2022届高考英语深度精读系列训练29.docx

1、2022届高考英语深度精读系列训练 第29课时编写说明学生在限时阅读训练中，对一篇文章没有足够的时间来细读，理解的不深不透，但是，可以猜出来不太确定的正确选项，这样的训练叫做“考场式”训练；而在精读课堂上学习一篇文章的时候，从词句到篇章，从细节到主旨，从语言到情怀等方方面面都能够理解的很透彻，这叫做“精读式”训练。目前，在语篇训练中存在的低效问题，主要是因为不少学生为了完成任务而一味地追求速度，无意识地采用了“考场式”的训练方法，而不是为了透彻理解一篇文章去采用“精读式”的训练方法。但是，平时的语篇训练毕竟不是在考场，除了追求速度，更要培养精深理解的习惯和能力。应该将“考场式”和“精读式”两种

2、训练方法结合起来，第一步完成快速阅读，第二步精深理解，在语境中积累基础知识。本系列训练通过导读，突出重点单词、词块以及长难句的训练，旨在培养学生精深阅读的习惯，训练有效处理语篇的能力，在阅读训练中积累语言知识，进而提高语篇训练的效果。第一节. 阅读理解 阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中,选出最佳选项，并在短文中标注出选择答案的依据。Certain forms of AI are indeed becoming ubiquitous. For example, algorithms (算法) carry out huge volumes of trading on

3、 our financial markets, self-driving cars are appearing on city streets, and our smartphones are translating from one language into another. These systems are sometimes faster and more perceptive than we humans are. But so far that is only true for the specific tasks for which the systems have been

4、designed. That is something that some AI developers are now eager to change. Some of todays AI pioneers want to move on from todays world of “weak” or “narrow” AI, to create “strong” or “full” AI, or what is often called artificial general intelligence (AGI). In some respects, todays powerful comput

5、ing machines already make our brains look weak. AGI could, its advocates say, work for us around the clock, and drawing on all available data, could suggest solutions to many problems. DM, a company focused on the development of AGI, has an ambition to “solve intelligence”. “If were successful,” the

6、ir mission statement reads, “we believe this will be one of the most important and widely beneficial scientific advances ever made.”Since the early days of AI, imagination has outpaced what is possible or even probable. In 1965, an imaginative mathematician called Irving Good predicted the eventual

7、creation of an “ultra-intelligent machine that can far surpass all the intellectual activities of any man, however clever.” Good went on to suggest that “the first ultra-intelligent machine” could be “the last invention that man need ever make.”Fears about the appearance of bad, powerful, man-made i

8、ntelligent machines have been reinforced (强化) by many works of fiction Mary Shelleys Frankenstein and the Terminator film series, for example. But if AI does eventually prove to be our downfall, it is unlikely to be at the hands of human-shaped forms like these, with recognisably human motivations s

9、uch as aggression. Instead, I agree with Oxford University philosopher Nick Bostrom, who believes that the heaviest risks from AGI do not come from a decision to turn against mankind but rather from a dogged pursuit of set objectives at the expense of everything else.The promise and danger of true A

10、GI are great. But all of todays excited discussion about these possibilities presupposes the fact that we will be able to build these systems. And, having spoken to many of the worlds foremost AI researchers, I believe there is good reason to doubt that we will see AGI any time soon, if ever.1. What

11、 does the underlined word “ubiquitous” in Paragraph I probably mean?A. Enormous in quantity.B. Changeable daily.C. Stable in quality.D. Present everywhere.2. What could AGI do for us, according to its supporters?A. Help to tackle problems.B. Make brains more active.C Benefit ambitious people.D. Set

12、up powerful databases.3. As for Irving Goods opinion on ultra-intelligent machines, the author is _.A. supportiveB. disapprovingC. fearfulD. uncertain4. What can be inferred about AGI from the passage?A. It may be only a dream.B. It will come into being soon.C. It will be controlled by humans.D. It

