2021_2022学年新教材高中英语Unit1RelationshipsPartⅡLesson1Teachers课时作业北师大版选择性必修第一册.docx

1、Unit 1 Relationships课时作业(二)Unit1PartLesson1Teachers.阅读理解ABillGatesandthepresidentofGeneralMotorshavemetforlunch, andBillisgoingonandonaboutcomputertechnology.“Ifautomotivetechnologyhadkeptpacewithcomputertechnologyoverthepastfewdecades, youwouldnowbedrivingaV32insteadofaV8, anditwouldhaveatopspeedof

2、10,000milesperhour，”saysGates.“Or, youcouldhaveaneconomycarthatweighs30poundsandgetsathousandmilestoagallonofgas.Ineithercase, thestickerpriceofanewcarwouldbelessthan$50.Whyhaventyouguyskeptup？”ThepresidentofGMsmilesandsays, “Becausethefederalgovernmentwontletusbuildcarsthatcrashfourtimesaday.”Whyis

3、thatfunny (ornotfunny, asthecasemaybe)? Humanbeingslovetolaugh, andtheaverageadultlaughs17timesaday.Humanslovetolaughsomuchthatthereareactuallyindustriesbuiltaroundlaughter.Jokes, sitcomsandcomediansarealldesignedtogetuslaughing, becauselaughingfeelsgood.Forusitseemssonatural, butthefunnythingisthat

4、humansareoneoftheonlyspeciesthatlaughs.Laughterisactuallyacomplexresponsethatinvolvesmanyofthesameskillsusedinsolvingproblems.Laughterisagreatthingthatswhyweveallheardthesaying, “Laughteristhebestmedicine.”Thereisstrongevidencethatlaughtercanactuallyimprovehealthandhelpfightdisease.Inthisarticle, we

5、lllookatlaughterwhatitis,whathappensinourbrainswhenwelaugh, whatmakesuslaughandhowitcanmakeushealthierandhappier.Youllalsolearnthattheresatremendousamountthatnooneunderstandsyet.1WhatstheBestTitleofthePassage?ALaughterBTheJokeBetweenGatesandthePresidentofGeneralMotorsCWhyDoWeLaugh?DLaughterandHealth

6、2WhichoneisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?AComputertechnologyhasdevelopedquicklyduringthepastfewdecades.BAutomotivetechnologyhasdevelopedasfastascomputertechnologyaccordingtoBillGates.C.ThepresidentofGMthinksitisimpossibletobuildcarsworthlessthan50dollars.DIfcarswerelessthan50dollars, alargenumberofac

7、cidentswouldhappenperday.3Theunderlinedword“sitcoms”inParagraph3means“_”AsituationcomediesBtragediesCbodylanguageDfictions4Thispassageismostprobablyan_.AintroductionofanarticleaboutMicrosoftBintroductionofanarticleaboutlaughterCarticleaboutlaughterDintroductionofanarticleaboutGeneralMotorsBInadditio

8、ntotheirdailytasks, thebraveMarspioneerswillalsohavetobereadytodealwithallkindsofmedicalemergencies.Commoncoldsandheadachesmaybeeasytodealwithmedication.Tohelpthemwithmoreseriousissues, likesevereskinburnsorbonefractures, scientistsfromtheDresdenUniversityofTechnology (TUD) havedevelopeda3Dbioprinte

9、rcapableofproducinghumantissueinspace.3Dbioprintersaresimilartotraditional3Dprinterswithonekeydifference.Insteadofcreatingobjectsfrommaterialslikeplastic, theydepositlayersofbiomaterial, madelargelyfromlivingcells, tobuildcomplexhumantissue.Sincetherawmaterialisnotreadilyavailable, researchersbeginb

10、ytakingafewcellsfromtherequiredorgan, suchaslungorskin, andcultivating (培养) theminthelaboratory.Onceenoughcellshavebeengenerated, theyareusedtocreate“bioink，”whichisloadedintotheprinter.This, asyoucanimagine, isnoeasytask, anddespitetryingformanyyears, scientistshavestillnotbeenabletoregeneratehuman

11、organsforwidespreaduse.Bioprintinginspacehasevenmorechallenges.Thebiggestisfindingcellstocultivateandcreatetherequiredbioink.TheTUDscientistsbelievethedifficultycanbeovercomebyusingcellsfromtheinjuredastronaut.“Usingbiomaterialfromtheastronautsthemselvesalsoeliminatestheriskoftransplantrejection，”sa

12、ysNievesCuboMateo, abioprintingspecialistatTUD.TheTUDresearchers, whorevealedthefirstbioprintedboneandskinsamples, believethatoncedeveloped, thetechnologycouldhelpastronautstreatacuteinjuries.TommasoGhidini, headofESAsStructures, MechanismsandMaterialsDivisionsays, “Carryingenoughmedicalsuppliesfora

13、llpossibilitieswouldbeimpossibleinthelimitedspaceandmassofaspacecraft.Instead, a3Dbioprintingcapabilitywillletthemrespondtomedicalemergenciesastheyarise.”5Whatmakes3Dbioprintersdifferentfromtraditional3Dprinters?ATheefficiencyofwork.BTheprincipleofoperation.CTheprogresstomakeobjects.DThematerialused

14、tomakeobjects.6Whatisthebiggestobstacleofusingbioprintinginspace?AHowtogetrawmaterial.BHowtoreducetheriskofrejection.CHowtodealwithmoreseriousissues.DHowtotakecellsfromtheinjuredastronaut.7Whichcanreplacetheunderlinedword“eliminates”inparagraph4?AIncreases.BRemoves.CTakes.DAssesses.8WhatsTommasoGhid

