2022-2023学年高一英语下学期开学考试01-【寒假自学课】2023年高一英语寒假精品课（人教版2019）.docx

1、2022-2023学年高一英语下学期开学考试（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1本试卷分第卷（选择题）和第卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2回答第卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。3回答第卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。4考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分 听力（共30分，略）第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项

2、中选出最佳选项。AThe Weekend Round-upKids Consignment SaleWhere: Trinity United Methodist Church| Alexandria, VA When: Saturday, 8 a.m.-12:30 p.m. Admission: FreeBeing a parent in Alexandria is challenging and expensive, but a little help comes every spring and fall from the MOMS Club of Alexandria NE Consi

3、gnment Sale. The event offers thousands of childrens books, toys, clothes and supplies for ages 0-10. The low prices and half-price sale help families stay on budget (预算). The sale is also very environmentally responsible, lowering the need for landfill (垃圾填埋) and avoiding the need for new materials

4、. Last Call for Future SketchesWhere: ARTECHOUSE| Southwest DC When: Throughout the weekendAdmission: $16-20/adult, $8-10/childThis weekend is the last chance to experience Future Sketches at ARTECHOUSE. Immerse (沉浸) yourself in digital art as you enjoy fun and unusual designs. Buy tickets online fo

5、r a discount (折扣).Complimentary Community DayWhere: National Museum of Women in the Arts|Downtown, DC When: Sunday,12-5 p.m. Admission: FreeThe first Sunday of every month is a great opportunity to explore the National Museum of Women in the Arts as admission is FREE! Works span (跨越) the centuries,

6、from the 16th to the present in different kinds of media, highlighting women artists all over the world. Laurie Berkner BandWhere: Gordon Center for Performing Arts | Owings Mills, MD When: Sunday, 11 a.m. & 3 p.m. Admission: $36-65Best-selling childrens music artist Laurie Berkner is returning to t

7、he DC area for two shows. A true pioneer in childrens music, beloved by generations of children and parents for over twenty years, shell be playing well-loved hits like “Bumblebee (Buzz Buzz)” and “We are the Dinosaurs” along with new songs. Kids should plan to bring their dancing shoes and a stuffe

8、d (填充的) animal (for their heads).1Where can parents buy cheap goods?ASouthwest DCBDowntown, DCCAlexandria, VADOwings Mills, MD2How much should a little girl and her parents at least pay for enjoying digital art?A$32.B$40.C$42.D$50.3Which of the following can be inferred from the last event?AGenerati

9、ons of children and parents love Laurie Berkners childrens music.BThe kids should come in their dancing shoes when entering Gordon Center.CThe children should learn Lauries new songs ahead of time before watching the shows.D“Bumblebee (Buzz Buzz)” and “We are the Dinosaurs” are two old pieces of son

10、gs.BThey asked Katherine Johnson for the moon, and she gave it to them. With little more than a pencil, a slide rule and one of the finest mathematical minds in the country, Mrs. Johnson, who died at 101 on Monday, calculated (计算) the precise track that would let Apollo 11 land on the moon in 1969 a

11、nd, after Neil Armstrongs historymaking moonwalk, let it return to Earth.Yet throughout Mrs. Johnsons 33 years in NASA and for decades afterward, almost no one knew her name. Mrs. Johnson was one of several hundred educated, capable but largely unrecognized women who well before the modern feminist

12、(女权) movement, worked as NASA mathematicians. But it was not only her sex that kept her long unsung. For some years at mid-century, the black women were forced to a double segregation (隔离):They were kept separate from the much large group of white women who in turn were segregated from the agencys m

13、ale mathematicians and engineers.Mrs. Johnson broke barriers at NASAIn old age, Mrs. Johnson became the most celebrated of black women who served as mathematicians for the space agency. Their story was told in the 2016 Hollywood film “Hidden Figures,” which was nominated for three Oscars, including

14、best picture.In 2017, NASA dedicated a building in her honor. That year, The Washington Post described her as “the most high - profile of the computers” “computers ” being the term originally used to describe Mrs. Johnson and her colleagues, much as “typewriters” were used in the 19th century to rep

15、resent professional typists.“She helped our nation enlarge the frontiers of space,” NASAs administrator, Jim Bridenstine, said in a statement on Monday, “even as she made huge steps that also opened doors for women and people of color in the universal human quest to explore space.”As Mrs. Johnson he

16、rself was fond of saying, her tenure (任期) at Langley from 1953 until her retirement in 1986 was “a time when computers wore skirts.”4What is the function of the first paragraph?ATo present the Apollo moon mission.BTo stress Mrs. Johnsons contributionsCTo honour Neil Armstrongs moonwalk.DTo present b

17、reakthroughs in moon exploration.5What barriers Mrs. Johnson broke according to Paragraph 3 ?AGender inequality and color line.BMrs. Johnsons unrecognized talents.CThe agencys male mathematicians and engineers.DThe hardships before the modern feminist movement.6Why were Mrs. Johnson and her colleagu

