江苏省扬州市2014届高三上学期期末考试英语试题 WORD版含解析.doc

1、本试卷分五部分。满分120分。考试时间120分钟。第卷（共 85 分）第一部分： 听力 (共两节，满分20分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What do we learn from the conversation?A. The man hates to lend his tools to othe

2、r people.B. The man hasnt finished working on the bookshelf.C. The man lost those tools.2. What are the two speakers talking about?A. A park. B. A trip. C. A cinema. 3. What does the man mean?A. He would like to make an appointment for the woman.B. He thinks it worthwhile to try Santerbales.C. He kn

3、ows a less expensive place for a haircut.4. What do we learn from this conversation?A The man wants to go to Los Angeles B The man wants to go to San Francisco.C There are no flights to Los Angeles for the rest of the day.5. What is the womans opinion of the research paper? A. Its fine as it is.B. O

4、nly a few changes should be made in it.C. Major revisions are needed in it.第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各个小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至8题。6. Why is Ken calling?A. To ask about the address for the meeting.B.

5、 To ask about the time for the meeting.C. To remind Andy of the meeting.7. Where is Andy?A. In his office. B. In the supermarket. C. In the downtown.8. What is Kens phone number?A. 439-808-7754.B. 493-908-7754.C. 439-908-7754.听第7段材料，回答第9至11题。9. Which of the following is the mans favorite food?A. Car

6、rots. B. Chocolate cakes. C. Fruits.10. What are the two speakers probably doing now?A. Having a meal. B. Shopping. C. Preparing food.11. What does the woman say about carrots?A. It is rich in fibers.B. It can reduce weight.C. It contains much vitamin C.听第8段材料，回答第12至14题。12. Where is the conversation

7、 taking place?A. In the mans house.B. In the womans house.C. In their friends house.13. What color is the meat container?A. Blue. B. Yellow. C. Red.14. What is the side dish mentioned by the man?A. Eggplant with soy sauce.B. Pork with pineapple.C. Tomatoes with sugar.听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。15. Who is lear

8、ning Chinese probably?A. Rose. B. Jane. C. Jack.16. How many children does the woman have?A. Three. B. Four. C. Five.17. What will the woman do tomorrow?A. Go to the cinema. B. Go to the McDonalds. C. Go to school.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18. What happened to the speaker?A. He transferred to another post i

9、n another city.B. His colleagues started to get along well with him.C. His hard work got paid off.19. What contributions did the speaker make for the company?A. He helped increase the sales.B. He helped build a branch company.C. He helped make new products.20. Which of the following statements is TR

10、UE?A. The speakers pay rose to $15, 000 per year.B. The speakers department sales increased a lot last year.C. The speaker refused the rise.第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分35分）第一节：单项填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分） 请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。21. -Mary knocked into a tree last night while driving

11、, but she is all right.-She is lucky. She herself badly.A. should injure B. might injureC. should have injured D. could have injured23. -The manager finally agreed to our new marketing proposals. -It never occurred to me you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind.A. which B. what C. that

12、 D. if【答案】C【解析】试题分析：句意：-经理最后终于同意我们的新市场议案了。-我从没有想到你能成功的说服他改变主意。这里使用了固定句型：It occurs/occurred to sb that .“某人突然想起”,it是形式主语，that引导的是真正的主语从句，所以选C。考点：考查固定句型24. A case of suspected food poisoning in New York has led to 6 high school students to hospital.A. being sent B. sent C. sending D. to be sent26. - D

13、o you remember the first time you with a foreigner? - Not really, but I remember it was in a KFC. A. talked B. had talked C. have talked D. are talking 【答案】A【解析】试题分析： 句意：你记得你第一次和外国人谈话吗？-不太记得了，但是我记得是在肯德基。因为是the first time，还有it was，说明这次谈话是过去发生的，用一般过去时，选A。考点：考查时态27. On 5 December 2013,China Central Ban

14、kprohibited financial institutions from handling Bitcoin transactions, _ to regulate the virtual currency.A. moved B. to move C. having moved D. moving30. - We had really smoggy December this year. - I cant remember winter when air was polluted so severely.A. a; / B. a; the C. the; the D. a; a【答案】D

