河南省镇平县第一高级中学2017_2018学年高一英语暑强化训练试题五201808010179.doc

1、高一英语暑强化训练试题（五）第二部分：知识运用阅读理解（共两节，40分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AMy First Marathon(马拉松)A month before my first marathon, one of my ankles was injured and this meant not running for two weeks, leaving me only two weeks to train. Yet, I was determined to go ahead.

2、I remember back to my 7th year in school. In my first P.E. class, the teacher required us to run laps and then hit a softball. I didnt do either well. He later informed me that I was“not athletic”.The idea that I was “not athletic” stuck with me for years. When I started running in my 30s, I realize

3、d running was a battle against myself, not about competition or whether or not I was athletic. It was all about the battle against my own body and mind. A test of wills!The night before my marathon, I dreamt that I couldnt even find the finish line. I woke up sweating and nervous, but ready to prove

4、 something to myself.Shortly after crossing the start line, my shoe laces (鞋带)became untied. So I stopped to readjust. Not the start I wanted!At mile3, I passed a sign:“GO FOR IT, RUNNERS!”By mile 17, I became out of breath and the once injured ankle hurt badly. Despite the pain, I stayed the course

5、 walking a bit and then running again.By mile 21, I was starving!As I approached mile 23, I could see my wife waving a sign. She is my biggest fan. She never minded the alarm clock sounding at 4 a.m. or questioned my expenses on running.I was one of the final runners to finish. But I finished! And I

6、 got a medal. In fact, I got the same medal as the one that the guy who came in first place had.Determined to be myself,move forward, free of shame and worldly labels(世俗标签), I can now call myself a “marathon winner”.36. A month before the marathon, the author.A. was well trainedB. felt scaredC. made

7、 up his mind to runD. lost hope37. Why did the author mention the P.E. class in his 7th year?A. To acknowledge the support of his teacher.B. To amuse the readers with a funny story.C. To show he was not talented in sports.D. To share a precious memory.38. How was the authors first marathon?A. He mad

8、e it.B. He quit halfway.C. He got the first prize.D. He walked to the end.39. What does the story mainly tell us?A. A man owes his success to his family support.B. A winner is one with a great effort of will.C. Failure is the mother of success.D. One is never too old to learn.BFind Your Adventure at

9、 the Space and Aviation (航空)CenterIf youre looking for a unique adventure, the Space and Aviation Center(SAC)is the place to be. The Center offers programs designed to challenge and inspire with hands-on tasks and lots of fun.More than 750,000 have graduated from SAC, with many seeking employment in

10、 engineering, aviation, education, medicine and a wide variety of other professions. They come to camp, wanting to know what it is like to be an astronaut or a pilot, and they leave with real-world applications for what theyre studying in the classroom.For the trainees, the programs also offer a gre

11、at wayto earn merit badges (荣誉徽章). At Space Camp, trainees can earn their Space Exploration badge as they build and fire model rockets, learn about space tasks and try simulated (模拟) flying to space with the crew from all over the world. The Aviation Challenge program gives trainees the chance to ea

12、rn their Aviation badge. They learn the principles of flight and test their operating skills in the cockpit (驾驶舱) of a variety of flight simulators. Trainees also get a good start on their Wilderness Survival badge as they learn about water-and land-survival through designed tasks and their search a

13、nd rescue of a “downed” pilot.With all the programs, teamwork is key as trainees learn the importance of leadership and being part of a bigger task.All this fun is available for ages 9 to 18. Families can enjoy the experience together, too, with Family Camp programs for families with children as you

14、ng as 7.Stay an hour or stay a weekthere is something here for everyone!For more details, please visit us online at .40. Why do people come to SAC?A. To experience adventures.B. To look for jobs in aviation.C. To get a degree in engineering.D. To learn more about medicine.41. To earn a Space Explora

15、tion badge, a trainee needs to.A. fly to spaceB. get an Aviation badge firstC. study the principles of flightD. build and fire model rockets42. What is the most important for trainees?A. Leadership.B. Team spirit.C. Task planning.D. Survival skills.CPlastic-Eating WormsHumans produce more than 300 m