18、es described as “computers”?ABecause they used computers to keep their work secret.BBecause they were the NASAs human calculatorsCBecause computer systems engaged them deeply.DBecause they opened a door to outer space.7What can we learn from Mrs. Johnsons experience?ATry things that may not work.BTh

19、e world awaits our discovery.CUse knowledge to wipe out ignoranceDNever be limited by the labels given by others.CLac Rose in Senegal about 30 kilometers northeast of Dakar, is the highest salinity(盐度) lake in the world. Much higher salinity is what gives the lake its famous pink color that changes

20、from a slightly rose pink in the rainy season into a super bright pink during the dry season when salinity is at its highest. The high salt content draws the salt harvesters(收获者)to its banks . First, to protect their skin from the salt, they put a kind of natural vegetable fat on their bodies before

21、 entering the water. Using a wooden tool, they drag the salt into the basket made from reeds(a kind of plant). There are three different kinds of salt. Theres a type of very powdery salt that is only gathered during the Harmattan when the western winds blow from the Sahara over West Africa every yea

22、r. As the finest or highest grade of salt, the powdery salt is used mainly for cooking. The second type of salt is rougher and always present at the bottom of the lake. This type of salt is generally used for general cooking. Sometimes it is even used for building roads. The third type of salt is th

23、e roughest kind that people prefer for their beauty treatments. To harvest this type of salt, salt harvesters put some wood to the bottom of the lake and over time, big salt crystals(晶体)begin to form on them. Lac Rose is considered as a world heritage site and the local(当地的)people are willing to sha

24、re their beauty . The healthy, natural regulation(制度)of the use of the natural resources of this lake is one of the most impressive aspects of the community surrounding this lake. There are no laws needed to protect it. Everyone takes a little bit of what they need and nothing more. There is enough

25、for everyone in the local community. It is a good example of the power of mutual respect and trust in local community.8What causes the change of the lakes pink color?AThe temperature of the water.BThe salinity of the lake.CThe height above sea level.DThe height of the sun.9What can we know about the

26、 salt harvesters?AThey try to do no harm to the lake when working.BThey earn much money by collecting salt.CThey are unable to use modern technology.DThey suffer a skin problem because of their work.10Which word can best describe the local people?APoor.BBrave.CResponsible.DHumorous,11What is the bes

27、t title for the text?AHistory of Lac RoseBSalinity of Lac RoseCHarvest from Lac RoseDPeople around Lac RoseDAs is known to us all, the stories we share with one another are significant, which shows our wisdom, providing our inspiration and attaching importance to our development. But occasionally pe

28、ople choose not to tell.Consider the negative effects of not sharing a story in the news: People are wondering if public health officials are holding back too much information about the recent outbreak of Ebola.There is a danger in holding back stories that ought to be told. Bobette Buster said it w

29、as like this, “The fact is, history has shown us that stories not told can become like a dangerous genie (妖怪) left in a bottle. When they are finally uncorked, their power to destroy is set free.”There are a number of reasons why we hide parts of our story: they often show our weaknesses or expose o

30、ur disadvantages; they require courage and strength to share, and of course, there are some stories that should be kept secret especially those that embarrass someone else.Most of us have two selves: the one we display on the outside and the one we actually are on the inside. And the better we get a

31、t hiding the stories that show our true selves, the more damage we may be causing to ourselves and to others.Honesty and openness is important. It proves we are trustworthy. It displays we are human. We are not perfect or better. It highlights the importance of hard work and personal development. Ha

32、rd work may not allow us to overcome our disadvantages completely. But with hard work, we do not have to be restricted to our mistakes.Does this mean we admit every weakness, every disadvantage, and every secret regret to everybody we meet? No, of course not. There is a time and a place and a certai

33、n level of relationship necessary for some stories to be told in an appropriate manner.12Whats the function of the example in Paragraph 2?AIt reflects that people are concerned about the spread of Ebola.BIt proves not sharing a story can cause trouble.CIt concludes that one should share a story at a

34、 proper time.DIt shows the bad effect caused by sharing a story.13Which is close in meaning to the underlined word “uncorked” in Paragraph 3?AfreedBbrokenCunfoldedDuntouched14One of the reasons why people are unwilling to share experiences is that _.Astory-sharing highlights the importance of hard w

35、orkBsome stories make people feel sadCpeople are used to exposing their weaknessesDpeople sometimes have no courage to share their stories15The writer aims to convince us to _.Aremove the dangers that can be caused by untold storiesBbe open to people close to you by sharing some secretsCshare storie

36、s appropriately for the good of others and ourselvesDrealize the importance of being honest when making friends第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Albert Einstein was born in Ulm, Germany on 14 March, 1879. _16_ Einstein was so smart that at age 16 he wrote his first p

37、aper. However, Einstein did badly at school. _17_ He ended up at college in Switzerland. His grades meant it was difficult to get a job after college, but a friend found him work finally. Albert had a great year in 1905, publishing (发表) four scientific papers! _18_ One of the things he researched wa

