运动从而让你的身体准备好去运动。)与C. Even five minutes of walking is a good way to get started.(即使步行五分钟也是一个很好的开始方式)承接自然，five minutes是关键词，故选C项。第三部分 英语知识运用（共三节，满分30分）第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分1

80、5分）请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Machines or learningThe classic model of educationa burst at the start and top-ups through company trainingis _21_. One reason is the need for new, and constantly updated, skills. Manufacturing _22_ calls for brain work rather than metal-bashing.

81、 The _23_ of the American workforce employed in routine office jobs declined from 25.5% to 21% between 1996 and 2015. The single, stable career has gone the way of the Rolodex.Pushing people into ever-higher levels of _24_ education at the start of their lives is not the way to cope. Just 16% of Ame

82、ricans think that a four-year college degree _25_ students very well for a good job. Although a vocational education promises that vital first hire, those with _26_ training tend to withdraw from the labour force earlier than those with general educationperhaps because they are less _27_.At the same

83、 time on-the-job training is _28_. In America and Britain it has fallen by roughly half in the past two decades. Self-employment is spreading, leaving more people to take responsibility for their own skills. Taking time out later in life to _29_ a formal qualification is an option, but it costs mone

84、y and most colleges are geared towards youngsters.The market is _30_ to enable workers to learn and earn in new ways. Providers from General Assembly to Pluralsight are building businesses on the _31_ of boosting and rebooting careers. Massive open online courses (MOOCs) have veered away from lectur

85、es on Plato or black holes in favor of courses that make their students more employable. At Udacity and Coursera self-improvers pay for cheap, short programs that bestow “microcredentials” and “nanodegrees” in, say, self-driving cars or the Android operating system. By offering degrees online, unive

86、rsities are _32_ it easier for professionals to burnish their skills. A single masters programme from Georgia Tech could expand the annual output of computer-science masters degrees in America by close to 10%.Such efforts demonstrate how to interleave careers and learning. But left to its own device

87、s, this nascent market will mainly serve those who already have _33_. It is easier to learn later in life if you enjoyed the classroom first time around: about 80% of the learners on Coursera already have degrees. Online learning requires some IT literacy, yet one in four adults in the OECD has no o

88、r limited _34_ of computers. Skills atrophy unless they are used, but many low-end jobs give workers little _35_ to practice them.21. A. referring toB. applying forC. coming acrossD. breaking down22. A. strangelyB. obviouslyC. increasinglyD. subsequently23. A. shareB. shiftC. showD. shelf24. A. obje

89、ctiveB. formalC. entireD. final25. A. decorateB. developC. prepareD. provide26. A. detailedB. complicatedC. specializedD. transformed27. A. adaptableB. accessibleC. availableD. acceptable28. A. endingB. escapingC. decreasingD. shrinking29. A. persuadeB. refuseC. pursueD. search30. A. developingB. an

90、alyzingC. innovatingD. producing31. A. promiseB. storyC. adviceD. context32. A. costingB. warningC. countingD. making33. A. rangesB. advantagesC. connectionsD. distinctions34. A. randB. possessionC. exposureD. experience35. A. trendB. chanceC. possibilityD. sign【答案】21. D 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. C 26.

91、C 27. A 28. D 29. C 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. D 35. B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了随着技术的发展，制造业越来越需要脑力劳动而不是金属敲击。【21题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：经典的教育模式在初创企业和通过公司培训获得成功的公司之间的爆发式发展正在瓦解。A. referring to参考，涉及；B. applying for申请；C. coming across偶然遇见；D. breaking down分解，损坏。根据下文“One reason is the need for new, and constantly update

92、d, skills.”（原因之一是需要新的、不断更新的技能。）可知，经典的教育模式正在瓦解。故选D。【22题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：制造业越来越需要脑力劳动而不是金属敲击。A. strangely奇怪地；B. obviously明显地；C. increasingly不断增加地；D. subsequently随后，后来。根据“One reason is the need for new, and constantly updated, skills.”（原因之一是需要新的、不断更新的技能。）可知，随着新技能的发展，制造业对脑力劳动的需求是不断增长的。故选C。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。

