2020年高三英语开学大串讲阅读理解专题精练20200427137.docx

1、阅读理解专题精练阅读理解(共两节，满分40分) 2018年全国卷IA Washington, DCBicycle ToursCherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington， DCDuration :3 hoursThis small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the world-famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington, DCYour guide will provide a history lesson about the trees

2、 and the famous monuments where they blossomReserve your spot before availability and the cherry blossomsdisappear!Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle TourDuration:3 hours (4 miles)Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington, DCExplore the monuments and memoria

3、ls on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stopGuided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water.Capital City Bike Tour In Washington, DCDuration:3 hours Morning or Afternoon，this bike tour is the perfect tour for DCnewcomers and locals looking to experi

4、ence Washington，DC in a healthy way with minimum effortKnowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks. Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route(路线）make cycling between the sites fun and relaxingWashington Capital Sites at N

5、ight Bicycle Tour Duration：3 hours(7miles)Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington， DCGet up close to the monuments and memorials as your bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National Mall Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers un

6、ique facts and historyTour includes bike, helmet, and bottled water All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights21Which tour do you need to book in advance?ACherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, DCBWashington Capital Monuments Bicycle TourCCapital City Bike Tour in Washington, D

7、CDWashington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour22What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour? AMeet famous people BGo to a national parkCVisit well-known museums DEnjoy interesting stories23Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide?ACity mapsB Cameras CMeals D Safety lights课后

8、进行主题材料关键词的积累和拓展复习。2018年全国卷I阅读理解A：自行车观光旅行题号答案重点考查的能力：获取具体信息的能力信息的综合分析能力理解主旨要义的能力推断归纳的能力根据上下文推测词义的能力干扰项特点：无中生有、张冠李戴、以偏概全、经验意识、数据迷惑、部分正确等。注意提取题干的关键词，做到事半功倍！还有命题顺序原则！词汇拓展复习：派生词、同义、近义、反义等，关注语义场的运用！21A 获取具体信息的能力根据第一条旅行路线介绍的最后一句“Reserve your spot before availability and the cherry blossoms disappear”可知，选择第

9、一条旅行路线需要提前预订。reserve n.储备；保护区；保留；替补队员vt.储备；保留；预约vi. 预订adj. 保留的；预备的availability n.可用性；有效性；实用性book vt.预订book in advance 提前预订22D 获取具体信息的能力DEnjoy interesting stories匹配根据第三条旅行路线介绍中的most interesting storiesentertain you with the most interesting stories 与enjoy interesting stories表达同个意思，故平时要注意近义表达。23D 获取具体

10、信息的能力第四条旅行路线是Night Bicycle Tour，根据最后一句“All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights”可知，该路线为夜间骑车观光的游客提供反光背心和安全灯。关注关键词和关键句！be equipped with 配备有reflective vests 反光背心safety lights安全灯BGood Morning Britains Susanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa every morning， but she is co

11、oking up a storm in her latest role showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budgetIn Save Money: Good Food，she visits a different home each week and with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste， while preparing recipes for under 5 p

12、er family a dayAnd the Good Morning Britain presenter says shes been able to put a lot of what shes leant into practice in her own home， preparing meals for sons, Sam, 14, Finn, 13, and Jack, 11We love Mexican churros, so I buy them on my phone from my local Mexican takeaway restaurant, she explains

13、 I pay 5 for a portion(一份), but Matt makes them for 26p a portion, because they are flour, water, sugar and oil Everybody can buy takeaway food, but sometimes were not aware how cheaply we can make this food ourselvesThe eight-part series(系列节自), Save Money: Good Food, follows in the footsteps of ITV

14、s Save Money: Good Health, which gave viewers advice on how to get value from the vast range of health products on the marketWith food our biggest weekly household expense, Susanna and Matt spend time with a different family each weekIn tonights Easter special they come to the aid of a family in nee

15、d of some delicious inspiration on a budgetThe team transforms the familys long weekend of celebration with less expensive but still tasty recipes24What do we know about Susanna Reid? AShe enjoys embarrassing her guestsBShe has started a new programmeCShe dislikes working early in the morningDShe ha

16、s had a tight budget for her family25How does Matt Tebbutt help Susanna?AHe buys cooking materials for herBHe prepares food for her kidsCHe assists her in cooking mattersDHe invites guest families for her26What does the author intend to do in paragraph 4? ASummarize the previous paragraphsBProvide s