38、s that energy and mass (质量) are different forms of the same thing. This was explained by his famous equation E=mc. In 1909 Albert was finally made a professor at the University of Zurich. He continued improving his work, and in 1915 he published his theory of general relativity (广义相对论) . In 1919, on

39、e of Alberts theories was proved, making him the most famous scientist alive! _19_His work changed the way we think about time and space, and also helped with developments like the television. _20_ And in 1933, Albert decided to stay in the USA forever. He became an American in 1940. Sadly, Einstein

40、s work with atoms (原子) led to the invention of the atomic bomb. Albert spent the rest of his life taking part in activities for world peace. He died in 1955.AAlbert spent lots of time in America.BEinstein loved to use his imagination.CHis work turned modern physics on its head.DEven as an adult, Ein

41、stein was disorganized.EAs a child, he enjoyed solving math problems.FAnd he won the 1921 Nobel Prize for Physics.GOne teacher even said hed never achieve anything!第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。When Zou Hongyan welcomed her son to the world in 198

42、8, terrible birth complications (并发症) left him disabled for life. Doctors _21_ her to give him up, a view that even her own husband _22_, as they believed the boy would lead a miserable, _23_ life. Zou, however, rejected their claims, divorced her childs father, and made it her life _24_ to treat an

43、d support her baby boy.Zou worked _25_ three jobs to support her family. She _26_ how to massage (按摩) his muscles and would play intelligence _27_ and puzzles with him.The mother also _28_ from the start that her son would learn to _29_ his disabilities as far as possible. For example, Ding had prob

44、lems coordinating (协调) his _30_ movements, and found it difficult to use chopsticks. _31_ many relatives said it was perfectly understandable, Zou insisted on _32_ him to do so.“I didnt want him to feel ashamed about his _33_ problems,” she said.Ding graduated with a bachelors degree from Peking Uni

45、versity in 2011. We can only _34_ how proud this hard-working mom is of her sons incredible progress, and how grateful Ding Ding must be to his greatest _35_.21AchallengedBforcedCencouragedDthreatened22AsharedBagreedCthoughtDdoubted23AinformalBworthlessCunfairDirregular24AstyleBstandardCbeliefDmissi

46、on25Aat leastBat onceCat allDat last26AlearnedBunderstoodCknewDwondered27AvideosBjokesCgamesDtools28ApredictedBinsistedCensuredDrealized29AhideBacceptCovercomeDstand30AbodyBhandCarmDfoot31AIfBUnlessCUntilDWhile32ArequiringBremindingCassistingDtraining33ApotentialBphysicalCurgentDprivate34AimagineBwi

47、tnessCdiscoverDadmit35AfollowerBpartnerCsupporterDsupplier第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Autumn celebrations around the worldCountries around the world have _36_ (they) own special ways of celebrating autumn.The Mid-Autumn Festival, also _37_ (know) as the Moon Festival, i

48、s one of the biggest and most widely celebrated harvest festivals in the world, with people from many Asian _38_ (country) including China, Malaysia and the Philippines, marking the day with festive celebrations. It is held on the 15th day of the eighth month in the Chinese lunar calendar, _39_ typi

49、cally lands in September. The festival _40_ (celebrate) as a public holiday, with schools and offices closing their doors so that families can gather and give thanks for the harvest and full moon.Oktoberfest(啤酒节) is another major autumn celebration that, while originating in Germany, has inspired lo

50、cal versions around the globe. The worlds largest folk festival _41_ (fall) in September and runs for about two weeks, featuring traditional Bavarian food, music, clothing, and most importantly, lots of beer!_42_ (interesting), many other countries also enjoy foraging for seasonal treats during the

51、autumn months. In France, for instance, the mushroom-picking season runs from mid-August _43_ mid-September with thousands of people taken to the forests to participate. Not too dissimilar to how Americans pick pumpkins and Brits can be found collecting conkers, Germans often collect chestnuts, acor

52、ns and beechnuts throughout autumn. Keen to make _44_ most of the seasons weather, Germans can also be found flying kites while enjoying the changing scenery and _45_ (power) winds.第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46假如你是李华，你的美国笔友Lucy来信告诉你她在与父母相处的过程中遇到一些困难并希望你给她提出建议。请你用英语给她写一封回信，提出你的建议和理由。注意：1.词数80左右。2.可

53、以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Dear Lucy,_Yours,Li Hua第二节（满分25分）47阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。A merchant(商人)sent his son to learn the secret of happiness from the wisest man . The young man wandered through the desert for a long time until he reached a beautiful castle at the top of a mountain. There lived

54、 the wise man the young man was looking for.In the castle, he saw merchants coming and going, people talking in the corners and a small band playing beautiful music. There was a table with different kinds of delicious foods on it. The wise man talked to everybody. The young man had to wait for two h

55、ours until it was time for him to talk to the wise man.The wise man listened carefully to the reason for the young mans visit. He told the young man that at that moment he had no time to explain to him the secret of happiness. He suggested that the young man take a walk around his castle and come ba

