2021届高考英语二轮复习 副词的分类及其用法语法详解素材.docx

1、语法详解：副词的分类及其用法副词的分类什么是副词？副词是一种修饰动词、形容词或全句的词，说明时间、地点、程度、方式等概念。副词的分类1.时间副词now, today, yesterday, tomorrow, before, soon, early等，其出现往往决定了该语句表达的时态。Now Im writing a letter.现在我正在写信。I went to the park yesterday.我昨天去公园了。I will be back soon.我很快就回来了。2.频率副词部分频率副词频率高低的排序：always （直） usually （通常） often （经常） somet

2、imes （有时）seldom （很少） hardly （几乎不） never （从不） 还有说明次数的副词，once, twice等。频率副词经常出现在一般现在时态的语句中，表示规律性的动作或习惯。Ben often goes to the cinema with his friend.本经常和他的朋友岀去看电影。He never eats hamburgers.他从不吃汉堡包。3.地点副词here, everywhere, anywhere, in, out, inside, outside, above, below, down,back, forward, home, along, r

3、ound, around, near, off, past, up, away 等地点副词一般表示事情发生的地点。He played basketball here yesterday他昨天在这里打篮球。Its raining outside.外面正在下雨。The toilet is over there.厕所在那里。4.方式副词carefully, properly, anxiously, suddenly, normally, fast,well, calmly, politely, proudly, softly, warmly等一般表示事情进行的方式。He is writing his

4、 letter carefully.他正在认真地写信。He can swim well.他游泳游得很好。5.程度副词much, little, very, rather, so, too, still, quite, perfectly, enough, extremely, entirely,almost, slightly等程度副词一般说明事物发展到什么程度。He is very tall.他非常高。The shoes are too dear.这双鞋子太贵了。I feel much better.我感觉好多了。6.疑问副词how, when, where, why等主要用来引导特殊疑问句

5、。When do you come home?你什么时候回家？Why do you like dogs?你为什么喜欢狗副词的位置1.多数副词都可以放在动词的后面，来修饰动词I get up early in the morning every day.我每天早早起床。The train goes fast.火车跑得快。We can go to this school freely.我们可以免费到这所学校学习。The wind blows gently.风儿微微地吹着。I have seen this film twice with my friends.这部电影我和朋友看过两次。2.副词修饰形

6、容词或副词时，副词在前面，而被修饰的词在后面Its rather easy, I can do it.这很容易，我能做到。She is so beautiful！她是那么漂亮！Its rather difficult to tell who is right.很难说谁是对的。Its so important that I must tell my friends.这件事太重要了，我得告诉我的朋友。Its much better.好多了。3.频率副词可放在实义动词的前面，情态动词和助动词的后面。I often watch vidoes these days.这些日子我经常看录像。I always

7、 have breakfast at home.我一直在家吃早饭。You mustnt always help me.你不必老是帮助我。He Seldom comes to see us.他很少来看我们。We usually go shopping once a week.我们通常周买次东西。The new students dont always go to dance.新学生并不时常去跳舞。4.疑问副词、连接副词、关系副词以及修饰整个句子的副词，通常放在句子或从句的前面When do you do your homework every day?你每天什么时间做作业？Can you tel

8、l me how you did it?你能告诉我你如何做的吗？First, pour the water into the cup.首先，把水倒入杯中。How much does this bike cost?这辆自行车多少钱？5.时间副词和地点副词在同一个句子中，地点副词在前，时间副词在后We went home at 9 oclock yesterday.昨天我们九点钟回家。The dog was lost outside the supermarket one hour ago.小狗一个小时前在超市外走丢了。学习小贴士：当形容词变副词的时候，我们可以总结一些规律：在形容词词尾直接加-l

9、y。如：real-really; careful-carefully; slow-slowly; quick-quickly等以辅音字母加y结尾的形容词要变y为i然后再加-ly。如：busy-busily；angry-angrily；easy-easily某些以辅音字母加不发音的字母e结尾的形容词要先去掉e，然后再加-y或-ly。如：terrible-terribly；true-truly；gentle-gently另外，并不是所有-ly结尾的单词都是副词，例如friendly, lovely就是形容词。副词的比较等级副词和形容词一样，也有它的比较级和最高级形式，可以参考形容词的变换形式。但以

10、词尾-ly 结尾的副词（除early）须用more和most。1.规则变化单音节副词的比较级是在副词后面加上 -er 构成的，最高级是在副词后面加上-est 构成的。副词原形比较级最高级hardharderhardest fastfasterfastestlatelaterlatestearlyearlierearliest2.多音节副词的比较级是在副词的前面加上 more 构成的，最高级是在副词前面加 most 构成的。副词原形比较级最高级warmlymorewarmlymostwarmlyclearlymoreclearlymostclearlyslowlymoreslowlymostsl

11、owlycarefullymorecarefullymostcarefully3.有些副词的比较级和最高级形式是不规则的。副词原形比较级最高级muchmoremostwellbetterbestlittlelessleastbadlyworseworst学习小贴士：副词的比较级和最高级用法同形容词的比较级用法基本一样，最高级形式句可以省略。He worksharderthan I.他比我工作努力。Lucy gets upearlierthan Lily.露西比丽丽起床早。He runsmostslowly in our class.他在我们班跑得最慢。He swimsfasterthan his teammates.他比他的队友游得快。