专题04 感叹句-2020-2021学年八年级英语下学期期末专项复习(外研版).doc
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1、专题04 感叹句第一部分 语法考查重点:1. 感叹句的基本用法;2. 对引导词what和how的选择;3. 陈述句改感叹句。 一:感叹句的基本用法 用来表示说话人强烈的喜、怒、哀、乐等感情的句子,叫感叹句。感叹句由what或how引导,具体用法如下表:类别结构例句what引导What + a/an + 形容词 + 单数可数名词(+ 主语 + 谓语)!What a kind girl ( she is )! (她是)一个多么善良的女孩啊!What + 形容词 + 复数可数名词/不可数名词(+ 主语 + 谓语)!What beautiful flowers ( they are)! 多么漂亮的花!
2、What bad weather ( it is )! 多么糟糕的天气!how引导How + 主语 + 谓语!How time flies! 时间飞逝!How + 形容词/副词(+ 主语 + 谓语)!How brave ( the hero is )!(这个英雄)真勇敢!How slowly he walks! 他走得多慢啊!How + 形容词 + a/an + 单数可数名词(+ 主语 + 谓语)!How clever ( a boy he is )! (他是)一个多么聪明的男孩啊!典例1.Chinese government has successfully stopped the viru
3、s from spreading in China. _proud we Chinese feel!A. HowB. How aC. WhatD. What a【答案】A【解析】句意:中国政府成功地阻止了病毒在中国的蔓延。我们中国人太骄傲了!考查感叹句。根据_ proud we Chinese feel!可知本题考查感叹句,感叹句的构成有两种,一是what引导的感叹句,修饰名词或名词短语;一是how引导的感叹句,修饰形容词或副词。本句的中心词是proud,形容词,所以应用how来引导感叹句,其结构为How+形容词+主语+谓语!故答案选A。2.The little boy is only thr
4、ee years old, but he can memorize about 50 poems. _talented boy he is!A. HowB. How aC. What aD. What【答案】C【解析】句意:这个小男孩只有三岁,但他能记住大约50首诗。他真是个有才华的男孩啊!考查感叹句。分析句子可知,本句是感叹句,修饰的中心词是可数名词单数boy,可用“What a/an+ adj+可数名词单数(+主语+谓语)!”句型表示;又因为talented首字母发辅音,故选C。二:陈述句改感叹句 陈述句变为感叹句时,常使用一断二加三换位的方法:1. 一断,即在谓语后边断开,使句子分为两部
5、分。She is a beautiful girl. 她是一位美丽的姑娘。He works hard. 他工作努力。2. 二加,即如果第二部分为副词、形容词,就加上how;如果是一个名词(词组),就加上what。She is (what) a beautiful girl. He works (how) hard. 3. 三换位,即把第一部分与第二部分互换位置,同时把句号换为感叹号。What a beautiful girl she is! How hard he works! 典例 It is fine weather to row a boat on the lake. (改为感叹句) _
6、 _ weather it is to row a boat on the lake!【答案】What fine 【解析】下句中weather是不可数名词,所以要用“what+形容词+不可数名词”来构成感叹句。感叹句记忆口诀感叹句,并不难,what与how应在前。形容词、副词跟着how,what后面名词连。名词若是可数单,前带冠词a或an。主语、谓语放后面,省略它们也常见第二部分 感叹句专项训练一、单项选择1_ great picture! Who painted it?AHowBWhatCHow aDWhat a2What _ lovely day today! What about goi
7、ng out for _ walk?Aa; anBa; aCthe; theD/; /3_ nice weather! Lets go outside!AWhat a BHow a CWhat DHow4_beautiful flowers! Thank you for giving me such beautiful flowers.AWhat aBHow aCWhatDHow5_ exciting the concert is! We all enjoy the music.AHowBWhat aCWhatDHow a6_ beautiful weather! Lets go out fo
8、r a walk.Thats a good idea.AHowBWhatCWhat aDWhat an7_fine weather it is! Lets go for a walk.AWhatBWhat aCHowDHow a8 Oh, _ lovely day! Shall we go out for a walk?Thats a good idea.Awhat aBhowChow aDwhat9 I finally passed the driving test and got my driving license! Wow! _ exciting news it is!AHowBWha
9、t anCWhat10 The 24th Winter Olympics will be held in Beijing and Zhangjiakou in 2022. Sounds great. _exciting news it is!AHowBWhatCWhat an11The boy can speak both English and Japanese_he is only ten.Wow! _clever boy!Aif; What aBalthough; HowCalthough; What aDif; How12_ beautiful weather it was yeste
10、rday !AHowBWhatCHow aDWhat a13_ pleasant weather we have these days!AWhatBHowCWhat aDHow a14 You enjoyed yourselves during the trip, didnt you? Far from that. _time we had!AWhat awfulBWhat an awfulCHow awfulDHow an awful15_ exciting songs the Super Girls sang in the concert last month! AWhatBWhat aC