93、句意：1996年至2015年间，美国在日常办公室工作中的就业比例从25.5%降至21%。A. share股份，分担；B. shift转移；C. show演出；D. shelf架子，书架。根据“American workforce employed in routine office jobs declined from 25.5% to 21%”可知，美国人的就业比率在下降。故选A。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在人们刚开始接受正规教育的时候，把他们推向更高的水平并不是解决问题的办法。A. objective客观的；B. formal正式的；C. entire完全的；D. final

94、最终的。根据“at the start of their lives”可知，在人们生命开始阶段接受的是正规教育。故选B。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：只有16%的美国人认为四年制的大学学位能让学生很好地准备好一份好工作。A. decorate装修，装饰；B. develop发展；C. prepare准备；D. provide提供。根据“a four-year college degree”和“for a good job.”可知，接受四年制的大学教育是为了得到一份好工作做准备。故选C。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管职业教育承诺了至关重要的第一次雇佣，但受过专门培训的人往往

95、比受过普通教育的人更早地退出劳动力市场，也许是因为他们的适应能力较差。A. detailed详细的，精细的；B. complicated复杂的；C. specialized专门的，专业的；D. transformed转变的。与后文的“than those with general education”对比，此处表示与受过普通教育的人相对应，应该是接受过专门培训的人。故选C。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管职业教育承诺了至关重要的第一次雇佣，但受过专门培训的人往往比受过普通教育的人更早地退出劳动力市场，也许是因为他们的适应能力较差。A. adaptable适应性强的；B. acces

96、sible可到达的，可接近的；C. available可利用的；D. acceptable可接受的。根据上文内容“those with _6_ training tend to withdraw from the labour force earlier than those with general education”可知，受过专门培训的人往往比受过普通教育的人更早地退出劳动力市场是因为适应能力较差。故选A。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，在职培训正在减少。A. ending结束，终止；B. escaping逃跑；C. decreasing减少；D. shrinking收缩

97、。根据下文“In America and Britain it has fallen by roughly half in the past two decades.”（在美国和英国，这个数字在过去20年里下降了大约一半。）可知，此处表示在职培训正在减少。故选D。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在以后的生活中抽出时间去追求一个正式的资格是一种选择，但这需要花费金钱，而且大多数大学都是面向年轻人的。A. persuade劝说；B. refuse拒绝；C. pursue追求；D. search搜索。根据“Taking time”和“a formal qualification”可知，此处表示

98、花费时间追求一个正式的资格。故选C。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：市场正在创新，使工人能够以新的方式学习和挣钱。A. developing发展；B. analyzing分析；C. innovating创新，改革；D. producing生产。根据“to enable workers to learn and earn in new ways.”可知，市场正在创新。故选C。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：从General Assembly到Pluralsight等供应商都在致力于促进和重启职业生涯。A. promise承诺；B. story故事；C. advice建议；D. con

99、text上下文，语境。此处表示“General Assembly”和“Pluralsight”等供应商承诺能促进和重启职业生涯。故选A。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：大规模在线开放课程(MOOCs)已经从柏拉图(Plato)或黑洞(black holes)的讲座转向让学生更有竞争力的课程。A. costing花费；B. warning警告；C. counting重要，认为；D. making制作，使。根据空后的“their students more employable.”可知，此处是使役动词make的用法，“make+宾语+宾语补足语”为固定用法。故选D。【33题详解】考查名词词义

100、辨析。句意：但如果放任自流，这个新兴市场将主要为那些已经拥有优势的公司服务。A. ranges范围；B. advantages优点；C. connections连接，关联；D. distinctions区别。此处表示这个新兴市场主要为那些拥有优势的公司服务。故选B。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在线学习需要一定的IT素养，但在经合组织(OECD)成员国中，有四分之一的成年人没有或只有有限的计算机经验。A. rand兰特；B. possession拥有，财产；C. exposure暴露，揭露；D. experience经验，经历。上文提到“Online learning requires