15、inisattitudeto3Dbioprinter?ADoubtful.BSupportive.CObjective.DIndifferent.七选五ThereisanEnglishsayingthatgoes, “Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.”HighSchoolMusicalstarZacEfronislaughingalotthesedays._1_Becausehewasalwaysthesmallestinhisclassandwaslaughedatbecausehehadabigspacebetweenhisteeth.Insixthgrade, Efr

16、onsbasketballteamwantedtowinthechampionship.Inovertime, withthreesecondsleft, hegrabbedtheballbutpassedittothewrongteam! _2_3_Nowat21, EfronisoneofPeopleMagazines100MostBeautifulPeople, graces (荣登) thecoverofEntertainmentWeekly, Hollywoodsmostinfluentialmagazine, andistravelingtheworldpromotingtheth

17、irdHighSchoolMusicalfilm.DirectorAdamShankmandescribedEfronas“arguablythebiggestteenstarinAmericarightnow”.Simplygoogle“ZacEfron”，andyougetmorethan14millionresponses.Yes, itseemsEfronhasalottosmileaboutthesedays.EfronwasbornandraisedinCalifornia._4_AccordingtoEfron, “Hewouldflipout (发疯) ifhegotaBand

18、notanAinschool, andhewasaclassclown.”Itwashisfatherwhoencouragedhimtoact._5_Healsotooksinginglessons.Hegraduatedfromhighschoolin2006andwasacceptedattheUniversityofSouthernCaliforniatostudyfilm.Butheputitoffwhynotstudymovieswhenyoucanstarinthem? Efronhasrisenallthewaytothetopofthemoviebusiness.Andhec

19、annowlaughallthewaytothebank.AHeowedhissuccessalottohisfather.BButhistory, astheysay, isathingofthepast.CHetookpartinschoolperformancesandactedinalocaltheater.DWhenhewasyoung, Efronwasanunqualifiedbasketballplayer.EHetookschoolseriously.FTheyscoredandhisteamlostthegame.GAsayoungboy, Efronwaspickedon

20、byhisclassmates.课时作业(二).阅读理解A【语篇解读】作者通过比尔盖茨和通用汽车公司总裁的幽默谈话向我们讲述了“笑”的作用：促进身体健康，增强抵抗疾病的能力。1答案与解析：D主旨大意题。综观全文可以看出，文章通过一个幽默引出了笑的作用：可以增进我们的身体健康，增强抵抗疾病的能力。2答案与解析：B细节理解题。文章第一段的“Ifautomotivetechnologyhad.insteadofaV8”用的是虚拟语气，故该句中的描述与事实不符。3答案与解析：A词义猜测题。该词的意思应和此句前面的“Jokes (笑话)”以及后面的“comedians (喜剧演员)”接近，故选A。而“t

21、ragedies (悲剧)”“bodylanguage (身势语)”“fictions (小说)”均不在此列。4答案与解析：B推理判断题。由最后一段的后半部分尤其是“Inthisarticle, well.”可以看出，该文是一篇文章的引言，用来吸引读者，介绍文章的内容。B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了为了帮助宇航员在太空解决严重的皮肤烧伤或骨折的问题，来自德累斯顿理工大学(TUD)的科学家开发了一种能够在太空中产生人体组织的3D生物打印机。5答案与解析：D细节理解题。根据第二段的“3Dbioprintersaresimilartotraditional3Dprinterswithon

22、ekeydifference.Insteadofcreatingobjectsfrommaterialslikeplastic, .”可知，这款生物打印机与传统的区别在于：打印的原材料不同。故选D项。6答案与解析：A细节理解题。根据第三段的“Thebiggestisfindingcellstocultivateandcreatetherequiredbioink.”可知，在太空使用生物打印机的最大困难是怎么找到打印原材料。故选A项。7答案与解析：B词义猜测题。根据第四段中“Usingbiomaterialfromtheastronautsthemselvesalsoeliminatesther

23、iskoftransplantrejection.”可知，此处是说用宇航员自己的生物材料也可以消除排异的风险。故选B项。8答案与解析：B推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Instead, a3Dbioprintingcapabilitywillletthemrespondtomedicalemergenciesastheyarise.”可推知，TommasoGhidini对于3D生物打印机是很赞同的。故选B项。.七选五【语篇解读】本文主要阐述了谚语“Hewholaughslastlaughsbest. (笑到最后的人才笑得最好)”，并通过ZacEfron的故事进行说明。【高频词汇】1.promote

24、v.促进；推销2.graduatefrom从毕业3.putoff推迟1答案与解析：G根据下文Becausehewasalwaysthesmallestinhisclass(因为他总是班里最弱小的)可知，G项“Asayoungboy, Efronwaspickedonbyhisclassmates.”符合题意。2答案与解析：F根据上文hegrabbedtheballbutpassedittothewrongteam(他抢到了球，但却把球传给了对手)可知，F项“Theyscoredandhisteamlostthegame.”符合题意。3答案与解析：B根据下文Nowat21, Efronisone

25、ofPeopleMagazines100MostBeautifulPeople, graces(荣登) thecoverofEntertainmentWeekly, Hollywoodsmostinfluentialmagazine可知，现在的Efron与以前完全不一样了，成了一个名人。故B项“Buthistory, astheysay, isathingofthepast.”符合题意。4答案与解析：E根据下文AccordingtoEfron, “Hewouldflipout (发疯) ifhegotaBandnotanAinschool, andhewasaclassclown.”可知，如果他某一门学科得了B而没有得到A，他就会发疯。故E项“Hetookschoolseriously.”符合题意。5答案与解析：C根据上文Itwashisfatherwhoencouragedhimtoact. (是他的父亲鼓励他去表演的。)可知，本句应该是与表演相关的内容，故C项“Hetookpartinschoolperformancesandactedinalocaltheater.”符合题意。