16、illion tons of plastic every year. Almost half of that winds up in landfills(垃圾填埋场), and up to 12 million tons pollute the oceans. So far there is no effective way to get rid of it, but a new study suggests an answer may lie in the stomachs of some hungry worms. Researchers in Spain and England rece

17、ntly found that the worms of the greater wax moth can break down polyethylene, which accounts for 40% of plastics. The team left 100 wax worms on a commercial polyethylene shopping bag for 12 hours, and the worms consumed and broke down about 92 milligrams, or almost 3% of it. To confirm that the wo

18、rms chewing alone was not responsible for the polyethylene breakdown, the researchers made some worms into paste(糊状物) and applied it to plastic films. 14 hours later the films had lost 13% of their massapparently broken down by enzymes(酶)from the worms stomachs. Their findings were published in Curr

19、ent Biology in 2017.Federica Bertocchini, co-author of the study, says the worms ability to break down their everyday foodbeeswaxalso allows them to break down plastic. “Wax is a complex mixture, but the basic bond in polyethylene, the carbon-carbon bond, is there as well,”she explains. “The wax wor

20、m evolved a method or system to break this bond.”Jennifer DeBruyn, a microbiologist at the University of Tennessee, who was not involved in the study, says it is not surprising that such worms can break down polyethylene. But compared with previous studies, she finds the speed of breaking down in th

21、is one exciting. The next step, DeBruyn says, will be to identify the cause of the breakdown. Is it an enzyme produced by the worm itself or by its gut microbes(肠道微生物)?Bertocchini agrees and hopes her teams findings might one day help employ the enzyme to break down plastics in landfills. But she ex

22、pects using the chemical in some kind of industrial processnot simply “millions of worms thrown on top of the plastic.”43. What can we learn about the worms in the study?A. They take plastics as their everyday food.B. They are newly evolved creatures.C. They can consume plastics.D. They wind up in l

23、andfills.44. According to Jennifer DeBruyn, the next step of the study is to.A. identify other means of the breakdownB. find out the source of the enzymeC. confirm the research findingsD. increase the breakdown speed45. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that the chemicalmight.A. help to rai

24、se wormsB. help make plastic bagsC. be used to clean the oceansD. be produced in factories in future46. What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To explain a study method on worms.B. To introduce the diet of a special worm.C. To present a way to break down plastics.D. To propose new means to keep

25、eco-balance.DPreparing Cities for Robot CarsThe possibility of self-driving robot cars has often seemed like a futurists dream, years away from materializing in the real world. Well, the future is apparently now. The California Department of Motor Vehicles began giving permits in April for companies

26、 to test truly self-driving cars on public roads. The state also cleared the way for companies to sell or rent out self-driving cars, and for companies to operate driverless taxi services. California, it should be noted, isnt leading the way here. Companies have been testing their vehicles in cities

27、 across the country. Its hard to predict when driverless cars will be everywhere on our roads. But however long it takes, the technology has the potential to change our transportation systems and our cities, for better or for worse, depending on how the transformation is regulated.While much of the

28、debate so far has been focused on the safety of driverless cars(and rightfully so), policymakers also should be talking about howself-driving vehicles can help reduce traffic jams, cut emissions(排放) and offer more convenient, affordable mobility options. The arrival of driverless vehicles is a chanc

29、e to make sure that those vehicles are environmentally friendly and more shared.Do we want to copyor even worsenthe traffic of today with driverless cars? Imagine a future where most adults own individual self-driving vehicles. They tolerate long, slow journeys to and from work on packed highways be

30、cause they can work, entertain themselves or sleep on the ride, which encourages urban spread. They take their driverless car to an appointment and set the empty vehicle to circle the building to avoid paying for parking. Instead of walking a few blocks to pick up a child or the dry cleaning, they s