13、may be more dangerous than ever.第二节 精深语篇一.写出文中划线词汇在语境中的词义：1.perceptive _2.advocate _3.human-shaped _4.mission _5.outpace _6.imaginative _7.ultra-intelligent _8.surpass _9.downfall _10.recognisably _11.presuppose _12.foremost _二.写出文中划线词组在语境中的含义1. carry out _2. volumes of _3. trade on _4. the specific

14、 tasks _5. be designed for _6. be eager to do sth. _7. in some respects _8. have an ambition to do sth. _9. intellectual activities _10. be unlikely to be _11. at the hands of _12. draw on _13. a dogged pursuit _14. at the expense of _15. turn against _16. around the clock _三 词汇应用1.ambitious请根据句意理解词

15、义：The ambitious project was completed in only nine months._Nowadays its acceptable for women to be ambitious. But it wasnt then._She never achieved her ambition of becoming a famous writer._She was intelligent but suffered from a lack of ambition._2.advocate请根据句意理解词义：Many experts advocate rewarding

16、your child for good behaviour._He was a strong advocate of free market policies and a multi-party system._Most Americans advocate the spirit of social service and voluntary contribution. _He is a mountain climber, an inspirational speaker and an advocate for the disabled. _3.imaginative请根据句意填写单词的正确形

17、式,并且写出词义：The stables have been _ converted into offices. _You need to be more flexible and _ in your approach. _It doesnt take much _ to guess what she meant. _These technological developments were hardly _ 30 years ago. _四. 长难句分析及翻译要求：1.划主干,找出关联词,判断从句类型,理解主从句的附属成分; 2.翻译句子1.AGI could, its advocates

18、say, work for us around the clock, and drawing on all available data, could suggest solutions to many problems.分析：_翻译：_2.In 1965, an imaginative mathematician called Irving Good predicted the eventual creation of an“ultra-intelligent machine that can far surpass all the intellectual activities of an

19、y man, however clever.”分析：_翻译：_3.Instead, I agree with Oxford University philosopher Nick Bostrom, who believes that the heaviest risks from AGI do not come from a decision to turn against mankind but rather from a dogged pursuit of set objectives at the expense of everything else.分析：_翻译：_第三节 模仿训练要求

20、: 1.做阅读理解题; 2.标注出重点单词、短语以及句型，整理在线格处; 3.分析长难句I am an active playgoer and play-reader, and perhaps my best reason for editing this book is a hope of sharing my enthusiasm for the theater with others. To do this I have searched through dozens of plays to find the ones that I think best show the power a

21、nd purpose of the short play.Each play has a theme or central idea which the playwright hopes to get across through dialogue and action. A few characters are used to create a single impression growing out of the theme. It is not my intention to point out the central theme of each of the plays in thi

22、s collection, for that would, indeed, ruin the pleasure of reading, discussing, and thinking about the plays and the effectiveness of the playwright. However, a variety of types is represented here. These include comedy, satire, poignant drama, historical and regional drama. To show the versatility(

23、多面性) of the short play, I have included a guidance play, a radio play and a television play.Among the writers of the plays in this collection, Paul Green, Susan Glaspell, Maxwell Anderson, Thornton Wilder, William Saroyan, and Tennessee Williams have all received Pulitzer Prizes for their contributi

24、ons to the theater. More information about the playwrights will be found at the end of this book.To get the most out of reading these plays, try to picture the play on stage, with you, the reader, in the audience. The houselights dim. The curtains are about to open, and in a few minutes the action a

25、nd dialogue will tell you the story.1. What do we know about the author from the first paragraph?A. He has written dozens of plays.B. He has a deep love for the theater.C. He is a professional stage actor.D. He likes reading short plays to others.2. What does the author avoid doing in his work?A. St

26、ating the plays central ideas.B. Selecting works by famous playwrights.C Including various types of plays.D. Offering information on the playwrights.3. What does the author suggest readers do while reading the plays?A. Control their feelings.B. Apply their acting skills.C. Use their imagination.D. K

27、eep their audience in mind.4. What is this text?A. A short story.B. An introduction to a book.C A play review.D. An advertisement for a theater.词汇与句型积累：_2022届高考英语深度精读系列训练 第29课时参考答案第一节 语篇解析：这是一篇议论文。文章主要就通用人工智能(AGI)实现的可能性进行了论述。1.词义猜测题。根据划线词所在句后面的For example, algorithms (算法) carry out huge volumes of t