56、ck in two hours. “ However, I want to ask you a favour,” he added. He handed the young man a spoon, into which he put two drops of oil. “While you walk, carry this spoon and dont let the oil spill.”The young man began to walk around the castle, always keeping his eyes fixed on the spoon. After two h

57、ours, he returned to see the wise man. “So,” asked the wise man , “did you see the beautiful curtains hanging from the windows? Did you see the garden that the best gardeners in our country took ten years to build? Did you notice the beautiful furniture in my library?”Embarrassed, the young man admi

58、tted that he had seen nothing. His only concern was not to spill the two drops of oil as the wise man had told him.“Go back and see the wonders of my world,” said the wise man. “You cant trust a man if you dont know his house.”注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右;2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。Now feeling more relaxed, the young ma

59、n took the spoon and walked around the castle again._“But where are the two drops of oil that I gave you?” asked the wise man._参考答案：1C2B3D【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要讲的是周末的几个活动的相关情况。1细节理解题。根据Kids Consignment Sale部分的“The low prices and half-price sale help families stay on budget.(低价和半价销售帮助家庭保持在预算内。)”和“Where: Tri

60、nity United Methodist Church| Alexandria, VA(地点：Trinity United Methodist教堂|Alexandria, VA)”可知，父母在Alexandria, VA可以买到便宜的商品，故选C。2细节理解题。根据Last Call for Future Sketches部分的“Immerse (沉浸) yourself in digital art as you enjoy fun and unusual designs.(当你享受有趣和不寻常的设计时沉浸在数字艺术中。)”和“Admission: $16-20/adult, $8-10/

61、child(门票：成人16-20美元，儿童8-10美元)”可知，一个小女孩和她的父母至少应该为享受数字艺术支付的钱是$16*2+$8=$40，故选B。3推理判断题。根据最后一段的“A true pioneer in childrens music, beloved by generations of children and parents for over twenty years, shell be playing well-loved hits like “Bumblebee (Buzz Buzz)” and “We are the Dinosaurs” along with new s

62、ongs.(作为一名真正的儿童音乐先驱，二十多年来深受一代又一代儿童和父母的喜爱，她将演奏深受喜爱的热门歌曲，如“Bumblebee (Buzz Buzz)”和“We are the Dinosaurs”以及新歌。)”可知，“Bumblebee (Buzz Buzz)”和“We are the Dinosaurs”是两首老歌。故选D。4B5A6B7D【导语】这是一篇记叙文（人物传记）。文章主要介绍了女性黑人数学家Katherine Johnson。即使受到肤色和性别的歧视，Johnson夫人也对美国航天事业做出了巨大贡献。4推理判断题。根据第一段“They asked Katherine Jo

63、hnson for the moon, and she gave it to them. With little more than a pencil, a slide rule and one of the finest mathematical minds in the country, Mrs. Johnson, who died at 101 on Monday, calculated(计算) the precise track that would let Apollo 11 land on the moon in 1969 and, after Neil Armstrongs hi

64、storymaking moonwalk, let it return to Earth.(他们向Katherine Johnson要月亮，她给了他们。约翰逊夫人仅用一支铅笔、一根计算尺和全国最优秀的数学头脑之一，计算出了1969年阿波罗11号登陆月球的精确轨迹，并在Neil Armstrong完成历史性的月球漫步之后，让它返回地球。Johnson夫人于周一去世，享年101岁)”可知本段是为了介绍Katherine Johnson对航天事业做出的巨大贡献。故选B项。5细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“In old age, Mrs. Johnson became the most celebrat

65、ed of black women who served as mathematicians for the space agency. (到了晚年，约翰逊夫人成为了为美国宇航局担任数学家的黑人女性中最著名的一位)”和第二段最后一句“They were kept separate from the much large group of white women who in turn were segregated from the agencys male mathematicians and engineers.(她们被隔离在庞大的白人女性群体之外，而白人女性又被隔离在该机构的男性数学家和

66、工程师之外)”可知，Johnson夫人受到了肤色和性别的双重隔离，即她打破了肤色和性别歧视的双重障碍。故选A项。6推理判断题。根据第四段第二句“That year, The Washington Post described her as “the most high - profile of the computers” “computers ” being the term originally used to describe Mrs. Johnson and her colleagues, much as “typewriters” were used in the 19th cent

67、ury to represent professional typists.(那一年，华盛顿邮报称她为“最引人注目的计算机”“计算机”一词最初是用来形容约翰逊夫人和她的同事的，就像19世纪用“打字机”来代表专业打字员一样)”可知，人们用机器来指代这门从事相关工作的专业人员，所以Johnson夫人和同事们被称为“computers”是因为他们在美国国家航天局从事的计算工作。故选B项。7推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“She helped our nation enlarge the frontiers of space,” NASAs administrator, Jim Bridenstine,