31、end the self-driving minibus. The convenience even leads fewer people to take public transportan unwelcome side effect researchers have already found in ride-hailing(叫车) services.A study from the University of California at Davis suggested that replacing petrol-powered private cars worldwide with el

32、ectric, self-driving and shared systems could reduce carbon emissions from transportation 80% and cut the cost of transportation infrastructure(基础设施) and operations40%by2050. Fewer emissions and cheaper travel sound pretty appealing. The first commercially available driverless cars will almost certa

33、inly be fielded by ride-hailing services, considering the cost of self-driving technology as well as liability and maintenance issues(责任与维护问题).But driverless car ownership could increase as the prices drop and more people become comfortable with the technology.Policymakers should start thinking now

34、about how to make sure the appearance of driverless vehicles doesnt extend the worst aspects of the car-controlled transportation system we have today. The coming technological advancement presents a chance for cities and states to develop transportation systems designed to move more people，and more

35、 affordably. The car of the future is coming. We just have to plan for it.47. According to the author, attention should be paid to how driverless cars can_.A. help deal with transportation-related problemsB. provide better services to customersC. cause damage to our environmentD. make some people lo

36、se jobs48. As for driverless cars, what is the authors major concern？A. Safety. B. Side effects.C. Affordability.D. Management.49. What does the underlined word “fielded” in Paragraph 4 probably mean？A. Employed.B. Replaced.C. Shared.D. Reduced.50. What is the authors attitude to the future of self-

37、driving cars？A. Doubtful.B. Positive.C. Disapproving.D. Sympathetic.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Before there was the written word, there was the language of dance. Dance expresses love and hate, joy and sorrow, life and death, and everything else in between. 51 We da

38、nce from Florida to Alaska, from north to south and sea to sea. We dance at weddings, birthdays, office parties and just to fill the time.“I adore dancing,” says Lester Bridges, the owner of a dance studio in Iowa. “I cant imagine doing anything else with my life.” Bridges runs dance classes for all

39、 ages. “Teaching dance is wonderful. 52 Its great to watch them. For many of them, its a way of meeting people and having a social life.” 53 “I can tell you about one young couple,” says Bridges. “Theyre learning to do traditional dances. They arrive at the class in low spirits and they leave with a

40、 smile. 54 ”So, do we dance in order to make ourselves feel better, calmer, healthier? Andrea Hillier says, “Dance, like the pattern of a beating heart, is life. Even after all these years, I want to get better and better. 55 I find it hard to stop! Dancing reminds me Im alive.”A. So why do we dance

41、?B. Dance in the U.S. is everywhere.C. If you like dancing outdoors, come to America.D. My older students say it makes them feel young.E. I keep practicing even when Im extremely tired.F. Dancing seems to change their feeling completely.G. They stayed up all night long singing and dancing.完形填空（共20小题

42、；每小题1.5分，共30分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。The Homeless HeroFor many, finding an unattended wallet filled with 400 in cash would be a source (来源) of temptation (诱惑).But the 56 would no doubt be greater if you were living on the streets with little food and money. All of this m

43、akes the actions of the homeless Tom Smith 57 more remarkable.After spotting a 58 on the front seat inside a parked car with its window down, he stood guard in the rain for about two hours waiting for the 59 to return.After hours in the cold and wet, he 60 inside and pulled the wallet out hoping to

44、find some ID so he could contact (联系) the driver, only to 61 it contained 400 in notes, with another 50 in spare change beside it.He then took the wallet to a nearby police station after 62 a note behind to let the owner know it was safe. When the cars owner John Anderson and his colleague Carol Law

45、rence returned to the carwhich was itself worth 35,000in Glasgow city centre, they were 63 to find two policemen standing next to it. The policemen told them what Mr. Smith did and that the wallet was 64 .The pair were later able to thank Mr. Smith for his 65 .Mr. Anderson said: “I couldnt believe t

46、hat the guy never took a penny. To think he is sleeping on the streets tonight 66 he could have stolen the money and paid for a place to stay in. This guy has nothing and 67 he didnt take the wallet for himself; he thought about others 68 .Its unbelievable. It just proves there are 69 guys out there