15、【解析】试题分析： 句意：今年我们度过了一个雾霾的12月份。-我不记得有一个冬天空气被污染的如此严重的。第一空填a，泛指“一个雾霾的12月份”，第二空填a，泛指“一个冬天”，选D。考点：考查冠词31. -With the countrys pension fund gap becoming wider than ever, retirement age should be postponed immediately. -Easier said than done. we take all factors into account, we shall be faced with some oth

16、er social problems. A. Unless B. Until C. When D. Once33. -Could you help me take care of my pet dog on the 19th?- Im afraid Im not that day.A. vacant B. sufficient C. available D. convenient第二节 完型填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Even though Danish students hav

17、e equal access to education, their choice of studies is still influenced by social class. Young people from working class backgrounds are 36 by studies with a clear job profile侧面，半面，外形，轮廓and high income, 37 prestige and studies with a strong identity interest young people of parents with university

18、degrees when choosing which studies to 38 . This is what researchers from the University of Copenhagen 39 in a new study. Students who have chosen to study medicine, architecture, economy and sociology often come from homes where the parents have 40 higher education, whereas business studies and pha

19、rmacy often 41 young people with a working class background. This is 42 by a research team from the University of Copenhagen and Aalborg University in a new study.“There is a 43 between the studies chosen by young Danes and their 44 background. Even for the young people who have very good grades in

20、their A-level exams, and who could successfully 45 admission to a large variety of studies, the parents 46 of education and social class play an important role in their choice,” says Education Sociologist Jens Peter Thomsen, who is one of the researchers behind the study.The study “The Educational S

21、trategies of Danish University Students from Professional and Working-Class Backgrounds” is 47 60 interviews with Danish students from six different university level study programmes: Medicine, architecture, sociology, economy, pharmacy and business studies.The young people bring with them the 48 th

22、ey get from their families. If you grow up in a home with parents who are doctors or architects with a strong professional 49 , it is an obvious choice to follow the 50 path as your parents when you grow up.“For young people whose parents are university educated, 51 such as fame and mastery of exper

23、t knowledge are important. They are 52 by an educational culture in which you are a diligent student, and where leisure activities are 53 to the identity that lies within your studies. These young people have also grown up with 54 discussions around the dinner table which also prepare them for their

24、 lives as students,” says Jens Peter Thomsen. He also added, “Young people who come from a working class background, and have good grades have to 55 the full range of opportunities they have. But the effort to reach this goal must start early”.【小题1】 A. monitoredB. motivatedC. motionedD. multiplied【小

25、题2】A. whileB. althoughC. whenD. if【小题3】 A. pursueB. engageC. involveD. conduct【小题4】 A. calculateB. suspectC. concludeD. achieve【小题5】A. requiredB. confirmedC. refusedD. completed【小题6】 A. subscribes toB. caters toC. sticks toD. appeals to【小题7】 A. inquired B. proved C. extended D. acquired【小题8】A. conne

26、ctionB. comparisonC. differenceD. contradiction【小题9】A. educationalB. politicalC. socialD. professional【小题10】 A. balanceB. developC. identifyD. seek【小题11】A. situationB. judgmentC. levelD. preference【小题12】A. connected withB. based on C. committed toD. combined with【小题13】A. resourcesB. experiencesC. fi

27、nanceD. memory【小题14】A. degreeB. identityC. successD. responsibility【小题15】A. perfectB. usualC. commonD. same【小题16】A. changesB. problemsC. factorsD. characters【小题17】A. disturbedB. movedC. puzzledD. attracted 【小题18】A. tied B. accustomed C. transferred D. copied【小题19】 A. practicalB. topicalC. physicalD.

28、 medical【小题20】A. take charge of B. take control of C. take advantage of D. take care of【答案】【小题1】B【小题2】A【小题3】A【小题4】C【小题5】D【小题6】D【小题7】B【小题8】A【小题9】C【小题10】D【小题11】C【小题12】B【小题13】A【小题14】B【小题15】D【小题16】C【小题17】D【小题18】A【小题19】B【小题20】C【小题9】考查形容词辨析：A. educational教育的，B. political政治的，C. social社会的，D. professional专业的

29、，从第一段的句子：Even though Danish students have equal access to education, their choice of studies is still influenced by social class.可知是选C考点：考查教育类短文第三部分：阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AAt the moment, there are two reliable ways to make electricity from sunlight