11、What anDHow16_ terrible the explosion last night was!AWhatBWhat aCWhat anDHow17_ fast China is developing these years!Yes. We are so lucky to live in such a great county.AWhat aBWhatCHowDHow a18_it is! Yes. Lets go out for a walk.AWhat fine weatherBHow a fine weatherCWhat a fine weatherDHow fine wea
12、ther19_bad weather! It has rained for two days.AWhatBHowCWhat aDHow a20_delicious cake your mother cooked last Sunday! AWhatBWhat aCHowDHow a二、改写句子21The little girl is very clever.(改为感叹句)_ _ _ _!22The sunshine is really beautiful.(改为感叹句)_ _ the sunshine is!23The cloth has a soft feel. (改为感叹句)_ _ _ _
13、 the cloth has!24She is a lovely girl.(改为感叹句)_ a _ girl!25Our teachers gave us useful advice before the final exam. (改为感叹句)_ _ advice our teacher gave us before the final exam!26Its very exciting to have snowball fights in winter. (改为感叹句) _ _ it is to have snowball fights in winter!27Robert is writi
14、ng very quickly. (改为感叹句)_ _Robert is writing!28The girl gave a wonderful song last Friday.(改感叹句)_ _ _ song the girl gave last Friday!三、同义句转化29All of the kids look excited when they are talking about this movie!_ _ the kids are talking about this movie!30Look! What a heavy snow! (改为同义句)Look! _ _ it i
15、s snowing!参考答案1D【详解】句意:多么伟大的画啊!谁画的?1 how + 形容词/副词 + 主语+系动词/动词。 2 what+名词/名词词组+主语+系动词/动词。结合句意,故选D。2B【解析】【详解】句意:今天是多么好的一天啊!我们去外面走走怎么样?考查冠词用法。a一个,不定冠词;an一个,不定冠词;the定冠词;/零冠词。感叹句句型为“What a/an +形容词+名词+主语+谓语!” day为可数名词,在感叹句中前面需加不定冠词a/an,lovely以辅音音素开头,用不定冠词a修饰;第二个空后walk为名词,表示“散步”,此处表示泛指,并且以辅音音素开头,因此用不定冠词a修饰
16、。故选B。【点睛】a和an区别:1)a用在以辅音音素开头单词前面:例如:a man一个男人 a university一所大学a hat一顶帽子 a European一个欧洲人 a one-way street一条单行马路2)an用在以元音音素开头, 或以不发音的h开头的单词前面:例如:an apple一个苹果 an island一个岛an uncle一位大叔 an onion一个洋葱an egg一个鸡蛋 an hour一小时3)an还用在发音以元音开头的单个字母前面:例如: an MP一个国会议员 an SOS一个呼救信号 anx一个x字母3C【解析】【详解】句意:多么好的天气啊!我们出去吧!
17、本题为感叹句,感叹句的基本结构:How形容词/副词主语谓语+其它! What+( a/an)(形容词)名词主语+谓语+其它! How+句子!weather不可数名词,天气,不能使用不定冠词a/an, 所以本句为由what引导的感叹句。故选:C。【点睛】判断感叹句使用what还是how引导,通常做题思路:1.断句,在“主语+谓语”结构前断开句子,有时感叹句中“主语+谓语”结构省略;2.前面剩余部分若是名词(名词词组),说明该感叹句由what引导;若是形容词或副词,则由how引导该感叹句。4C【详解】句意:好漂亮的花! 谢谢你送我这么漂亮的花。考查感叹句。感叹句有两类:What+a/an+形容词+
18、名词+主语+谓语!或What+形容词+复数名词(不可数名词)+主语+谓语!How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!根据空处所在的句子结构:空处+形容词beautiful+复数名词flowers。故选C。5A【详解】句意:这场音乐会多么激动人心啊!我们都喜欢这音乐。考查感叹句。以how开头的感叹句后接形容词或副词,以what开头的感叹句后接名词或名词性短语。空后exciting是形容词,表示“令人兴奋的”,需用“How + adj +主谓!”结构。故选A。6B【详解】句意:多么美丽的天气!我们出去走走吧。是个好主意。考查感叹句。what和how都可引导感叹句,what后接名词或名词性短语,how后接形
19、容词或副词。beautiful weather是名词性短语,不可用how,可排除A项。不定冠词修饰单数名词表泛指,weather是不可数名词,不可用a和an修饰,故选B。7A【详解】句意:天气真好呀!我们去散步吧!考查感叹句。What 修饰名词;What a 修饰可数名词单数;How 修饰形容词或副词;How a不存在。本句中心词为名词weather,需用what修饰,故排除CD;因为weather是不可数名词,不能用aan修饰,故选A。【点睛】感叹句句式有哪些呢?首先,what是修饰名词的,有以下几种情况:What + aan + adj. + 可数名词单数 + 主语 + 动词 + 其他!W
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