101、 some IT literacy”（在线学习需要一定的IT素养），yet前后为转折关系，此处表示没有或者有限的计算机经验。故选D。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：技能如果不使用就会萎缩，但许多低端工作几乎没有机会让工人实践这些技能。A. trend趋势；B. chance机会；C. possibility可能性；D. sign符号，标记。根据上文“Skills atrophy unless they are used”（技能如果不使用就会萎缩），but前后为转折关系，此处表示许多低端工作没有机会让工人实践。故选B。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填

102、入一个适当的单词或所给单词的正确形式。In the 1880s, the first automobile (汽车) was developed, and about two decades later, the Wright brothers in North Carolina invented the first successful airplane. Today, the world is closer to _36_ (combine) those two concepts because a Japanese tech company said it completed a man

103、ned test flight of a “flying car.”The company, SkyDrive, said in a news release Friday that it had completed a flight test using “the worlds first manned tested machine, an electrical vertical (垂直的) takeoff and landing (eVTOL) vehicle, and _37_the flight time was four minutes.The aircraft had one se

104、at and _38_(operate) with eight motors and two propellers (螺旋桨) on each corner. It lifted about 10 feet _39_ the air and was operated by a pilot, the company said.Tomohiro Fukuzawa, SkyDrives chief executive, said that five years ago there _40_ (be) various prototypes of flying cars, usually with fi

105、xed wings. SkyDrives product, he said, was one of the most compact (体积小) in size and was _41_ (light), compared with other designs._42_ (safe) is one of two challenges preventing the technology from becoming _43_ (wide) used, said Derya Aksaray, _44_ assistant professor of aerospace engineering and

106、mechanics at the University of Minnesota. Safe autonomous technology for eVTOL aircrafts is still being developed, Aksaray said.The other challenge is design: The vehicles should be powerful enough _45_(carry) any necessary weight, yet quiet enough to fly at undetermined low altitudes, she said.【答案】

107、36. combining 37. that 38. operated 39. in/into 40. were 41. lighter 42. Safety 43. widely 44. an 45. to carry【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章提到日本的一家科技公司已经完成了“飞行汽车”的载人试飞。同时文章也提及了限制飞行汽车发展的两大挑战。【36题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：如今，世界离将这两个概念结合起来更近了一步，因为一家日本科技公司表示，它已经完成了“飞行汽车”的载人试飞。分析题意，be close to中的to为介词，后接名词或者动名词。故填combining。【37题详解】考查

108、宾语从句。句意：周五，SkyDrive公司在一份新闻稿中表示，该公司已经完成了使用“世界上第一架载人测试机”电动垂直起降（eVTOL）飞行器的飞行测试，飞行时间为4分钟。分析题意，and后面为并列的宾语从句，从句部分不缺成分和含义。在并列的宾语从句中，第二个that不可省略。故填that。【38题详解】考查时态。句意：这架飞机有一个座位，每个角落有八个发动机和两个螺旋桨。分析题意，and为并列连词，前后动词时态要一致。根据and前的had的时态为过去时可知，operate的时态也需用一般过去时。故填operated。【39题详解】考查介词。句意：该公司说，它飞到空中约10英尺高，由一名飞行员操

109、作。分析题意，lift in/into the air译为“升入空中”此处为固定搭配。故填in/into。【40题详解】考查时态及主谓一致。句意：SkyDrive的首席执行官Tomohiro Fukuzawa说，五年前就有各种飞行汽车的原型，通常都有固定的机翼。分析题意，时间状语“five years ago”提示此处的时态应用一般过去时。there be句型的主谓一致要求用“就近原则”。此处be动词后的various prototypes of flying cars表示复数。故填were。【41题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：他说，与其他设计相比，SkyDrive的产品是体积最紧凑的产品之