68、said in a statement on Monday, “even as she made huge steps that also opened doors for women and people of color in the universal human quest to explore space.”(“她帮助我们的国家扩大了太空的疆界，”NASA局长Jim Bridenstine在周一的一份声明中说，“实际上她也做出了巨大的努力，为女性和有色人种在人类探索太空的探索中打开了大门。”)”结合第一段文章主题，可知这篇文章通过Johnson夫人的经历告诉我们即使自己是有色人种、是

69、女性，我们依然可以取得巨大成就。由此推知，从Johnson夫人的经历，我们了解到不要因为别人给我们的标签而限制自己的发展。故选D项。8B9A10C11C【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了世界上盐度最高的湖，玫瑰湖，怎样收货玫瑰湖里的盐和当地人对玫瑰湖的保护。8细节理解题。根据第一段“Lac Rose in Senegal about 30 kilometers northeast of Dakar, is the highest salinity(盐度) lake in the world. Much higher salinity is what gives the lake its fa

70、mous pink color that changes from a slightly rose pink in the rainy season into a super bright pink during the dry season when salinity is at its highest. (位于塞内加尔达喀尔东北约30公里处的玫瑰湖是世界上盐度最高的湖。较高的盐度使湖面呈现出著名的粉色，从雨季的微玫瑰红变成旱季盐度最高时的超亮粉色。)”可知湖的盐度导致湖面呈现粉色，故选B。9细节理解题。根据最后一段“Lac Rose is considered as a world her

71、itage site and the local(当地的)people are willing to share their beauty . The healthy, natural regulation(制度)of the use of the natural resources of this lake is one of the most impressive aspects of the community surrounding this lake.(玫瑰湖被认为是世界遗产，当地人愿意分享他们的美丽。对湖泊自然资源使用的健康、自然的管理是这个湖周围社区最令人印象深刻的方面之一。)”

72、可知当地人在工作时尽量不伤害湖水。故选A。10推理判断题。根据最后一段“Lac Rose is considered as a world heritage site and the local(当地的)people are willing to share their beauty . The healthy, natural regulation(制度)of the use of the natural resources of this lake is one of the most impressive aspects of the community surrounding this

73、 lake. There are no laws needed to protect it. Everyone takes a little bit of what they need and nothing more. There is enough for everyone in the local community. It is a good example of the power of mutual respect and trust in local community.(玫瑰湖被认为是世界遗产，当地人愿意分享他们的美丽。对湖泊自然资源使用的健康、自然的管理是这个湖周围社区最令人

74、印象深刻的方面之一。不需要法律来保护它。每个人都只拿一点他们需要的东西，仅此而已。当地社区的每个人都有足够的食物。这是当地社区相互尊重和信任的力量的一个很好的例子。)”可知即使没有法律保护，当地人对湖泊也能健康的使用，由此可推断当地人是负责任的，故选C。11主旨大意题。根据整篇文章尤其最后一段“Lac Rose is considered as a world heritage site and the local(当地的)people are willing to share their beauty . The healthy, natural regulation(制度)of the u

75、se of the natural resources of this lake is one of the most impressive aspects of the community surrounding this lake. There are no laws needed to protect it. Everyone takes a little bit of what they need and nothing more. There is enough for everyone in the local community. It is a good example of

76、the power of mutual respect and trust in local community.(玫瑰湖被认为是世界遗产，当地人愿意分享他们的美丽。对湖泊自然资源使用的健康、自然的管理是这个湖周围社区最令人印象深刻的方面之一。不需要法律来保护它。每个人都只拿一点他们需要的东西，仅此而已。当地社区的每个人都有足够的食物。这是当地社区相互尊重和信任的力量的一个很好的例子。)”可知文章主要讲述世界上盐度最高的湖，玫瑰湖，怎样收货玫瑰湖里的盐和当地人对玫瑰湖的保护。C选项“玫瑰湖的收货”概括文章主旨大意，适合做标题，故选C。12B13A14D15C【导语】这是一篇议论文。本文主要向我

77、们介绍了不分享理应被分享的消息或情况会给我们带来的负面影响，接着剖析了我们不愿分享的原因，以及诚实和坦率的重要性，但最后一段告诉我们并非所有的东西都要去分享，而是要在合适的时间地点，以一种合适的方式去分享。12推理判断题。根据第二段“Consider the negative effects of not sharing a story in the news: People are wondering if public health officials are holding back too much information about the recent outbreak of Eb

78、ola. (想想在新闻中不分享情况的负面影响：人们想知道公共卫生官员是否对最近爆发的埃博拉疫情隐瞒了太多信息)”可知，第二段中例举了不分享埃博拉情况导致人们怀疑公共卫生官员是否隐瞒疫情的例子，以此来证明段首“the negative effects of not sharing a story”不分享情况会带来负面影响甚至麻烦的观点。故选B项。13词义猜测题。根据划线词所在句“When they are finally uncorked, their power to destroy is set free.(当它们最终被uncorked时，它们的毁灭力量就释放出来了)”句意和其中“is se