17、ome advice for the readersCAdd some background informationDIntroduce a new topic for discussion27What can be a suitable title for the text? AKeeping Fit by Eating SmartBBalancing Our Daily DietCMaking yourself a Perfect ChefDCooking Well for Less课后进行主题材料关键词的积累和拓展复习。2018年全国卷I阅读理解B：文章介绍一档节目，其能够帮助预算紧张的

18、家庭做出好吃的饭菜。题号答案重点考查的能力：获取具体信息的能力信息的综合分析能力理解主旨要义的能力推断归纳的能力根据上下文推测词义的能力干扰项特点：无中生有、张冠李戴、以偏概全、经验意识、数据迷惑、部分正确等。注意提取题干的关键词，做到事半功倍！还有命题顺序原则！词汇拓展复习：派生词、同义、近义、反义等，关注语义场的运用！24B 获取具体信息的能力根据第一段中的“but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a

19、tight budget”可推知，这位电视节目主持人正在主持一档新的节目，介绍如何少花钱做出好吃的饭菜。A、C、D项属于无中生有。embarrass使尴尬is used to doing习惯于做某事grill n.烤架；铁格子；烧烤(食物)vt.拷问；(在烤架上)烤重要的是注意but后面的内容！原文关键词：latest最新的答案关键词：new新的注意同义词的考查！25C 信息的综合分析能力根据第二段的第一句可知，在节目中，厨师Matt Tebbutt帮助Susanna Reid给家庭提出关于如何减少食物浪费的建议和准备食谱。A、D项属于无中生有；B项属于张冠李戴。原文关键词：with the

20、help of答案关键词：assist in协助注意同义词的考查！26C 信息的综合分析能力本段不是对前三段内容的概括，可排除A项；本段没有给读者提出建议，可排除B项；本段的目的不是介绍一个新的讨论话题，故可排除D项。C选项旨在提供一些背景信息，非限定从起解释作用。summarize vt. 总结，概述summary n. 总结，概述previous 以前的provide some advice for提供建议background information背景信息introduce vt.介绍introduction n.介绍27D 理解主旨要义的能力本文介绍了由Susanna Reid主持的一

21、档电视节目，给观众介绍如何少花钱做出好吃的又有营养的饭菜，因此本文的最佳标题应为Cooking Well for Less。A、B、C项属于离题。CLanguages have been coming and going for thousands of years，but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more goingWhen the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers, small, tightly knit (联系)groups developed th

22、eir own patterns of speech independent of each otherSome language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between themSoon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their langua

23、ges too became more settled and fewer in numberIn recent centuries, trade, industrialisationthe development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory educationespecially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear, and

24、 dominant languages such as EnglishSpanish and Chinese are increasingly taking overAt present, the world has about 6 800 languages The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages, often spoken by many people, while hot, wet zones

25、 have lots, often spoken by small numbersEurope has only around 200 languages; the Americas about 1,000 Africa 2,400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800The median number (中位数)of speakers is a mere 6,000，which means that half the worlds

26、languages are spoken by fewer people than thatAlready well over 400 of the total of 6,800 languages are close to extinction(消亡)， with only a few elderly speakers leftPick, at random, Busuu in Cameroon (eight remaining speakers), Chiapaneco in Mexico(150)Lipan Apache in the United States(two or three

27、)or Wadjigu in Australia (one，with a question-mark)：none of these seems to have much chance of survival28What can we infer about languages in hunter-gatherer times? AThey developed very fast BThey were large in numberCThey had similar patters DThey were closely connected29Which of the following best

28、 explains dominant underlined in paragraph 2？AComplex BAdvanced CPowerful DModern30How many languages are spoken by less than 6,000 people at present? AAbout 6, 800 BAbout 3,400CAbout 2,400 DAbout 1,20031What is the main idea of the text? ANew languages will be createdBPeoples lifestyles are reflect

29、ed in languagesCHuman development results in fewer languagesDGeography determines language evolution课后进行主题材料关键词的积累和拓展复习。2018年全国卷I阅读理解C：题号答案重点考查的能力：获取具体信息的能力信息的综合分析能力理解主旨要义的能力推断归纳的能力根据上下文推测词义的能力干扰项特点：无中生有、张冠李戴、以偏概全、经验意识、数据迷惑、部分正确等。注意提取题干的关键词，做到事半功倍！还有命题顺序原则！词汇拓展复习：派生词、同义、近义、反义等，关注语义场的运用！28B推断归纳的能力根据第