30、. You can use a panel of solar cells to create the current directly, by liberating electrons from a semiconducting material such as silicon. Or you can concentrate the suns rays using mirrors, boil water with them, and employ the steam to drive a generator. Both work. But both are expensive. Gang Ch

31、en of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Zhifeng Ren of Boston College therefore propose an alternative. They suggest that a phenomenon called the thermoelectric（热电）effect might be used insteadand they have built a prototype（原型）to show that the idea is practical. Thermoelectric devices ar

32、e not new. They are used, for example, to capture waste heat from car engines. They work because certain materials generate an electrical potential difference within themselves if one part is hotter than another. That can be used to drive a current through an external circuit. The reason thermoelect

33、ric materials have not, in the past, been applied successfully to the question of solar power is that to get a worthwhile current you have to have a significant temperature difference. (200 is considered a good starting point.) In a car engine, that is easy. For sunlight, however, it means concentra

34、ting the heat in some way. And if you are going to the trouble of building mirrors to do that, you might as well go down the steam-generation route, which is a much more efficient way of producing electricity. If the heat concentration could be done without all the equipment of mirrors, though, ther

35、moelectricitys inefficiency would be balanced by the cheapness of the equipment. In their view, three things are needed to create a workable solar-thermoelectric device. The first is to make sure that most of the sunlight which falls on it is absorbed, rather than being reflected. The second is to c

36、hoose a thermoelectric material which conducts heat badly but electricity well. The third is to be certain that the temperature gradient（梯度）which that badly conducting material creates is not wasted by poor design.【小题1】The following methods can be adopted to make electricity from sunlight EXCEPT .A.

37、 putting a panel of solar cells into useB. concentrating suns rays with mirrorsC. creating a solar-thermoelectric deviceD. building a practical solar prototype【小题2】Why was the application of thermoelectric materials a failure in the past?A. Because its hard for them to build enough mirrors to make i

38、t work.B. Because 200 was hard to reach at that time even in a car engine.C. Because of the failure of having a significant temperature difference.D. Because it was hard to focus the suns rays with equipment of mirrors.【小题3】Which of the following is the best title for this passage?考点：考查科普类短文BQ: On F

39、acebook, my friends are a mix of real-life pals, former classmates, professional colleagues, extended-family members, and my mom. Mom is the first to like and comment on everything I post, which is annoying. I tried talking to her about it, but her feelings quickly got hurt, so I backed off. I know

40、I cant block her, but now I dont want to post anything. How do I handle this?A:This is about Facebook, not your mom. The often-shrugged-off truth about social media is that nothing is private. Its easy to forget this, so in a way, youre lucky that your mom is reminding you. Everything you postcommen

41、ts, likes, photosis freely available to future friends, employers, lovers etc unless blocked. That said, you can ask Mom again nicely to tone it down. You can also customize your controls so she cant see everything you post.Q:In which situations am I required to make a phone call versus send a text

42、message?A:A text is for informationtime, date, news. Its for the stuff you can keep short and sweet. A phone call is for analysis, discussion, opinion, and, if you must, gossip.Q:Im always on Facebook, so I just send messages to friends through the site. But when should I log off and send an e-mail?

43、A:When youre serious about anything. Think of it as chatting with someone on a bus versus asking her to meet you for coffee. The former is good for casual conversation; the latter is personal and requires attention.Q:For which occasions should I mail paper invitations versus send e-mail ones? (E-car

44、ds are free and easywhats not to love?!)A:Anything important needs a paper invitation. Thats your baseline. So ask yourself: “Do I want people to dress up for this event?” If the answer is yes, dress up your invitation by making it printed instead of virtual. For more casual events and gatherings, e

45、-card away.Q:Is using emoticons ever inappropriate to express a feeling or make a point in texts or e-mails?A:Emoticons are for fun. Is the message youre writing fun? Use an emoticon. Are you asking for a big favor? Skip it. Is the message to your boss or a colleague? Skip it. Avoid them if you want

46、 to be taken seriously about anything.Q:I have a big, happy announcement to share with a lot of people. Is it appropriate to share it on my blog?A:Yes, so you dont have to go cc-ing everyone in an e-mail. Post away. But send a private message to those who should know first.Q:I have a big, sad announ

47、cement. What should I do?A:Respect your privacyand yourself. Pick up the phone and call a trusted friend or family member to let her know, and then ask her to help spread the news offline.【小题1】What do we learn about social media from the first Q and A?A. It is illegal to keep track of personal priva