79、t free”可推知，划线词uncorked意为“打开，释放”之意，与free“解放，使自由”意思相近。故选A项。14细节理解题。根据第四段“There are a number of reasons why we hide parts of our story: they often show our weaknesses or expose our disadvantages; they require courage and strength to share; and of course, there are some stories that should be kept secre

80、t especially those that embarrass someone else. (有很多原因可以解释为什么我们会隐藏自己的故事：它们通常会显示我们的弱点或暴露我们的缺点；分享需要勇气和力量；当然，有些故事应该保密尤其是那些让别人难堪的情况)”可知，人们不愿意分享经验的原因之一是：人们有时没有勇气分享他们的故事。故选D项。15推理判断题。通读全文，并结合第五段中“And the better we get at hiding the stories that show our true selves, the more damage we may be causing to ou

81、rselves and to others.(我们越是善于隐藏那些展现真实自我的故事，我们对自己和他人造成的伤害就越大)”和最后一段中“There is a time and a place and a certain level of relationship necessary for some stories to be told in an appropriate manner. (有些故事需要以适当的方式讲述，这需要时间、地点和一定程度的关系)”可推知，作者在文中告诉我们，隐藏自我的故事是有害的，所以劝诫我们要为了他人和自己的利益适当地分享故事。故选C项。16E17G18C19F20

82、A【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章介绍了Albert Einstein的生平。16上文“Albert Einstein was born in Ulm, Germany on 14 March, 1879.( Albert Einstein于1879年3月14日出生于德国乌尔姆) ”介绍Einstein出生日期和出生地；下文“Einstein was so smart that at age 16 he wrote his first paper.( Einstein非常聪明，16岁时就写了他的第一篇论文) ”介绍了Einstein16岁时的成就；结合全文内容可知文章按照时间顺序展开，由此可知，

83、E选项“As a child, he enjoyed solving math problems(小时候，他喜欢解决数学问题)”介绍Einstein孩童时期的情况，符合语境。故选E。17由上文“However, Einstein did badly at school. (然而，爱因斯坦在学校表现很差)”可知Einstein在学校的成绩不好；下文“He ended up at college in Switzerland. His grades meant it was difficult to get a job after college, but a friend found him w

84、ork finally.(他最后在瑞士上了大学。他的成绩意味着毕业后很难找到工作，但一个朋友最终为他找到了工作)”说明虽然他最终上了大学，但成绩不好；G选项“One teacher even said hed never achieve anything!(一位老师甚至说他永远不会取得任何成就！)”承接上文进一步说明Einstein在学校成绩不好，与上下文表达的意思一致；句中的“One teacher”与上文的“at school”相呼应。故选G。18上文“Albert had a great year in 1905, publishing(发表) four scientific paper

85、s! (Albert在1905年度过了伟大的一年，发表了四篇科学论文！)”介绍了Einstein在1905年所取得的研究成就；由此推知，空处陈述他的研究的意义。C选项“His work turned modern physics on its head.(他的研究成果彻底改变了现代物理学)”符合题意。故选C。19上文“In 1919, one of Alberts theories was proved, making him the most famous scientist alive!(1919年，Albert的一个理论被证明，使他成为当时世界上最著名的科学家！)”提到 Einstein

86、的某个理论于1919年被证实，他成为了当时世界上最著名的科学家，下文“His work changed the way we think about time and space, and also helped with developments like the television.(他的理论改变了我们对时间和空间的看法，也促进了电视等的发展)”阐述了Einstein研究成果的重大意义；F选项“And he won the 1921 Nobel Prize for Physics.(他还获得了1921年的诺贝尔物理学奖)”符合文章的时间顺序，承接上文说明“one of Alberts t

87、heories was proved”后Einstein所取得的奖项，符合语境。故选F。20下文“And in 1933, Albert decided to stay in the USA forever. (1933年，Albert决定永远留在美国)”说明Albert Einstein于1933年决定定居美国。A选项“Albert spent lots of time in America.(Albert许多时间是在美国度过的)”符合语境，选项中的“spent lots of time in America”与下文“decided to stay in the USA forever”相呼

88、应。故选A。21C22A23B24D25A26A27C28B29C30B31D32D33B34A35C【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一位叫做邹红艳的母亲得知自己的儿子丁丁生病之后不离不弃，一直悉心照顾孩子，最终，丁丁从北大毕业，并去哈佛法学院学习，这一切都要感谢他的母亲。21考查动词词义辨析。句意：医生劝说她放弃他，这一观点甚至连她自己的丈夫都同意，因为他们认为男孩会过着悲惨的、没有价值的生活。A. challenged挑战；B. forced迫使；C. encouraged劝说；鼓励；D. threatened威胁。根据上文“terrible birth complications(并发

89、症) left him disabled for life”可知，丁丁一出生就患有疾病，所以此处表示医生劝说她放弃孩子。故选C项。22考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. shared有同样的感情（或想法、经历等）；B. agreed同意；C. thought认为；D. doubted怀疑。根据上文“Doctors 1her to give him up, a view that even her own husband”和下文“divorced her childs father”可推断，甚至她自己的丈夫，孩子的父亲都有和医生一样的想法，放弃孩子。故选A项。23考查形容词词义辨析。句意：医生劝说