30、一段的最后一句可知，在狩猎时代，人口少，语言却很丰富，故选B。根据第一段第二句可知，在狩猎时代，小的紧密联系的群体发展了各自独立的语言，故C、D项错误；根据第一段的内容可知，文中未提及狩猎时代语言的发展速度，可排除A项。29C 根据上下文推测词义的能力根据第二段最后一句“In recent centuriesall have caused many languages to disappear，and dominant languages such as English，Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over”可知，近几个世纪以来，随着

31、社会的发展，很多语言已经消失，英语、西班牙语、汉语逐渐占主导地位。故选C 。complex复杂的complicated错综复杂的；难懂的advanced高级的，先进的powerful有影响力的modern现代的30B 推断归纳的能力根据第三段最后一句“The median number（中位数）of speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the worlds languages are spoken by fewer people than that”可知，目前全球不同语言使用人数的中位数仅是6 000，这就意味着世界上有一半的语言的使

32、用人数不到6 000；结合第三段第一句“At present, the world has about 6,800 languages”可知选B。31C 理解主旨要义的能力根据第一段第一句中的“but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going”和第二段可知，随着人类社会的发展，尤其是工业化、全球化以来，很多语言已经消失，即人类的发展使得语言的种类越来越少。故选C。本文并未提及新的语言将会被创造，可排除A项；本文并未提及人们的生活方式反映在语言上，可排除B项；本文并未说明地理决定语言的进化发展，排除D项。DWe

33、 may think were a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new，but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices(装置) well after they go out of style Thats bad news for the environment and our wallets as these outdated devices consume much more ene

34、rgy than the newer ones that do the same thingsTo figure out how much power these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout its life from when its minerals are mined to when we

35、 stop using the deviceThis method provided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since the early 1990sDevices were grouped by generationDesktop computers，basic mobile phones，and box-set TVs defined 1992Digital cameras arrived on the scene in 1997 And MP3 players， smart phones， and LCD TVs en

36、tered homes in 2002，before tablets and e-readers showed up in 2007As we accumulated more devices，however，we didnt throw out our old ones The living-room television is replaced and gets planted in the kids room， and suddenly one day， you have a TV in every room of the house， said one researcher The a

37、verage number of electronic devices rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007 Were not just keeping these old devices we continue to use them According to the analysis of Babbitts team， old desktop monitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumpti

38、on and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions（排放）more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 windowSo whats the solution（解决方案）? The teams data only went up to 2007, but the researchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one f

39、unction, such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewingThey found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%32What does the author think of new devices?AThey are environment-friendlyBThey are no better than the o

40、ldCThey cost more to use at homeDThey go out of style quickly33Why did Babbitts team conduct the research?ATo reduce the cost of mineralsBTo test the life cycle of a productCTo update consumers on new technologyDTo find out electricity consumption of the devices34Which of the following uses the leas

41、t energy?AThe box-set TV BThe tabletCThe LCD TVDThe desktop computer35What does the text suggest people do about old electronic devices?AStop using themBTake them apartCUpgrade themDRecycle them 课后进行主题材料关键词的积累和拓展复习。2018年全国卷I阅读理解D：题号答案重点考查的能力：获取具体信息的能力信息的综合分析能力理解主旨要义的能力推断归纳的能力根据上下文推测词义的能力干扰项特点：无中生有、张

42、冠李戴、以偏概全、经验意识、数据迷惑、部分正确等。注意提取题干的关键词，做到事半功倍！还有命题顺序原则！词汇拓展复习：派生词、同义、近义、反义等，关注语义场的运用！32A 推断归纳的能力根据对第一段的整体理解可知，与新的电子设备相比，过时电子设备不仅耗能高，而且危害环境，所以可推断出，新的电子设备是环保的，故选A项。根据文章第一段中的“as these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things” 可知，新的电子设备耗能低，比旧设备好，故B、C项错；本文未提及电子设备

43、的过时速度快，故D项错。33D 获取具体信息的能力根据文章第二段第一句可知，Babbitt的团队做这项研究的目的是计算电子设备的耗电情况，故选D项。34B 获取具体信息的能力根据文章最后一段最后一句可知，用平板电脑替换电视机和台式电脑会节省44%的能耗，根据第二段中的“LCD TVs enteredshowed up in 2007”可知，平板电脑应比液晶电视耗能低，故选B项。35A 推断归纳的能力根据文章最后一段第二句中的“the researchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function”可推断出，文章建议用多功能的新设备来替换过时设备，即停止使用过时设备，故选A项。take apart拆卸upgrade使升级recycle回收利用