48、cy on Facebook. B. Personal privacy is inaccessible online with control customized. C. People tend to ignore privacy provided it is blocked purposefully. D. We need someone to remind us constantly of our privacy online.【小题】Which of the following is appropriate about using social media? A. Sending te

49、xts to consult a doctor for surgery B. Carrying on casual conversations via emails. C. Emailing your boss with emoticons for promotion. D. Writing a formal invitation for a dress-up event. 【小题】According to the passage, how would you make it known that you have won a scholarship to Harvard? A. Arrang

50、ing for a social gathering to celebrate it. B. Informing your teachers who may help you spread. C. Telling your parents before posting it on your blog. D. Sending everyone a message privately to share it.【答案】【小题1】B【小题】D【小题】C【解析】试题分析：文章通过问答的形式介绍了我们在使用社交媒体的时候，需要注意的事项。【小题1】细节题：从第一段的句子：This is about Fac

51、ebook, not your mom. The often-shrugged-off truth about social media is that nothing is private. 可知设置了控制隐私就看不见了，选B【小题】细节题：根据第四个问题下面的回答：Anything important needs a paper invitation. Thats your baseline. So ask yourself: “Do I want people to dress up for this event?” If the answer is yes, dress up your

52、 invitation by making it printed instead of virtual. 可知一个化妆晚会需要写正式的邀请信，选D【小题】细节题：从倒数第二段的句子：Yes, so you dont have to go cc-ing everyone in an e-mail. Post away. But send a private message to those who should know first.可知获得奖学金这样的事情，要先告诉父母再发布到博客里面，选 C考点：考查日常生活类短文CMy day began on a definitely sour note

53、 when I saw my six-year-old wrestling with a limb of my azalea（杜鹃花）bush. By the time I got outside, hed broken it. “Can I take this to school today?” he asked. With a wave of my hand, I sent him off. I turned my back so he wouldnt see the tears gathering in my eyes.The washing machine had leaked on

54、my brand-new linoleum. If only my husband had just taken the time to fix it the night before when I asked him instead of playing checkers with Jonathan.It was days like this that made me want to quit. I just wanted to drive up to the mountains, hide in a cave, and never come out.Somehow I spent most

55、 of the day washing and drying clothes and thinking how love had disappeared from my life. As I finished hanging up the last of my husbands shirts, I looked at the clock. 2:30. I was late. Jonathans class let out at 2:15 and I hurriedly drove to the school.I was out of breath by the time I knocked o

56、n the teachers door and peered through the glass. She rustled through the door and took me aside. “I want to talk to you about Jonathan,” she said.I prepared myself for the worst. Nothing would have surprised me. “Did you know Jonathan brought flowers to school today?” she asked. I nodded, thinking

57、about my favorite bush and trying to hide the hurt in my eyes. “Let me tell you about yesterday,” the teacher insisted. “See that little girl?” I watched the bright-eyed child laugh and point to a colorful picture taped to the wall. I nodded.“Well, yesterday she was almost hysterical. Her mother and

58、 father are going through a nasty divorce. She told me she didnt want to live, she wished she could die. I watched that little girl bury her face in her hands and say loud enough for the class to hear, Nobody loves me. I did all I could to comfort her, but it only seemed to make matters worse.” “I t

59、hought you wanted to talk to me about Jonathan,” I said.“I do,” she said, touching the sleeve of my blouse. “Today your son walked straight over to that child. I watched him hand her some pretty pink flowers and whisper, I love you.“I felt my heart swell with pride for what my son had done. I smiled

60、 at the teacher. “Thank you,” I said, reaching for Jonathans hand, “youve made my day.”Later that evening, I began pulling weeds from around my azalea bush. As my mind wandered back to the love Jonathan showed the little girl, a biblical verse came to me: “.these three remain: faith, hope and love.