47、.”Mr. Smiths act 70 much of the publics attention. He also won praise from social media users after Mr. Anderson 71 about the act of kindness on Facebook.Now Mr. Anderson has set up an online campaign to 72 money forMr. Smith and other homeless people in the area, which by yesterday had received 8,0

48、00. “I think the faith that everyone has shown 73 him has touched him. People have been approaching him in the street; hes had job 74 and all sorts,”Mr. Anderson commented.For Mr. Smith, this is a possible life-changing 75 . The story once again tells us that one good turn deserves another.56.A. hop

49、eB. aimC. urgeD. effort57.A. stillB. evenC. everD. once58.A. walletB. bagC. boxD. parcel59.A. partnerB. colleagueC. ownerD. policeman60.A. turnedB. hidC. steppedD. reached61.A. discoverB. collectC. checkD. believe62.A. takingB. leavingC. readingD. writing63.A. satisfiedB. excitedC. amusedD. shocked6

50、4.A. safeB. missingC. foundD. seen65.A. serviceB. supportC. kindnessD. encouragement66.A. whenB. ifC. whereD. because67.A. ratherB. yetC. alreadyD. just68.A. tooB. thoughC. againD. instead69.A. honestB. politeC. richD. generous70.A. gaveB. paidC. castD. drew71.A. learnedB. postedC. caredD. heard72.A

51、. borrowB. raiseC. saveD. earn73.A. ofB. atC. forD. in74.A. detailsB. changesC. offersD. applications75.A. lessonB. adventure C. chanceD. challenge第三部分：书面表达（共两节，35分）第一节（10分）短文改错假如英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌的以下作文，文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加，删除或修改。 增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(/),并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉

52、。 修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词:2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Nowadays the old saying, “Listening is important than talking”, becomes popularity. The saying told us the true meaning of communication with others. We need to master some communication skills in a competitive society, which

53、mean paying attention to others opinions is more important than expressing ones own words. Listening shows your respect for others. Willingness to listen can make you gaining trust and friendship. A talkative person without hearing others contributes to fail to be popular. However, listening can rea

54、lly benefit from yourself. You are the one to make choices in your life. According to that is said above, listening is truly important. 第二节（25分）书面表达假定你是李华。你所在的校乒乓球队正在招收新队员。请给你的留学生朋友Eric写封邮件邀请他加入，内容包括：(1)球队活动；(2)报名方式及截止日期。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Dear Eric, Yours,Li Hua参考答案阅读理解3640 CCABA4145DBC

55、BD4650 CADAB七选五：5155BDAFE完形填空5660 CBACD6165ABDAC6670 ABDAD7l75 BBDCC第三部分：改错Nowadays the old saying, “Listening is/ important than talking”, becomes popularity. The saying told us the more popular tellstrue meaning of communication with others. We need to master some communication skills in a competi

56、tive society, which mean paying attention to others opinions is more important than expressing ones own words. Listening means othersshows your respect for others. Willingness to listen can make you gaining trust and friendship. A talkative person gainwithout hearing others contributes to fail to be

57、 popular. However, listening can really benefit from yourself. You are failing Thereforethe one to make choices in your life. According to that is said above, listening is truly important. what参考范文Dear Eric,I am Li Hua. Occasionally learning that you are addicted to tennis, I am writing to sincerely

58、 invite you to join the table tennis team in our school aimed at developing our interests and improving our skills.Considering the enormous benefits, which we can earn steadily from tennis practice, including preventing us from getting shortsighted and keeping physically healthy, we are lost in trai

59、ning course. Definitely, as for the activities, we will be honor to be given high-level training by a professional coach every Friday around 3-5 pm. Meanwhile, we would be divided into several groups to conduct competitions every two weeks.If you are interested in what I have stated above, sign up on our school website before September 1st.Im looking forward to your reply even your appearance in our training center soon.Yours,Li Hua