28、rading on our financial markets, self-driving cars are appearing on city streets, and our smartphones are translating from one language into another(例如，算法在我们的金融市场上进行大量交易，自动驾驶汽车出现在城市街道上，我们的智能手机正在从一种语言翻译成另一种语言)可知，人工智能在我们生活中用处十分广泛。由此推知，划线词所在句意为“某些形式的人工智能确实正在变得无处不在”，即划线词与D选项“Present everywhere.(在任何地方存在)

29、”意思接近。故选D项。2.细节理解题。根据第二段AGI could, its advocates say, work for us around the clock, and drawing on all available data, could suggest solutions to many problems(AGI的倡导者说，AGI可以24小时为我们工作，并利用所有可用的数据，可以提出许多问题的解决方案)可知，AGI(通用人工智能)的倡导者认为，AGI(通用人工智能)可以提出许多问题的解决方案，帮助我们解决问题。因此，A选项“Help to tackle problems(帮助解决问

30、题)”符合题意。故选A项。3.推理判断题。根据第三段Since the early days of AI, imagination has outpaced what is possible or even probable. In 1965, an imaginative mathematician called Irving Good predicted the eventual creation of an “ultra-intelligent machinethat can far surpass all the intellectual (智力的) activities of any

31、 man, however clever.”(自从人工智能的早期，想象力已经超过了可能。1965年，一位富有想象力的数学家欧文古德预言，最终将创造出一台“超智能机器它将远远超过任何一个人的智力活动，无论他有多聪明。”)可知，作者认为Irving Good对“超智能机器”的想象力超出了实现的可能，作者并不赞成他的观点，因此B项“disapproving(不赞成)”符合题意。故选B项。4.推理判断题。根据文章最后一句And, having spoken to many of the worlds foremost AI researchers, I believe there is good re

32、ason to doubt that we will see A GI any time soon, if ever. (而且，在与世界上许多顶尖的人工智能研究人员交谈后，我相信有充分的理由怀疑我们是否会很快看到AGI)可推断出，通用人工智能（AGI）或许只是一个梦想，A选项“It may be only a dream(它也许仅仅是一个梦想)”符合题意。故选择A项。第二节 精深语篇一.写出文中划线词汇在语境中的词义：1.perceptive 有知觉力的2.advocate 拥护3.human-shaped 人形的4.mission 任务5.outpace 超过速度6.imaginative

33、富于想象力的7.ultra-intelligent 超智能的8.surpass 超过9.downfall 垮台10.recognisably 可识别的11.presuppose 预先假定12.foremost 第一流的二.写出文中划线词组在语境中的含义1. carry out 执行；进行2. volumes of 大量的3. trade on 利用4. the specific tasks 具体任务5. be designed for 为而设计6. be eager to do sth. 渴望做某事7. in some respects 在某些方面8. have an ambition to

34、do sth. 有一个野心做某事9. intellectual activities 智力活动10. be unlikely to be 不太可能11. at the hands of 通过某人来完成12. draw on 利用13. a dogged pursuit 顽强的追求14. at the expense of 以损害.为代价15. turn against （使）变成和敌对16. around the clock 昼夜不停三 词汇应用1.ambitious请根据句意理解词义：The ambitious project was completed in only nine month

35、s.宏大的Nowadays its acceptable for women to be ambitious. But it wasnt then.雄心She never achieved her ambition of becoming a famous writer.追求的目标She was intelligent but suffered from a lack of ambition.志向2.advocate请根据句意理解词义：Many experts advocate rewarding your child for good behaviour.提倡He was a strong

36、advocate of free market policies and a multi-party system.倡导者Most Americans advocate the spirit of social service and voluntary contribution. 提倡He is a mountain climber, an inspirational speaker and an advocate for the disabled. 倡导者3.imaginative请根据句意填写单词的正确形式,并且写出词义：The stables have been imaginative