61、But the greatest of these is love.” While my son had put love into practice, I had only felt anger.I heard the familiar squeak of my husbands brakes as he pulled into the drive. I snapped a small limb bristling with hot pink azaleas off the bush. I felt the seed of love that God planted in my family

62、 beginning to bloom once again in me. My husbands eyes widened in surprise as I handed him the flowers. “I love you,” I said.【小题1】 Why did the woman cry when seeing her son had broken the azalea bush? A. Because she could not tolerate the harm to it. B. Because it made her bad mood even worse. C. Be

63、cause her son did not ask her for permission. D. Because she wanted to hand it to her husband.【小题】The writer wanted to hide in the mountain cave probably for the reason of . A. feeling fed up with her endless daily housework B. her husbands failing to fix the machine in time C. boring daily routine

64、with a feeling of lack of love D. her hoping to seek happiness in a brand new place【小题】We can infer from the passage that the writer expressed love to her husband in that . A. she was inspired by her son that love was supposed to be felt and practiced B. she felt guilty that she misunderstood her hu

65、sband and wanted to apologize C. she felt it necessary to have a complete family for the happiness of herself D. she wanted to prove her love and expected the same words from her husband【小题1】细节题：从第一段的句子：My day began on a definitely sour note when I saw my six-year-old wrestling with a limb of my aza

66、lea（杜鹃花）bush. 可知作者这一天开始就很糟，儿子又将她的杜鹃花破坏了，所以她难过的哭了，选BDIt doesnt kill germs better than cooler water, but turning tap temperatures high, the US burns carbon equal to the emissions of Barbados.People typically wash their hands seven times a day in the United States, but they do it at a far higher temper

67、ature than is necessary to kill germs, a new study says. The energy waste is equivalent to the fuel use of a small country. Its cold and flu season, when many people are concerned about avoiding germs. But forget what you think you know about hand washing, say researchers at Vanderbilt University. C

68、hances are good that how you clean up is not helping you stay healthy; it is helping to make the planet sick. Amanda R. Carrico, a research assistant professor at the Vanderbilt Institute for Energy and Environment in Tennessee, told National Geographic that hand washing is often “a case where peopl

69、e act in ways that they think are in their best interest, but they in fact have inaccurate beliefs or outdated perceptions.” Carrico said, “Its certainly true that heat kills bacteria, but if you were going to use hot water to kill them it would have to be way too hot for you to tolerate.” She expla

70、ined that boiling water, 212F (99.98C), is sometimes used to kill germs - for example, to clean drinking water that might be polluted with germs. But “hot” water for hand washing is generally within 104F to 131F (40C to 55C.) At the high end of that range, heat could kill some germs, but the sustain

71、ed contact that would be required would scald the skin. Carrico said that after a review of the scientific literature, her team found “no evidence that using hot water that a person could stand would have any benefit in killing bacteria.” Even water as cold as 40F (4.4C) appeared to reduce bacteria

72、as well as hotter water, if hands were scrubbed, rinsed（冲洗）and dried properly. In fact, she noted that hot water can often have an unfavorable effect on hygiene. “Warmer water can harm the skin and affect the protective layer on the outside, which can cause it to be less resistant to bacteria,” said

73、 Carrico. Using hot water to wash hands is therefore unnecessary, as well as wasteful, Carrico said, particularly when it comes to the environment. According to her research, people use warm or hot water 64 percent of the time when they wash their hands. Using that number, Carricos team calculated a

74、 significant impact on the planet. “Although the choice of water temperature during a single hand wash may appear minor, when multiplied by the nearly 800 billion hand washes performed by Americans each year, this practice results in more than 6 million metric tons of CO2 equivalent emissions annual

75、ly,” she said. Thats roughly equal to the emissions of two coal-fired power plants, or 1,250,000 passenger vehicles, over the course of a year. Its higher than the greenhouse gas emissions of small countries like El Salvador or Armenia, and is about equivalent to the emissions of Barbados. If all US

76、 citizens washed their hands in cooler water, it would be like eliminating the energy-related carbon emissions of 299,700 US homes, or the total annual emissions from the US zinc or lead industries. The researchers found that close to 70 percent of respondents said they believe that using hot water

77、is more effective than warm, room temperature, or cold water, despite a lack of evidence backing that up, said Carrico. Her study noted research that showed a “strong cognitive（认知的） connection” between water temperature and hygiene in both the United States and Western Europe, compared to other coun

78、tries, like Japan, where hot water is associated more with comfort than with health. The researchers published their results in the July 2013 issue of International Journal of Consumer Studies. They recommended washing with water that is at a “comfortable” temperature, which they noted may be warmer