90、她放弃他，这一观点甚至连她自己的丈夫都同意，因为他们认为男孩会过着悲惨的、没有价值的生活。A. informal不正式的；B. worthless无价值的；品质差的；C. unfair不公平的；D. irregular不规律的。根据上文“terrible birth complications (并发症) left him disabled for life”可知，丁丁一出生就患有疾病，所以此处表示他们认为男孩会过悲惨的、没有价值的生活。故选B项。24考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，邹拒绝了他们的主张，与孩子的父亲离婚，并把治疗和抚养孩子作为自己的人生使命。A. style方式；B. stand

91、ard标准；C. belief信仰；信念；D. mission使命。根据下文“to treat and support her baby boy”和下文的讲述可知，邹红艳坚持拯救自己的儿子，把治疗和抚养孩子作为自己的人生使命。故选D项。25考查固定短语辨析。句意：邹做了至少三份工作来供养家庭。A. at least至少；B. at once马上；C. at all根本；全然；D. at last最终。根据上文“to support her family”可知，邹红艳做至少三份工作是为了供养家庭。故选A项。26考查动词词义辨析。句意：她学会如何按摩儿子的肌肉，还会陪儿子玩智力游戏和拼图游戏。A.

92、 learned学习；B. understood理解；C. knew知道；D. wondered想知道。根据下文“how to massage (按摩) his muscles”可知，邹红艳学习如何为儿子按摩肌肉。故选A项。27考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. videos视频；B. jokes笑话；C. games游戏；D. tools工具。根据下文“and puzzles”可知，此处表示她会陪儿子玩智力游戏和拼图游戏。故选C项。28考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位母亲也从一开始就坚持要求儿子尽可能去学习克服自己的残疾障碍。A. predicted预测；B. insisted坚持；C. ensu

93、red确保；D. realized意识到。根据下文“Zou insisted on 12 him to do so.”可知，邹红艳坚持要求儿子克服残疾障碍。故选B项。29考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. hide躲藏；B. accept接受；C. overcome克服；D. stand忍受。根据下文“I didnt want him to feel ashamed about his 13 problems” 可知，邹红艳不希望丁丁因为身体问题感到羞愧，所以此处表示她坚持要求儿子克服残疾障碍。故选C项。30考查名词词义辨析。句意：例如，丁丁的手部运动不协调，用起筷子来非常困难。A. body身

94、体；B. hand手；C. arm胳膊；D. foot脚。根据下文“found it difficult to use chopsticks”可知，丁丁使用筷子很困难，结合常识可知丁丁的手部运动不协调。故选B项。31考查连词词义辨析。句意：尽管很多亲戚说这种情况完全可以理解，但是邹仍然坚持训练儿子握筷。A. If如果；B. Unless除非；C. Until直到；D. While尽管。结合句意和语境，空处应用while引导让步状语从句。故选D项。32考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然很多亲戚说这种情况完全可以理解，但是邹仍然坚持训练儿子握筷。A. requiring要求；B. reminding提醒

95、；C. assisting协助；D. training训练。根据上文“_9_ many relatives said it was perfectly understandable”可知，虽然很多亲戚说可以理解，但是邹红艳仍然希望丁丁学会用筷子，坚持训练儿子握筷。故选D项。33考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不想他因为身体疾病感到羞愧。A. potential潜在的；可能的；B. physical身体的；C. urgent紧急的；D. private私人的。根据上文“terrible birth complications (并发症) left him disabled for life”和“fo

96、und it difficult to use chopsticks”可知，此处表示因为身体疾病感到羞愧。故选B项。34考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们可以想象，这位辛勤工作的母亲对儿子的不可思议的进步是多么的自豪，丁丁对他最伟大的支持者是多么的感激。A. imagine想象；B. witness见证；C. discover发现；D. admit承认。根据上文“Ding graduated with a bachelors degree from Peking University in 2011.”和下文“how proud this hard-working mom is of her son

97、s incredible progress”可知，儿子学业有成，母亲因为儿子的不可思议的进步会非常骄傲是不难想象的。故选A项。35考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. follower追随者；B. partner伙伴；C. supporter支持者；D. supplier供应商。根据上文“Zou, however, rejected their claims, divorced her childs father, and made it her life 4 to treat and support her baby boy.”以及邹红艳为了丁丁所做的一切可知，她是儿子最伟大的支持者。故选C。3

98、6their37known38countries39which40is celebrated41falls42Interestingly43to44the45powerful【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了世界各地庆祝秋天的不同活动。36考查代词。句意：世界各国都有自己独特的庆祝秋天的方式。空处需用形容词性物主代词修饰空后名词短语own special ways。故填their。37考查非谓语动词。句意：中秋节，又称月亮节，是世界上最大、最广泛庆祝的丰收节日之一，包括中国、马来西亚和菲律宾在内的许多亚洲国家的人们都在这一天庆祝节日。本句已有be动词is，且空处没有连词，所以空处需用非谓语动