37、ly converted into offices. 别出心裁地You need to be more flexible and imaginative in your approach. 想象力It doesnt take much imagination to guess what she meant. 想象力；想象These technological developments were hardly imaginable 30 years ago. 可想象的四. 长难句分析及翻译要求：1.划主干,找出关联词,判断从句类型,理解主从句的附属成分; 2.翻译句子1.分析：主谓之间的短语it

38、s advocates say是插入语；and连接两个谓语；分词短语drawing on all available data作为状语，修饰谓语。翻译：AGI的支持者说，它可以24小时为我们工作，并利用所有可用的数据，为许多问题提出解决方案。2.分析：分词短语called Irving Good作为定语；关系代词that连接定语从句。状语however clever是省略句however clever they are.翻译：1965年，一位名叫欧文古德的富有想象力的数学家预测，最终会创造出一种“超智能的机器，它可以远远超过任何人，无论多么聪明的人，所有的智力活动。”3.分析：who 连接非限

39、制性定语从句；that连接believes的宾语从句；短语 not.but rather.不是.而是.，连接并列成分。翻译：相反，我同意牛津大学哲学家尼克博斯特罗姆的观点，他认为AGI带来的最大风险不是来自反对人类的决定，而是来自以牺牲一切为代价顽强地追求既定的目标。第三节 模仿训练要求: 1.做阅读理解题; 2.划出重点单词、短语以及句型，整理在线格处; 3.分析长难句这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作者的书籍的序言部分，包括其编写目的，书籍内容主体，以及如何实现有乐趣的阅读本书的建议。1.细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容“and perhaps my best reason for editi

40、ng this book is a hope of sharing my enthusiasm for the theater with others”可知，作者编辑这本书的最好的原因是希望与他人分享对戏剧的热情，因此可知作者对于戏剧饱含热情。故选B项。2.细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容“It is not my intention to point out the central theme of each of the plays in this collection, for that would, indeed, ruin the pleasure of reading, discus

41、sing, and thinking about the plays and the effectiveness of the playwright.”可知，作者并不想指出这本书中每一部戏剧的中心主题，因为那样确实会破坏阅读、讨论和思考戏剧以及剧作家的有效性的乐趣。A项“Stating the plays”central ideas(陈述戏剧的中心思想)”与原文表达信息一致。故选A项。3.细节理解题。根据文章末尾段内容“To get the most out of the reading these plays, try to picture the play on stage, with y

42、ou, the reader, in the audience.”可知，作者建议读者试着想象戏剧在舞台上上演，不再是读者而是成为观众，才能实现最佳的阅读乐趣。C项“Use their imagination”与原文“try to picture the play on the stage”表达信息一致。故选C项。4.推理判断题。根据文章首段内容“I am an active playgoer and play-reader, and perhaps my best reason for editing this book is a hope of sharing my enthusiasm f

43、or the theater with others”可知，该句内容应是书籍的“自序”内容，且结合末尾“To get the most out of the reading these plays, try to picture the play on stage, with you, the reader, in the audience.”可知，在讲述如何更好地实现阅读乐趣，再结合全文内容可推知，作者通过该文章介绍自己的一本书。故选B项。词汇与句型积累：1.playgoer n. 爱看戏的人，常看戏的人2.intention n. 意图；打算3.effectiveness n. 有效，有力

44、；有效性；效益；效用4.satire n 讽刺；讽刺文学；讽刺作品5.on stage . 在舞台上6.are about to open即将开放7.dozens of 很多8.get across 解释清楚，传达9.point out 指出，把注意力引向；提示；点明；指明10.a variety of 各种各样的11.poignant drama令人心酸的戏剧12.regional drama地区戏剧13.contributions to的贡献14.picture the play拍摄、刻画该剧15.It is not my intention to point out the central theme of each of the plays in this collection, for that would, indeed, ruin the pleasure of reading, discussing, and thinking about the plays and the effectiveness of the playwright.分析：It代替不定式作为主语；for连接并列句。翻译：我并不是要指出这本合集中每一部戏剧的中心主题，因为这确实会破坏阅读、讨论和思考戏剧和剧作家的有效性的乐趣。