79、 in cold months and cooler in hot ones.【小题1】What does the writer mainly focus on when writing this passage?A. Whether hot water helps kill germs effectively in hand washing.B. How hot water contributes to the serious worsening of our planet.C. Why the consumption of hot water is unnecessary and wast

80、eful.D. What the advantages and disadvantages of using hot water are.【小题】The underlined word scald in paragraph six probably means . A. burnB. improve C. softenD. wrinkle【小题】According to the passage, all the following share roughly the same CO2 emissions yearly EXCEPT . A. two coal-fired power plant

81、s B. US zinc or lead industriesC. 1,250,000 passenger vehicles D. El Salvador or Armenia【小题】Which of the following is WRONG according to the passage? A. Boiling water at 212F (99.98C) works effectively in killing germs. B. Warmer water can damage the protective layer of the outside skin. C. There is

82、 much difference between cold water and hot water in reducing bacteria. D. Americans have inaccurate beliefs or outdated perceptions in hand washing.【小题】Which of the following is the standard of a comfortable water temperature for washing hands? A. Warmer in winter and cooler in summer. B. Between 1

83、04F to 131F (40C to 55C). C. Below 104F (40C) or above 131F (55C). D. Warm enough to kill germs and clean up.【小题】 If you want to read stories of this kind afterwards, which of the following magazines will you probably subscribe to? A. Universal Science Fiction B. Science & Discoveries C. Environment

84、 & Protection D. Exploration of America【答案】【小题1】A【小题】A【小题】D【小题】C【小题】A【小题】B【解析】试题分析：文章对人们普遍认为的热水洗手比冷水洗手更加有效的观点进行纠正，通过实验和科学依据表明热水并不能杀死细菌，反而会对环境造成伤害。 【小题1】主旨题：通读全文和第一段的句子：It doesnt kill germs better than cooler water, but turning tap temperatures high, the US burns carbon equal to the emissions of Barb

85、ados.可知这篇文章讲的是热水是否能杀死细菌，选A。第卷（共 35 分）第四部分：任务型阅读（共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只写一个单词。Problem: On the scale of problems, “pictures of food on the Internet” is firmly first-world. And that is almost certainly a too-generous definition of “pro

86、blem.” When it comes to photographing and putting your dinner on line, I say live and let live, you know? Maybe your salad was particularly inviting and pleasing that night, and I, too, have spent many an hour clicking “random” on Smitten Kitchen and salivating（流口水）.But I assume if youre making the

87、effort to arrange your food artfully and preserve its memory in a digital archive, you must. like food. And want it to taste good. A recent study published in the Journal of Consumer Psychology suggests that spending time focusing on images of food makes the food itself less satisfying.Methodology:

88、The researchers assumed that imagining enjoying something might lead to satiation - the feeling that makes the second piece of cake taste not-quite-as-good as the first. To test this, they had some people participate in two experiments that they were told were separate - one in which they rated how

89、appetizing different photos of food looked, and one in which they ate some peanuts and rated how much they enjoyed them.A separate group of people did the same experiment again, but in the photo-rating portion, some were asked to rate how appetizing the food was or to choose a preference between two

90、 foods, and some were asked to rate the brightness of the photo itself.Results: The more photos of food people looked at, the less they enjoyed the peanuts - if they were looking at photos of salty food. People who looked carefully at images of sweets enjoyed the peanuts more, suggesting that imagin

91、ation causes satiation only if youre imagining a similar food. In the second experiment, participants who focused on the brightness of the photos were able to enjoy the peanuts more than those who were thinking about the deliciousness of foods while they looked at the images.Implications: Youll prob

92、ably enjoy your food more if you dont take a picture of it, or scroll through images of cookies at work and then eat one when you get home. This also has potential implications for advertisers, who may unknowingly be giving away satiation for free when they show images of chicken wings or whatever i

93、n front of us all day long. But luckily the study provides a hint: Try not to think about the foods taste while you take a photo - just focus on your composition.Satiation from sensory stimulationProblemMany people prefer to (71) what they eat with others via the Internet or enjoy on-line food photo

94、s. Spending time on food photos (72) our satisfaction of the food.MethodologyIt is assumed that imagining enjoying food takes away your (73) for real food.Some people are required to (74) food photos and real food in one experimentThe same experiment was (75) focusing on photos of food.Results Enjoy