99、词作后置定语；与主语The Mid-Autumn Festival为逻辑上的动宾关系，因此使用过去分词作定语。故填known。38考查名词复数。句意：中秋节，又称月亮节，是世界上最大、最广泛庆祝的丰收节日之一，包括中国、马来西亚和菲律宾在内的许多亚洲国家的人们都在这一天庆祝节日。由空前的many判断使用名词的复数形式。故填countries。39考查定语从句。句意：它在中国农历八月十五日举行，通常是在九月。分析句子结构可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，关系词在从句中作主语，先行词为it（指代中秋节），所以空处需用关系代词which引导定语从句，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。40

100、考查时态和语态。句意：这个节日作为一个公共假日来庆祝，学校和办公室都关门，这样家庭就可以聚在一起感谢丰收和满月。分析句子结构可知句子缺少谓语，且The festival 与celebrate 为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用被动语态，且全文为一般现在时，所以空处需用一般现在时的被动语态：be done，主语是单数the festival，所以be动词需用is。故填is celebrated。41考查谓语动词。句意：世界上最大的民间节日从9月开始，持续约两周，以传统的巴伐利亚食物、音乐、服装为特色，最重要的是，还有大量的啤酒!分析句子结构，可知句子缺少谓语，时态为一般现在时，描述一个客观的事实，主语Th

101、e worlds largest folk festival 为第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数。故填falls。42考查副词。句意：有趣的是，许多其他国家也喜欢在秋天寻找季节性的款待。此处修饰后面的句子，用副词形式，句首单词首字母需大写。故填Interestingly。43考查介词。句意：例如，在法国，采摘蘑菇的季节从8月中旬持续到9月中旬，成千上万的人前往森林参加采摘。分析句子结构可知，此处考查from.to. 为固定搭配。故填to。44考查冠词。句意：德国人也热衷于充分利用这个季节的天气，他们一边放风筝，一边欣赏变幻的风景和强劲的风。固定短语make the most of 意为“充分利用”

102、。故填the。45查形容词。句意：德国人也热衷于充分利用这个季节的天气，他们一边放风筝，一边欣赏变幻的风景和强劲的风。修饰后面的名词winds, 应用形容词形式，故填powerful。46Dear Lucy,How are you going these days? I heard that you have trouble getting along with your parents. I can offer some useful suggestions based on my own experience.First, you should understand your parent

103、s because they are busy with their work every day. Talk with your parents when it is convenient. Second, you need to do some activities together with your parents. This will make the relationship closer. Third, share your school life with your parents at dinner. Its the best time for you to learn ab

104、out each others life.I hope these will be helpful and you are sure to make a change and live with your parents happily.Yours,Li Hua【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给美国笔友Lucy写一封回信，对于她在与父母相处的过程中遇到的一些困难提出建议。【详解】1.词汇积累做某事有困难：have trouble doing sthhave difficulty doing sth提供：offerprovide建议：suggestionadvice高兴地：happily

105、delightedly2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Second, you need to do some activities together with your parents.拓展句：Second, what you need is to do some activities together with your parents.【点睛】【高分句型1】I heard that you have trouble getting along with your parents.（运用了that引导的定语从句）【高分句型2】First, you should understand your

106、 parents because they are busy with their work every day.（运用了because引导的原因状语从句）47One possible version:Now feeling more relaxed, the young man took the spoon and walked around the castle again. This time he paid close attention to all the works of art that hung from the ceilings and walls. He saw the

107、garden and the mountains around the castle. He smelled the beautiful flowers and tasted the delicious foods. The scene was six of breathtaking. Then he returned to the wise man, and reported all that he had seen to the wise man.“But where are the two drops of oil that I gave you?”asked the wise man.

108、 Looking down at the spoon, the young man realised that he had spilled the oil. “Well, this is the only advice that I will give you,” said the wise man. “The secret of happiness lies in looking at all the wonders of the world and never forgetting the two drops of oil in the spoon.”【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了

109、一个商人的儿子去向世界上最聪明的人寻求幸福的奥秘的故事。【详解】1. 段落续写由第一段首句内容“现在，这个年轻人感觉更放松了一些，他拿起勺子，又在城堡里走来走去。”可知，第一段可描写不再在乎勺子里的油后所看到的景象。由第二段首句内容“我给你的两滴油在哪儿?”智者问。”可知，第二段可描写智者告诉年轻人幸福的真谛。2. 续写线索放弃欣赏返回智者给予建议3. 词汇激活行为类注意到：pay attention to/notice/watch for意识到：realise/be aware of/be conoscious of返回：return to/ go back情绪类放松：at ease/in a relaxed state令人惊叹的：breathtaking /amazing/exciting【点睛】高分句型1 Looking down at the spoon, the young man realised that he had spilled the oil. （运用了that引导的宾语从句）高分句型2 Well, this is the only advice that I will give you,（运用了that引导的定语从句）