110、一，也更轻。分析题意，根据设空后“compared with other designs”可知，此处表示相比后SkyDrive的产品更轻。故填lighter。【42题详解】考查名词。句意：明尼苏达大学（University of Minnesota）航空航天工程和力学助理教授Derya Aksaray说，安全问题是阻碍这项技术广泛应用的两个挑战之一。分析题意，此处充当句子的主语，应使用名词，safety“安全”为不可数名词。故填Safety。【43题详解】考查副词。句意：明尼苏达大学（University of Minnesota）航空航天工程和力学助理教授Derya Aksaray说，安全问

111、题是阻碍这项技术广泛应用的两个挑战之一。分析题意，此处修饰动词used，应使用副词。故填widely。【44题详解】考查冠词。句意：明尼苏达大学(University of Minnesota)航空航天工程和力学助理教授Derya Aksaray说，安全问题是阻碍这项技术广泛应用的两个挑战之一。分析题意，assistant professor译为“助理教授”为可数名词，此处表示泛指，assistant以元音音素开头，应使用an。故填an。【45题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她说，另一个挑战是设计上的:飞行器应该有足够的动力来承载任何必要的重量，同时又要足够安静以在未知的低高度飞行。分析题意，此

112、处用不定式表示目的。故填to carry。第四部分 写作 （共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46. 你校近期举行了一次登山活动。假定你是学校英语报记者，请你写一篇短文，报道此次活动。内容包括：1. 时间与地点：9月5日，大青山2. 活动的过程3. 你对这次活动的评论注意：1. 词数80左右（文章标题已给出，但不计入总词数）2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯A Journey to Daqing Mountain_【答案】A Journey to Daqing MountainWith the purpose of inspiring students to take outdoor e

113、xercise, our school organized a mountain-climbing activity on September 3. Hundreds of students participated in it.After gathering at the foot of Daqing Mountain at 8:00 am, we set out for the top in high spirits. Breathing the fresh air and enjoying the beautiful scenery, we were chatting, singing

114、and laughing all the way. If someone couldnt keep up with us, others would come and do them a favor, such as carrying their bags or giving them words of encouragement. After reaching the top about two hours later, we jumped and cheered with joy.The activity benefited us a lot. Not only did it get us

115、 to experience the beauty of nature and give us relief from our heavy school work, it also promoted our friendship.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于记叙文，要求考生写一篇短文，报道学校最近举行的一次登山活动。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：记叙文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般过去时。结构：总分法要求：1. 时间与地点：9月5日，大青山2. 活动的过程3. 你对这次活动的评论第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）with the purpose of; hundreds of; gather at;

116、 all the way; keep up with; cheer with joy; relief from第三步：连词成句1. With the purpose of inspiring students to take outdoor exercise, our school organized a mountain-climbing activity on September 3. 2. Hundreds of students participated in it.3. After gathering at the foot of Daqing Mountain at 8:00 am

117、, we set out for the top in high spirits.4. Breathing the fresh air and enjoying the beautiful scenery, we were chatting, singing and laughing all the way.5. If someone couldnt keep up with us, others would come and do them a favor, such as carrying their bags or giving them words of encouragement.6

118、. After reaching the top about two hours later, we jumped and cheered with joy.7. Not only did it get us to experience the beauty of nature and give us relief from our heavy school work, it also promoted our friendship.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First,

119、 Secondly/Second（供参考）2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover（供参考）3.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus（供参考）连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。【点睛】高分句型1If someone couldnt keep up with us, others would come and do them a favor, such as carrying their bags or giving them words of encouragement.(运用if引导条件状语从

120、句)高分句型2Not only did it get us to experience the beauty of nature and give us relief from our heavy school work, it also promoted our friendship.(运用部分倒装)第二节（满分25分）47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。No TimeWith a broad smile on her lips, 15-year old Sirin rushed to her mom to show o

121、ff her new painting. But mom raised her eyebrows with eyes wide open, and spoke in an impatient tone, “No time, baby. Right now I am busy with an important talk. Just wait for some time,OK?”Holding her oil painting, she frowned (皱眉), and then searched for her dad.“Dad, see what I have done,” Sirin a