95、ing photos of salty food makes peanuts less (76) to people.Pursuing images of (77) food does not cause satiation.Focusing on the brightness of photos (78) people to eat more peanuts.Implications (79) thinking about the taste while photographing the food before eating.Food advertiser are supposed to

96、perfect their commercials to (80) their products. 【答案】【小题1】 share【小题】reduces/ affects/ decreases/ lessens【小题】appetite【小题】rate【小题】conducted/ made/ done【小题】inviting/ attractive【小题】different【小题】enables/ allows/ causes【小题】句意理解题：从第四段的句子：A separate group of people did the same experiment again, but in the

97、 photo-rating portion, some were asked to rate how appetizing the food was or to choose a preference between two foods,可知同样的实验被做，填conducted/ made/ done【小题】句意理解题：从第五段的句子：The more photos of food people looked at, the less they enjoyed the peanuts - if they were looking at photos of salty food. 可知看了太多的

98、咸的食物会让花生对人们失去吸引力，填inviting/ attractive【小题】句意理解题：从第五段的句子：suggesting that imagination causes satiation only if youre imagining a similar food. 可知看相似的食物的图片会增加胃口，但是不同的食物不会。填different【小题】句意理解题：从第五段的句子：participants who focused on the brightness of the photos were able to enjoy the peanuts more than those

99、who were thinking about the deliciousness of foods while they looked at the images.可知看明亮的照片的人更能够享受花生。填enables/ allows/ causes【小题】句意归纳题：从最后一段的句子：Try not to think about the foods taste while you take a photo - just focus on your composition.可知拍照的时候，不要想着食物的味道。填Avoid“避免”【小题1】句意归纳题：从最后一段的句子：This also has

100、 potential implications for advertisers, who may unknowingly be giving away satiation for free when they show images of chicken wings or whatever in front of us all day long.可知食品广告商应该完善他们的推销食品的广告。填promote考点：考查任务型阅读第五部分：读写任务（满分 25 分）阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。The crowd at the airport moved forward

101、like waves. The passengers had been waiting for a couple of hours for an airline employee to open the door leading to the plane outside. No one was in a good mood. An old man got trapped in the middle of the rush. Suddenly, he fell down, his head hitting the concrete floor, with blood gushing from h

102、is forehead. He appeared to be unconscious. Everyone rushed past him, except for Dana. She called for help.A minute later, a young airline employee showed up. Hardly looking at the old man, she told Dana to get aboard her plane. She said the old man would be okay, and walked away.Dana screamed for h

103、elp. An airport supervisor appeared. He told Dana to get on the plane. Dana said that she was not moving until an ambulance arrived. The supervisor said her plane would leave without her. Dana said that she didnt care.An ambulance and two doctors finally arrived. The paramedics said that the man wou

104、ld be okay, but he would need stitches（缝线）. They put him into the ambulance and drove off.On her way out to the plane, which was still refueling, Dana saw the employee who had ignored the old man. The employee said, “Youre lucky the plane didnt leave without you.”“The plane?” Dana asked. “Who cares

105、about the plane? How could you be so cold? That was an old man; he could have been your grandfather! How would you like it if everyone just stepped over your grandfather and went on their way?”【写作内容】1、以约30词概括上文的主要内容；2、以约120词谈谈你阅读了该故事后的感受，内容包括：(1) 当时在场的人是怎样的一种心理？(2) 如果你当时也在场，你将如何处理？(3) 你对整个事件作如何评价？【写

106、作要求】1、在作文中可以使用自己亲身的经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子；2、作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。【答案】Ready to get aboard, an old man suddenly got fainted, head bleeding. The rest of the passengers, including the airline employee walked past except Dana, who accompanied him until an ambulance came to his rescue.Psychologic

107、ally, the passengers must have been feeling sorry. However, already a couple of hours wasted, they couldnt wait to board the plane. That way, it could take off sooner and reach their destinations earlier. Similarly, the employee didnt want to cause more delays and complaints.If I were present, I wou

108、ld undoubtedly act quickly, carrying him and rushing for the nearest hospital. For me, life cant be more precious. How could I walk my way ignoring a bleeding being?Certainly, we cant blame passengers for their “coldness”. It was understandable when they rushed their way once time was due. However, the staff of the airport should bear the responsibility to ensure every passengers safety. It was nobody but they that was offering service.