122、nnounced aloud in a thrilling voice. Her dad turned around while adjusting his tie, grinned at her, and showed his thumbs up!Immediately, blowing her two cheeks, Sirin replied angrily, “Dad, you havent seen it yet.”He smiled at her saying, “No time, baby. I will see it later.” He just patted her bac

123、k lovingly, kissed her forehead, and rushed for his office.She was not a kid to be pleased with simple gesture or smile. She stood there for a few seconds,and then stormed off to her own bedroom. Hot air was blowing from her nostrils (鼻孔); her face turned into apple red. She threw the painting on th

124、e table, slammed (把砰地关上) the door and threw herself on her bed.“Why is everybody so busy?” She recalled thousands of incidents that hurt her in pre-school, middle school and even in high school too! She assumed at least her own family members would give some values to her thoughts, but they were no

125、exception. Unconsciously, her eyes were filled with tears.The knocking sound on the door put a sudden brake to her thought. Her mom was calling her for dinner. Sirin deliberately came late to join them. She kept silent and didnt look at anyone, scratching the table mat with her nail. Her mom was puz

126、zled at the unusual behavior. Suddenly, the morning incident clicked in her mind. Softly, she asked, “Honey, did I do anything wrong?”Para 1: At this very moment, Sirin could no longer resist her anger._Para 2: When back from school the next day, Sirin was surprised to see her beautifully-decorated

127、paining on the wall_【答案】At this very moment, Sirin could no longer resist her anger. “Why is everybody so busy?” she roared, tears streaming down. She assumed that her mom and dad would feel proud of her great talent, would appreciate her painting but she was disgusted with everybody having “no time

128、” for her. “I hate you!” She screamed, grabbed the painting on the table and tore it in half. Shocked, mom threw her arms around her tightly, announcing regretfully and firmly, “Baby, I am so sorry! I promise this mistake will not be repeated.”When back from school the next day, Sirin was surprised

129、to see her beautifully-decorated painting on the wall. It was beautifully framed and just below the painting, it was written “We are so proud of you, our little angle!” On seeing it, she burst out crying. She ran to her mom and hugged her tightly as well, fully aware of her moms love. Recalling her

130、moms stress from work and daily life, she was regretting her previous behavior. She ducked her head, apologizing, “Sorry, mom!” It dawned on them that though everything came and went, mutual understanding would stay forever in their family.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于读后续写。【详解】1.认真读懂所给提供的材料：15岁的瑟琳嘴角挂着灿烂的笑容，跑到爸爸妈

131、妈面前炫耀她的新画作。但是爸爸妈妈并没有给予真正的关注和欣赏，而是不耐烦地表示没有时间。这让瑟琳非常地生气。2.根据第一段首句At this very moment, Sirin could no longer resist her anger.(此时此刻，瑟琳再也无法抑制自己的愤怒)可以围绕瑟琳开始发泄自己的愤怒展开构思；根据第二段首句When back from school the next day, Sirin was surprised to see her beautifully-decorated painting on the wall.(第二天从学校回来的时候，瑟琳惊讶地看到

132、墙上挂着她装饰得很漂亮的画)可以推知，爸爸妈妈可能意识到她们忽略了她的感受，所以把她的画装饰的很漂亮，并挂在了墙上。第二段可以围绕瑟琳与爸爸妈妈的进一步交流展开构思。3.续写的语言要尽可能与原文的语言保持风格上的一致。文章时态以一般过去时为主。应使用自己熟悉的句型和短语进行写作，考生要注意尽可能使句子的表达形式多样化，适当的使用一些高级句式和高级词汇，以提高书面表达的档次和可读性。作文要层次清晰，要点全面，表达流畅，切合题干要求，句子结构准确，适当补充信息，使篇章结构连贯。【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如独立主格结构“Why is ev

133、erybody so busy?” she roared, tears streaming down.形容词作状语、非谓语动词及宾语从句Shocked, mom threw her arms around her tightly, announcing regretfully and firmly, “Baby, I am so sorry! I promise this mistake will not be repeated.”让步状语从句It dawned on them that though everything came and went, mutual understanding would stay forever in their family.全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。